Park Ridge School of Montessori Incorporated

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Park Ridge School of Montessori Incorporated

Camias, San Miguel, Bulacan


LEARNING KIT 1- MATHEMATICS 8
Solving Systems of Linear Equations in Two variables
October 4-8,2021
Name:______________________________________ Grade Level & Section:________________

Expectations
At the end of this module, you will be able to:
1. Solves problems involving systems of linear equations in two variables by (a) graphing; (b)
substitution; (c) elimination.

Exploration

Answer Gear up activity, page 147

Explanation

Read pages 148-170.


Solving Systems of Linear Equations in Two variables graphically
Solving Systems of Linear Equations in Two variables by Substitution Method
Solving Systems of Linear Equations in Two variables by Elimination Method

Exercises

Answer Firm Up, pages 154-155.


Firm Up and Deepen Your Understanding, pages 163-164

Elaboration
After one week, what have you learned in this module? How to solve linear equation by substitution and
elimination method?

Evaluation

Answer Firm Up and Deepen Your Understanding, page 171


Park Ridge School of Montessori Incorporated
Camias, San Miguel, Bulacan
LEARNING KIT 2- MATHEMATICS 8
Understanding Linear Inequalities in Two Variables
October 18-22, 2021
Name:______________________________________ Grade Level & Section:________________

Expectations
At the end of this module, you will be able to:
1. Differentiates linear inequalities in two variables from linear equations in two variables.
2. Illustrates and graphs linear inequalities in two variables.

Exploration

Answer Gear up activity, page 174

Graph the solution

Explanation
Read pages 174-178.
Illustrating Linear Inequalities in Two variables

Exercises

Answer Firm Up, page 179


Elaboration
Write the steps in sketching the graph of inequality.

Evaluation

Answer Deepen Your Understanding, pages 179-180


Park Ridge School of Montessori Incorporated
Camias, San Miguel, Bulacan
LEARNING KIT 3- MATHEMATICS 8
Solving Systems of Linear Equations in Two Variables
October 25-29, 2021

Name:______________________________________ Grade Level & Section:________________

Expectations

At the end of this module, you will be able to:


1. Solves problems involving systems of linear inequalities in two variables

Exploration

Answer Gear up activity, page 181

Put a check if a point is a solution to the linear inequality.

Explanation
Read pages 181-190.

Solving Systems of Linear Equations in Two Variables


Solving Problems involving Linear Inequalities in Two Variables
Exercises

Answer Firm Up and Deepen Your Understanding, pages 185-186

Elaboration

Write the steps in solving the linear inequalities in two variables.

Evaluation
Answers page 187. Gear Up activity 1-10
Park Ridge School ofMontessori Incorporated
Camias, San Miguel, Bulacan
LEARNING KIT 1 – EDUKASYON SA PAGPAPAKATAO 8
Kapwa ko, Mahal Ko
Oktubre 4-8, 2021

Pangalan: ___________________________ Baitang at Pangkatin: ________________

Ating Alamin
Sa pagtatapos ng modyul na ito, inaasahan na ang mga mag-aaral ay:
1. Nahihinuha na: Ang tao ay likas na panlipunang nilalang, kaya’t nakikipag-ugnayan siya sa kanyang
kapwa upang malinang siya sa aspetong intelektwal, panlipunan, pangkabuhayan, at politikal. Ang
birtud ng katarungan (justice) at pagmamahal (charity) ay kailangan sa pagpapatatag ng
pakikipagkapwa Ang pagiging ganap niyang tao ay matatamo sa paglilingkod sa kapwa - ang tunay
na Naisasagawa ang isang gawaing tutugon sa pangangailangan ng mga mag-aaral o kabataan sa
paaralan o pamayanan sa aspetong intelektwal, panlipunan, pangkabuhayan, o pulitikal

Ating Tuklasin

Lagyan ng butuin ang mga kilos na iyong ginagawa bilang gawi sa pakikipagkapwa.

_______ 1. Sumasali sa mga proyekto ng kawanggawa


_______ 2. Nagbibigay ng magandang mungkahi.
_______ 3. Naninisi sa may kagagawan ng isang problema.
_______ 4. Nakikinig sa mga payo.
_______ 5. Tinatago sa sarili ang suliranin.
_______ 6. Tumutugon sa mga nangangailangan sa abot ng makakaya.
_______ 7. Gumagawa ng paraang magbigay ng oras kung kinakailangan.
_______ 8.Kumikilos agad sa panahon ng hindi inaasahang pangyayari.

Ating Aralin

Likas at karaniwan lamang para sa isang normal na tao ang pakikipag-ugnayan sa kapwa. Ang mabuting
pakIkipaguglaya Sa Kapwa nang nmay pagpapahalaga, maayos na pakikisalamuha sa ibang tao nang walang
halong pagkukunwari, at pagbibigay ng tulong nang buong puso nang hindi naghahangad ng kapalit
(charity) ay ang tunay na kahulugan ng pakikipagkapwa.
Bunga ng pakikipagkapwa ang pagkahubog ng aspektong intelektuwal, panlipunan, pangkabuhayan,
at pulitikal ng isang indibidwal. Nasusuri ang uri ng pagkatao sa kung paano ang kanyang pakikipagkapwa.
Mahalagang maipaganap ang birtud ng katarungan (justice) at pagmamahal sa pagpapatatag ng
pakikipagkapwa.
Pakikipagkapwa lamang ang susi ng pagiging ganap na tao at indikasyon ito ng pagmamahalan sa
isa't isa na siyang utos ng Diyos sa tao. Malilinang ang aspektong intelektuwal, panlipunan, pulitikal, at
pangkabuhayan ng tao sa mga impluwensiya ng kapwa tao at sa mga karanasan kasama sila. Ang pakikipag-
ugnayan na walang pagkukunwari at pagbibigay ng kabutihan ng buong puso ay ang tunay na kahulugan ng
pakikipagkapwa. Lahat tayo ay kailangan ang isa't isa upang mabuhay sa pagpapala ng iisang Diyos na
Maykapal. Kapwa ko, mahal ko!
Ating Gawin

A. Sa iyong sariling opinyon, ipaliwanag ang iyong pagkakaunaWa sa mga pangungusap sa ibaba.
1. Ang tao ay likas na panlipunang nilalang.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2. Nagiging ganap lamang ang pagkatao at nagiging magiting kapaggumagawa ng kabutihan sa kapwa-
tao.
_________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

3. Ang pagtulong sa kapwa ay hindi utos kundi ginagawa ito ng kusa.


_________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

4. Pagmamahalan ang ugat ng tunay na pakikipagkapwa.


_________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

5. Sa pakikipagkapwa lamang nalilinang ang kaganapan ng pagkatao.


_________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

Ating Isipin

Pagkilala sa Kabutihan8 Dulot ng Pakikipagkapwa


Ang susi sa kaganapat i8 Pag-lral ng tao sa mundo ay ang bukal sa loob na paggawa ng kabutihan sa
kapwa. Hindi mabubuo ang pagkatao kung walang malasakit sa kapwa.

Tapusin ang mga pangungusapayon sa iyong natutuhan sa aralin.

1 Angbirtud ng katarungarn ay kailangan sa pagpapatatag ng pakikipagkapwa


dahil________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

2. Mahalaga ang birtud ng pagmamahal sa pagpapatatag ng pakikipagkapwa


dahil________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

3. Angibig sabihin ng "kapwa ko, mahal ko" sa kahalagaharn ng pakikipagkapwa


ay__________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
Ating Subukin

A. Iguhit o ilarawan kung paano mo minamahal ang iyong kapwa sa pagpapatatag ng pakikipagkapwa.
B. Ipaliwanag ang ibig mong ipahiwatig sa iyong iginuhit.
Park Ridge School ofMontessori Incorporated
Camias, San Miguel, Bulacan
LEARNING KIT 2 – EDUKASYON SA PAGPAPAKATAO 8
Kaibigang Tunay
Oktubre 11-15, 2021

Pangalan:__________________________________ Baitang at Pangkatin:________________

Ating Alamin
Sa pagtatapos ng modyul na ito, inaasahan na ang mga mag-aaral ay:
1. Natutukoy ang mga taong itinuturing niyang kaibigan at ang mga natutuhan niya mula sa mga ito
2. Nasusuri ang kanyang mga pakikipagkaibigan batay sa tatlong uri ng pakikipagkaibigan ayon kay
Aristotle

Ating Tuklasin

Sagutin nang matapat ang sumusunod na mga tanong.


1. Magbigay ng pangalan ng isa mong kaibigan. Ilarawan mo siya sa tatlong pangungusap.
2. Ano ang kahalagalhan ng iyong kaibigan sa iyong buhay? Isalaysay ang ang iyong sagot.
3. Ano ang iyong palagay sa pagkikipagkaibigan noong wala ka pang itinuturing na kaibigan?
4. Mayroon ka bang mabuting natututuhan sa pakikipagkaibigan? Magbigay ng halimbawa.
5. Kailan mo masasabing ang kaibigan mo ay tunay na kaibigan?

Ating Aralin

Ano ang kahulugan ng tunay na kaibigan?


