Project Report 1

Project report 2020-21 Smart Wireless Water Meter with Web Database
SMART WIRELESS WATER METER WITH WEB DATABASE
A PROJECT REPORT
Submitted by
AKSHAY J (SNG17CS004)
ANJANA P A (SNG17CS011)
ASWATHY LAL (SNG17CS020)
BASIL BABY(SNG17CS022)
to
The APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University
in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the Degree of
Bachelor of Technology
In
Computer Science and Engineering
Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Sree Narayana Gurukulam College of Engineering,
Kadayiruppu, 682311
JUNE 2021
i
DECLARATION
We undersigned hereby declare that the project report “Smart Wireless Water Meter with Web
Database”, submitted for partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of degree of Bachelor of
Technology of the APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University, Kerala is a bonafide work done by me
under supervision of Asst. Prof. Anil C.B. This submission represents our ideas in our own words and
where ideas or words of others have been included, we have adequately and accurately cited and
referenced the original sources. We also declare that we have adhered to ethics of academic honesty and
integrity and have not misrepresented or fabricated any data or idea or fact or source in my submission.
We understand that any violation of the above will be a cause for disciplinary action by the institute
and/or the University and can also evoke penal action from the sources which have thus not been properly
cited or from whom proper permission has not been obtained. This report has not been previously formed
the basis for the award of any degree, diploma or similar title of any other University.
Place: Kadayiruppu Akshay J

Date: 14/06/2021 Anjana P A
Aswathy Lal
Basil Baby
ii
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING,

SREE NARAYANA GURUKULAM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,
KADAYIRUPPU, 682311
(Affiliated to APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University & Approved by A.I.C.T.E)
CERTIFICATE
This is to certified that the project report, “SMART WIRELESS WATER METER WITH WEB
DATABASE” submitted by AKSHAY J, ANJANA P A, ASWATHY LAL, BASIL BABY to the APJ
Abdul Kalam Technological University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the
Degree of Bachelor of Technology in Computer Science and Engineering is a bona fide record of the
project work carried out by them under our guidance and supervision .This report in any form has not been
submitted to any other University or Institute for any purpose.
Prof. (Dr.) Smitha Suresh Asst. Prof. Lisha Kurian Asst. Prof. Anil C.B
HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT PROJECT GUIDE PROJECT COORDINATOR
Submitted for the University Evaluation on ……………………………………….

University Register No…………………………………………………………….
Internal Examiner External Examiner
iii
CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT………………………………………………………………………………7
ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………………………………...8
LIST OF TABLES……………………………………………………………………………………....9
LIST OF FIGURES…………………………………………………………………………………….10
ABBREVIATIONS……………………………………………………………………………………..11
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………………...12
1.1 GENERAL BACKGROUND……………………………………………………………...12
1.2 OBJECTIVE……………………………………………………………………………….13
1.3 SCOPE……………………………………………………………………………………...13
1.4 INTRODUCTION TO TOPIC……………………………………………………………14
CHAPTER 2. LITERATURE SURVEY……………………………………………………………...16

2.1 AUTOMATED WATER USAGE MONITORING SYSTEM………………………..…17
2.2 WATER LEVEL MONITORING SYSTEM USING IOT…………………………...….17
2.3 WATER LEVEL MONITORING ULTRASONIC SENSOR………………………..….18
2.4 CONVENTIONAL WATER METER SYSTEM……………………………………..….18
2.5 COMPARISON TABLE……………………………………………………………..…….19
CHAPTER 3. SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS…………………………………………………….…...20
3.1 ESP8266……………………………………………………………………………………..20
3.1.1 PIN CONFIGURATIONS……………………………………………………….21
3.2 FLOW SENSOR……………………………………………………………………………23
3.3 OLED DISPLAY…………………………………………………………………………...23
CHAPTER 4. SYSTEM ANALYSIS………………………………………………………………….25
4.1 SOFTWARE SPECIFICATIONS………………………………………………………...25
4.2 HARDWARE SPECIFICATIONS………………………………………………………..25
4.3 FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS….…………………………………………………...26
4.4 NON-FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS………………………………………………..26
CHAPTER 5. DESIGN………………………………………………………………………………...27
5.1 ARCHITECURE DIAGRAM………………………………………………………….….27
iv
5.2 HARDWARE DESIGN……………………………………………………………………28
5.3 DATAFLOW DIAGRAM………………………………………………………………....29

5.4 CLASS DIAGRAM………………………………………………………………………...31
5.5 SEQUENCE DIAGRAM…………………………………………………………………..33
5.5.1 WEBSITE………………………………………………………………………...33
5.5.2 MOBILE APP…………………………………………………………………....34
5.6 USECASE DIAGRAM…………………………………………………………………….35
5.6.1 USECASE 1………………………………………………………………………35
5.6.2 USECASE 2………………………………………………………………………35
5.6.3 EMBEDDED USECASE………………………………………………………...36
5.7 STATE DIAGRAM………………………………………………………………………..37
5.7.1 MOBILE APP……………………………………………………………………37
5.7.2 WEBSITE………………………………………………………………………..38
CHAPTER 6. IMPLEMENTATION………………………………………………………………...39
6.1 HARDWARE CODE……………………………………………………………………...39
6.2 WEBSITE CODE………………………………………………………………………….47
6.2.1 STYLE……………………………………………………………………………47
6.2.2 SEARCH…………………………………………………………………………51
6.2.3 CONNECTION………………………………………………………………….54
6.2.4 DB-READ………………………………………………………………………..54
6.2.5 DB-WRITE……………………………………………………………………....56
6.2.6 INDEX…………………………………………………………………………....57
6.2.7 AUTHENTICATION…………………………………………………………....60
6.3 APPLICATION CODE……………………………………………………………………62
6.3.1 MAIN ACTIVITY……………………………………………………………….62
6.3.2 HOME…………………………………………………………………………….65
6.3.3 USER……………………………………………………………………………...68
6.3.4 REGISTRATION………………………………………………………………..69
6.3.5 LEVEL……………………………………………………………………………74
v
6.3.6 LOGIN UI……………………………………………………………………….79

6.3.7 REGISTRATION UI…………………………………………………………...83
6.3.8 HOME UI………………………………………………………………………..87
6.3.9 LEVEL UI……………………………………………………………………….89
6.3.10 USAGE UI……………………………………………………………………...93
CHAPTER 7. TESTING …………………………………………………………………………….95

7.1 OUTPUT SCREEN……………………………………………………………………….95
7.1.1 APPLICATION…………………………………………………………………95
7.1.2 WEBSITE……………………………………………………………………….98
7.2 HARDWARE CONNECTIVITY……………………………………………………….101
CHAPTER 8. CONCLUSION………………………………………………………………………102
REFERENCES……………………………………………………………………………………….103
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Dedicating this project to the Almighty God whose abundant grace and mercy enabled its successful
completion, we would like to express our profound gratitude to all the people who had inspired and
motivated us to undertake this project.
We wish to express our sincere thanks to our Head of the Department, Prof. (Dr.) Smitha Suresh, for
providing us the opportunity to undertake this project. We are deeply indebted to our project coordinator
Asst. Prof. Anil C.B and project guide Asst. Prof. Lisha Kurian in the Department of Computer
Science and Engineering for providing us with valuable advice and guidance during the course of the
project.
Finally, we would like to express my gratitude to Sree Narayana Gurukulam College of Engineering for
providing me with all the required facilities without which the successful completion of the project work
would not have been possible.
7
ABSTRACT
As water consumption and wastage increases day by day, water scarcity has become a growing concern
around the globe. While some irresponsible people are overusing water and wasting it daily, a large
population remain deprived of safe drinking water. This problem is caused by the irregular distribution of
water. To deal with this, we need a solution that gives data about daily and monthly consumption of water
in every home to the owner and to the respective authority. This is done to alert the house owner about the
water usage, in order to enable proper water distribution. In this project, we are going to make a smart
water meter that measures our daily water usage and provides live data on our phone that is connected to
a database, which can also be accessed by the authority. The smart metering approach proposed differs
from existing commercial methodologies by making use of low cost IoT hardware and smartphone app.
This scheme permits both Meter Reader as well as individual domestic / industrial consumers to use regular
smartphones to perform meter reading and update to utility’s portal / database for billing and payment. The
proposed scheme reduces overheads on Utilities in handling meter reading and billing for water distribution
in metropolitan and large urban conglomerates.
8
LIST OF TABLES
No. Title Page Number

