ACOUSTIC EMISSION TESTING

QUESTIONS

Q1. AE is
a. Dynamic and non invasive
b. Dynamic and invasive
c. Static and non invasive
d. Static and invasive

Q2. AE can be used in detecting

a. Static discontinuities
b. Where noise is very heavy
c. Geological application
d. Repeated application to find and confirm the result

Q3. Which will give more AE

a. Ductile
b. High strength
c. Low strength
d. All

Q4. Which will high AE

a. Thick section
b. Thin section
c. Varying section
d. Section having some isotropy

Q5. Which will give low AE

a. Low temperature
b. Brittle structure
c. Anisotropy
d. All
e. None

Q6. Which will give more AE

a. Cast material c. Non homogeneous
b. Martensitic phase d. All
transformation e. None
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Q7. Which will give low AE
a. Mechanical twinning
b. Large grain structure
c. Anisotropy
d. All
e. None

Q8. Which will give high AE

a. Wrought material
b. Plastic transformation
c. Diffusion controlled phase transformation
d. All
e. None

Q9. AE can be used to detect

a. Active discontinuities
b. Incipient fatigue failures
c. SCC
d. a & b only
e. a&b&c

Q10. Choosing the monitor frequency is

a. Dictated by the f/fg rule
b. An operator function
c. Such that it should be of narrow band nature
d. All
e. None

Q11. Usual frequency used in AE is

a. 20 HZ – 20 KHZ c. 100 KHZ – 20 MHZ
b. 100 KHZ – 300 KHZ d. 1 KHZ – 1 MHZ
Q12. The low frequency limit is covered by the
a. Electronic system used
b. Background noise
c. Operator capacity to interpret the result
d. a&b

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e. a & b & c

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Q13. Upper Frequency limit is
a. System electronic gain
b. Operator capacity to interpret result
c. Wave attenuation property of the material
d. a&b&c

Q14. Kaiser effect

a. Affects AE emission d. a and b
b. Reversible e. a, b and c
c. Irreversible
Q15. Kaiser effect is
a. Useful in AE application
b. Troublesum in AE application
c. Both a & b
d. Neither a & b

Q16. Degree of Kaiser effect

a. Is the same for all material
b. Is difference for difference material
c. Same for all material as long as same stress is applied
d. All
e. None

Q17. Kaiser effect

a. Increases with temperature
b. Decreases with temperature
c. It may become even zero for alloys that exhibit appreciable room
temperature annealing
d. None
Q18. Kaiser effect
a. Is exhibited by all metals
b. Is not exhibited by all metals
c. Some alloys and materials may not exhibit measurable Kaiser effect
d. None

Q19. For the material exhibiting Kaiser effect

a. Each AE signals will occur only once
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 b. If we remove and reapply same stress we can get AE signal
c. Both a & b
d. Neither a & b
Q20. For the material exhibiting Kaiser effect
a. AE inspection has a now or never basis
b. Same experiment can be repeated by changing the equipment and
operators
c. Conformation can be done by reapplying same load
d. All
e. None
Q21. So AE examination of the material
a. Should be used at carefully planned times
b. During the proof test
c. Before plant shutdown
d. a&b
e. a&b&c

Q22. For the AE test to be successful the discontinuities should be

a. At right angles to the wave propagation
b. At parallel to the wave propagation
c. At 90º the wave propagation
d. All
e. None

Q23. Sensitivity of the method

a. Increases with the distance between the AE source and transducer
b. Decreases with distance between AE source and transducer
c. Inversely proportional to the square of distance between AE source
and transducer
d. All
e. None
Q24. AE wave are
a. Elastic wave
b. Stress wave
c. Strain wave
d. a and b

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 e. b and c
Q25. AE wave propagation is affected by
a. Mode conversion
b. Different velocity for the different mode
c. Elasticity of the material
d. a and b
e. a&b&c

Q26. When using multiple AE transducer it is important to considered

a. Transducer coupling
b. Reproducibility of the response
c. Careful calibration technique
d. All
e. None

Q27. Transducer selection and placement does not depend on?

a. Acoustic property of the material
b. Geometric condition of the material
c. Orientation of the discontinuity
d. All

Q28. AE system sensitivity depends on

a. Transducer
b. Matched cable
c. Background noise
d. All
e. None

Q29. Additional transducer are required when

a. Section thickness changes
b. Nozzle etc.
c. Area adjutant to attachment
d. All
e. None – as the normal, usual number of sensor will take care of the
situation