Ang kaibigan ay isang taong mayr0on kang malalim na pakikipag-ugnayan at pakikipagkapwa-tao.
Maaaring kadugo o hindi ang isang kaibigan, ngunit itinuturing mong hindi iba sa iyo kahit wala kayong
kaugnayarn sa isa't isa dahil siya ay maaasahan sa lahat ng oras, kasama sa lungkot at saya, at karamay
kailanman. Ito ang tunay na kaibigan.
Ang pagmamahal sa kapwa, maging sinuman siya ay nag-uugat sa pakikipagkapwa na sa kalaunan at
dala ng malalim na pinagsamahan ay nauuwi sa pagkakaibigan. Ang pagtutulungan at pagbibigayan nang
walang hinihinging kapalit ay ang tunay na diwa ng pakikipagkaibigan. Bilang tao, mahalagang magkaroon
ng tunay na kaibigan dahil sa walang sinuman ang nabubuhay para sa sarili lamang kundi para sa isa't isa.

Ang pakikipagkaibigan ay pakikipag-ugnayan sa kapwa nang may mabuting hangarin at pagmamahal. Ayon
nga kay Aristotle, ang tunay na pakikipagkaibigan ay nangyayari lamang sa pagitan ng mabubuting tao dahil
hinahangad nila ang ikabubuti ng kaibigan at hindi ang kasiyahang naidudulot o silbi nito sa kanila, Ang
mabuting tao ay may pagpapahalaga sa kaibigan tulad ng pagpapahalaga sa sarili.
May tatlong uri ng pakikipagkaibigan ayon kay Aristotle:
1. Pakikipagkaibigang nakabatay sa pangangailangan
Dahil lamang sa pangangailangan kaya itinuring na kaibigan. Gaya halimbawa ng mga sitwasyon
sa paaralan na kinakaibigan ang isang matalino at masipag sa pag-aaral upang magpatulong lamang sa mga
takdang-aralin at gawain sa klase ngunit sa oras na matapos na ang pangangailangan dito ay natatapos na
rin ang pagkakaibigan. Madalas ang ganitong uri ng pagkakaibigan ay hindi nagtatagal. Ngunit mayroon din
namang nananatiling magkaibigan dahil sa pagtanaw ng utang na loob.
2. Pakikipagkaibigang nakabatay sa pansariling kasiyahan
Ito ay karaniwan sa mga kabataan dahil hindi pa ganap ang gulang at karunungan nila na ang
damdamin pa at kapusukan ang mas nangingibabaw, Sa panahong ito ay masidhi ang pagnanais nila na
laging makasama ang taong nakapagpapasaya sa kanila kaya itinuturing nila itong kaibigan. Minsan, dito rin
nagsisimula ang pag-iibigan dahil sa pagnanais na laging magkapiling.
3. Pakikipagkaibigang nakabatay sa kabutihan
Higit na mabilis at madali lamang makipagkaibigan ngunit ang pagiging tunay na magkaibigan ay
kailangan ng panahon upang magkakilala nang lubusan ang isa't isa at ang mga pagsubok upang maging
matibay ang pagkakaibigan. Ang pagiging mabuti at may pagmamahal sa kaibigan ang nagpapatatag ng
ugnayan na ito. Gayundin, napasasaya ng magkaibigan ang isa't isa sapagkat ang kabutihan ay
nakapagbibigay ng lubos na kasiyahan. Hindi karaniwan ang ganitong uri ng pagkakaibigan. Batayan ng
kabutihan at pagmamahal ang pagpapatawad. Sa anumang ugnayan, hindi maiiwasan ang magkaroon ng
paminsan-minsang hindi pagkakaunawaan. Dito nasusubok at nalilinang ang ganap na lalim ng antas ng
pakikipag-ugnayan. Ang paghingi ng tawad ay hindi nangangahulugang Kaninaan bagkus ito ay
nagpapatunay ng kalakasan ng loob sapagkat ang pag-amin ng kamalian ay napakahirap tanggapin sa sarili,
Ang tunay na pagkakaibigan ay tumatanggap ng pagkakamali, kababaang loob, at numihingi ng tawad sa
kamaliang nagawa. Sa kabilang banda naman ay bukas ang puso at handang magpatawad alang-alang sa
pagkakaibigan.

Ating Gawin

Piliin sa panaklong ang tamang salita at punan ang pahayag.

1. Ang mga ________________ (pagsubok, pagsasaya) na lalampasan ng magkaibigan ang nagpapatibay sa


kanilang ugnayan.
2. Ang batayan ng tunay na pagmamahal ay ang ________________ (pag-uugnayan, pagpapatawad).
3. Pakikipagkaibigan batay sa ________________ (kabutihan, pangangailangan)ay nagsasabi ng "kaibigan
kita dahil kailangan kita!"
4. Pilosopiya ni ___________ (Cicero, Aristotle) ang tatlong uri pagkakaibigan.
5. Ang batay sa sariling ______________ (kasiyahan, kabutihan) na uri ng pagkakaibigan ay hindi
nagtatagal.
6. Ang kaibigan ay _______________ (kapareha, karamay) kailanman.
7. Ang tunay na kaibigan ay kapwa ______________ (naghahangad, nagdadala) ng kabutihan para sa isa't
isa.
8. Maituturing mong una at tunay mong kaibigan ang iyong ___________ (pamilya, tahanan).
9. Ang kaibigan ay maaaring hindi _______________ (kilala, kadugo) ngunit itinuturing mong hindi iba sa
iyo.
10. Ang paghingi ng kapatawaran ay tanda ng _______________ (karuwagan, kalakasan ng loob).

Ating Isipin

Sa buong katapatan, ikaw ba ay isang tunay na kaibigan? Paano mo ito nasabi? Ipaliwanag ang sagot.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Ating Subukin

Pumili ng isa sa tatlong uri ng pagkakaibigan at sumulat ng maikling kuwento


tungkol dito.
1. Pakikipagkaibigan batay sa pangangailangan
2. Pakikipagkaibigan batay sa sariling kasiyahan
3. Pakikipagkaibigan batay sa kabutihan
Rubrik Para sa Pagsulat ng Maikling Kuwento
Park Ridge School ofMontessori Incorporated
Camias, San Miguel, Bulacan
LEARNING KIT 3 – EDUKASYON SA PAGPAPAKATAO 8
Pakikipagkaibigan: Mahalaga sa Buhay
Oktubre 18-22, 2021

Pangalan: _______________________________ Baitang at Pangkatin:________________

Ating Alamin
Sa pagtatapos ng modyul na ito, inaasahan na ang mga mag-aaral ay:
1. Nahihinuha na: Ang pakikipagkaibigan ay nakatutulong sa paghubog ng matatag na pagkakakilanlan
at pakikisalamuha sa lipunan. Maraming kabutihang naidudulot ang pagpapanatili ng mabuting
pakikipagkaibigan: ang pagpapaunlad ng pagkatao at pakikipagkapwa at pagtatamo ng mapayapang
lipunan/pamayanan. Ang pagpapatawad ay palatandaan ng pakikipagkaibigang batay sa kabutihan
at pagmamahal. Nakatutulong ito sa pagtamo ng integrasyong pansarili at pagpapaunlad ng
pakikipagkapwa.
2. Naisasagawa ang mga angkop na kilos upang mapaunlad ang pakikipagkaibigan (hal.:
pagpapatawad)

Ating Tuklasin
Sagutin ang sumusunod ayon sa iyong sariling isip at damdamin.
1. Mayroon bang nabago sa iyo o sa iyong buhay buhat ng nagkaroon ka ng kaibigan?
2. May naidudulot bang mabuti sa iyo ang pakikipagkaibigan? Ano, paano, at bakit?
3. Sa iyong palagay, ano-ano ang pananagutan natin sa kaibigan?

Ating Aralin

Bakit mahalaga ang pakikipagkaibigan sa buhay ng tao? Ano ang maidudulot


na mabuti ng pakikipagkaibigan?
Ang pakikipagkaibigan ay isang paraan ng pakikipagkapwa na may mas malalim na pakikipag-
ugnayan dahil sa mga panahon at pangyayaring pinagdaanan na magkasama bilang magkaibigan.
Pinatatatag ng panahon ang pagkakaibigan at pinatitibay ito ng mga pagsubok. Ngunit hindi lahat ng
pagkakaibigan ay nananatili. Mayroon ding nabubuwag dahil sa hindi nakakayanan ang mga hamon
ng pagkakaibigan kaya nga ba may pananagutan din sa pakikipagkaibigan. Ang pagbibigay ng sarili,
pagpapatawad, at pagmamahal ay kaakibat ng pakikipagkaibigan.
Masaya angbuhay kung mayroong kaibigan. Sa kabila ng hirap sabuhay, ang tao ay nagiging masaya
kung mayroong kaibigan na makakasama, mapagkakatiwalaan, at maaasahan sa oras ng lungkot at ligaya.
Ating Gawin

Ilarawan kung ano ang kaibigan para sa iyo. Gawing simula ang bawat titik ng KAIBIGAN.

K–
A–
I–
B–
I–
G–
A–
N-

Ating Isipin

Bakit mahalaga ang kaibigan sa buhay mo? Ipaliwanag ang iyong sagot sa limang pangungusap.