1 Comparison between Existing Systems and 19
Proposed System.
9
LIST OF FIGURES
No. Title Page Number

1 ESP8266 20
2 ESP8266 Pin Configuration 21
3 Flow Sensor 23
4 OLED Display 24
5 Architecture Diagram 27
6 Hardware Design 28
7 Data Flow Diagram 29
8 Class Diagram 31
9 Sequence Diagram 1 33
10 Sequence Diagram 2 34
11 Use case Diagram 1 35
14 State Diagram 1 37
15 State Diagram 2 38
16 User Registration 95
17 Login Screen 95
18 Level & Usage Screen 96
19 Level Tracking 96
20 Data Tracking 97
21 Login Screen 98
22 Search Bar 99
23 User Details Screen 100

24 Hardware Setup 101
10
ABBREVIATIONS
No Title Expansion
1 OLED Organic Light Emitting Diode
2 EN Enable
3 RST
Reset
4 GPIO General Purpose Input/Output
5 SPI Serial Peripheral Interface
6 UART Universal Asynchronous

Receiver/Transmitter
7 AO Analog Read
8 SVM Smart Water Meter
9 HTML Hyper Text Markup Language
10 PHP Hypertext Preprocessor
11 CSS Cascading Style Sheets

12 UI User Interface
13 XML Extensible Markup Language
14 GUI Graphical User Interface
11
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 GENERAL BACKGROUND
The world is increasingly looking forward to adaptation and use of new technologies to improve quality
of life as well as reduce impact of human activities and consumption patterns on environment. Availability
of clean water, its increasing demand from urbanization and growing population in cities, cost for
management of water transmission, storage, treatment, distribution and billing for consumption are serious
issues in underdeveloped and developing countries. Rapid changes in lifestyle and increased paying
capacity have impacted use of water and related overheads on sewerage requirements. Water Utilities have
traditionally looked at managing water distribution as a sensitive task with humanitarian approach which
sometimes result in uneconomically high cost of water management and skewed cost-sharing
arrangements among different categories of consumers. The main revenue for water utilities have been
through Billing for consumption. Utilities try to meet most of their expenditure on Capital for new
installations, operations, maintenance, etc. from consumption metering and billing.
The IoT based Smart Water Metering System provides real time visibility over water consumption to
consumers and utilities. The solution comprises of a multi-tenant web portal for Utilities and mobile apps
for customers to view the captured data. The system also generates analytics for the users to get realtime
insights on water consumption. It is designed to generate alerts such as over consumption of water
resource, billing, leakage detection etc…
Smart meters have already become an essential component of the modern-day electrical grids and are now
finding their way in the water utilities. Currently, in a world where people are perishing due to lack of
water, these meters are the breakthrough innovation that water utilities can use to provide everyone with
potable water. Unlike traditional water gauges, smart water meters are a part of a wide area network that
allow utilities and consumers to engage in two-way communication. These meters help water suppliers to
enhance their water distribution network and incorporate robust water conservation & management
practices.
12
1.2 OBJECTIVE
Among the existing physical infrastructure, water supply networks are of the utmost importance because
water is the city’s most valuable resource. Efficient management of water supply networks is a key
challenge faced by smart cities. According to European Environment Agency, water leakage accounts for
more than 20% of the water supply in urban water networks in most countries.
With the proposed concept, centralized management is expected to be enabled with real-time information
collected from sensors deployed in strategic locations along the water supply networks. In case there is
any water leakage, we shall get an immediate alert from the monitoring platform. In addition, real-time
information from automatic meter reading helps us to improve water conservation. This project aims to
focus on these features as well as to avoid the major disadvantages of analogue water meters.
1.3 SCOPE
A smart water meter favors dynamic water billing, which eliminates the need for manual supervision
every month in each household. It supports real-time web-based metering that helps provide live alerts
about the leaks, water getting wasted, etc. A smart water meter also facilitates a two-way interaction
among the water distributors and the consumers where the suppliers can track each house’s water
consumption that come under the real-time networking range. It helps the authorities to automatically
generate the bill and send them to all the consumers within the specified time.
Adding a smart water meter solution helps identify consumption inefficiencies and patterns. These
smart meters comprise an IoT platform suite, which tracks the amount of water consumed by each
consumer regularly. This results in harnessing the over-consumption or water wastage by incorporating
necessary steps.
Establishing a base to improve anything requires the knowledge of what is causing the challenges in
abundance. Similarly, to bring down the excess water loss requires frequent evaluation of the
consumption habits and knowing the places where over-consumption or spilling is taking place.
Previously, the level of water loss was evaluated annually, and that too, when the customers used to send
their readings. The development of a smart meter is constantly eradicating the traditional methods of
evaluating water levels and is proving to be among the best innovations to save and conserve our water.
13
1.4 INTRODUCTION TO TOPIC
Water is our most precious natural resource, which is used for various purposes. Hence, it becomes our
duty to take care of it. Thinking about the future generation, they would definitely require water to sustain.
Therefore, there is a need to put a full stop towards the reckless usage of water. This project aims at
overcoming the disadvantages of the existing analogue water meter. The major disadvantages are:
• Creepy water meter Reading: This is by far the most popular meter problem. Whether it is you or
your local water company that is reading the meter, not all persons are aware of the correct way of
reading a water meter. Knowing the right way to read the water meter can tell you how to locate
leaks, conserve your water and monitor your water usage.
• Air Accumulation Problem: Air pressure in the piping system can lead to major water meter issues
such as erroneous water metering and damage to the internal components of the water meter. An
air valve prevents air from travelling through the piping system and passing through the water
meter. When public or private water supply is irregular or inconsistent, water channels through
from upper levels of the distribution system and gathers in the lower levels. Air replaces the water
drained from the upper levels. As soon as the water supply is restored, water refills the pipeline,
moves the air, forcing air through the water meter, rotating the impeller and gears very quickly.
Air flowing through the meter causes damage to its internal components and escalates its readings.
• Uneven distribution of water: The analog meters which cannot keep the track of the amount of
water supplied results in uneven distribution of water.
The proposed system will overcome these major issues. A smart water meter is nothing fancy; it is a
normal device that wirelessly communicates with a local or wide area network, enabling remote location
monitoring and leak detection, which results in minimal water wastage. Here are some of the main
features of a smart water meter.
• Real-time web-based monitoring

