MAP8-JHS-SG-WK14

FUTURE READY FUTURE SMART PROGRAM

STUDY GUIDE

Subject MAPEH
I. Objectives
Prevention and control of Diseases and Disorders
Topic
(Communicable)
Level Grade 8
Week Week 14
School 3rd Quarter / SY 2020-2021
Year

 Analyze the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the

Philippines.

 Analyze the nature of emerging and re-emerging diseases.

 Identify agencies responsible for communicable disease prevention and

control.

II. Discussion

INFECTION
An infection is the attack of an organism's body tissues by disease-causing
agents, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agents and
the toxins they produce.
STAGES OF INFECTION
1. Incubation Stage
-
The Incubation period is the time between the entry of an infectious agent in
the host of beginning symptoms. During this time, the infectious agent
attacks the tissue and multiplies to produce an infection. The patient is
typically infectious to others during the latter-part of this stage.
2. Prodromal Stage
- The prodromal stage is the time the beginning of non-specific symptoms until
specific symptoms begin to manifest. The infectious agent continues to attack
and multiply in the host. A patient may also be infectious to other persons

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during the time period, there is a slight elevation in temperature during this
stage.
3. Acute Stage
- The Acute stage is the time when the disease is at its highest point that the
symptoms can clinically tested to diagnose the disease.
4. Declining Stage
- The Declining stage is the time when the symptoms begin to subside and the
patient feel improvement but still cannot return to doing normal activities.
5. Convalescent stage
- The convalescent stages start from the beginning of the disappearance of
acute symptoms until the patient returns to the previous state of health. Skin
eruptions and irritation for chicken pox disappear during this stage. The
symptoms of an infection depend on the type of disease. Some signs of
infection will affect the whole body generally such as fatigue, loss of appetite,
weight loss, fever, night sweat, chills, aches and pains. Others are specific to
individual body parts such as skin rashes, coughing or runny nose.

Leading Causes of Morbidity and Mortality in the Philippines

Morbidity discusses the disease state of an individual or the occurrence of illness in

the population.
Mortality is the number of deaths in a population.
Top 10 Leading Causes of Mortality

Heart disease 655,381

Cancer 599,274
Accidents (unintentional injuries) 167,127
Chronic lower respiratory diseases 159,486
Stroke (cerebrovascular diseases) 147,810
Alzheimer’s disease 122,019
Diabetes 84,946
Influenza and pneumonia 59,120
Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, and nephrosis 51,386
Intentional self-harm (suicide) 48,344

Top 10 Leading Causes of Morbidity (2010)

1,289,16
1. Acute Respiratory Infection **
8

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2. Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection and

586,186
Pneumonia
3. Bronchitis/Bronchiolitis 351,126
4. Hypertension 345,412
5. Acute Watery Diarrhea 326,551
6. Influenza 272,001
7. Urinary Tract Infection** 83,569
8. TB Respiratory 72,516
9. Injuries  51,201
10. Disease of the Heart 37,589

COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
It is an illness due to a specific infectious agent or its toxic products capable of
being directly or indirectly transmitted from man to man, animal to animal or from the
environment (air, dust, soil, water, food) to man or animal. It also caused by pathogens
passed from one human to another. Pathogens are viral, bacterial, parasitic, and fungal.
Methods of transmission include mucus, blood, breath, saliva, and sexual
contact. Contaminated surfaces, such as doorknobs, counter tops and playground
equipment, provide a medium for passing disease from one human to another.
Communicable diseases can spread from one living to another.

How Communicable Prevented?

1. Wash your hands regularly.
2. Avoid sharing personal belongings.
3. Stay and rest at home when sick.
4. Handle and prepare foods hygienically.
5. Cover your mouth when coughing.
6. Avoid touching animals that may bring diseases.
7. Make sure you get vaccinated.
8. Properly disinfect and clean surfaces.

EMERGING AND RE-EMERGING DISEASES

Emerging infectious diseases are “New diseases; new problem (New threats)”.
It is an emerging infectious disease is a one that is caused by a newly discovered
infectious agent or by a newly identified pathogen, which has emerged and whose
incidence in humans has increased during the last 2 decades and is threatening to
increase soon.
Re-emerging infectious diseases are “old diseases, new problem. (New
threats)”. It is
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a re-emerging infectious disease is a one which was previously controlled but once
again has risen to be a significant health problem. This term also refers to that disease
which was formerly confined to one geographic area, has now spread to other areas.

Some of emerging and re-emerging diseases are:

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Leptospirosis
(SARS) Avian Influenza
Meningococcaemia A(H1N1)
Foot and Mouth Disease Chikungunya
AGENCIES THAT PROMOTE PROGRAMS AND POLICIES TO PREVENT
AND CONTROL COMMUNICABLE DISEASE

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO)

WHO Is the directing and coordinating authority

for matters concerning the health of recipients
within the United Nations system.

DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH (DOH)

DOH is the administrative department of the Philippine

government responsible in supervising the health of the public.
The department is obliged to make sure that health services
are made available and accessible to all Philippine citizens.

FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION (FDA)

FDA guarantees the welfare, efficiency, cleanliness, and

excellence of processed foods, drugs, medical devices,
cosmetics, and household hazardous substances through state-
of-the art technology for the safety of public health.

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References:
The 21st Century MAPEH IN ACTION
Gerardo C. Lacia, Adelina Pineda-Limos, Lualhati Fernando-Callo, Chrismarilene Resantoc-Cabatana, Narcisa
Valencia-Lim

III. Exercise (10 points)

Directions: Read each statement below carefully. Place a T on the line if you think a
statement is TRUE. Place an F on the line if you think the statement is FALSE.

_____1. An infection is the attack of an organism's body tissues by disease-causing

agents, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious
agents and the toxins they produce.
_____2. The Incubation period is the time between the entry of an infectious
agent in the host of beginning symptoms
_____3. The prodromal stage is the time the beginning of non-specific symptoms
until specific symptoms begin to manifest
_____4. The Acute stage is the time when the disease is at its highest point that
the symptoms can clinically tested to diagnose the disease.
_____5. The Declining stage is the time when the symptoms begin to subside and
the patient feel improvement but still cannot return to doing normal activities.
_____6. The convalescent stages start from the ending of the disappearance of
acute symptoms until the patient returns to the previous state of health.
_____7. Communicable diseases cannot spread from one living to another.
_____8. DOH is the administrative department of the Philippine government
responsible in supervising the health of the public.
_____9. Re-emerging infectious diseases are “New diseases; new problem (New
threats)”.
_____10. Emerging infectious diseases are “new diseases, new problem”

Answer key
1. T 2. T 3. T 4. T 5. T 6. F
7. F 8. T 9. F 10. F

Score Interpretation
0 Please watch the video lecture and read Study Guide again, then proceed
1-3 to the Written Activity part.
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4–6
7–9
Please proceed to the Written Activity part.
10

Name: ___________________________________ Date: ______________________

Grade and Section: _________________________

IV. Written Activity (10 points)

Directions: Answer the following question in essay form. Your essay should be as well
organized and as carefully written as you make it. You will be graded based on the
given rubric.

Compare the Mortality and Morbidity. What Diseases make the

mortality and morbidity rate affect our country? If you are the secretary of
the Department of Health, what will you do to reduce the increasing rate of
mortality and morbidity cases in our country?

If I am the Secretary of the Department of Health, I will_______________

_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

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RUBRIC FOR ESSAY

FOCUS CONTENT ORGANIZATION STYLE CONVENTIONS
The single The presence of ideas The order developed The choice, use, Grammar,
controlling developed through and sustained within and and arrangement of mechanics,
point made facts, examples, across paragraphs using words and spelling, usage,
with an anecdotes, details, transitional devices and sentence structures and sentence
awareness of opinions, statistics, including introduction that create tone formation.
the task about reasons, and or and conclusion. and voice.
a specific topic. explanations.

2 Sharp, distinct, Substantial, A sophisticated Precise, illustrative use Evident control of

controlling point specific, and/or arrangement of of a variety of words grammar,
made about a illustrative content content with and sentence structures mechanics,
single topic with demonstrating evident and/or to create consistent spelling, and
sufficient strong subtle writer’s voice and tone usage, and
awareness of the development and transitions. appropriate to the sentence
task. sophisticated audience. formation.
ideas.
1. Apparent point Sufficiently The functional Generic use of a variety Sufficient control
5 made about a developed content arrangement of of words and sentence of grammar,
single topic with with adequate content that structures that may or mechanics,
sufficient elaboration or sustains a logical may not create a spelling, usage,
awareness of the explanation. order with some writer’s voice and tone and sentence
task. evidence of appropriate to the formation.
transitions. audience.
1 No apparent Limited content Confused or Limited word choice and Limited control of
point but with inadequate inconsistent control of sentence grammar,
evidence of a elaboration or arrangement of structures that inhibit mechanics,
specific topic. explanation. content with or voice and tone. spelling, usage,
without attempts and sentence
of transition. formation.
.5 Minimal evidence Superficial and/or Minimal control Minimal variety in word Minimal control
of a topic. minimal content. of the content choice and minimal of grammar,
arrangement. control of sentence mechanics,
structure. spelling, usage,
and sentence
formation.