Ating Subukin

Ibigay ang hinihingi ng bawat bilang ayon sa natutuhan.

1. Tatlong uri ng pakikipagkaibigan

2. Batayan ng kabutihan at pagmamahal sa pakikipagkapwa


2. Ibig sabihin ng “Sabihin mo sa akinkung sino-sino ang kaibign mo, at sasabihin ko sa iyo kung sino
ka.”

3. tatlong kahalagahan ng pakikipagkaibigan

4. Tatlong mabuting naidudulot ng pakikipagkaibigan para sa iyo?

-
Park Ridge School of Montessori Incorporated
Camias, San Miguel, Bulacan
LEARNING KIT 1 - ENGLISH 8
Compare and Contrast
October 4-8, 2021

Name: _________________________________ Grade Level & Section: ________________

Expectations
At the end of this module, you will be able to:
1. Compare and contrast one’s beliefs/convictions with those presented in a material viewed

Exploration
What is your idea about the two pictures below?

_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________

Explanation

Compare and Contrast

Compare means to identify similarities between two or more things, persons and ideas.
Contrast means to identify differences.
A Venn diagram is a useful tool to help organize similarities and differences.
Identifying signal words makes comparing easier especially when ideas and subjects are compared
within the text.
Signal Words for Comparison

Also Just as
As well as Alike
Both Most important
Comparatively Similarly
In the same way The same as
In addition Too

Example:

Basketball and soccer are alike in that they are both ball games.

Signal Words for Contrast

Although Even though


Besides Furthermore
But However
Compare with In contrast to
Conversely Instead
Differ Less than
More than Whereas

Example:

Basketball is played in wooden floor, whereas soccer is played in artificial or natural grass surface.

Exercises

After you have read the story “Pliant like the Bamboo” by Ismael V. Mallari, compare and contrast your
ideas by stating it below the two pictures provided for you.
Elaboration

What is the importance of comparing and contrasting the ideas?

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

Evaluation

Write (T) if the statement is true or (F) if false. Write your answer before the number.

______ 1. The Filipinos cannot be compared to anything.


______ 2. The Filipinos bend and sway just like the bamboo when there are problems but still remain
standing after.
______ 3. The Filipinos are submissive but know when to act or fight.
______ 4. They never learned to fight for their freedom.
______ 5. They are dependent to other races.
______ 6. The Filipinos were once ruled by foreign conquerors.
______ 7. They are easily influenced by other people.
______ 8. They are friendly and good communicators.
______ 9. They can easily adjust to their community and environment.
______ 10. The essay gave us an idea that the Filipino identity is the product of the influences of other races.
Park Ridge School of Montessori Incorporated
Camias, San Miguel, Bulacan
LEARNING KIT 2 - ENGLISH 8
Genres of Viewing
October 11-15, 2021

Name:_________________________________ Grade Level & Section:________________

Expectations
At the end of this module, you will be able to:
1. Compare and contrast the presentation of the same topic in different viewing genres

Exploration
When you hear the word genre, what comes immediately into your mind? Choose the words
associated with the term genre from the pool of words provided below.

Sunshine Idea Organizer

genre

kind sort type category classification


style form content view literary

Explanation

Genres of Viewing

Viewing materials are things designed to be seen, viewed, or watched.

Genre is a term for any category of literature or other forms of art or literature.
Genres of Viewing Materials - compilation of group or materials all designed to be seen,
watched, or viewed.
 Movie clip
 Trailer
 Documentary
 Newsflash
 Internet-based Program
 Weather report
 Video

 Movie clip – is a short video from a longer film/movie.


 Trailer – are selected group of scenes that are shown to advertise a movie.
 News flash – is a single item of important news that is being broadcast separately.
 Weather Report – is a systematic statement of the existing and predicted weather
conditions over a specific area.
 Internet-based Program – is a program that is informative and can be discussed
through websites.
 Documentary – is a movie, a television or a radio program that provides a factual
record or report.
 Video – is a digital recording of an image or set of image.

Exercises

Identify the genre of each viewing material. Watch the video as the teacher present it to you.

Here are the choices:

Movie clip
Trailer
Documentary
News flash
Internet-base Program
Weather report
Video

1. 6.
2. 7.
3. 8.
4. 9.
5. 10.
Elaboration

Viewing helps you understand the message by seeking and checking understanding. It is classified
according to its purpose and type of information presented. The classification of viewing is called genres of
viewing.

What do you think is the most useful genre of viewing? Why do you think so?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

Would you believe that the genres of viewing can impact your study habits? In what
way?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

Evaluation

Use this log to keep track of your daily television or online viewing habits whether done at home or
at your neighbor’s place. At the end of day 5, add the viewing time for each day to discover your daily total
for viewing.
For those who do not have access to television, you may write zero in your viewing time.
Viewing
Day Show Title Notes
Time

Total Viewing Time: ________ hours and _____ minutes


Alright! You have already started logging in your Day 1. Continue filling this log until Day 5. Enjoy!
Park Ridge School of Montessori Incorporated
Camias, San Miguel, Bulacan
LEARNING KIT 3 - ENGLISH 8
Identifying Bias
October 18-22, 2021

Name:_________________________________ Grade Level & Section:________________

Expectations
At the end of this module, you will be able to:
2. Discern positive and negative messages in a material viewed.

Exploration
Give words or phrases that you can associate to the word “Bias”.

BIAS

Explanation
Identifying Bias

An important part of evaluating an author’s ethos is identifying that author’s bias. Bias is any opinion that
influences a person’s thoughts, feelings, or actions. A person can be biased against something or have a bias for
something. An author’s bias is any opinion or prejudice that affects that author’s writing and prevents the author from
being completely neutral about the topic or issue about which s/he is writing.
How to determine what an author’s bias is:
The author may state directly some of his/her biases by telling the reader his/her opinions on certain topics or
admitting that s/he has a conflict of interest or preference. But when an author does not acknowledge his/her own
bias, a skilled reader can infer what an author’s bias may be by looking at the author’s diction and use of evidence.
When looking at the author’s use of evidence, ask yourself:
 Does the author present more positive evidence for one side of an issue than the other?
 Does the author present more negative evidence for one side of an issue than the other?
These are both clues that the author may be biased for or against a particular side.

When looking at the author’s diction, ask yourself:


 Does the author use words with more negative connotations when referring to one side of an issue or
particular people?
 Does the author use words with more positive connotations when referring to one side of an issue or particular
people?
These connotations are another clue to what or whom the author may be biased for or against.
Now, practice identifying authors’ biases by reading the excerpts below. For each set of paragraphs, determine what
the author’s bias is by looking for patterns in that author’s diction and use of evidence.

Exercises

Is being biased of an author with his/her writing is a negative thing for the readers? Why? Why not?
Express your answer to 3-5 sentences.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________

Elaboration

What is the importance of knowing when the author is being biased?

_________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________

Evaluation

The following paragraphs are from an article by Amy Alkon that examines the effects of beauty on
people’s (particularly women’s) lives. As you read these paragraphs, try to determine what Alkon’s biases
are. How does she feel about feminists? About people who try to improve their physical appearance?

Men's looks matter to heterosexual women only somewhat. Most women prefer men who are taller
than they are, with symmetrical features (a sign that a potential partner is healthy and parasite-free). But,
women across cultures are intent on finding male partners with high status, power, and access to resources—
which means a really short guy can add maybe a foot to his height with a private jet. And, just like women
who aren't very attractive, men who make very little money or are chronically out of work tend to have a
really hard time finding partners. There is some male grumbling about this. Yet, while feminist journalists
deforest North America publishing articles urging women to bow out of the beauty arms race and "Learn to
love that woman in the mirror!", nobody gets into the ridiculous position of advising men to "Learn to love
that unemployed guy sprawled on the couch!"

Now, before you brand me a traitor to my gender, let me say that I'm all for women having the vote,
and I think a woman with a mustache should make the same money as a man with a mustache. But you don't
help that woman by advising her, "No need to wax that lip fringe or work off that beer belly!" (Because the
road to female empowerment is...looking just like a hairy old man?)

You can write your answer at the back of this page.


Park Ridge School of Montessori Incorporated
Camias, San Miguel, Bulacan
LEARNING KIT 1 – TLE 8
Parts of Fish, Phases of Fish Culture and Species of Fish
October 04, 2021 – October 08, 2021

Name:________________________________________ Grade Level &


Section:________________

Expectation
At the end of this module, you will be able to:
1. Identify the external and internal parts of a fish.
2. Explain the phases or aspects of fish culture and species of fish that are commonly cultured in ponds.

