SMR

RAJAT
TECHNICAL MANUAL
FOR

EXTERNAL
CHARACTERISTICS OF
DC SHUNT GENERATOR

RAJAT RAJAT

Manufactured b; .

PREMIER TRADING CORPORATION

(An ISO 9001:2000 Certified Company)
212/1, Mansarover
Ciil Lines, MEERUT.
Phone:0121-2645457, 2654068
PREMIER TRADING CORPORATION

EXTERNAL CHARACTERISTIC OF SHUNT GENERATOR

AIM

To obtain and plot the externmal characteristic of a DC shunt generator at variaus t

pus load conditions.

INSTRUMENTSREQUIRED
FORDC MOTOR:
1. MC Voltmeter 96 x 96 mm flush mounted 0-300V - 1 No.

2. MC Ammeter 96 x 96 mm flush mounted 0-10 A. -1 No.

3. Tubular Rheostat 1.2 A. 260 Ohms - 1 No.

4. Indicating light
5. Educational type insulated terminals
6. DPIC Switch 16A, 240V.

FORDC ENERATOR:
1. MC Voltmeter 96 x 96 mm flush mounted 0-300V - 1 No.

2. MC Ammeter 96 x 96 mm flush mounted 0-5 or 10 A. - 1 No.

3. Tubular Rheostat 1.2 A. 260 Ohms - 1 No.

4- Indicating light
5. Educational type insulated terminals
6. Lamp Bank Load 230V in steps of 200 wats bulbs fitted on Panel.

THEORY
The external characteristic of DC generator represent the graphical relationship between
the terminal voltage and the load current, the generator being operated at constant rated spaed
and with the same excitation as under the no load conditions. The nature of this characteristic
depends upon the following factors.

) Voltage drop in the armature winding, interpole end compensating windings.

Voltage drop at the brush contact.

(ii) Vsltage drop due to armature reaction.

External characteristic of the generator indicates the fall in the tenninal voltage as u

load on the generator increases. External characteristic of a shunt generaior is more dro0pu
compared to that of separately excited generator. The fall in the terminal voltage due to in
in
can be compensated by an additional winding on the field system and connected S
in load
with the armture winding ie. by proving series field winding, thus making thie ge

compound generator,
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EYTERNAL CHARACTCRISTICSOF DC SHUNT GENERATOR

For ashunt generator the external characteristics is obtained with
the
constant resistance in
the exciting circuit, connections necessary for determining the characteristics
For the 1ormal test the resistance in the field regulator is adjusted as that experimentally.
normal e m f is
oenerated on open circuit and the resistance is not varied during the test which again is carried
out at constant speed and with the machine at its usual working temperature.

With the shunt generator the fall that takes place in the terminal
when load is put
on, is more marked then with the separately excited machine. The increased voltagedrop is due to the
fact that a drop in the terminal voltage results in a fall in the value of the exciting current with a
consequent fall in the value of the flux. When load is put on the shunt generator its voltage thus
tends to fall by a process of exactly a reverse nature to that of
"building up".

EXTERNAL CHARACTERITCS

LOAD CURRENT-

External characteristic ofa DCShunt Generator

WORKINC
We have selected instruments for machines of
following rating :-
. PRIME MOVER : D. C. Shunt wound, 3/2 HP, 220/230V. 1500 RPM.

2. 1CGENERATOR Self excited-Shunt wourvl 1.5/1.0 KW, 230V, 1500 RPM.

Both 1he m:a:ihines are flexibly coupled aud munted on comuon m.s. clhanne' base
PREMIER TRADING CORPORATION

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
Fig 'B' shows the circuit diagram of the DC motor and the DC
generato
the loaded conditions. Various instruments/equipment used in the circit
indicated against each. circuit serveoperat
the
ing under
function
-

i) DC Motor acts as a
prime-mover to the generator (coupled togcther
(i) Starter t o limit the starting current ind to protect the motor.

(il) Rheostat- to vary the speed of the motor in order to maintain rated SDeed

(iv) Rheostat- to vary the field current of the generator in order to obtain rated
voltage.
(v) Ammeter- to measure the load currént floWing through the generator.

(vi) Voltmeter -to measure the voltage across the load.

2A

220 V A A
d.c.supply MCO
022M)*()

Fig 'B': Schematic Diugramfor Load test on DC generator.

PROCEDURE
as per attached sheet.
1. Connect the circuit of motor and generator

the field circuit of

Set the rheostat, so that there is minimum external resistance in
2.
the motor.

resistance in the field circuit

Set the rheostat, so that there is maximum external
3.
of the generator.
Starter
and start it with the help of starter.
4 Switch on the supply to the DC motor
till the motor builds up its speed.
arm should be moved slowly,

in the field
rated value by varying tihe resistance
5. Adjust the speed of the motor to
circ:it of the motor.
so as to obtain rated voltage
. Adjust the field current of generator by rheostat R2,
at no load.
witch on the lamp bank load and adjust a certain value of load current, Say
7. and the terina
10
approximately of full load current. Record the load
percent
/oltage.
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8 Repeat step 7 by various values of load current, till the full load current of the
generator.

9. Switch off the load on the generator.

10. To stop the DC motor, switch off the DC supply.

PRECAUTiONS &MAINTENANCE
1. Never 'START the DC Shunt Motor against full load of Generator.

are use after a commutator of DC machine

2 When the DC machines put is gap, clean the
by means of soft sand paper.

when so required, to run

The position of Rocker Arm of machines should only be shifted,
the machine spark-free.
Carbons are too short
Check for proper tension of spring on the Carbon holder. If the
4.
replace it immediately with the new ones.
ceuure
V ehuccs 'hep m
t hen inc. V ug hf 'y to 4al
t 21 o v , ani see
be tabulated as follows.
OBSERVATIONS May

GENERATOR RPM
MOTOR lG RPM
Vs Is Va
der.

7 2 2o

Lo
vel. ali

ISho

2 SDU n
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