Q30. Kaiser effect is predominant in

a. Metals
b. Woods
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 c. Composite
d. a and b
e. a & b & c
Q31. Usually the lowest load at which AE occurs
a. Less than 1 Mpa
b. More than 100 Mpa
c. More than 1000 Lb / sq.inch
d. All
e. None

Q32. In Kaiser effect

a. AE are detectable all the way upto the failure load
b. When the material has experienced no previous loading
c. Measurement of AE during loading can give indication about the
magnitude of maximum pressurization experienced prior to the test
d. All
e. None
Q33. *Kaiser effect has is a distinct correlation between
a. The magnitude of earlier loading
b. Duration of earlier loading
c. time between earlier loading and test loading
d. all
e. none

Q34. Dunegan corollary

a. Acoustic Emission during the proof load is the measure of damage
experienced during the proof loading
b. Acoustic Emission during the proof load is the measure of damage
experienced during the previous loading
c. Both
d. none
Q35. Felicity effect is the
a. break down of the Kaiser effect
b. Here the AE occurs at a load higher than the previous maximum
applied load
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 c. Here the AE occurs at a load lower than the previous maximum
applied load
d. a & b
e. a & c
Q36. AE testing
a. is active method
b. passive method
c. dynamic method
d. Static method

Q37. Felicity effect is more pronounced in

a. pressure vessel
b. FRP composite
c. Bucket Truck booms
d. All
e. None

Q38. Choose the correct statement

a. Felicity ratio is used in FRP
b. Felicity ratio is used in fiber glass vessel
c. Felicity ratio is a quantitative measure of felicity effect
d. All
e. None

Q39. Choose the correct statement

a. Kaiser effect is regarded as a special case of felicity effect
b. Felicity effect is regarded as a special case of Kaiser effect
c. Both effect dose not have any common feature as far as AE is
concerned
d. Done
Q40. Felicity ratio of Kaiser effect
a. =1
b. >1
c. <1
d. < 0.5

Q41. Kaiser effect fades

a. Where time dependent mechanisms control the deformation
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 b. Corrosion processing
c. Hydrogen embrittlement
d. All
e. None

Q42. In FRP, AE occur below the previous maximum load because

a. Relaxation matrix in a highly compressed composite
b. Event at lower loads then the previous maximum load stress is
transferred to fiber
c. Fiber breaks and emits AE
d. All
e. None
Q43. Preamplifier is connected
a. Before the sensor
b. Before the amplifier
c. After the sensor
d. a and b
e. b and c

Q44. Suppose a preamplifier has a gain 10dB and amplifier has gain
6dB then how much is the total gain?
a. 10dB
b. 6dB
c. 16dB
d. 60dB

Q45. Suppose a signal is 1 microvolt and preamplifier gain is 60dB then

what will be the output?
a. 3 microvolt
b. 1 millivolt
c. 60 microvolt
d. none

Q46. Suppose sensor signal is 1 microvolt and preamplifier gain is

40dB and amplifier gain 20dB and total output is
a. 800 microvolt
b. 800 volt
c. 1 millivolt
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 d. none
Q47. In AE signal amplitude can range from
a. 1 μvolt - 1 mvolt
b. 1 mvolt - 1 volt
c. 1 mvolt – 1 kv
d. 1 μvolt – 1 kv

Q48. Usual AE dynamic range is

a. 120dB
b. 120:1
c. 106:1
d. a and b
e. a and c

Q49. In AE the material under test

a. Is a part of the instrumentation
b. Acts as a mechanical filter
c. Acts as a wave guide
d. All
e. None

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Q50. Choose the correct statement
a. Transducer should be placed with in the acoustic shadow region of the
source
b. Transducer should be placed outside the acoustic shadow region of
the source
c. Number of the interface between the source and the transducers
should be known
d. All
e. None

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ACOUSTIC EMISSION TESTING
ANSWERS

Q.NO ANSWER QNO ANSWER

1 A 41 D
2 C 42 D
3 B 43 E
4 A 44 C
5 E 45 B
6 D 46 C
7 E 47 D
8 E 48 E
9 E 49 D
10 B 50 B
11 B
12 B
13 C
14 D
15 C
16 B
17 C
18 C
19 A
20 A
21 E
22 E
23 B
24 D
25 E
26 D
27 C
28 C
29 D
30 D
31 A
32 D
33 E
34 B
35 E
36 B
37 B
38 D
39 A
40 A

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