Exploration

What is fish?
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_______________________________________________________________________________________

Explanation

External Fish Anatomy


Fish are animals that are cold-blooded and have fins and a backbone. Most fish have scales and
breathe with gills. Approximately 22,000 species of fish began evolving 480 million years ago. The
largemouth bass illustrated above has the typical torpedo-like (fusiform) shape associated with many fish.
 Fins cover) is a flexible bony plate that protects the
Fins are appendages used by the fish to sensitive gills. Water is “inhaled” through the
maintain position, move, steer and stop. They mouth, passes over the gills and is “exhaled”
are either single fins along the centerline of from beneath the operculum.
the fish, such as the dorsal (back) fins, caudal  Eyes
(tail) fin and anal fin, or paired fins, which Fish can detect color. Fish eyes are
include the pectoral (chest) and pelvic (hip) rounder than in mammals because of the
fins. refractive index of water and focus is achieved
 Scales by moving the lens in and out, not distorting it
Scales in most bony fish -- most as in mammals.
freshwater fish other than gar that have ganoid  Nares
scales, and catfish which have no scales -- are Paired nostrils, or nares, in fish are used to
either ctenoid or cycloid. detect odors in water and can be quite
 Gills sensitive. Eels and catfish have particularly
The gills are the breathing apparatus of well-developed senses of smell.
fish and are highly vascularized, which gives  Mouth
them their bright red color. An operculum (gill
The mouth’s shape is a good clue to what Most freshwater Florida fish are omnivorous.
fish eat. The larger it is, the bigger the prey it Some are primarily piscivorous, which means
can consume. Fish have a sense of taste and eating mostly other fish. Lateral Line
may sample items to taste them before
swallowing if they are not obvious prey items.
 Vent
The vent is the external opening to digestive urinary and reproductive tracts. In most fish it is
immediately in front of the anal fin.

Internal Fish Anatomy


 Spine out of the body. The kidney is also
The primary structural framework, extremely important in regulating water
upon which the fish's body is built, and salt concentrations within the fish's
connects to the skull at the front of the fish body, allowing certain fish species to exist
and to the tail at the rear. The spine is in freshwater or saltwater, and in some
made up of numerous vertebrae, which are cases both, such as snook or tarpon.
hollow and house and protect the delicate  Stomach and intestines
spinal cord. These break down food and absorb
 Spinal cord nutrients. Fish such as bass that
Connects the brain to the rest of the are piscivorous have fairly short intestines
body and relays sensory information from because such food is easy to chemically
the body to the brain, as well as break down and digest. Fish such as tilapia
instructions from the brain to the rest of that are herbivorous require longer
the body. intestines because plant matter is usually
 Brain tough and fibrous and more difficult to
This is the control center of the fish, break down into usable components.
where both automatic functions, such as  Pyloric caeca
respiration, and higher behaviors occur. This organ with fingerlike projections
All sensory information is processed here. is located near the junction of the stomach
 Lateral line and the intestines. Its function is not
One of the fish's primary sense organs, entirely understood, but it is known to
this detects underwater vibrations and is secrete enzymes that aid in digestion, may
capable of determining the direction of function to absorb digested food, or do
their source. both.
 Swim (or air) bladder  Vent
This hollow, gas-filled balance organ This is the site of waste elimination
allows a fish to conserve energy by from the fish's body. It is also the outlet for
maintaining neutral buoyancy eggs or sperm during spawning.
(suspending) in water. Fish caught from  Liver
very deep water sometimes need to have This important organ has a number of
air released from their swim bladder functions. It assists in digestion by secreting
before they can be released and return to enzymes that break down fats, and it also
deep water, because of the difference in serves as a storage area for fats and
atmospheric pressure at the water's carbohydrates. The liver also is important in
surface. the destruction of old blood cells and in
 Gills maintaining proper blood chemistry, as well as
Allow a fish to breathe underwater. playing a role in nitrogen (waste) excretion.
These are very delicate structures and  Heart
should not be touched if the fish is to be This circulates blood throughout the body.
released. Oxygen and digested nutrients are delivered to
 Kidney the cells of various organs through the blood,
This filters liquid waste materials from and the blood transports waste products from
the blood, and these wastes are then passed the cells to the kidneys and liver for
elimination.
 Gonads (reproductive organs) or roe, of certain fish are considered a
In adult female bass, the bright orange delicacy, as in the case of caviar from
mass of eggs is unmistakable during the sturgeon.
spawning season, but is still usually  Muscles
identifiable at other times of the year. The Provide movement and locomotion. This is
male organs, which produce milt for fertilizing the part of the fish that is usually eaten, and
the eggs, are much smaller and white but composes the fillet of the fish.
found in the same general location. The eggs,

PHASES OF FISH CULTURE

1.) FISH PROPAGATION


Several methods exist for the breeding or propagation of cultivated fish. Choosing among them
depends on the reproduction biology of the species, on local environmental conditions and on the
facilities available. These methods may be grouped into three categories: natural propagation; semi-
natural propagation; artificial propagation.
 For natural propagation, males and females are placed together in a breeding area such as a small
pond or an enclosure where they spawn naturally. This method is usually used, for example, to
produce tilapias cheaply.
 For semi-natural propagation, the fish (usually the females only) are first given one injection of
chemicals, such as a pituitary gland* extract, which will trigger spawning. Males and females are
then placed together in a specially prepared breeding area such as a small grassy pond or an
enclosure where spawning takes place. The fertilized eggs are usually collected and reared under
improved conditions, either natural or artificial.
 For artificial propagation, the females are given one or more injections of chemicals which regulate
the final ripening of dormant eggs in the ovaries. As soon as the eggs are ripe, they are stripped from
the females. The males are usually also injected. Eggs are artificially fertilized with sperm obtained
from the males and reared under controlled conditions.
2.) FISH CULTIVATION
It is rearing of fish and other aquatic products from their very young stage.
METHODS OF CULTIVATION
 Fish pen method
 Fishpond method
 Open-water method

SPECIES OF FISH THAT ARE COMMONLY CULTURED IN PONDS


1.Tilapia This is a hardly fish that attains maturity at about four months from fry stage. This kind
of fish grows faster and bigger in freshwaters that in other bodies of water.
2.Milkfish o This is a fresh fish raised in fishponds. This is a bright silvery fish of the open seas.
Bangus
3. Carp or Karpa The common carp has double barbells at the mouth and a heavy serrated spine in the
dorsal and anal fins.
4.Catfish or Hito It lives in swamps, canals, and ponds. It can stay long without water.
5. Mudfish or It lives in muddy canals. It is a freshwater fish. Its color is black, and it has a hard body.
Dalag
6.Gourami This is a large freshwater fish, a fast grower, vegetarian, and breeds freely.

Exercises

A. Draw a fish and show the external and internal part of it. You can put color if you want. (Use an
extra paper and attach to your module.)
B. Compare and contrast the phases of fish culture, use Venn diagram in answering. (Use an extra paper
and attach to your module.)
C. Differentiates the species of fish that are commonly cultured in ponds. (use an extra paper and attach
to your module.)

Elaboration
What you have learned in this lesson?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________

Evaluation

A. Fill in the blanks with the correct answers.


1.________ is a bony structure covering and protecting the grills.

2.________ is one of the vital parts of the organ that helps the fishes to locate their foods especially those
that hunt in milky water or during the dark.

3.________ allow the fishes to stabilize, rotate, and act like a water-braking system to halt or slow down
their speed during swimming.

4.________ keeps the fish upright during swimming and also acts like a sub rudder to help fishes to steer
during high speed swim.

5.________ is one of the vital organs that help the fishes to detect movement in order to evade predators or
locate their preys.

6.________ is the control center of the fish where both automatic functions and higher behaviors occur.

7.________ is the part that connects the brain to the rest of the body and relays sensory information from the
body to the brain, as well as instruction from the brain to the rest of the body.

8.________is a gas-filled organ used primarily to maintain neutral buoyancy.

9.________ filters out liquid wastes in the blood and channels them out of the body.

10._______ is an organ that resembles thin fingers emanating from the stomach and intestine junction.
Park Ridge School of Montessori Incorporated
Camias, San Miguel, Bulacan
LEARNING KIT 2 – TLE 8
Fish Processing
October 18, 2021 – October 22, 2021

Name:________________________________________ Grade Level &


Section:________________

Expectation
At the end of this module, you will be able to:
1. Identify the sizes and market forms of dressed fish.

Exploration
As a student what is your idea about preparing fish?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________

Explanation

Market Forms of Fresh Fish


 Whole or round fish are sold just as they come from the water. They must be scaled and eviscerated
— or gutted — before cooking. If the head is left on, the fish must be degilled.
-Most species of fish are sold in this form where all parts of the fish are still intact.

 Drawn fish have been eviscerated. They must be scaled and, if the head is left on, must be degilled.
-This form is sold with the internal organs removed.

 Dressed fish are ready to cook , usually with head, tail and fins removed.
-The scales, internal organs, fins, head, and tail are removed.

 Fillets are the sides of the fish cut away from the backbone and are ready to cook. They are usually
boneless, with no waste.
-The most common cut and available from any fish – round or flat. Fillets from larger fish can be
futher cut into portions sized supreme or scallops.
Types of Fish Fillet
a. Butterfly fillet
Smaller whole fish, can be prepared by removing the head and cutting through either the back or
belly side of the fish. The two small fillets remain joined along one side, creating a butterfly fillet
when opened.

b. Quarter-cut Fillets
This is a single flat fish fillet that can be cut in half lengthways into quarter fillets.
c. Sticks
This is cut from fillets or steaks. They are usually from fish that had been minced and shaped,
breaded, and frozen.

