Title :​ Persistence of Vision (PoV) Display

Team Members:
1. Aditya Khanna
2. Manas Vashistha
3. Mohd Safwan

Faculty Mentor :​ Prof. Shalabh Gupta

Abstract-
Persistence of Vision, or POV, is the phenomenon when a visual image seems to persist
continuously even though it is moving in real-time. This can be achieved when a stream of light
is repeatedly interrupted for very brief instances so that it does not enter our eyes during those
durations.
In this project we are going to create a miniature version of this phenomena by attaching
several LED arrays on a rotating platform and then synchronising the ON/OFF time of the LEDs
and the rotation speed of the platform such that an alphabet appears to be stable in front of our
eyes.

Objectives-
To design a rotating platform with LED arrays attached on it such that when it is rotated
at a particular speed, some predetermined alphabet appear to be stable to our eyes. The
predetermined alphabets are inputted by the user on their mobile device which is transmitted to
the Adruino.

Motivation and Project Application-

The human eye cannot process more than 10-12 images per second and has an a
change detection time of 0.1 seconds. With a series of images more than the human eye can
perceive they appear to be in motion. This is also the principle in animated movies.

Design Details-
We plan to either build a rotating fan using 3D printer. This can help us maximise the
stability of the rotating platform even when the LED Array has been mounted. Once the design
of the rotating platform is complete, the next step is to use an IR Sensor to measure the speed
of the fan. This can be done using an IR sensor by measuring the duration it takes to circle
once.

Implementation Details-
We plan to make the POV compatible with different speeds(As the rotating fan can be
used at different speeds). After getting this setup we can design the LED part of the circuit and
mount it on the platform. These LED’s need to be coded using Arduino so that even when the
fan is rotating we can still see the display. We plan to get these LED arrays on a printed PCB
board for stability and firmness.
We plan to use Adruino coding English alphabet wise so that any random text can be displayed
on the device. The Adruino would be powered by a battery(12V) so that it can run without the
USB drive.

Inorder to get the input from the user, we use a wireless transmitter module, so that the user
can input the text on a mobile device and we transmit it to the Arduino device.

Once this is done, we can further optimise the device to accommodate different speeds,
different types of characters, numbers.

Calculations for Motor Power and Battery Consumption:

We plan to use a 600 rpm, 12 V DC Motor to drive the circuit. It has a no load torque of
4.5Kgcm which is usually enough to rotate around 0.5-1 kg of weight considering air friction and
drag( From some articles on the internet). If not we will try to use a higher voltage motor.

Also, the Adruino is powered by a battery, so we can make a regulator so that the proper
voltage supply is given to the Arduino. The adruno will be placed very close to the base of the
stand so that the weight in not mounted on the arms of the rotator.
Also, after 3D printing the model using AutoCAD, we will get to know better about these
parameters and doing the weight management.

Milestones - 1) ​Getting the 3D printed fan and designed in Autocad.

​2) ​Assembling of motor and setting up the fan with working DC motor
3) Coding the Arduino for POV work and setting up the mobile module for input.
Cost of Estimation :

Items Cost (in Rs.)

Hardware-
1. Arduino Nano 1. 1100/-
2. IR Sensor 2. 150/-
3. LEDs 3. 300/-
4. Resistors 4. Available in lab
5. DC Motor (500 rpm) 5. 150/-
6. Batteries 6. 500/-
7. Wires 7. Available in lab
8. Glue Gun 8. Available in TL
9. Soldering Iron 9. Available in TL
10. Some 3D Printed Parts (Fan) 10. Available in TL // 2500/-
Or Rotating Fan

Software-
1. Arduino IDE

Total Estimated Cost Rs . 4700 ( Estimated -- May vary slightly)