Source:
https://www.google.com.ph/imgres?imgurl=https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/rubricsko-131215081453-
phpapp01-thumbnail-4.jpg?cb%3D1436976225&imgrefurl=https://www.slideshare.net/jennytuazon01630/rubrics-in-
essay&tbnid=67j0Yj6Bpg2GVM&vet=1&docid=bFSh97CC-C2EDM&w=768&h=503&q=essay+rubric&source=sh/x/im

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photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written permission of the Good Samaritan Colleges.
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V. Learning Rubric
Instruction: Please read carefully and check the corresponding box for your answer.
(Basahin ng mabuti ang bawat tanong at i-tsek ang kahon ng iyong sagot).

Note: Your honest answers will help us gather accurate data to understand and provide
appropriate interventions for the topic discussed.
(Ang matapat na pagsagot ay makapagbibigay ng tumpak na datos upang mas higit na
maunawaan at makapagbigay ng nararapat interbensiyon patungkol sa paksang ito.)

CONTENT YES MAYBE NO

(3) (2) (1)
1. I have background knowledge about the topic.
(Mayroon na akong konting kaalaman tungkol sa paksa.)
2. I can analyze the content to deepen my understanding.
(Kaya kong suriing mabuti ang paksa upang mapalawak pa ang
aking kaalaman.)
3. I can give my own examples.
(Kaya kong magbigay ng sarili kong halimbawa.)
4. I can summarize the content and information that I have
learned.
(Kaya kong lagumin ang paksa at ang kaalamang aking
natutunan.)
5. I clearly understood the topic.
(Lubos kong naunawaan ang paksa ng aralin.)
6. I understand the direction of each activity and answered it
correctly.
(Nauunawan ko ang panuto ng bawat gawain at nasagutan ito
ng tama.)
7. I can enumerate the necessary steps and procedures related
to the lesson.
(Kaya kong hanayin ang mga hakbang at proseso na may
kaugnayan sa paksang tinalakay.)
8. I can independently perform the skill, strategy, or process.
(Kaya kong i-apply ang aking natutunan upang magsagawa ng
isang kasanayan, pamamaraan, o proseso.)
9. I can relate the topic to real-life situations.
(Kaya kong iugnay ang paksa sa totoong buhay.)
10. I accomplished the task on time.
(Natapos ko ang mga gawain sa itinakdang oras.)

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ASSESSMENT (20 POINTS)

A. MULTIPLE CHOICE: Read the following questions carefully. Write the letter of the
correct answer on the space provided before each number.

1. It is condition in which pathogens enter the body causing symptoms of a disease.

a. Fatality c. Infection
b. Incubation d. Prodromal

2. It is the stage of infection when the symptoms start to subside and the patient’s health
start to return to normal though the infection is still present.
a. Incubation stage c. Acute stage
b. stage d. Prodromal stage

3. It is disease or illness that can be passed from one person to another.

a. Communicable disease c. Chronic disease
b. Non-communicable disease d. Severe disease

4. It is infection that prevents normal breathing.

a. Dengue Fever c. Influenza
b. Acute Respiratory Infection d. HIV

5. It is an example of emerging and re-emerging disease.

a. Leptospirosis c. COPD
b. Lung cancer d. Sexual Transmitted Infection

6. It is a government agency that is responsible for the prevention and control of

communicable diseases.
a. DOE c. DOH
b. DILG d. BIR

7. It is a mosquito-borne disease.
a. Leptospirosis c. Ebola Virus
b. A(H1N1) d. Dengue Fever

8. It is a stage of infection where the patient begins to recover his/her strength and return
to his/her normal state of health.
a. Incubation Stage c. Convalescent Stage
b. Prodromal Stage d. Acute Stage

9. It is the best practice that we must do to avoid having disease or being sick.
a. Eat junk foods c. Wash hands regularly
b. Do the laundry always d. sleep late at night

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10.The top leading causes of mortality and morbidity

a. Heart disease and dengue fever c. Pulmonary disease and Bronchitis
b. Accidents d. Acute respiratory infection and Heart disease

B. MATCHING TYPE: Match column A with column B. Write your answer on the space
provided.

A B

______1. Prodromal Stage a. Symptoms during this stage can help determine one disease
from another

______2. Morbidity b. Any bacterial or viral condition or illness that you can “catch”
or can be passed from one person to another

______3. World Health c. Is considered to be the time when symptoms show that a
Organization disease process is taking place

d. Patient begins to recover his/her strength and return to

______4. Incubation Stage his/her normal state of health

e. The diseased state of an individual, or the occurrence of

______5. Mortality illness in a population

f. Symptoms start to subside; the infection is still present but

______6. Acute Stage the patient’s health start to return to normal

g. A serious disease that affects the lungs

______7. Communicable disease
h. The amount of time between being exposed to a contagious
disease and developing symptoms
______8. Declining Stage
i. The number of death in a population
______9. Tuberculosis
j. The directing and coordinating authority for matters
concerning the health of recipients within the United Nation
______10. Convalescent stage system

k. An inflammation of the airways between the windpipe and

the lungs

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