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Senin - Ikoma Program Class
Senin - Ikoma Program Class
Active sentence is the verb form used when the subject of a sentence does the
action.
Passive sentence is the verb form used when the subject of a sentence is affected
by the action.
Active sentences
because there is no special key. Just pay attention with the tenses. As we know
Passive Sentences
The passive sentence has special ways to form it. Beside we have to pay attention
with movement of verbs, we have to give special attention with such thing.
participle form.
(in some cases, the preposition By can be omitted when it is not known or not
The most important thing that you have to know well and remember in forming
passive sentence is the general formula of passive sentences. Here is the formula:
To Be + Past Participle
As we know together that English has 16 tenses which have differences in using
and forming. Beside that English also has modals auxiliary which have some differences
each others. So here we just want to make classification active and passive sentences to
2. Present Continuous
Active Passive
(+) Tono is writing a letter (+) A letter is being written by Tono
(-) Tono is not writing a letter (-) A letter is not being written by Tono
(?) Is Tono writing a letter? (?) Is a letter being written by Tono?
3. Present Perfect
Active Passive
(+) She has closed the door (+) The door has been closed by her
(-) She has not closed the door (-) The door has not been closed by her
(?) Has she closed the door? (?) Has the door been closed by her?
(+) He has been waiting for you (+) You have been being waited for by him.
(-) He has not been waiting for you (-) You have not been being waited for by
5. Simple Past
Active Passive
(+) He stole a present (+) A present was stolen by him
(-) He did not steal a present (-) A preset was not stolen by him
(?) Did he steal a present? (?) Was a present stolen by him?
6. Past Continuous
Active Passive
( + ) She was explaining lessons ( + ) Lessons were being explained by her
( - ) She was not explaining lessons ( - ) Lessons were not being explained by
( ? ) Was she r explaining lessons/ her
( ? ) Were lessons being explained by her?
7. Past Perfect
Active Passive
( + ) Jono had helped me ( + ) I had been helped by Jono
( - ) Jono had not helped me ( - ) I had not been helped by Jono
( ? ) Had Jono helped me? ( ? ) Had I been helped by Jono?
9. Simple Future
Active Passive
( + ) He will open the door ( + ) The door will be opened by me
( - ) He will not open the door ( - ) The door will not be opened by me
( ? ) Will he open the door? ( ? ) Will I be opened the door?
Have something done and Get something done are both used to refer to actions which are
done for the subject rather than by the subject. Causative verbs are used instead of passive
verbs to show that the subject causes the action to be done.
I don´t know how to repair cars, so I´m having mine repaired at the garage round the
corner.
NOTE: The differences between have and get something done are that have is slightly
more formal than get, and that get is more frequent than have in the imperative form.
EXERCISE 1
4. A friend of mine, who´s an electrician, is going to repair my DVD player next week.
6. The town hall has just been rebuilt for the council.
Infinitive and Gerund
Infinitive
After certain verbs (with to) Example: He refused to pay the bill.
Gerund
Words with the same meaning Example: I started to read. / I started reading.
1 Fill the gaps with the verb in brackets in the appropriate form.
2 Check your answers and put the verbs in bold into the right columns. Translate the verbs.
as compound sentences that consist of main clause and subordinate clause. Conditional
Main clause is a part of compound sentence which can stand independently and
also has a complete meaning even though it’s separated from another part of compound
Future conditional is a sentence that contains requirement that will happen in the
Example:
This form is used if we want to imagine something that contrary with the condition
in the present time. In this case, the speaker is quite pessimist because the possibilities of
Example:
This form is used if we want to imagine other possibilities from an event that have
been happened in the past. In other words, this form can be used for expressing some
She would have passed the exam if she had studied hard before
If I had known it was going to rain, I would have taken my umbrella with me.
Conditional without If
Conditional sentence can also be used without using conjunction if. We can use these
following words:
Unless
You can use my car as long as you drive carefully (= but only if you drive
carefully)
Traveling by car is convenient provided (that) you have somewhere to park (=
but only if you have somewhere to park)
Providing (that) she studies hard, she should pass the examination (= but only
if she studies hard).
When you’re talking about the future, don’t uses will with unless, as long as,
Wish
Example:
Example:
If only I had more money, I could buy some clothes (= I don’t have money so
I don’t buy clothes.)
if only somebody had told us, we could have warned you. (= somebody didn’t
tell us, we couldn’t warn you)
The differences of the form and use between conditional sentences Type I, II, and
8. If only I had much money, I could buy some clothes. It means that :
a. I had much money c. I don’t buy clothes
b. I will not have much money d. I will buy clothes
9. I was late at the station this morning. I wish …….at the station on time.
a. I arrived c. I had arrived
b. I arrive d. I have arrived
10. Providing (that) she studies hard, she should pass the examination. It means that she
will not pass the examination if …….
a. she studies hard c. she did not study hard
b. she studied hard d. she does not study hard
III. What is the meaning or the real fact of the following sentences?
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