PED004 FINAL REQUIREMENT

NAME: SAURA, ELMERA KATE M.

SECTION: T4-1

VOLLEYBALL
ORIGIN/HISTORY
Volleyball was invented in 1895 by William G. Morgan, physical director of the Young Men’s Christian
Association (YMCA) in Holyoke, Massachusetts. It was designed as an indoor sport for businessmen who found the
new game of basketball too vigorous. Morgan called the sport “mintonette,” until a professor from Springfield
College in Massachusetts noted the volleying nature of play and proposed the name of “volleyball.” The original
rules were written by Morgan and printed in the first edition of the Official Handbook of the Athletic League of the
Young Men’s Christian Associations of North America (1897). The game soon proved to have wide appeal for both
sexes in schools, playgrounds, the armed forces, and other organizations in the United States, and it was
subsequently introduced to other countries.

Reference: https://www.britannica.com/sports/volleyball

NATURE/MECHANICS
Volleyball is played by two teams of six players each on a court 60 by 30 feet, divided into two
halves, with a net 8 feet high (7 feet 41/4 inches high in women’s volleyball). The players are designated
as left, center, and right forwards and left, center, and right backs. When it is a team’s turn to serve,
every player rotates one position clockwise and the right back serves.

The object of the game is to keep the ball from striking the floor on your side of the net and to
return it so that it strikes the floor on your opponents’ side before they can return it. The ball is put in play
from anywhere behind the rear boundary line by the right back, who serves it across the net into the
opponents’ court. The ball is then volleyed back and forth until one team or the other fails to return the
ball. If the serving team makes an error, it loses the serve, and the receiving team scores a point. An
error by the receiving team gives one point to the servers. A team continues to serve as long as it scores.
A point is scored on each serve, by the team who wins the volley.

Teams are permitted three hits to return the ball across the net. One player may execute two of
the three hits, but not two in succession. Exception 1: A block of a spike is not considered as one of the
three hits, and the blocker may immediately play the ball again. Exception 2: If 2 or more teammates

Page 1 of 5
contact the ball simultaneously, it counts as ONE hit and either player is eligible for the next hit. You may
not block nor spike a serve.

The serve must go directly from the server to the opponents’ court and is allowed to touch the
net, as long as it goes over the net.

A match consists of the best of five games at the collegiate and high school levels. Volleyball
games are played to 25 points, but teams must win by at least 2 points, with no final score cap. A fifth
and deciding game is played to 15 points, must win by 2 points with no final score cap.

Reference: https://www.tamaqua.k12.pa.us.com

RULES OF THE GAME

Basic Volleyball Rules: How to Play Volleyball

A volleyball game consists of two teams of six players each, separated by a net. The six volleyball court
positions are: setter, middle blocker, outside hitter, opposite hitter, libero and serving specialist.

To score points, a team must send the ball over the net, grounding it into the opponent’s court.

Here are the fundamental, must-know rules of a volleyball game:

 Only 6 players on the floor at any given time: 3 in the front row and 3 in the back row.
 There is a maximum of 3 hits per side.
 Points are made on every serve for the winning team of rally (rally-point scoring).
 Players may not hit the ball twice in succession (a block is not considered a hit).
 Ball may be played off the net during a volley and on a serve.
 A ball hitting a boundary line is in.
 A ball is out if it hits an antennae, the floor completely outside the court, any of the net or cables
outside the antennae, the referee stand or pole, or the ceiling above a non-playable area.
 It is legal to contact the ball with any part of a player’s body.
 It is illegal to catch, hold or throw the ball.
 A player cannot block or attack a serve from on or inside the 10-foot line.
 After the serve, front-line players may switch positions at the net.
 Matches are made up of sets; the number depends on level of play.
 3-set matches are two sets to 25 points and a third set to 15. Each set must be won by two
points. The winner is the first team to win two sets.
 5-set matches are four sets to 25 points and a fifth set to 15. The team must win by 2 points
unless tournament rules dictate otherwise. The first team to win three sets is the winner.

Basic Volleyball Rule Violations

 Committing any of these volleyball rule violations results in a point for the opponent.
 Stepping on or across the service line when serving while making contact with the ball.
 Failure to serve the ball over the net successfully.
 Ball-handling errors and contacting the ball illegally (double touching, lifting, carrying, throwing,
etc.)
 Touching the net with any part of the body while the ball is in play.
 Blocking a ball coming from the opponent’s court and contacting the ball when reaching over the
net if your opponent has not used 3 contacts AND has a player there to make a play on the ball.