 Steaks are ready-to-cook, cross-sectional slices of large fish.


-Bigger fish like tanigue, tuna, maya-maya, lapu-lapu, and others are sold chopeed or cut along the
cross sections.

 Live Fish – Dalag (mudfish), hito (catfish), and tilapia are usually sold alive.
Steps in Preparing the Fish

Fish should be gutted and beheaded as soon as possible after catching.

1. Beheading – Remove the head by cutting it off on a slanted line following the gills. Fish which
weigh a half pound or less do not have to be headed but they should generally be gutted.
2. Gutting – In gutting a fish, cut from the gill cavity along the ventral fold to the anal vent. All the
guts must be removed. It is also a good commercial practice to remove the black membrane located
in the visceral cavity of many species.
3. Bleeding – All species of fish must be thoroughly bled – if the head has not been removed, cut the
throat; remove the gills and all blood vessels. Blood clot can cause discoloration, as well as bacterial
infection which would make the fish unfit for eating.
4. Cutting – The shape into which the fish is cut depends on local custom. But, for a rule of thumb –
under a pound, the fish may be left whole; from 1 to 10 pounds it should be split in two again from
head to tail. The collar bone behind the gills should be left intact when a fish is split in half.

Exercises
Compare and contrast the Market Forms of Fish. Use the space provided below.
Elaboration
I found out in this lesson that
_________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________

Evaluation

How it is important to find out the different sizes and market forms of fishes?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________
Park Ridge School of Montessori Incorporated
Camias, San Miguel, Bulacan
LEARNING KIT 3 – TLE 8
Methods used in Fish Curing
October 25, 2021 – October 29, 2021

Name:________________________________________ Grade Level &


Section:________________

Expectation
At the end of this module, you will be able to:
1. Identify the methods used in fish curing.
Exploration
What is your idea about the method used in fish curing?

_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________

Explanation

Methods used in Fish Curing

Fish Curing is an old industry in the Philippines. It is defined as the method of preserving fish by
means of salting, drying, smoking, and pickling. This processing method was commonly used in the past
when techniques were not yet developed. There are three basic principles involves in fish curing.
1. Removal of water so that microorganism cannot grow and multiply.
2. Addition of preservatives during the process.
3. Rendering enzymes to be inactive.

1.) Salting
This method of preserving fish is done by adding salt to the fish until it seeps through the fresh
forcing out water from the flesh. The salt takes the place of the extracted water and ties up the
remaining water molecules, thereby making the microorganism inactive. This method is called
osmosis.
Methods of Salting 4. Fermentation
1. Drying or Kench curing
2. Brine salting Steps in Salting Fish
3. Salting to make brine 1. The quality of the fish to be salted
2. Cleanliness in all operations 4. Oil drum
5. Salinometer
Tools and Equipment used in salting 6. Wooden basin
1. Fish scaler 7. Wooden vat
2. Knives 8. Wooden basket or kaing
3. Measuring Spoons

2.) Drying
This is the old method of preserving fish. This is done by exposing the fish to the heat of the heat of
the sun or by using mechanical kill or driers. There are three methods used in drying fish.

Methods of Drying
1. Sun Drying
2. Artificial Heat
3. Air blast
Tools and Equipment used in Drying
1. Anemometer
2. Bamboo basket
3. Bamboo tray
4. Drying platform
5. Oven
6. Psychrometer
7. Salinometer

3.) Smoking
This is a process of exposing the fish to wood smoke until it is golden brown. Wood smoke contains
chemicals that destroy bacteria which cause spoilage. Smoking is advantageous because it requires
only a minimal preservative, gives an attractive appearance, and adds a distinctive flavor and an
attractive color to fish process such as sun drying, brining, and boiling.

Types of Smoking
1. Hot Smoking or Barbeque Smoking
2. Cold Smoking

4.) Storing
This is another way of preserving fish. Low temperature is employed bringing down the body
temperature of the fish lower than 27̊C. When this is done, spoilage is slowed down. There are two
methods of storing fish using low temperature.

Methods of Storing
1. Chilling
2. Freezing

Exercises

Activity 1: Differentiates smoking, drying, storing and salting. Use the space provided below.
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______________________________

Elaboration

You found out in this lesson that


_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________

Evaluation

Watch a video of the following and identify the importance of using the methods of fish cutting. Write your
reaction below.
1. Salting fish
2. Drying fish
3. Smoking fish
4. Storing fish
Park Ridge School of Montessori Incorporated
Camias, San Miguel, Bulacan
Learning Kit 1MAPEH 8 (MUSIC)
MUSIC OF EAST ASIA
OCTOBER (S.Y 2021-2022 )
Name:________________________________________ Grade Level &
Section:________________

Expectation

At the end of this module, you will be able to:


1. Explain how the music of China relates to its geography and culture;
2. Listen perceptively to Chinese music;
3. Analyze the musical elements of selected Chinese songs and instrumental pieces;

Exploration

Test how familiar you are with the given pictures. Identify the people, things, or places given below. Write
your answers on the spaces provided.

1.___________________ 2. ___________________ 3. _________________ 4.____________________

Explanation

Chinese Music
Traditional Chinese music can be traced back 7,000-8,000 years, based on the discovery of a
bone flute made in the Neolithic Age. Chinese music is considered as one of the oldest forms of
music in the world.

Traditional Chinese musical instruments can be divided into four categories; stringed,
percussion, plucked, and wind.

Musical Instruments
1. Horse-head Fiddle
The horse-headed fiddle is a bowed stringed-instrument famous for its
unique carved horse head. The sound it produces is similar to that of a horse
neighing which can be decibed as expansive and unrestrained.

2. Pipa
The pipa is a four-stringed lutevwith 30 frets. It is known for its
pearshapped body. The pipa is a well-known Chinese musical instrument that
originated in the Qin Dynasty.

3. Erthu
The Erthu, also known as the Hugin, is a musical instrument from the
western region. It was made during the Tang Dynasty. It plays an important role
in the famous Beijing opera.

4. Sheng
The Sheng is the Chinese mouth organ and is one of the oldest
Chinese musical instruments. It resembles a set of panpipes with 12
to 36 bamboo pipes,. Sheng can sound several notes simultaneously.

5. Zheng
The Zheng is an extended trapezoid with 16 to 25 strings
strehed over the movable bridges. It is one of the oldest Chinese
musical instruments.

6. Yunluo
The yunluo is a set of ten small turned gongs arranged in a
wooden frame. Each gong has its own thickness that can produce a
different pitch from the other gongs. Yunluo means “cloud gongs”

7. Bulang-go
The bulang-go is a pellet drum used to accompany folksongs and
ceremonies. It is also considered as a toy for children.

Instrumental Music

Ling Lun, a well-known scholar during the reign of the Yellow emperor, as tasked by
the Emperor himself to create an instrument that will imitate the call of the fenghuang-a
Chinese Phoenix. The fenghuang is an immortal bird that brings good omen to the reign of
an emperor.

One of the best-known instrumental pieces from ancient Chinese music is the “High
Mountains and Flowing Water”. The piece narrates the legendary friendship between
guqin master Yu Boya and Zhong Zigi. Althouhg the piece is still played today, it is not the
same original music from Yu.

Folk Songs and Ritual Music


Chinese folk songs have been spread orally by people in each region. They have
simple structures and are melodic instead of harmonic. Nonetheless, Chinese folk songs are
widespread and well-known.

The Book of Songs is a compilation of poems that have combined ancient Chinese
poetry with music. It is the very first complication of Chinese folk songs and ritual music.
The book is divided into three parts.

The “Mo Li Hua” is a Chinese folk song created during the Qing dynasty. This folk
song is famous not only in China but also around the world. The song depicts the act of
giving a flower or plucking a flower.

Exercises

Which among the Chinese musical instruments are most interesting for you?
Why?

Elaboration

Write on the sheet of paper below, the things you just learned about the Music of China. Create your
own title.

Title

Evaluation

DIRECTION: Identify the MUSIC OF EAST ASIA. Write your answer space provided.
______________________________1.Is a pellet drum used to accompany folksongs and ceremonies. It
is also considered as a toy for children.

______________________________2. Is a bowed stringed-instrument famous for its unique carved


horse head.

______________________________3. Is a set of ten small turned gongs arranged in a wooden frame.

______________________________4. Is a well-known Chinese musical instrument that originated in


the Qin Dynasty.

______________________________5. Is a musical instrument from the western region.

______________________________6. is an extended trapezoid with 16 to 25 strings strehed over the


movable bridges.

______________________________7. is the Chinese mouth organ and is one of the oldest Chinese
musical instruments.

______________________________8. Is an immortal bird that brings good omen to the reign of an


emperor.

________________________________9. Is a compilation of poems that have combined ancient Chinese


poetry with music.

________________________________10. Is famous not only in China but also around the world.

Prepared by:
MRS. ARLENE M. VALDEZ
Teacher
Park Ridge School of Montessori Incorporated
Camias, San Miguel, Bulacan
Learning Kit 2 MAPEH 8 (ARTS)
ARTS OF EAST ASIA
OCTOBER ( S.Y 2021-2022 )
Name:________________________________________ Grade Level &
Section:________________

Expectation

At the end of this module, you will be able to:


1. Identify the arts of China;
2. Describe the distinguishing characteristics of the arts of China;
3. Create art woks inspired by Chinese techniques.

