Técnicas de leitura para

teste de proficiência .

Compilação e organização
Prof . Mario Eduardo Pinheiro
ANEXO 01
Trump’s decision to take the drug is the latest example of him following his
impulses rather than the advice of doctors and public health experts during the
pandemic. He has eschewed the recommendations of the Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention to wear a face covering when social distancing is not
possible. He also has questioned the benefits of widespread testing, which public
health officials have called the key to mitigating the outbreak and allowing for the
safe reopening of the economy.
But Trump’s support of hydroxychloroquine has perhaps been the area where he
has most clearly rejected the advice of the health profession, including his own
officials, while making clear he believes more in the anecdotal reports he has
received from friends and supporters.
“Here we go, you ready? Here’s my evidence. I get a lot of positive calls about it,”
Trump said Monday. “The only negative I’ve heard was the study where they gave
it — was it the VA with, you know, people that aren’t big Trump fans gave it.”
In late April, researchers posted an analysis of the medical records of 368 male
patients at Veterans Affairs hospitals nationwide and found that the rates of death
in those treated with hydroxychloroquine alone or in combination with the
antibiotic azithromycin were higher than in those who did not receive the drugs.
While the results were from a retrospective look at outcomes rather than a
randomized clinical trial, they provided some of the most detailed information
available about the use of the medications on covid-19 patients.
The study found 27 percent of patients who received hydroxychloroquine died
and 22 percent of those treated with the combination therapy died. That
compares with 11.4 percent for those who did not receive either drug.
There is only scant evidence that hydroxychloroquine can be useful in treating
covid-19, the disease caused by the virus. Humans have no natural immunity and
there is not yet a vaccine, so much hope has been placed on an effective treatment
to lessen symptoms and save lives.
Trump added that he’s taking zinc in addition to hydroxychloroquine, “and all I
can tell you is, so far, I seem to be okay.”
In an interview on CNN Monday night, House Speaker Nancy Pelosi (D-Calif.)
criticized Trump’s decision to use hydroxychloroquine.
“He’s our president, and I would rather he not be taking something that has not
been approved by the scientists,” Pelosi said, adding that Trump should be
especially careful given his “age group” and his “weight group,” which she
described as “morbidly obese.”
Trump’s daily pill would be a much higher dose than typically prescribed for
malaria. Because hydroxychloroquine hasn’t been studied in valid large-scale
research, doctors can’t know the appropriate dose for any covid-19 patient.
The FDA last month warned against its use outside of a hospital setting or a
clinical trial, just weeks after it had approved an emergency use authorization for
the drug. The April 24 safety alert warned that the agency had received reports
that hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine, a related drug, could have serious side
effects. Among them: “potentially life-threatening heart rhythm problem,” when
used for the prevention or treatment of covid-19, for which the drugs are not
approved by the agency.
Among the many trials taking place involving hydroxychloroquine is a major
prevention study by Duke University researchers. They will determine whether
the drug is effective in preventing covid-19 among health-care workers who are
exposed to the virus and in limiting the unintentional spread of the virus by
people without symptoms.
Eric Topol, a cardiologist who is the director of the Scripps Research
Translational Institute, said hydroxychloroquine is “completely without evidence
of any benefit and, on the other hand, known risk of serious heart rhythm
problems.”
He added: “All risk, no proven benefit, goes against any rational use of the drug.”
Hydroxychloroquine has a number of serious side effects, chief among them its
effect on the “QT interval” — the time it takes for the heart’s electrical system to
reset between contractions, which push blood into the vascular system and
around the body, medical experts say.
Hydroxychloroquine is a drug that, although it’s been around a long time, has a
well-known and very serious adverse effect, namely that it causes electrical
changes in the heart that predispose you to a particularly malignant type of
arrhythmia that can be lethal,” said Steven Nissen, chief academic officer, at the
Cleveland Clinic’s Sydell and Arnold Miller Family Heart, Vascular & Thoracic
Institute.
In recent days, enthusiasm about hydroxychloroquine has been boosted by a
study, which has yet to be peer-reviewed, out of NYU Langone that looked at the
combination of hydroxychloroquine, the antibiotic azithromycin and zinc
supplements. It showed that patients who received the three-drug combination
vs. the two drug combination of hydroxychloroquine and azythromycin were 44
percent less likely to die than the second group.
That paper has been misinterpreted as showing Trump was correct in his support
of hydroxychloroquine as a treatment for covid-19.
Joseph Rahimian, a clinical instructor who specializes in infectious diseases at
NYU Langone Health, who was a co-author of the study, said the study’s findings
were limited to the possible promise of zinc, not hydroxychloroquine.
“There are many conclusions being made about the study that seem to suggest
the article said things differently,” he said. “The article is not a commentary on
President Trump’s opinions.”
He said the risk of cardiac abnormalities in people taking hydroxychloroquine —
as a prophylactic or a treatment — has been known for a long time, and there are
studies launched to try to assess how common they are.
Associates, not doctors, have had the most influence over Trump’s view of
hydroxychloroquine.

