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Q4(a)

Standard Costing is a costing method, that is used to compare the standard costs and revenues with the actual results,
in order to arrive at the variances along with its causes, to inform the manufacturer about the deviations and take
corrective measures, for its improvement. This is a practice of estimating the expense of a production process. A
manufacturer can use standard costing to plan their costs for the coming year on various expenses such as direct
material, direct labor or overhead. The manufacturer can compare the standard costs to the actual costs and the
difference b/w the two is called variance. Variance indicates that there is a deviation from what was recorded in the
profit plan. If standard costs are higher than actual costs, the manufacturer can expect higher profit. If standard costs
are lower than the actual costs, the manufacturer can expect lower profits and thus take measures to improve.

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