• Flexible billing cycle
• Data alerts
• Lots of savings
• Advanced data analytics
14
Smart meters are changing the way utilities operate—let it be the energy or water segment. The use of
these meters along with a well-crafted IoT solution allow water utilities to manage their water distribution
practices and provide their customers with clean potable water. These meters are also empowering the
consumers to see the value of water meter in reducing cost linked with their consumption of water.
15
CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE SURVEY
The purpose of a literature review is to, as the name suggests, “review” the literature surrounding a certain
topic area. The word “literature “means “sources of information” or “research”. The literature will inform
us about the research that has already been conducted on our chosen subject.
Imagine the usefulness of being able to switch on the air conditioner system ten minutes before you get
home on a hot afternoon. How about security system to detect smoke, burglary attempts alerted to you.
These imaginations build the idea of Water Level Monitoring that has no end. The sophisticated Water
Level Monitoring systems of course record the usage of water.
Technology nowadays has become an integrated part of people's lives. It has, and continues to influence
many aspects of daily life and has allowed better social interaction, ease of transportation, the ability to
indulge in entertainment and media and has helped in the development in medicine. The creation of many
devices such as mobile phones and computers have caused many people to rely on technology to
communicate with their friends, store information such as pictures, movies, documents, and music.
The internet has become a common interface that many devices use in order to simplify the daily life of
many people giving the ability to search for information, store their own information in the cloud while
also giving them better ways of managing information. From the time of its introduction, the number of
people that use mobile phones and the internet to communicate with other people has increased
dramatically to become one of the major means of communication. People with the help of smartphones
can now connect to the internet without the need for a computer, while still offering the same functionality
but through different means. With the introduction of advanced software and hardware devices,
smartphones are now powerful devices and have become an important part of people’s daily lives. A major
aspect is how the Smartphone is able to connect and communicate with other devices. A field that is
gaining popularity is Water Level Monitoring which can also use smartphones as information or
functionality hubs.
16
2.1 AUTOMATED WATER USAGE MONITORING SYSTEM
Automated water usage monitoring system proposes an effective way of controlling the wastage of water
at home/Industries by means of Wireless sensor nodes and LabVIEW software. At many places water is
luxuriously wasted while many areas don't have enough. Sensor nodes are placed at every water outlet
point sensing the flow of water. The concept of internet of things (IOT) is used to continuously monitor
and track water usage via the wireless sensor nodes. Server collects the data through Wi-Fi/LAN to process
and track usage and wastage of water at every outlet. When water is used at excess it is indicated and an
alert is sent to the user. The user can continuously keep a track of the water usage or wastage through a
mobile or laptop with an internet connection. This proposed water monitoring system helps the individuals
to keep a track on their water bills and helps the government to manage the water supply and modify
billing scheme based on the water usage. Using this system it is very easy to generate bills and no need of
a third party to notify the users about the water consumption and all.
2.2 WATER LEVEL MONITORING SYSTEM USING IOT
IOT based Water Level Monitoring system is an innovative system which will inform the users about the
level of liquid and will prevent it from overflowing. To demonstrate this the system makes use of
containers, where the ultrasonic sensors placed over the containers to detect the liquid level and compare
it with the container’s depth. The system makes use of AVR family microcontroller, Raspberry Pi, LCD
screen, Wi-Fi modem for sending data and a buzzer. A 12 V transformer is used for power supply in this
system. The LCD screen is used to display the status of the level of liquid in the containers. The liquid
level is highlighted as colored to show the level of liquid present in the container with the help of a web
page to the user. The buzzer starts ringing when the set limit of the liquid is crossed. Thus this system
helps to prevent the wastage of water by informing about the liquid levels of the containers. Some of the
major advantages of this system are reliability, portability and efficient working.
17
2.3 WATER LEVEL MONITORING ULTRASONIC SENSOR
An Ultrasonic sensor is used in the transmitter circuit, which measures the distance of water level from
the upper point of the bottle or Tank. The distance is measured in centimeters and sent to receiver circuit
using RF communication. Receiver circuit receives the data from transmitter circuit and converts it in
terms of the percentage and shows on LCD. Ultrasonic sensor has two openings-one is Trigger and the
other is Echo. Trigger makes high frequency sound waves. These sound waves are passed through the
tank from top to bottom. The sound waves hit the water and are reflected back in the form of Echo waves.
The Echo opening receives the Echo waves. The water level sensor Arduino measures the time between
Echo and Trigger. This traveled distance is directly proportional to the time. This system has simplified
interface and it can interface with any data logger or control system
2.4 CONVENTIONAL WATER METER SYSTEM
Conventional water meter system works on the principle of flow rate measurement. A device is placed in
between the main supply and the household inlet and the flow rate of water is measured by the mechanical
device. Sophisticated technologies are not used in this system. Flow rate measurement is performed
through turbine rotation with a shunt, propeller, or paddle wheel design. The mechanical types of water
flow meters work by measuring the speed of water flowing through the pipe that causes a piston or turbine
to rotate. The volumetric flow rate of the water is proportional to the rotational speed of the blades.
Readings generated by the system is then calculated by an employee of the water authority and then the
bill amount is calculated
18
2.5 COMPARISON TABLE
CHARACTERIS- CONVENTIONAL AUTOMATED WATER ULTRA- SMART

TICS SYSTEM SYSTEM LEVEL SONIC WIRELS-
MONITORING SENSOR S
SYSTEM WATER
METER
cost High Moderate Moderate Moderate Less
Water Wastage More More More More Less
User Less Less Less Less More

Friendliness
Smart Alerts No Yes No No Yes
Table 1. Comparison Between Existing and Proposed System
19
CHAPTER 3
SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
3.1 ESP8266
Fig 1. ESP8266
The ESP8266 Wi-Fi Module is a self-contained SOC with integrated TCP/IP protocol stack that can give
any microcontroller access to your Wi-Fi network. The ESP8266 is capable of either hosting an application
or offloading all Wi-Fi networking functions from another application processor. Each ESP8266 module
comes pre-programmed with an AT command set firmware, meaning, you can simply hook this up to your
Arduino device and get about as much Wi-Fi-ability as a Wi-Fi Shield offers (and that's just out of the
box). The ESP8266 module is an extremely cost-effective board with a huge, and ever growing,
community.
This module has a powerful enough on-board processing and storage capability that allows it to be
integrated with the sensors and other application specific devices through its GPIOs with minimal
development up-front and minimal loading during runtime. Its high degree of on-chip integration allows
20
for minimal external circuitry, including the front-end module, is designed to occupy minimal PCB area.
The ESP8266 supports APSD for VoIP applications and Bluetooth co-existence interfaces, it contains a
self-calibrated RF allowing it to work under all operating conditions, and requires no external RF parts.
3.1.1 Pin Configurations
Fig 2. ESP8266 Pin Configuration
❖ Control Pins – EN, RST

✓ The pin and the button reset the microcontroller
❖ Analog Pin – AO
21
✓ Used to measure analog voltage in the range of 0-3.3 V

❖ GPIO Pins – GPIO1 – GPIO16
✓ NodeMCU has 16 general purpose input-output pins on its board
❖ SPI Pins – SD1, CMD, SD0, CLK

✓ NodeMCU has 4 pins available for SPI communication
❖ UART Pins – TXD0, RXD0, TXD2, RXD2

✓ NodeMCU has two UART interfaces, UART0(RXD0 & TXD0) and UART1(RXD1
& TXD1). UART1 is used to upload the firmware/ program
❖ I2C Pins
✓ NodeMCU has I2C functionality support but due to the internal functionality of
these pins, you have to find which pin is I2C
❖ Analog Input Pins: 1

❖ UARTs: 1
❖ SPIs: 1
❖ I2Cs: 1
22
3.2 FLOW SENSOR
Fig 3. Flow Sensor
Water flow sensors are installed at the water source or pipes to measure the rate of flow of water and
calculate the amount of water flowed through the pipe. Rate of flow of water is measured as liters per hour
or cubic meters. Water flow sensor consists of a plastic valve from which water can pass. A
water rotor along with a hall effect sensor is present the sense and measure the water flow.
When water flows through the valve it rotates the rotor. By this, the change can be observed in the speed
of the motor. This change is calculated as output as a pulse signal by the hall effect sensor. Thus, the rate
of flow of water can be measured.
The main working principle behind the working of this sensor is the Hall effect. According to this
principle, in this sensor, a voltage difference is induced in the conductor due to the rotation of the rotor.
This induced voltage difference is transverse to the electric current. When the moving fan is rotated due
to the flow of water, it rotates the rotor which induces the voltage.
23
3.3 OLED DISPLAY
Fig 4. OLED Display
An organic light-emitting diode (OLED or organic LED), also known as organic

electroluminescent (organic EL) diode, is a light-emitting diode (LED) in which
the emissive electroluminescent layer is a film of organic compound that emits light in response to an
electric current. This organic layer is situated between two electrodes; typically, at least one of these
electrodes is transparent. OLEDs are used to create digital displays in devices such
as television screens, computer monitors, portable systems such as smartphones, handheld game
consoles and PDAs. A major area of research is the development of white OLED devices for use in solid-
state lighting applications.
There are two main families of OLED: those based on small molecules and those employing polymers.
Adding mobile ions to an OLED creates a light-emitting electrochemical cell (LEC) which has a slightly
different mode of operation. An OLED display can be driven with a passive-matrix (PMOLED) or active-
matrix (AMOLED) control scheme. In the PMOLED scheme, each row (and line) in the display is
controlled sequentially, one by one,[6] whereas AMOLED control uses a thin-film transistor backplane to
directly access and switch each individual pixel on or off, allowing for higher resolution and larger display
sizes.
24
CHAPTER 4
SYSTEM ANALYSIS
4.1 SOFTWARE SPECIFICATIONS
WEBSITE
• Coding Language: HTML, PHP, CSS
• Platform: 000webhost
• Server: Apache
• Database: MariaDB
MOBILE APP
• Platform: Android Studio