Exploration

Do you think the Chinese have made significant contributions to our country? Can you mention
some of these Chinese influences in our culture?

Explanation

China is one of the oldest civilizations in the world dating back to 5000 years
ago. It developed such a rich culture that influenced its neighboring countries. Throughout
the centuries, it was ruled by powerful dynasties that lasted until the 20th century. Here are
some dynasties known for their arts and craftsis.

The first dynasty was the Hsia (Xia) dynasty (2205-1767 B.C). At present, it is noted
for its terracotta Army, a massive burial tomb built for the first emperor. It consists of over
8000 life-sized statues of soldiers buried along with the emperor.

The shang dynsty (1776-1121 B.C) followed the Hsia dynasty. It was during this
dynasty that the arts flourished. Other dynasties came after, but the Tang dynasty (618-906
A.D) has been considered a great period for painting and porcelain making. The Song
dynasty emerged in 960 and ended in 1276.

Buddhism was a strong influence in the development of China’s culture. It came to


China around 1 A.D. and from then on, its teachings have affected the arts, particularly in
statuary. The style is said to be solemn and majestic. These characteristics are reflected in the
rare and elegant style of Chinese artifacts.

At the end of the last dynasty (qing), a new cultural movement started. The
communist party took over in 1912, and artist were assigned to mass produce paintings that
encouraged socialist ideologies. Art became a propaganda tool. Today, although china
remains Communist, it has opened its doors to the outside world.

Attire
Men and women of ancient China wore tunics. Womwn wore long tunics and pants
while men wore shorter tunics over their pants. In colder weather, they wore thick, warm
jackets.

The Chinese suit (Tang Zhuang) is a combination of Manchu jacket and western style
suit. Its color and design are traditional Chinese but the tailoring is western. Today, most
Chinese wear Western clothing, and traditional attire is worn only during religious festivals.
These are also seen in Chinese movies and TV series.

Fabrics and Tapestries


Silk is a luxury fabric that originated in China during the Neolitic Period (about 4000
BC) It is a symbol of Chinese culture. At first, only the royal family and nobility could wear
silk. It was only later during the Qing Dynasty (1644) that peasants were allowed to wear
silk.

Aside from clothing. Silk has been used for other purposes such as paper, bow strings,
fishing lines, and canvas for painting. It has been such an important product from china that
trade route has become known as the Silk Road.
Kesi is a Chinese pictorial tapestry made entirely of silk with cut designs.

Arts and Crafts by Originated in China

1. Bronze Vessels
Invented 5000 years ago, these vessels are inticately decorated with diverse motifs
and designs. These are used for several purpose such as for cooking, storing meat, and
as ritual and sacrificial vessels.
2. Embroidery
Chinese embroidery has a long history beginning from the Neolithic Age. It is usually
done in silk with various intricate stitches.
3. Calligraphy
this style of writing is widely practiced in China. It is consired as an art form.
4. Jade
Jade is a gemstone highly prized by the Chinese and is considered a lucky charm.
Jade can be carved or engraved with designs. A favorite motif is the dragon, the
symbol of the emperor.
5. Seals
Seals are made of metal, jade animal tooth or horn and are carved with
characteristics. Many people in China possess a personal name seals.
6. Paper Cutouts
Patterns are cut vividly and perfectly on red paper. This craft is done by female
artisans. The images are mostly animals and flower figures. Paper cutouts are used as
decorations and lucky charms.
7. Lacquerware
This is an art that developed in China in 4500 B.C. Lacquer is a hard and shiny finish
applied to materials such as wood and bamboo.
8. Cloisonne
Cloisonne is the technique of creating designs on metalwork objects using colored-
glass paste or inlays of cut gemstones, glass, and other materials.
9. Pottery or Ceramic
Objects such as jars, bowls, and vases are made of clay and hardened by heat in a kiln.
China pottery was developed during the Neolithic period.
10. Lantern
Chinese lanterns are a well-known symbol of China towns around the world. They are
red, oval shaped, and are made of bamboo, rattan or steel wire frame: the shade is
made of paper or silk.
11. Kite
The kite originated in China around 475-221 B.C. At first it was used as an
emergency warning device. Later, it became a form of entertainment.
12. Shadow Puppets
Shadow puppets originated in china 2000 years ago. It has been a widespread folk art
in the country.
13. Umbrella
The first umbrellas started in China, and were made of paper or silk with bamboo
frames or mulberry bark.
14. Folk Toys
Chinese folk toys a traditional folk art. They are used not only as simple objects but
also as festival decorations.

Accessories and Body ornaments


The men worse soft caps called jin, stiff hats called mao and the guan for formal
headdress. The basic headdress for women was called ji with lots of elaborations.

Sculpture
The life-sized Terracotta army for the tomb of the first emperor, Qin Shi Huang, is a
good example of acient Chinese sculpture. Later, small figures in pottery or wood were
placed in tombs for many centuries afterwards.

Architecture
Ancient chinese architecture has contributed to the architectectural system of the
world. Among its contributions are the architectural marvels of the great wall . the Forbidden
City, and the Mausoleum of the first Qin Emperor.

Architecture in ancient China can be classified into two styles: the commoner and the
imperial style. The commoner style, used by merchants, bureaucrats, and farmers follow a set
of patterns. In the center of the building is a shrine for the deities and ancestors and on its two
sides are the bedrooms .

The Chinese pagoda is a traditional part of Chinese architecture. Its shape is square
and circular. The base is circular but later has become octagonal. It serves as a house for
offering sacrifices.
Exercises

Writing an Architectural Story

Choose one architectural marvel of China; then, write a short story describing how
and why it was built and its importance in Chinese culture.

Elaboration

What have you learned about the The Arts of China.

_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

Evaluation

DIRECTION: Identify the following the arts of china.

_____________________1. It is a long history beginning from the Neolithic Age.

_____________________2. Are made of metal, jade, animal tooth or horn.

_____________________3. This style of writing is widely practiced in China.

_____________________4. These are used for several purposes such as for cooking.

_____________________5. Is a gemstone highly prized by the Chinese and is considered a lucky


charm.
_____________________6. Patterns are cut vividly and perfectly on red paper.

_____________________7. It was used as an emergency warning device.

_____________________8. The first started in China, and were made of paper or silk with bamboo.

_____________________9. Chinese are a well-known symbol of China towns.

____________________10. Chinese are traditional folk art.

Prepared by:

MRS. ARLENE M. VALDEZ


Teacher
Park Ridge School of Montessori Incorporated
Camias, San Miguel, Bulacan
Learning Kit 3 MAPEH 8 (P.E)
AEROBIC AND FLEXIBILITY EXERCISES
OCTOBER ( S.Y 2021-2022 )

Name:________________________________________ Grade Level &


Section:________________

Expectation

At the end of this module, you will be able to:


1. Identify aerobic and flexibility exercises;
2. Undertake physical activity;
3. Conduct physical activity with school peers;
4. Identify the health benefits gained from aerobic and flexibility exercises.

Exploration

What can u say about the Aerobic exercises and Flexibility exercises?

_______________________________________________________________________________________
___

Explanation

Making time for fitness exercise is essential for it to become a part of your daily routine. In turn,
exercising will become one of your habits. It is important to include physical activities into your lifestyle
because exercises can help in achieving the physical, mental, and emotional wellness that you want to have.

There are two basic exercises that you can consider indulging in: aerobic exercises and flexibility
exercises.

A. Aerobic Exercises
Aerobic exercises are physical activities that can cause you to breathe harder and make your heart
beat faster. These exercises strengthen the heart and the lungs in order to deliver oxygen throughout the
body. Aerobic refers to how your body uses oxygen to provide energy that your body needs during vigorous
Benefits of Aerobic Exercises

1. Increased energy and endurance

2. Improved blood circulation and oxygen usage

3. Reduced risk of acquiring heart diseases and diabetes

4. Healthful weight

Dance Aero Mixer


The dance aero mixer is a simple dance aerobic exercise that develops cardiovascular and
respiratory endurance.

The following are some basic dance aero mixers that you can do with your peers or your family.

1. Run and Stamp• Run around in circles in a counterclockwise manner; then, stamp your feet four
times. Repeat the procedure twice.

2. Umbrella run. Form a circle with a group. Run to the middle of the circle while raising Your
hands UPWard; then, run back to your original position bringing your hands down to your side as
you go.

3. Elbow swings. With a partner, link your elbows together. Swing your partner around for four
counts.

4. Slide Shuffle. Form a group circle. Move in a counterclockwise manner for eight counts. On the
fourth count, clap your hands together. Move in a counterclockwise manner for another eight
counts; then, clap your hands on the first and fourth count. Repeat these steps twice.

5. Chorus line kicks. Standing sideways, form a line with your group. Put your arms on top of the
Shoulders of the ones at your left and at your right. Hop on your left foot (while kicking your
right foot) to the left for four times. Switch to the right foot and repeat the procedure. Do the
sequence twice.