ANEXO 02

Video shot by a French environmental NGO in the Mediterranean Sea

shows masks and gloves littering the seabed.
Opération mer propre (Operation clean sea) is trying to clean up the coast near
the Côte d'Azur resort of Antibes.
It is appalled by this new coronavirus pollution, which adds to the already chronic
problem of plastic pollution.
The group says it is sounding the alarm, as Europe slowly emerges from lockdown
and people start revisiting beaches in the hot weather.
The group's founder, Laurent Lombard, who shot the underwater footage
and posted it on Facebook, says "these masks - we haven't had them for long,
and we're going to have billions, so I say watch out, it's the beginnings of a new
type of pollution".
Diving off Golfe-Juan, near Antibes, he found five disposable face masks and four
latex gloves on the seabed, along with the usual plastic rubbish such as empty
bottles.

Already on 14 May - just three days after the French lockdown was eased - street
cleaners in Paris complained on social media that many masks had been
discarded on the capital's pavements.

An MP in the southern Alpes-Maritimes district, Eric Pauget, has put forward a

draft law to increase the fine for littering a public place with masks. It would fine
an offender €300 (£265; $330) instead of the current €68, news website LCI
reports.
ANEXO 03
Published May 30, 2020 Updated May 31, 2020, 9:13 a.m. ET

nation braces for another night of unrest.

Demonstrations continued across the United States on Sunday as officials braced
for another night of destruction after a weekend of protests met by aggressive law
enforcement response.

The fear and fury that had seized Minneapolis, where the death of yet another
black man at the hands of the police last week set off days of protracted unrest,
have now swept well beyond Minnesota, with tumultuous demonstrations from
Columbus, Ohio, and Little Rock, Ark., to Miami and Washington.

On Saturday night, parts of Los Angeles were ablaze, squad cars and stores were
damaged or destroyed in Chicago, gunfire echoed through downtown
Indianapolis and one American city after another was filled with the smoke,
gagging and vomiting that follow tear gas.

Hundreds of people were arrested across the country as clashes erupted between
the police and protesters. In some cities, the authorities appeared to fire rubber
bullets and other projectiles with little or no provocation. In New York City, two
police vehicles surged forward into a crowd of demonstrators, some of whom
were blocking the street and pelting the cars with debris.

At least 75 cities have seen protests in recent days, and mayors in more than two
dozen cities imposed curfews. It was the first time so many local leaders have
simultaneously issued such orders in the face of civic unrest since 1968, after the
assassination of the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. National Guard soldiers were
posted in Atlanta and Minneapolis, and California moved troops into Los
Angeles.

Sunday’s protests marked the sixth day of outrage since George Floyd died while
in police custody in Minneapolis on Monday. A cellphone video showed a white
police officer — since fired and charged with third-degree murder — grinding his
knee into Mr. Floyd’s neck for more than eight minutes as he struggled to breathe.
ANEXO 04

US sends Brazil 2m doses of

hydroxychloroquine, despite medical
warnings
The US has supplied Brazil with 2 million doses of the anti-malaria
drug hydroxychloroquine for use against the coronavirus, despite
medical warnings about the risks associated with it.

The two governments released a joint announcement just days after the
WHO suspended testing it on Covid-19 patients due to health concerns.
Both presidents have promoted its use, despite the US Food and Drug
Administration issuing a warning about its use against the virus.

“The American and Brazilian people stand in solidarity in the fight

against the coronavirus,” the statement said. “We are announcing the
United States Government has delivered two million doses of
hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) to the people of Brazil.

“HCQ will be used as a prophylactic to help defend Brazil’s nurses,

doctors and healthcare professionals against the virus. It will also be
used as a therapeutic to treat Brazilians who become infected.

The countries will also carry out a joint research effort, including
“randomised controlled clinical trials”, and the US has pledged to send
1,000 ventilators to Brazil.

REFERÊNCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS
https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-says-he-is-taking-hydroxychloroquine-to-
protect-against-coronavirus-dismissing-safety-concerns/2020/05/18/7b8c928a-9946-11ea-
ac72-3841fcc9b35f_story.html

https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-52807526

https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/31/us/george-floyd-protests-today-live.html

https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2020/may/31/coronavirus-live-news-global-cases-
pass-6-million-as-brazil-sees-record-one-day-increase