• Coding Language: Java
• UI: XML
• Database: Firebase
4.2 HARDWARE SPECIFICATIONS
ESP8266
• Type: 32-bit microcontroller
• CPU: Ten silica Diamond Standard 106Micro@80 MHz or 160 MHz
• Memory: 32 KiB (Instruction), 80 KiB (User data)
• Operating Voltage: 3.3 V
• Input Voltage: 7-12 V
• Flash Memory: 4 MB
• SRAM: 64 KB
25
FLOW SENSOR
• Working Voltage: DC 5V~15V

• Flow Rate: 1~25L
• Frequency: (11*Q) Q
• Operating Temperature: 0~80 C
• Water Pressure: <=1.75 MPa
OLED DISPLAY
• Resolution: 128*64 pixels

• Working Temperature: -30 C - 70 C
• Dimensions: L27.8 * W27.3 * H4.3 mm
• Driver: IC SSD1306
4.3 FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS
The functional requirements will describe the features and functionality of the system.
Functional requirements record the operation that must be done. Following are the functional
requirements of the system.
➢ Register
➢ Login
➢ Usage Tracking
➢ Notifications
➢ Bill generation
4.4 NON-FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS
➢ Security: It is the feature of the system which ensures that system is protected from
the unauthorized access.
➢ User-friendly: The graphical user interface (GUI) of all platforms is user-friendly
➢ Usability: It defines the ease of use of the system
26
CHAPTER 5
DESIGN
5.1 ARCHITECTURE DIAGRAM
Fig.5 Architecture diagram
The Architectural diagram is the graphical representation of a set of concepts that are part of an
architecture, including their principles, elements and components. It is a diagram of a system that is used
to abstract the overall outline of the software system and the relationships, constraints, and boundaries
between components. It is an important tool as it provides an overall view of the physical deployment of
the software system and its evolution roadmap.
The major components of the system are displayed in the diagram. The input from the flow sensor will
monitor and it will be stored in the database and displayed on the OLED display. The data transmission is
done through the Wi-Fi module. The data stored in the database is accessed by the mobile application as
well. The OLED display will display the flow rate and the mobile application gives information regarding
the usage and also display the bill amount. The application will also notify the user when an overflow and
underflow occur.
27
5.2 HARDWARE DESIGN
Fig 6. Hardware Design
Hardware Design means all design that describes electronic circuits or modules and including CAD
databases, schematics, mechanical layouts and drawings, bills-of-materials, manufacturing and assembly
information, and associated documentation.
28
5.3 DATAFLOW DIAGRAM
Fig 7. Data Flow Diagram
29
A data-flow diagram (DFD) is a way of representing a flow of a data of a process or a system (usually an
information system). The DFD also provides information about the outputs and inputs of each entity and
the process itself.
The diagram identifies data flow and integration points for typical water metering solution. The data flow
starts from the water flow sensor and move towards database, mobile app as well as the website through
the ESP8266.The data flow is controlled by the Wi-Fi module and the data will be accessed by the
user/customer via mobile application.
30
5.4 CLASS DIAGRAM
Fig.8 class diagram
31
In software engineering, a class diagram in the Unified Modeling Language (UML) is a type of static
structure diagram that describes the structure of a system by showing the system's classes, their
attributes, operations (or methods), and the relationships among objects. Class diagram represents
relationship between different classes.
For smart water meter, we have four classes. Database, Application, Website and Water_ meter_ reading.
Each of these classes have attributes as well as functions. Database class is linked to all other classes so
that they can retrieve data from the database. Database class contains the information regarding the users
and their water usage details. Each time the volume table gets updated when the user consumes water
from the tank. Website class contain information of each user’s water usage level as well as the monthly
charge. Application class have usage details and bill amount. Water_ meter_ reading is a major class that
contains the volume of water which is given to the database so that all other classes can collect data from
database.
32
5.5 SEQUENCE DIAGRAM
5.5.1. Website
Fig 9. sequence diagram1
A sequence diagram simply depicts interaction between objects in a sequential order. i.e., the order in
which these interactions take place and also describe how and in what order the objects in a system
function. This diagram shows the sequence of activities done by the authorities to access user details,
usage tracking and bill generation.
33
5.5.2 Mobile App
Fig 10. sequence diagram2
This diagram shows sequence of activities performed by the user during the tracking of water usage and
to monitor the bill amount from the mobile application.
34
5.6 USECASE DIAGRAM
5.6.1 USECASE 1: Mobile App
Fig 11. Use-case 1

5.6.2 USECASE 2: Website
Fig12.Use-case 2
35
5.6.3 USECASE 3: EMBEDDED USECASE
Fig 13. Use-case 3
36
5.7 STATE DIAGRAM
5.7.1 Mobile App
Fig 14. state diagram1
37
5.7.2 Website
Fig 15. State diagram2
A state diagram is used to represent the condition of the system or part of the system at finite instances
of time. It’s a behavioral diagram and it represents the behavior using finite state transitions. State
diagrams are also referred to as State machines and State-chart Diagrams. These terms are often used
interchangeably. So simply, a state diagram is used to model the dynamic behavior of a class in response
to time and changing external stimuli.
38
CHAPTER 6
IMPLEMENTATION
6.1 HARDWARE CODING
#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
#include <ESP8266HTTPClient.h>
#include <FlowMeter.h>
#include <SPI.h>
#include <Wire.h>
#include <Adafruit_GFX.h>
#include <Adafruit_SSD1306.h>
#include <FirebaseArduino.h>
#include <ArduinoJson.h>
#define FIREBASE_HOST "final-project-5f795-default-rtdb.firebaseio.com" //--> URL address of your

Firebase Realtime Database.
#define FIREBASE_AUTH "p2QJcydi7Fip7XlEOjRXziGtiRrzjTiW85kdOl5p" //--> Your firebase
database secret code.
#define SCREEN_WIDTH 128 // OLED display width, in pixels

#define SCREEN_HEIGHT 64 // OLED display height, in pixels
#define OLED_RESET -1 // Reset pin # (or -1 if sharing Arduino reset pin)
Adafruit_SSD1306 display(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, &Wire, OLED_RESET);
#define LED_BUILTIN 16
39
#define SENSOR 2
long currentMillis = 0;
long previousMillis = 0;
int interval = 1000;
boolean ledState = LOW;
float calibrationFactor = 4.5;
volatile byte pulseCount;
byte pulse1Sec = 0;
float flowRate;
unsigned long flowMilliLitres;
unsigned int totalMilliLitres;
float flowLitres;
float totalLitres;
String sendval,sendval2, postData;
// Update HOST URL here
#define HOST "r8aproj.000webhostapp.com" // Enter HOST URL without "http:// " and "/" at the
end of URL
#define WIFI_SSID "Tenda_" // WIFI SSID here