6. Grapevine step. Step with the left foot sideward; then, place the right foot behind the left foot.
Step with the left foot sideward; then, move the right foot to put the feet together. Repeat these
twice.

7. Grand right and left. The dancers in the set move in a circular fashion. The boys will move
counterclockwise and the girls will move clockwise. All dancers Will meet halfway at the end of
the counting.

B. Flexibility Exercises
Flexibility is one of the components of health-related fitness. It is the ability to move the joints in a
full range of motion. The joint is the part of the body where the bones are connected. The joints are
important in doing daily activities, such as household chores.

Doing exercises that stretch the joints can help you perform easily your daily tasks. Flexibility
exercises contribute to the development of your overall physical fitness.

Having a good flexibility can bring the following benefits:


1. Increased muscle relaxation and decreased muscle tension
2. Improved coordination
3. Increase range of motion
4. Reduced risk of body injuries
5. Better body posture
6. Improved circulation and respiration
7. Increased self-esteem
8. Developed motor skills

Basic Flexibility Exercises

The following are some basic flexibility exercises that you can include in your exercise routine.
1. Knee-to-Chest Stretching
A. Lie down on a mat. Raise your legs; then, bend your knees.
B. Wrap your legs with your arms. Place your hands just below your knees.
C. Push one of your knees against your chest. Hold it for 30 seconds.
D. Repeat the procedure for the other knee.
2. Sitting Hamstring Stretch
A. Sit on a mat with your legs outstretched forward.
B. Lean forward to reach for your toes. Do not bend your knees as you reach forward.
3. Hip Stretch
A. Take a long step forward. Raise your right foot, resting your right knee on your left knee.
Align your right knee with your ankle and bend it on a right angle.
B. Place both of your hands on your right knee for balance. Shift your weight forward while
tilting your trunk and pelvis slightly backward. Hold your left knee in place to stretch the hip
and thigh muscles.

Performing these simple aerobic exercises is one way to develop your cardiovascular endurance and
coordination. You can also foster cooperation among your friends or your family by engaging in
aerobics.

Exercises

Performed your own simple aero dance routine. The dances routine should have at least
four kinds of steps . Choose a background music for you aero dance routine. ( video your
presentation and then send it to me).

Elaboration

Answer the following question after your performed the exercises;

1. What do you feel after your performed your own exercises?

2. Will you recommended this exercises routine to your family and friends? Why or why not?
Evaluation

Define the following:

1. Flexibility-
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
_________

2. Joints-
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
_________

3. Aerobics-
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
_________

4. Dance Aero Mixer-


______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
_________

Prepared by:
MRS. ARLENE M. VALDEZ
Teacher
Park Ridge School of Montessori Incorporated
Camias, San Miguel, Bulacan
LEARNING KIT 1- SCIENCE 8
Lesson: 3-4 ELECTRICITY(Ohm`s Law and Resistor Connectors)
Date: October 4-8 , 2021

Name:________________________________________ Grade Level &


Section:________________

EXPECTATIONS
At the end of this module, you will be able to:
 Explain the effects of current on the body
 Use Ohm`s Law in solving simple problems
 Find the equivalent resistance of a group of resistors
EXPLORATION
When you’ve heard the word Law and Connectors, what comes to your mind?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________
GREAT JOB! LATER WE WILL SEE IF YOUR ANSWERS ARE CORRECT BY READING THE REST
OF THIS MODULE!

EXPLANATION
Ohm's law defines a linear relationship between the voltage and the current in an electrical circuit. The
resistor's voltage drop and resistance set the DC current flow through the resistor. With water flow analogy
we can imagine the electric current as water current through pipe, the resistor as a thin pipe that limits the
water flow, the voltage as height difference of the water that enables the water flow.
The resistor's current I in amps (A) is equal to the resistor's voltage VR=V in volts
(V) divided by the resistance R in ohms (Ω):
V is the voltage drop of the resistor, measured in Volts (V). In some cases Ohm's law uses
the letter E to represent voltage. E denotes electromotive force.
I is the electrical current flowing through the resistor, measured in Amperes (A) R is
the resistance of the resistor, measured in Ohms (Ω)

Voltage Calculation
When we know the current and resistance, we can calculate the voltage.
The voltage V in volts (V) is equal to the to the current I in amps (A) times the resistance R in ohms (Ω):
V=IR

Resistance Calculation
When we know the voltage and the current, we can calculate the resistance.
The resistance R in ohms (Ω) is equal to the voltage V in volts (V) divided by the current I in amps (A):
R=V
I

It is obvious from this relation that :


I. the current is directly proportional to potential difference, and
II. the current is inversely proportional to resistance.

Since the current is directly proportional to the potential difference applied across the ends of a conductor, it
means that if the potential difference across the ends of a conductor is doubled, the current flowing through
it also gets doubled, and if the potential difference is halved, the current also gets halved . On the other
hand, the current is inversely proportional to resistance. So, if the current is doubled the current gets halved,
and if the resistance is halved, the current gets doubled. Thus, the strength of an electric current in a given
conductor depends on two factors :

I. potential difference across the ends of the conductor, and


II. resistance of the conductor.

Resistance of a conductor
The electric current is a flow of electrons through a conductor. When the electrons move from one of
the conductor to the other part, they collide with other electrons and with the atoms and ions present in the
body of the conductor. Due to these collisions, there is some obstructions or oppositions to the flow of
electron current through the conductor. The property of a conductor due to which it opposes the flow of
current through it is resistance. The resistance of a conductor is numerically equal to the ratio of potential
difference across its ends to the current flowing through it.

The resistance of a conductor depends on length, thickness, nature of the material and temperature,
of the conductor. A long wire (or a conductor) has more resistance and a short wire has less resistance.
Again, a thick wire has less resistance whereas a thin wire has more resistance. Rise in temperature of a
wire (or a conductor) increases its temperature.

The SI unit of resistance is Ohm which is denoted by a Greek letter omega, Ω. The unit of
resistance is ohm, can be defined by using Ohm's Law as described on the next page.

Georg Simon Ohm, (born March 16, 1789, Erlangen, Bavaria [Germany]—died July 6, 1854, Munich),
German physicist who discovered the law, named after him, which states that the current flow through a
conductor is directly proportional to the potential difference (voltage) and inversely proportional to the
resistance.

Ohm became professor of mathematics at the Jesuits’ College at Cologne in 1817. The most important
aspect of Ohm’s law is summarized in his pamphlet Die galvanische Kette, mathematisch bearbeitet (1827;
The Galvanic Circuit Investigated Mathematically). While his work greatly influenced the theory and
applications of current electricity, it was so coldly received that Ohm resigned his post at Cologne.
He accepted a position at the Polytechnic School of Nürnberg in 1833. Finally his work began to be
recognized; in 1841 he was awarded the Copley Medal of the Royal Society of London and was made a
foreign member a year later. The ohm, the physical unit measuring electrical resistance, also was named for
him.
EXERCISES
Directions : Answer the following questions.
1. What is the relationship between current and voltage?
2. How does current affect the human body?

ELABORATION

Directions : Answer the following questions. Look at the connections of wirings in your house.
1. Which are connected in series?

2. Which are connected in parallel?

3. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each type of connection?

EVALUATION

Directions : Answer the following questions.

1. In the circuit below, which two elements are connected parallel to each other?
a. A and B b. B and C c. C and D d. A and D

2. A circuit that has only one electric flow is _______.


a. battery circuit b. paper circuit c. series circuit d. parallel circuit

3. To find out the electrical consumption at home, we should look at the


a. generator b. transformer c. electric meter d. circuit breaker

4. What happens to the intensity or the brightness of the lamps connected in series as more and more lamps
are added? a. increases c. remains the same
b. decreases d. cannot be predicted

5. Why are fuses and circuit breakers used in circuits?


a. Fuses and circuit breakers open to the circuit when a large amount of current flows through the circuit.
b. Fuses and circuit breakers increase the efficiency of the appliances within the circuit.
c. Fuses and circuit breakers insulate the connection in the circuit.
d. Fuses and circuit breakers can help out the electrical consumption.

6. The Philippines promotes on a 220-supply voltage. V is a unit of what quantity?


a. velocity b. voltage c. current d. resistance
7. In the circuit below, which two elements are connected series to each other?
a. A and B b. B and C c. C and D d. A and D

8. The circuit element labeled E in no.7 is a schematic diagram of


a. voltage source b. bulb c. resistor d. switch

9. When the electrical current CANNOT flow, the circuit is _______.


a. broken b. close c. loose d. open

10. A circuit that has only one electric flow is _____________.


a. battery circuit b. paper circuit c. series circuit d. parallel circuit
Park Ridge School of Montessori Incorporated
Camias, San Miguel, Bulacan
LEARNING KIT 2- SCIENCE 8
Lesson: 5 ELECTRICITY(Elecrical Power and Energy)
Date: October 18- 22, 2021

Name:________________________________________ Grade Level &


Section:________________

EXPECTATIONS
At the end of this module, you will be able to:
 Calculate the electrical power and energy
 Enumerate ways of being able to use electricity safely.
EXPLORATION
Activity 1: Complete Me
Directions: Read the statements properly and complete them correctly.(2pts.each)

1. One of the advantages of series connections is, there is only a single path for electric current because
.
2. One of the advantages of parallel connections is, it has many possible paths of electrical flow
because .