Page 2 of 5
  Attacking a ball coming from the opponent’s court and contacting the ball when reaching over the
net when the ball has not yet broken the vertical plane of the net.
 Crossing the court centerline with any part of your body, with the exception of a hand or foot. It is
only considered a violation if the entire hand or entire foot crosses the court centerline.
 Serving out of rotation or out of order.
 Back row player blocking (deflecting a ball coming from the opponent) when, at the moment of
contact, the back row player is near the net and has part of their body above the top of the net.
This is an illegal block.
 Back row player attacking a ball inside the front zone (the area inside the 3M/10-foot line) when,
at the moment of contact, the ball is completely above the net. This is an illegal attack.

Reference: https://www.theartofcoachingvolleyball.com/basic-volleyball-rules-and-terminology/

COURT/EQUIPMENT (ILLUSTRATIONS AND PICTURES)

Indoor Volleyball Court Dimensions

This volleyball court diagram shows the official indoor volleyball court specifications. The official indoor
court dimension is 9 meters by 18 meters with an attack line 3 meters from the center line on each side of
the court.

The Ball

The standard volleyball is made of leather or synthetic

leather, weighs between 9 and 10 ounces and has a
circumference of 25.6 to 26.4 inches. The ball has a
rubber bladder and can be one color or a combination of
colors. Synthetic leather is lighter and is fine for beginner
players. Junior volleyballs for children 12 years old and
younger weigh between 7 and 8 ounces.

Page 3 of 5
The Net and Court

The outdoor volleyball court measures 18 x 9 m, surrounded by a free zone that is 2 meters wide on all
sides. The minimum playing space for U.S. volleyball competitions is 7 meters. The volleyball net is 32
feet long by 3 feet wide. For women, the net should be 7 feet, 4 1/8 inches high. For men, the net should
be 7 feet, 11 5/8 inches high. U.S. regulation volleyball playing surfaces must be flat and not present any
hazards to the players.

Lines

The playing court is marked by two sidelines and two end lines. All lines must be 2 inches wide and must
be created with a light color that is easy to discern from the playing court. An attack line should be placed
three meters from the center line. The center line divides the court into two 9 x 9 meter courts.

Posts and Cables

The volleyball net structure is held together with metal cables and posts. Posts are placed 0.5 to 1.0
meter outside the sidelines and 2.55 meters high. Posts should be round, smooth and padded, to prevent
injury to the players should they dive or crash into them. Metal wires and cables may need to be covered
if it is determined that they present a danger to the players.

Antenna and Side Bands

Antenna are flexible rods that are 1.8 meters long made of fiberglass, fastened at the outer edge of each
side band. Side bands are two white bands attached vertically to the net and placed above each sideline.

Page 4 of 5
Reference: https://healthyliving.azcentral.com/guys-wear-volleyball-1495.html

BASIC SKILLS
6 Basic Volleyball Skills

The six basic volleyball skills are passing, setting, spiking, blocking, digging, and serving.

Passing is often thought of as the most important skill in volleyball. If you can't pass the serve, then you
won't ever put your team in a position to score a point.

The importance of serving is often undervalued. Many coaches don't teach players to serve aggressive
and use this opportunity to give the team an advantage for scoring points.

Blocking is perhaps the least taught skill in volleyball. Players can get away with poor blocking skills
because not blocking isn't going to hurt the team as much as being poor at executing other skills in
volleyball.

Digging is another skill that isn't focused on quite as much as most skills in volleyball.

Setting is the second step of passing, and it can be done to either dump the ball over into an undefended
spot or to “set” the ball into a position that allows the hitter to spike it over. The perfect set is a high ball,
just inches from the net. The setter position is considered to be the most important position in volleyball.
The setter basically runs the team offense.

Spiking is the act of slamming the ball in a downward motion across the volleyball net to the other team's
side of the court. When done well, spiking is very difficult to return, which is why it's an essential skill. A
proper spike will help accumulate points quickly.

Reference: https://www.strength-and-power-for-volleyball.com/basic-volleyball-skills.html

Page 5 of 5