#define WIFI_PASSWORD "12345678" // WIFI password here
// Declare global variables which will be uploaded to server
void IRAM_ATTR pulseCounter()

{
pulseCount++;
}
40
WiFiClient client;
void setup()
{
Serial.begin(115200);
display.begin(SSD1306_SWITCHCAPVCC, 0x3C); //initialize with the I2C addr 0x3C (128x64)
display.clearDisplay();
delay(10);
pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT);
pinMode(SENSOR, INPUT_PULLUP);
pulseCount = 0;
flowRate = 0.0;
flowMilliLitres = 0;
totalMilliLitres = 0;
previousMillis = 0;
attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(SENSOR), pulseCounter, FALLING);

Serial.begin(115200);
Serial.println("Communication Started \n\n");
delay(500);
pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT); // initialize built in led on the board
WiFi.mode(WIFI_STA);
WiFi.begin(WIFI_SSID, WIFI_PASSWORD); //try to connect with wifi
Serial.print("Connecting to ");
Serial.print(WIFI_SSID);
while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED)
41
{ Serial.print(".");
delay(500); }
Serial.println();
Serial.print("Connected to ");
Serial.println(WIFI_SSID);
Serial.print("IP Address is : ");
Serial.println(WiFi.localIP()); //print local IP address
Firebase.begin(FIREBASE_HOST, FIREBASE_AUTH);
}
void loop()
{
currentMillis = millis();
if (currentMillis - previousMillis > interval)
{
pulse1Sec = pulseCount;
pulseCount = 0;
// Because this loop may not complete in exactly 1 second intervals we calculate
// the number of milliseconds that have passed since the last execution and use
// that to scale the output. We also apply the calibrationFactor to scale the output
// based on the number of pulses per second per units of measure (litres/minute in
// this case) coming from the sensor.
flowRate = ((1000.0 / (millis() - previousMillis)) * pulse1Sec) / calibrationFactor;
previousMillis = millis();
42
// Divide the flow rate in litres/minute by 60 to determine how many litres have
// passed through the sensor in this 1 second interval, then multiply by 1000 to
// convert to millilitres.
flowMilliLitres = (flowRate / 60) * 1000;
flowLitres = (flowRate / 60);
// Add the millilitres passed in this second to the cumulative total

totalMilliLitres += flowMilliLitres;
totalLitres += flowLitres;
// Print the flow rate for this second in litres / minute

Serial.print("Flow rate: ");
Serial.print(float(flowRate)); // Print the integer part of the variable
Serial.print("L/min");
Serial.print("\t"); // Print tab space
display.clearDisplay();
display.setCursor(10,0); //oled display

display.setTextSize(1);
display.setTextColor(WHITE);
display.print("Water Flow Meter");

display.print("R:");
display.print(float(flowRate));
43

display.print("L/M");
// Print the cumulative total of litres flowed since starting

Serial.print("Output Liquid Quantity: ");
Serial.print(totalMilliLitres);
Serial.print("mL / ");
Serial.print(totalLitres);
Serial.println("L");

display.print("V:");
display.print(totalLitres);
display.print("L");
display.display();
HTTPClient http; // http object of clas HTTPClient
// Convert integer variables to string

sendval = String(totalLitres);
sendval2 = String(flowRate);
Firebase.setString("User/M6hVVHd0mKQ0VnemeMhlOxBEmBv2/Volume IN/Values",sendval); //--

> Command or code to send data or update data (String data type) to the Firebase Realtime Database.
44
Firebase.setString("User/M6hVVHd0mKQ0VnemeMhlOxBEmBv2/Flow Rate IN/Values",sendval2);

//--> Command or code to send data or update data (String data type) to the Firebase Realtime Database.
Firebase.setString("User/M6hVVHd0mKQ0VnemeMhlOxBEmBv2/Volume OUT/Values",sendval);
//--> Command or code to send data or update data (String data type) to the Firebase Realtime Database.
Firebase.setString("User/M6hVVHd0mKQ0VnemeMhlOxBEmBv2/Flow Rate
OUT/Values",sendval2); //--> Command or code to send data or update data (String data type) to the
Firebase Realtime Database.
// Conditions for handling errors.
if (Firebase.failed()) {
Serial.print("Setting /Value failed :");
Serial.println(Firebase.error());
delay(5);
}
else{
Serial.println("Firebase Updated....");
Serial.println("");
}
postData = "sendval=" + sendval ;
// We can post values to PHP files as

example.com/dbwrite.php?name1=val1&name2=val2&name3=val3
// Hence created variable postDAta and stored our variables in it in desired format
// Update Host URL here:-
45
http.begin("http://r8aproj.000webhostapp.com/dbwrite.php"); // Connect to host where MySQL

databse is hosted
http.addHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"); //Specify content-type
header
int httpCode = http.POST(postData); // Send POST request to php file and store server response code
in variable named httpCode
Serial.println("Volume: " + sendval );
// if connection eatablished then do this
if (httpCode == 200) {
Serial.println("Values uploaded successfully.");
Serial.println( httpCode);
String webpage = http.getString(); // Get html webpage output and store it in a string
Serial.println(webpage + "\n");
}
// if failed to connect then return and restart
else {
Serial.println( httpCode);
Serial.println("Failed to upload values. \n");
String webpage = http.getString(); // Get html webpage output and store it in a string
Serial.println(webpage + "\n");
http.end();
return;
}
delay(1000);
digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW);
delay(1000);
digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH);
}
}
46
6.2 WEBSITE CODE
6.2.1 STYLING
body{
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
font-family: sans-serif;
background: #34495e;
.box{
width: 300px;
padding: 40px;
position: absolute;
top: 50%;
left: 50%;
transform: translate(-50%,-50%);
background: #191919;
47
text-align: center;
.box h1{
color: white;
text-transform: uppercase;
font-weight: 500;
.box input[type = "text"],.box input[type = "password"]{
border:0;
background: none;
display: block;
margin: 20px auto;
text-align: center;
border: 2px solid #3498db;
padding: 14px 10px;
48
width: 200px;
outline: none;
color: white;
border-radius: 24px;
transition: 0.25s;
.box input[type = "text"]:focus,.box input[type = "password"]:focus{
width: 280px;
border-color: #2ecc71;
.box input[type = "submit"]{
border:0;
background: none;
display: block;
margin: 20px auto;
49
text-align: center;
border: 2px solid #2ecc71;
padding: 14px 40px;
outline: none;
color: white;
transition: 0.25s;
cursor: pointer;
.box input[type = "submit"]:hover{
background: #2ecc71;
50
6.2.2 SEARCH
<html>
<head>
<title> BILL GENERATION </title>
<style>
body{
background-color: whitesmoke;
}
input{
width: 40%;
height: 5%;
border:1px;
padding: 9px 15px 8px 15px;
margin: 10px 0px 10px 0px;
box-shadow: 1px 1px 2px;
}label{
width: 40%;
height: 5%;
border:1px;
padding: 9px 15px 8px 15px;
}
</style>
51
</head>
<body>
<center>
<br><h1> User Bill Generation </h1>
<form action="" method="POST">
<input type="text" name="id" placeholder="Enter Customer ID"/><br/>
<input type="submit" name="search" value="Search Data">
</form>
<?php
$host = "localhost";
$user = "id16795764_r8aproject";
$password = "?Km#W2{%g^gyp8ag";
$db_name = "id16795764_r8a";
$con = mysqli_connect($host, $user, $password, $db_name);

if(mysqli_connect_errno())
{
die("Failed to connect with MySQL: ". mysqli_connect_error());
}
if(isset($_POST['search']))
{
$id = $_POST['id'];
$query= "SELECT * FROM abc WHERE id='$id'";