EXPLANATION
Electric Power Is the rate at which work is completed. the speed at which electricity is transferred to a
circuit. it's also the speed, per unit time, at which electricity is transferred by an electrical circuit. The SI unit
of power is Watt (W in symbol), is equal to one joule per second. electrical power is sometimes produced by
electric generators, but may also be supplied by sources like electric batteries. Electrons are given energy by
a voltage source or battery in v (volts or Coulombs/seconds C/s) where C/s is electric potential energy and
also electrons pass through the circuit and collide with atom in components and lose its energy and
converted into heat, light, or motion.

In symbol, Figure 2. A refrigerator having


150 W power
P = power, unit is W (watt)
example: P=1800 W and 1 W = 1 J/s
Formula
Power (P) = I (current) x V (voltage)
Electrical Energy Refers to an energy that uses electric energy. Electric and electronic devices consume
electric energy to come up with desired output (i.e., light, heat, motion, etc.). During operation, some a part
of the energy, looking on the electrical efficiency, is consumed in unintended output, like waste heat.
electricity could be a kind of energy resulting from the flow of electrical charge. Energy is that the ability to
try and do work or apply force to maneuver an object. within the case of electricity, the force is electrical
attraction or repulsion between charged particles. Electric energy is most frequently measured either in
joules (J), or in watt hours (W·h) representing a continuing power over a period of your time.

That is;  1 W·s = 1 J  1 W·h = 3600 W·s = 3600 J The formula that links energy and power is:
Energy = Power x Time. The unit of energy is the joule, the unit of power is the watt, and the unit of time is
the second.

Sample problem. A microwave oven with a power rating of 1, 200 W is used for 0.25 hour. How much
electrical energy is used by the microwave?
P = 1, 200 W (1.2 w) 1 kW (kilowatt = 1000 watt) Time is 0.25 hour
E = Pt
E = (1.2) x (0.25) = 0.30 kWh

EXERCISES
Directions: Below are statements which tells about electrical power and electrical energy. Identify
each statement whether electrical power by writing EP and electrical energy by writing EE on the
blank spaces provided before the number. (2pts.each)

___ 1. The rate at which work is done. The rate at which electrical energy is transferred to a circuit.
___ 2. Is a measure of how much energy is used in a span of time.
___ 3. Refers to the energy resulting from the flow of electric charge.
___ 4. Defined as an electric charge that lets work be accomplished.
___ 5. It is usually produced by electric generators, but can also be supplied by sources such as electric
batteries.

ELABORATION

A. Directions: Locate the needed word below by encircling and writing the answers on the blank
provided. (2pts.each)

1. The rate at which __________ energy is transferred to a circuit.

2. Electric energy is most often measured either in ________.

3. Electrons pass through the circuit and collide with atom in components and lose its energy and
converted into ______ e.g., heat, light, or motion.

4. The unit of electrical power is the _________.

5. Electric power is the rate, per unit time, at which electrical energy is transferred by an electric
_________.
B. Directions: Use the diagram below to identify the difference and similarities of electrical
power and electrical energy.(10pts.)

ELECTRICAL POWER ELECTRICAL ENERGY

Differences Similarities Differences

EVALUATION

Solve Me Directions: Solve the following problems. Show your solutions.(3pts.each)


1. A blender works on for 10.0 hours. If the power rating of the blender is 700 watts, how much electrical
energy does the blender used?
2. A flat iron operated for 0.75 hour and used 3.0 kWh of electrical energy. What is the power rating of the
flat iron?

P = IV W/T
I = P / V 
E=PT

EXAMPLES

1. The energy used by the iron for 1 minute is 33 kJ, at a voltage of 220 volts. How large the
current is in the iron.
Known :
Time interval (t) = 1 minute = 60 seconds
Advertisement
Energy (W) = 33 kiloJoule = 33,000 Joule
Voltage (V) = 220 Volt
Wanted : Electric current (I)
Solution :
Electrical power is the electrical energy used during a certain time interval.
P = W / t = 33,000 Joule / 60 seconds
P = 550 Watt
Electric current :
I = P / V = 550 / 220 = 2.5 Ampere

2. A 220 V – 5 A electric lamp is used for 30 minutes. How much energy does it require?

Solution :
Voltage (V) = 220 Volt
Electric current
Advertisement
(I) = 5 Ampere
Time (t) = 30 minutes = 30 x 60 seconds = 1800 seconds
Electric power (P) :
P = V I = (220 Volt)(5 Ampere) = 1100 Volt Ampere = 1100 Watt = 1100 Joule/second
Electric energy = Electric power x time = (1100 Joule/second)(1800 second)
Electric energy = 1,980,000 Joule = 1,980 kiloJoule

Known :
Power (P) = 60 Watt = 60 Joule/second
Voltage (V) = 220 Volt
Time (t) = 4 minutes = 4 x 60 seconds = 240 seconds
Wanted: Electric power
Solution :
3. A 220 V – 60 W solder is used for 4 minutes. How much energy does it require.
Known :
Power (P) = 60 Watt = 60 Joule/second
Voltage (V) = 220 Volt
Time (t) = 4 minutes = 4 x 60 seconds = 240 seconds
Wanted: Electric power
Solution :
220 Volt – 60 Watt means the electric solder works well if the potential difference or voltage is
220 volts and has a power of 60 Watt = 60 Joule/second, means that electric solder using the
energy of 60 Joules per second.
Electric energy = electric power x time interval = (60 Joule/second)(240 second) = 14,400 Joule.

Park Ridge School of Montessori Incorporated


Camias, San Miguel, Bulacan
LEARNING KIT 3- SCIENCE 8
Lesson: 6 ELECTRICITY (Electrical Safety)
Date: October 25 – 29 , 2021

Name:________________________________________ Grade Level &


Section:________________

EXPECTATIONS
At the end of this module, you will be able to:
 Explain the functions of circuit breakers, fuses, earthing, double insulation, and other safety devices
in the home.
EXPLORATION
Activity 1: Guessing Time
Directions: Identify the following illustrations/drawings.(2pts. Each)

1.
3.________________----

2.______________

EXPLANATION
Electricity is a vital a part of our lives that can't be taken with a pinch of salt. To avoid accidents, it's
important that we've basic knowledge on electricity and exercise caution in managing it.
Circuits may also be protected by circuit breakers that use magnets and bimetallic strip to open a
switch in cases of overloading. Circuit breakers are often used instead of fuses in modern buildings because
they do not have to be replaced each time the circuit is opened.
A fuse and circuit breaker both serve to protect an overloaded electrical circuit by interrupting the
continuity, or the flow of electricity. Fuses tend to be quicker to interrupt the flow of power, but must be
replaced after they melt, while circuit breakers can usually simply be reset.
Double insulation
 Some appliances - such as vacuum cleaners and electric drills - do not have an earth wire. This is
because they have plastic casings, or they have been designed so that the live wire cannot touch the casing.
As a result, the casing cannot give an electric shock, even if the wires inside become loose.
 An electrical appliance which is double insulated does not have an earth wire fitted. The
appliance is designed in such a way that the electrical parts can never come into contact with the outer
casing of the device.
 Double insulation protects the user of the appliance from an electrical shock by preventing any
possibility of the external casing becoming live (the live wire cannot touch the casing even if wires inside
become loose), thus eliminating the need for an earth connection.
 Double insulation protects the user of the appliance from an electrical shock by preventing any
possibility of the external casing becoming live (the live wire cannot touch the casing even if wires inside
become loose), thus eliminating the need for an earth connection.

Earthing is the process of transferring the immediate discharge of the electrical energy directly to the
earth by the help of the low resistance wire is known as the electrical earthing. Mostly, the galvanized iron is
used for the earthing. The earthing provides the simple path to the leakage current.
Earthing of a system is done in the installation to connect the respective parts with electrical
conductors or electrodes. The electrode is placed near the soil or below the ground level, which has flat iron
riser under the ground. The noncurrent-carrying parts are connected with the flat iron.
Why is an Earthing Necessary? Earthing is an important component of electrical systems because of
the following reasons: It keeps people safe by preventing electric shocks. It prevents damage to electrical
appliances and devices by preventing excessive current from running through the circuit.

EXERCISES

Directions: Tell the functions of the following safety devices in the home and explain them briefly.
(4pts.each)
1. Circuit Breakers
Functions _______________________________________________
Explain _________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
2. Fuses
Functions _______________________________________________
Explain _________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
3. Earthing
Functions _______________________________________________
Explain _________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
4. Double Insulations
Functions _______________________________________________
Explain _________________________________________________
________________________________________________________

ELABORATION

Directions : Answer the following questions below.(5pts.each)

1. What are circuit breakers, fuses, and double insulations?

2. Explain their functions briefly.

EVALUATION

Directions : Answer the following questions. Express your answer in 5-7 sentences.(10pts.each)

1. Why is an Earthing Necessary?

2. How can we prevent accidents when using electricity?

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