$query_run = mysqli_query($con,$query);
while ($row = mysqli_fetch_array($query_run))
52
{ ?>
<form action="" method="POST">
<br><label for="id"> Customer ID </label>
<br> <input type="text" name="id" value= "<?php echo $row['id'] ?>"/ >
<br> <label for="id"> Customer Name </label>
<br><input type="text" name="name" value= "<?php echo $row['name'] ?>" / >
<br><label for="id"> Usage </label>
<br> <input type="text" name="volume" value= "<?php echo $row['volume'] ?>"/ >
<br><label for="id"> Bill Amount </label>
<br><input type="text" name="amount" value= "<?php echo $row['amount'] ?>"/ >
</form>
<?php
}
?>
</center>
</body>
</html>
53
6.2.3 CONNECTION
<?php $host = "localhost";$user = "id16795764_r8aproject";$password =

"?Km#W2{%g^gyp8ag";$db_name = "id16795764_r8a";$con = mysqli_connect($host, $user,
$password, $db_name);if(mysqli_connect_errno()){die("Failed to connect with MySQL: ".
mysqli_connect_error());}?>
6.2.4 DB-READ
<?php
$host = "localhost"; // host = localhost because database hosted on the same server where PHP files
are hosted
$dbname = "id16795764_r8a"; // Database name
$username = "id16795764_r8aproject"; // Database username
$password = "?Km#W2{%g^gyp8ag"; // Database password
// Establish connection to MySQL database

$conn = new mysqli($host, $username, $password, $dbname);
// Check if connection established successfully

if ($conn->connect_error) {
die("Connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error);
}
else { echo "Connected to mysql database. <br>"; }
54
// Select values from MySQL database table
$sql = "SELECT volume FROM abc"; // Update your tablename here
$result = $conn->query($sql);
echo "<center>";
if ($result->num_rows > 0) {
// output data of each row

while($row = $result->fetch_assoc()) {
echo " <strong> val: </strong> " . $row["volume"];
}
} else {
echo "0 results";
}
echo "</center>";
$conn->close();
?>
55
6.2.5 DB-WRITE
<?php
$host = "localhost"; // host = localhost because database hosted on the same server where PHP
files are hosted
$dbname = "id16795764_r8a"; // Database name
$username = "id16795764_r8aproject"; // Database username
$password = "?Km#W2{%g^gyp8ag"; // Database password
// Establish connection to MySQL database

$conn = new mysqli($host, $username, $password, $dbname);
// Check if connection established successfully

if ($conn->connect_error) {
die("Connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error);
}
else { echo "Connected to mysql database. "; }
// If values send by NodeMCU are not empty then insert into MySQL database table
if(!empty($_POST['sendval']) )
{
$volume = $_POST['sendval'];
// Update your tablename here

$sql = "UPDATE abc SET volume= '".$volume."',amount= '".$volume."'*10 WHERE id=123";
56
if ($conn->query($sql) === TRUE) {

echo "Values inserted in MySQL database table.";
} else {
echo "Error: " . $sql . "<br>" . $conn->error;
}
}
// Close MySQL connection
$conn->close();
?>
6.2.6 INDEX
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" dir="ltr">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Billing Login </title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">
</head>
<body>
<form action = "authentication.php" onsubmit = "return validation()" method = "POST" >
57
<fieldset class="box" action="index.html" method="post" >
<h1>Login</h1>
<input type="text" name="user" placeholder="Username">
<input type="password" name="pass" placeholder="Password">
<input type="submit" name="" value="Login">
</fieldset>
</form>
<script>
function validation()
var id=document.f1.user.value;
var ps=document.f1.pass.value;
if(id.length=="" && ps.length=="") {
alert("User Name and Password fields are empty");
return false;
58
else
if(id.length=="") {
alert("User Name is empty");
return false;
if (ps.length=="") {
alert("Password field is empty");
return false;
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
59
6.2.7 AUTHENTICATION
<?php
include('connection.php');
$redirect_to_url="../search.php";
$username = $_POST['user'];
$password = $_POST['pass'];
//to prevent from mysqli injection
$username = stripcslashes($username);
$password = stripcslashes($password);
$username = mysqli_real_escape_string($con, $username);
$password = mysqli_real_escape_string($con, $password);
$sql = "select *from login where username = '$username' and password = '$password'";
$result = mysqli_query($con, $sql);
$row = mysqli_fetch_array($result, MYSQLI_ASSOC);
$count = mysqli_num_rows($result);
if($count == 1){
60
//echo "<h1><center> Login successful </center></h1>";
header("Location: ".$redirect_to_url);
echo "You are being redirected. Click <a href=\"".$redirect_to_url."\">here</a> if it doesn\'t

happen automatically.";
die();
else{
echo "<h1> Login failed. Invalid username or password.</h1>";
?>
61
6.3 APPLICATION CODE
6.3.1 MAIN ACTIVITY
package com.example.finalproject;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Patterns;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import com.google.android.gms.tasks.OnCompleteListener;
import com.google.android.gms.tasks.Task;
import com.google.firebase.auth.AuthResult;
import com.google.firebase.auth.FirebaseAuth;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {

private TextView register;
private EditText editTextTextPersonName,editTextTextPassword2;
62
private Button button3;

private FirebaseAuth mAuth;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
register = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_register);

register.setOnClickListener(this);
editTextTextPersonName = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editTextTextPersonName);

editTextTextPassword2 = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editTextTextPassword2);
button3 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button3);
button3.setOnClickListener(this);
mAuth = FirebaseAuth.getInstance();
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
switch(v.getId()){
case R.id.tv_register:
startActivity(new Intent(MainActivity.this,Registration.class));
break;
case R.id.button3:
home();
break;
63
}
private void home(){
String email = editTextTextPersonName.getText().toString().trim();
String password = editTextTextPassword2.getText().toString().trim();
if (email.isEmpty()){
editTextTextPersonName.setError("Email is Required");
editTextTextPersonName.requestFocus();
return;
}
if (!Patterns.EMAIL_ADDRESS.matcher(email).matches()){
editTextTextPersonName.setError("enter valid e-mail");
editTextTextPersonName.requestFocus();
return;
}
if (password.isEmpty()){
editTextTextPassword2.setError("Password is required");
editTextTextPassword2.requestFocus();
}
mAuth.signInWithEmailAndPassword(email,password).addOnCompleteListener(new
OnCompleteListener<AuthResult>() {
@Override
public void onComplete(@NonNull Task<AuthResult> task) {
if (task.isSuccessful()){
64
//redirect to home
startActivity(new Intent(MainActivity.this,Home.class));
}
else {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"Incorrect mail Id or
Password",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
}
});
6.3.2 HOME
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import android.view.animation.Animation;
import android.view.animation.AnimationUtils;
65
public class Home extends AppCompatActivity {

Button level,usage;
Animation scaleup,scaledown;
Button logout;
@SuppressLint("ClickableViewAccessibility")
@Override
setContentView(R.layout.activity_home);
level = (Button) findViewById(R.id.level);

usage = (Button) findViewById(R.id.usage);
logout = findViewById(R.id.logout);
scaleup = AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(this,R.anim.scale_up);
scaledown = AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(this,R.anim.scale_down);
logout.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
FirebaseAuth.getInstance().signOut();
66
startActivity(new Intent(Home.this,MainActivity.class));
}
});
level.setOnTouchListener(new View.OnTouchListener() {
@Override
public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
if (event.getAction()==MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN ){
level.startAnimation(scaleup);
}
else if (event.getAction()==MotionEvent.ACTION_UP ){
level.startAnimation(scaledown);
startActivity(new Intent(Home.this,Level.class));
return false;
}
});
usage.setOnTouchListener(new View.OnTouchListener() {
@Override
public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
if (event.getAction()==MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN ){
usage.startAnimation(scaleup);
}
67
else if (event.getAction()==MotionEvent.ACTION_UP ){
usage.startAnimation(scaledown);
startActivity(new Intent(Home.this,Usage.class));
}
return false;
}
});
}
}
6.3.3 USER
public class User {

public String fname, email, number, c_id;
public User() {
}
public User(String fname, String email, String number, String c_id) {
this.fname = fname;
this.email = email;
this.number = number;
this.c_id = c_id;
}
}
68
6.3.4 REGISTRATION
import android.renderscript.Sampler;
import android.util.Patterns;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.ProgressBar;
import android.widget.Toast;
import com.google.android.gms.tasks.OnCompleteListener;
import com.google.android.gms.tasks.Task;
import com.google.firebase.auth.AuthResult;
import com.google.firebase.database.FirebaseDatabase;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
public class Registration extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {

private FirebaseAuth mAuth;
private TextView textView;
69
private EditText
editTextTextPersonName2,editTextTextPersonName3,editTextNumber,editTextTextEmailAddress,edit
TextTextPassword,editTextTextPassword1;
private Button button2;
private ProgressBar progressBar;
@Override
setContentView(R.layout.activity_registration);
mAuth = FirebaseAuth.getInstance();
textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView);
textView.setOnClickListener(this);
button2 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button2);

button2.setOnClickListener(this);
editTextTextPersonName2 =(EditText) findViewById(R.id.editTextTextPersonName2);

editTextTextPersonName3 =(EditText) findViewById(R.id.editTextTextPersonName3);
editTextNumber = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editTextNumber);
editTextTextEmailAddress = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editTextTextEmailAddress);
editTextTextPassword = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editTextTextPassword);
editTextTextPassword1 = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editTextTextPassword1);
progressBar = (ProgressBar) findViewById(R.id.progressBar);

progressBar.setVisibility(View.GONE);
70
@SuppressLint("NonConstantResourceId")
@Override
switch (v.getId()){
case R.id.textView:
startActivity(new Intent(this,MainActivity.class));
break;
case R.id.button2:
registeruser();
}
private void registeruser()

{
String email = editTextTextEmailAddress.getText().toString().trim();
String password = editTextTextPassword.getText().toString().trim();
String recheck = editTextTextPassword1.getText().toString().trim();
String name = editTextTextPersonName2.getText().toString().trim();
String number = editTextNumber.getText().toString().trim();
String c_id = editTextTextPersonName3.getText().toString().trim();
if (name.isEmpty()){
editTextTextPersonName2.setError("Name is required");
editTextTextPersonName2.requestFocus();
return;
}
if (c_id.isEmpty()){
editTextTextPersonName3.setError("Custommer ID is required");
71
editTextTextPersonName3.requestFocus();
return;
}
if (number.isEmpty()){
editTextNumber.setError("Number is required");
editTextNumber.requestFocus();
return;
}
if (email.isEmpty()){
editTextTextEmailAddress.setError("Email is required");
editTextTextEmailAddress.requestFocus();
return;
}
if(!Patterns.EMAIL_ADDRESS.matcher(email).matches()){
editTextTextEmailAddress.setError("pease provide valid e-mail id");
editTextTextEmailAddress.requestFocus();
}
if (password.isEmpty()) {
editTextTextPassword.setError("Password is required");
editTextTextPassword.requestFocus();
return;
}
if (password.length()<6) {
editTextTextPassword.setError("Minimum 6 character required");
editTextTextPassword.requestFocus();
return;
}
if (!recheck.equals(password)){
editTextTextPassword1.setError("Password does not match");
72
editTextTextPassword1.requestFocus();
}
mAuth.createUserWithEmailAndPassword(email,password)
.addOnCompleteListener(new OnCompleteListener<AuthResult>() {
@Override
public void onComplete(@NonNull Task<AuthResult> task) {
User user = new User(name,email,number,c_id);
FirebaseDatabase.getInstance().getReference("User")
.child(FirebaseAuth.getInstance().getCurrentUser().getUid())
.setValue(user).addOnCompleteListener(new OnCompleteListener<Void>() {
@Override
public void onComplete(@NonNull Task<Void> task) {
Toast.makeText(Registration.this,"User has registered
succesfully",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
progressBar.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
startActivity(new Intent(Registration.this,MainActivity.class));
//redirect to login layout
}
else {
Toast.makeText(Registration.this,"Failed to Register, Try
again",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
}
});
73
}else {
Toast.makeText(Registration.this,"Failed to Register, Try
again",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
}
});
6.3.5 LEVEL
import android.widget.Adapter;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.ListView;
74
import com.google.firebase.auth.FirebaseUser;
import com.google.firebase.database.DataSnapshot;
import com.google.firebase.database.DatabaseError;
import com.google.firebase.database.DatabaseReference;
import com.google.firebase.database.FirebaseDatabase;
import com.google.firebase.database.ValueEventListener;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Objects;
public class Level extends AppCompatActivity {
private ListView listview,listview1,listview2,listview3;

private FirebaseUser user;
private String userID;
private DatabaseReference reference,reference1,reference2,reference3;
@Override
setContentView(R.layout.activity_level);
user = FirebaseAuth.getInstance().getCurrentUser();
assert user != null;
userID = user.getUid();
listview = findViewById(R.id.listview);
75
listview1 = findViewById(R.id.listview1);
final ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<>();

final ArrayList<String> list1 = new ArrayList<>();
final ArrayAdapter adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,R.layout.list_item,list);

final ArrayAdapter adapter1 = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,R.layout.list_item,list1);
listview.setAdapter(adapter);
reference = FirebaseDatabase.getInstance().getReference().child("User").child(userID).child("Flow
Rate IN");
reference.addValueEventListener(new ValueEventListener() {
@Override
public void onDataChange(@NonNull DataSnapshot snapshot) {
list.clear();
for (DataSnapshot snapshot1 : snapshot.getChildren()){
list.add(Objects.requireNonNull(snapshot1.getValue()).toString());
}
adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
76
@Override
public void onCancelled(@NonNull DatabaseError error) {
}
});
listview1.setAdapter(adapter1);
reference1 =
FirebaseDatabase.getInstance().getReference().child("User").child(userID).child("Volume IN");
reference1.addValueEventListener(new ValueEventListener() {
@Override
list1.clear();
list1.add(Objects.requireNonNull(snapshot1.getValue()).toString());
}
adapter1.notifyDataSetChanged();
}
@Override
}
});
77
reference2 =
FirebaseDatabase.getInstance().getReference().child("User").child(userID).child("Flow Rate OUT");
@Override
list2.clear();
}
}
@Override
}
});
reference3 =
FirebaseDatabase.getInstance().getReference().child("User").child(userID).child("Volume OUT");
@Override
list3.clear();
78
}
}
@Override
}
});
}
}
6.3.6 LOGIN UI
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="@drawable/gradient"
tools:context=".MainActivity">
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/imageView2"
android:layout_width="97dp"
android:layout_height="120dp"
79
android:contentDescription="@string/todo"
android:translationX="150dp"
android:translationY="100dp"
app:srcCompat="@drawable/wms" />
<EditText
android:id="@+id/editTextTextPersonName"
android:autofillHints=""
android:background="#11000000"
android:drawableStart="@drawable/ic_action_name"
android:drawableLeft="@drawable/ic_action_name"
android:ems="10"
android:hint="@string/username"
android:inputType="textPersonName"
android:textColorHint="#aaaaaa"
android:textColor="#fff"
android:textSize="16sp"
android:translationY="275dp" />
<EditText
android:id="@+id/editTextTextPassword2"
android:ems="10"
80
android:hint="@string/password"
android:textColorHint="#aaaaaa"
android:background="#11000000"
android:inputType="textPassword"
android:drawableStart="@drawable/ic_action_pass"
android:drawableLeft="@drawable/ic_action_pass" />
<androidx.cardview.widget.CardView
app:cardCornerRadius="250dp"
app:cardElevation="10dp"
app:cardBackgroundColor="#D800BCD4" >
<RelativeLayout
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<Button
android:id="@+id/button3"
android:background="#D800BCD4"
81
android:elevation="10dp"
android:fontFamily="monospace"
android:text="@string/login"
android:textColor="#000"
android:textStyle="bold"
app:backgroundTint="#00BCD4"
tools:targetApi="lollipop" />
</RelativeLayout>
</androidx.cardview.widget.CardView>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/tv_register"
android:text="@string/register_here"
android:textAppearance="@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat.Small"
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textView8"
android:text="@string/forgot_password"
android:textColor="@android:color/background_light"
82
</RelativeLayout>
6.3.7 REGISTRATION UI

tools:context=".Registration">
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textView"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@string/user_register"
android:textColor="#00BCD4"
android:textColorHint="#00BCD4"
<EditText
83
android:id="@+id/editTextTextPersonName2"
android:ems="10"
android:hint="@string/name"
android:textColorHint="#83FFFFFF"
<EditText
android:id="@+id/editTextTextPersonName3"
android:ems="10"
android:hint="@string/customer_id"
<EditText
android:id="@+id/editTextNumber"
84
android:ems="10"
android:hint="@string/mobile_number"
android:inputType="number"
<EditText
android:id="@+id/editTextTextEmailAddress"
android:ems="10"
android:hint="@string/email_id"
android:inputType="textEmailAddress"
<EditText
android:id="@+id/editTextTextPassword"
85
android:ems="10"
android:hint="@string/password"
<EditText
android:id="@+id/editTextTextPassword1"
android:ems="10"
android:hint="@string/confirm_password"
<Button
android:id="@+id/button2"
android:shadowRadius="20"
android:text="@string/register_user"
86
app:backgroundTint="#DC00BCD4"
app:cornerRadius="250dp"
app:elevation="20dp" />
<ProgressBar
android:id="@+id/progressBar"
style="?android:attr/progressBarStyle"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:visibility="visible" />
</RelativeLayout>
6.3.8 HOME UI

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
87
android:gravity="center"
android:orientation="vertical"
tools:context=".Home">
<Button
android:id="@+id/level"
android:background="@drawable/button_background"
android:text="@string/level"
android:textAlignment="center"
app:backgroundTintMode="multiply" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/usage"
android:layout_marginTop="70dp"
android:background="@drawable/button_background"
android:text="@string/usage"
88
app:backgroundTintMode="multiply" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/logout"
android:textColor="@color/teal_700"
android:background="@color/teal_700"
android:translationY="-430dp"
app:drawableTopCompat="@drawable/ic_action_logout" />
</LinearLayout>
6.3.9 LEVEL UI

android:id="@+id/inrate"
89
android:background="@drawable/gradient">
<ListView
android:id="@id/listview"
android:layout_marginBottom="10dp"
android:cacheColorHint="#FFFFFF"
android:gravity="center_horizontal"
android:padding="10dp"
<TextView
android:id="@+id/tv_frate"
android:text="@string/flow_rate_in"
android:textColor="@color/white"
<ListView
90
android:id="@+id/listview1"
<TextView
android:id="@+id/tv_volume"
android:text="@string/volume_in"
<ListView
91
<TextView
android:id="@+id/tv_ofrate"
android:text="@string/flow_rate_out"
<ListView
92
<TextView
android:id="@+id/tv_outvolume"
android:text="@string/volume_out"
</RelativeLayout>
6.3.10 UASAGE UI

93
tools:context=".Usage"
android:orientation="vertical">
<com.jjoe64.graphview.GraphView
android:id="@+id/graph"
android:background="@color/white"
<TextView
android:id="@+id/lable"
android:text="@string/data_tracker"
android:textAllCaps="true"
android:textColor="@color/teal_200"
</RelativeLayout>
94
CHAPTER 7
TESTING
7.1 OUTPUT SCREEN
7.1.1 Application
Fig 16. Use Registration Fig17. Login Screen
95
Fig 18. Level & Usage Fig 19. Level Tracking
96
Fig 20. Data Tracking
97
7.1.2 Website
Fig 21. Login Screen
98
Fig 22. Search Bar
99
Fig 23. User Details Page
100
7.2 HARDWARE CONNECTIVITY
Fig 24. Hardware Setup
101
CHAPTER 8
CONCLUSION
A novel system for implementing an economic and reliable smart water distribution metering using IoT
based hardware, database and a smartphone App is discussed. The novel approach overcomes
disadvantages in certain smart-meter systems such as tampering in pre-paid water-meters that often go
undetected due to standalone nature of pre-paid meters; tampering or unauthorized Top-Up updates to
pre-paid meter smartcards using hacking software, etc. The work is being extended to cover a range of
Distribution metering and Unaccounted for Water issues faced by utilities while giving direct and
intangible gains to the consumers in the changing smart infrastructure scenario in urban areas.
102
REFERENCES
1. https://www.smartdraw.com/
2. https://creately.com/
3. https://in.000webhost.com/
4.https://developer.android.android.com/studio
5.https://sasthrytech.com
6.www.stackoverflow.com
7.www.google.com
8. www.arduino.cc
9.phpmyadmin.net
103

Project Report 1

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Project Report 1

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Project report 2020-21 Smart Wireless Water Meter with Web Database

SMART WIRELESS WATER METER WITH WEB DATABASE

Computer Science and Engineering

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Place: Kadayiruppu Akshay J

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING,

HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT PROJECT GUIDE PROJECT COORDINATOR

Submitted for the University Evaluation on ……………………………………….

Internal Examiner External Examiner

CHAPTER 2. LITERATURE SURVEY……………………………………………………………...16

5.2 HARDWARE DESIGN……………………………………………………………………28

5.3 DATAFLOW DIAGRAM………………………………………………………………....29

6.3.6 LOGIN UI……………………………………………………………………….79

CHAPTER 7. TESTING …………………………………………………………………………….95

No. Title Page Number

No. Title Page Number

2 ESP8266 Pin Configuration 21

7 Data Flow Diagram 29

11 Use case Diagram 1 35

12 Use case Diagram 2 35

13 Use case Diagram 3 36

18 Level & Usage Screen 96

23 User Details Screen 100

4 GPIO General Purpose Input/Output

5 SPI Serial Peripheral Interface

6 UART Universal Asynchronous

8 SVM Smart Water Meter

9 HTML Hyper Text Markup Language

10 PHP Hypertext Preprocessor

11 CSS Cascading Style Sheets

1.1 GENERAL BACKGROUND

1.4 INTRODUCTION TO TOPIC

• Real-time web-based monitoring

2.1 AUTOMATED WATER USAGE MONITORING SYSTEM

2.2 WATER LEVEL MONITORING SYSTEM USING IOT

2.3 WATER LEVEL MONITORING ULTRASONIC SENSOR

2.4 CONVENTIONAL WATER METER SYSTEM

2.5 COMPARISON TABLE

CHARACTERIS- CONVENTIONAL AUTOMATED WATER ULTRA- SMART

cost High Moderate Moderate Moderate Less

Water Wastage More More More More Less

User Less Less Less Less More

Smart Alerts No Yes No No Yes

Table 1. Comparison Between Existing and Proposed System

3.1.1 Pin Configurations

Fig 2. ESP8266 Pin Configuration

❖ Control Pins – EN, RST

✓ Used to measure analog voltage in the range of 0-3.3 V

❖ SPI Pins – SD1, CMD, SD0, CLK

❖ UART Pins – TXD0, RXD0, TXD2, RXD2

❖ Analog Input Pins: 1

3.2 FLOW SENSOR

Fig 3. Flow Sensor

3.3 OLED DISPLAY

Fig 4. OLED Display

An organic light-emitting diode (OLED or organic LED), also known as organic

4.1 SOFTWARE SPECIFICATIONS

• Platform: Android Studio

4.2 HARDWARE SPECIFICATIONS

• Working Voltage: DC 5V~15V

• Resolution: 128*64 pixels

4.3 FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS

4.4 NON-FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS