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/2, Pach]iajpk `a QqlanreoeÅj ]lnk^]`k lkn Paokhq_eÅj LÑ ..3+0..5+MCD?* `a ba_d] 1. `a ajank `a 0./5*
ik`ebe_]`klknPaokhq_eÅjLÑ..5+0..5+MCD?+ABuPaokhq_eÅjLÑ./6+0./5+MCD?+AB,

/3, J]]lnk^]_eÅj `ah Pach]iajpk`aQqlanreoeÅj `afÅoej aba_pkah Pach]iajpk`aQqlanreoeÅj Bena_p]* ]lnk^]`k

lkn Paokhq_eÅj `a Akjoafk Bena_perk L Ñ./4+0./3+MCD?-AB9 ah Pach]iajpk l]n] h] oq^o]j]_eÅj rkhqjp]ne] `a
ej_qilheieajpko `a iajkn pn]o_aj`aj_e]* ]lnk^]`k lkn Paokhq_eÅj `a Akjoafk Bena_perk LÑ.24+0./1+MCD?-
AB9 ah Pach]iajpk `a QqlanreoeÅj ?i^eajp]h* ]lnk^]`k ia`e]jpa Paokhq_eÅj `a Akjoafk Bena_perk L Ñ .27+
0./3+MCD?-AB9 u ah Pach]iajpk `a QqlanreoeÅj `a Cjpe`]`ao `a Deo_]hev]_eÅj ?i^eajp]h* ]lnk^]`k ia`e]jpa
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jeajpaj`eieajpk]hafan_e_ek`ah]bqj_eÅj,

/4 Pach]iajpk`aQqlanreoeÅj8

?np~_qhk/3,+Qk^nah]oq^o]j]_eÅju_h]oebe_]_eÅj`ahkoej_qilheieajpko,

53,58T R^]U^a\ XSPS R^] [^ TbcPQ[TRXS^ T] T[ ?XcTaP[ U# ST[ 5aclRd[^ *-- ST[ GTgc^ w]XR^ BaST]PS^ ST [P ?Th Ap */,,,
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PRaTSXcP [P bdQbP]PRXn] e^[d]cPaXP ST[ X]Rd\ _[X\ XT]c^ P]cTb ST[ X]XRX^ ST[ _a^RTSX\XT]c^ PS\ X]XbcaPcXe^ bP]RX^]PS^a$
bT SXb_^]Saj T[ PaRWXe^ ST[ Tg_TSXT]cT ST bd_TaeXbXn] T] TbcT TgcaT\^&

)-&* ?^b aT`dTaX\XT]c^b TUTRcdPS^b _^a [P 5dc^aXSPS ST Fd_TaeXbXn] ^ T[ bd_TaeXb^a \TSXP]cT [^b RdP[Tb SXb_^]VP
d]P PRcdPRXn] eX]Rd[PSP P[ X]Rd\ _[X\ XT]c^ ST d]P ^Q[XVPRXn]$ PRPaaTP] [P _kaSXSP ST[ RPajRcTa e^[d]cPaX^ ST [P
aTUTaXSP PRcdPRXn] `dT PRaTSXcT T[ PS\X]XbcaPS^& 9gRT_RX^]P[\T]cT$ T] RPb^ T[ X]Rd\ _[X\ XT]c^ RP[XUX`dT R^\^ [TeT h
T[ PS\ X]XbcaPS^ PRaTSXcT P]cTb ST[ X]XRX^ ST[ _a^RTSX\XT]c^ PS\ X]XbcaPcXe^ bP]RX^]PS^a [P R^aaTRRXn] ST [P R^]SdRcP
aT`dTaXSP _^a [P 5 dc^aXSPS ST Fd_TaeXbXn] ^ T[ bd_TaeXb^a$ [P Pdc^aXSPS R^aaTb_^]SXT]cT _^Saj SXb_^]Ta T[ PaRWXe^ ST[
Tg_TSXT]cT T] TbcT TgcaT\^&

)-&+ ?^b X]Rd\ _[X\ XT]c^b STcTRcPS^b bT R[PbXUXRP] T]2

P# =]Rd\_[X\XT]c^b [TeTb2 F^] P`dT[[^b `dT X]e^[dRaP]2 "X# d] aXTbV^ [TeT3 ^ "XX# X]Rd\_[X\XT]c^b ST d]P ^Q[XVPRXn] ST
5 8 I B 7 5 G H F  /13

RPajRcTa U^a\ P[ d ^caP `dT ]^ RPdbT SPm^ ^ _TaYdXRX^&

Q# =]Rd\_[X\XT]c^b caPbRT]ST]cTb2 F^] P`dT[[^b `dT X]e^[dRaP]2 "X# d] SPm^ P [P eXSP h'^ [P bP[dS ST [Pb _Tab^]Pb3 "XX# d]
SPm^ P [P U[^aP h '^ UPd]P3 "XXX# d] aXTbV^ bXV]XUXRPcXe^ ^ \^STaPS^3 ^$ "Xe# X]Rd\_[X\XT]c^b ST d]P ^Q[XVPRXn] ST RPajRcTa
U^a\ P[ d ^caP$ `dT RPdbT SPm^ ^ _TaYdXRX^&

CPaP [P STcTa\X]PRXn] ST[ aXTbV^ bT P_[XRPaj [P @Tc^S^[^VlP _PaP [P TbcX\PRXn] ST[ aXTbV^ P\QXT]cP[ `dT VT]TaP T[ X]Rd\_[X\XT]c^
ST [Pb ^Q[XVPRX^]Tb UXbRP[XiPQ[Tb _aTeXbcP T] T[ 5]Tg^ ,$ `dT U^a\P _PacT X]cTVaP]cT ST[ _aTbT]cT ETV[P\T]c^&

+10 Raoou Rknnao Q|j_dav

Copk l ani epa ej _kl k n]n h] n]v k j ] ^ ehe` ] ` /5 u h]k^hec]_eÅjej_qi lhe`]lqa`aoan`a_]n|_pan
lnklkn_ekj]he`]` ] h] p]na] `a beo_]hev]_eÅj* bkni]hk`akpnkpelk, 6
lkn_q]jpk_ki ku] daiko`e_dkaoqoq]hmqa TH
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l]n]_kj_hqenajiqhp]oiq_d]ora_aoenneokne]o, ^]fk _ki ajp]nek* oejk ] hko i a_]jeoi ko mqa
`eolkjaah Cop]`kl]n]]oacqn]noq lnkpa__eÅj,
N]n]qj]]`a_q]`]lkj`an]_eÅj`ah]o_kj`q_ò R]haoah_]ok`ahkoej_qilheieajpkorej_qh]`ko
p]o* oa d] ah]^kn]`k qj] i apk`khkc~] l]n] h] ] h] abe_]_e] `a h] beo_]hev]_eÅj ]i ^eajp]h mqa
aopei]_eÅj`ahjerah`aneaock]i^eajp]hmqacaò c ajan]j lanfqe_ek ]h Ål pei k afan_e_ek `a h]o
jan]ah ej_qi lhei eajpk`aqj]k^hec]_eÅj*mqa bqj_ekjao `a beo_]hev]_eÅj ]i ^eajp]h* _kj h]o
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peaja_ki k^]oahkoheja]i eajpkoaop]^ha_e`ko _q]hao oa ^qo_] ]oacqn]n ah _qi lhei eajpk `a D:
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aj h]Eq~] `a Cr]hq]_eÅj `aPeaock?i^eajp]h* h]o k^hec]_ekjao ]i ^eajp]hao beo_] hev ] na o, ?h :
0
lq^he_]`] lknah Kejeopanek`ah ?i ^eajpaajah lnaoajp]noaahnabane`klanfqe_ek*aopaej_qi lheò M
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la]SLC/3...60..6*aiepe`]lknh]?ok_e]_eÅj ##
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]`ah]jpa* ?CLMP +,
Ch jerah `a neaockaop] ]ok_e]`k ] h] lnk^]^eheò
`]``ah]k_qnnaj_e]`ahlahecnkk]iaj]v]mqa
cajan] ah ej _qi lhei eajpk u h] _kjoa_qaj_e]
mqaaopada_dkpaj`n~]ok^naahajpknjkj]pqò
n]h udqi ]jk,
?o~* jk okhk oa `apani ej] ah neaock ]i^eajp]h*
oejk oa aopei ] _q]h ao ah jerah mqa ]h_]jv]8
hara k oecjebe_]perk, N]n] ahhk ao ja_ao]nek mqa
ah oqlanreokn k^pajc] ejbkni ]_eÅj ok^na h]o
_kjoa_qaj_e]o `a hko ej_qi lhei eajpko ok^na
hko _ki lkjajpao `ah ]i ^eajpa* h] bhkn]* b]qj]
u lanokj]o mqa lq`eankj oan ]ba_p]`ko lkn ah
ej_qi lhei eajpk `a h] k^hec]_eÅj* _qi lheaj`k
_kj ahhk _kj ah lnej_elek `a napnk]hei ajp]_eÅj
`ah]bqj_eÅj`abeo_]hev]_eÅj,
Sj oac q j`k lqjpk ao ah nah]_ekj]`k _kj ah
`]Äk k lanfqe_ek ]jpa ah ej _qi l hei eajpk `a
k^hec]_ekjaobkni]hao q kpn]o,R]jpk aj hko ejò
ah bhqfk `a `a_eoeÅj ]jpa lnaoqjpko ej_qi lheò M
F
1
ieajpko, :
A]^a`aop]_]nmqah] i apk`khkc~] d]oe`kpn]oò
h]`]`] ] qj ]lhe_]perk ]h mqa oa]__a`a `ao`a
ah lknp]h ejopepq_ekj]h/7 u mqa laniepa mqa hko
]`iejeopn]`ko d]c]j oqo lnkleko afan_e_eko `a
r]hkn]_eÅj*bknp]ha_e}j`koa]o~h]lna`e_pe^ehe`]`,
d' Nnkbaoekj]heoik,
?bej`a]oacqn]nui ]jpajanh]o_]l]_e`]`aou
_ki lapaj_e]o* jk oÅhk `ah lanokj]h `ah MCD?*
oejk `a kpnko ]_pknao nahar]jpao mqa _kjpne^qò
uaju]lknp]jajahafan_e_ek`ah]obqj_ekjao`a
beo_]hev]_eÅj* oa _naÅ h] ?_]`ai e] `a Deo_]hev]ò
_eÅj?i ^eajp]h+aj]`ah]jpa ?D? +,
J]?D?^qo_]bknp]ha_anh]o_]l]_e`]`ao*^nej`]jò
:
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D:
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rkoaola_e]hev]`ko_kjh]bej]he`]``aa`q_]n`a ;D

_qilheieajpkoharao_ki kajhkopn]o_aj`ajpao* bkni]d|^eha~jpacn]ajbeo_]hev]_eÅj]i^eajp]h,

JM
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/5, Akiajp]nek ]l]npa iana_a h] ik`ebe_]_eÅj ejpnk`q_e`] aj h] Jau Eajan]h `ah Nnk_a`eieajpk ?`iejeopn]perk Ö
mqa _kjoe`an] _kik ateiajpa `a naolkjo]^ehe`]` h] _knna__eÅj rkhqjp]ne] `a h] _kj`q_p] ejbn]_pkn] ]jpao`ah
eje_ek`ahlnk_a`eieajpko]j_ekj]`kn*aj_kjpn]raj_eÅjé `ao`ajqaopnklqjpk`areop]é ]hlnklekNnej_elek`a
0
P]vkj]^ehe`]`aop]^ha_e`kaj`e_dk_qanlkhac]hmqaaop]^ha_amqajk`a^anaoqhp]ni]orajp]fkok]h ejbn]_pkn
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ejbnejcenmqa]oqienh]o_kjoa_qaj_e]o`aoqo]_pko,

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 DGESP? 2, Dhqfk`apki]`a`a_eoekjao`ah] Bena__eÅj`aQqlanreoeÅjMCD?/6,
P areop] a ` ep] ` ]  lkn ] hq i j k o `a h] D ] _ q hp] `  `a B a na _d k  `a h] S j er a no e` ] `  `a Jei ]

e' Papnk]hei ajp]_eÅj aj l nk c naok  h] ei l ha i a j p] _ eÅ j  `a p a _ j k ò

AkikoaÄ]h|n]ikolnare]iajpa*h]_]he`]`nacq+
h]pkne]jkoeailnaaoh]e`Åja]u*]qjmqahkbqan]*
`a^ana]hev]noaahikjepknakuh]ar]hq]_eÅjmqa
ei lkja qj ]`a_q]`k _e_hk `a bkniqh]_eÅj `a
lkh~pe_]olÇ^he_]o*l]n]mqa] l]npen`ahkonaoqhò
p]`ko oa] lkoe^ha r]he`]n k nalajo]n h] kl_eÅj
nacqh]pkne]ãilhaiajp]`],
hkc~]o `a ejbkni ]_eÅj mqa _kj pne^ q u]j  _kj
_kjp]n_kj `]p] aj h~ja] `a h]o oqlanreoekjao
_kj h] bej]he` ]`  `a a r] hq ] n l aneÅ ` e_] i aj pa 
ah _q i l hei ea j pk  `a h] nacqh]_eÅj u _k i l nk ò
ieoko ]i ^eajp]hao u lk` an napnk]hei ajp]n h]
beo_]hev]_eÅjp]j pk _kjahQeopai ] L ]_ekj]h`a
Cr]hq]_eÅj`aGi l]_pk? i ^eajp]h_ki kah`a
EaopeÅj ?i ^eajp]h,

?_pq]hi ajpa* oa aop| `ao]nnkhh]j`k qj oeopaò J] Decqn]3*iqaopn] h] nah]_eÅjajpnahkolnej_eò
i] `a naceopnk `a ejbkni ]_eÅj ^|oe_] `a h] leko]jpaoiaj_ekj]`koajahi]n_k`ahlnk_aok
oq l a nreoeÅ j 9 ] ` e_ ek j ] hi a j pa * oa a j _q a j pn] `aoqlanreoeÅjubeo_]hev]_eÅj,

DGESP? 3,
Gjpan]__eÅj`ahkolnej_elekol]n] qj]beo_]hev]_eÅjaba_per]0.,

á Ah]ne`]`aj hko
lnk_a`eieajpko
á Cre`aj_e]
á Cjbkmqa`a e
neaock
á Nnkbaoekj]heoik
5 8 I B 7 5 G H F  /13

/6, Dqajpauah]^kn]_eÅj8MCD?,

/7, K|oejbkni]_eÅjaj8:dppl8--sss,kab],]k^,la-]reoko-aopei]_ekj+neao]ko<,

0., Dqajpa8ah]^kn]_eÅjlnkle],

+12 Raoou Rknnao Q|j_dav

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lnej_elekoajhkomqaoaaji]n_]qj]beo_]hev]_eÅj `ah lnk_aok `abeo_]hev]_eÅj, 6
aba_per]ejpan]_pÇ]jajpnao~*_kilhaiajp]j`kqj K
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O,
`ao]nnkhh] ah i ]_nk lnk_aok `a beo_]hev]_eÅj ;>
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GT, AMLAJSQGMLCQ `ai ]jan] k l k npqj ]uoaha_per]_kj ^]oa] h]
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h]beo_]hev]_eÅjaobqj`]i ajp]hl]n]r]he`]nh]naò u *`a i ]jan] _kk n`ej]`]* ajpna hko `eranoko
cqh]_eÅju]oacqn]noqabe_]_e]*uaj_kjoa_qajò beo_]hev]`knao ] i ^ ea j p] ha o  _kj a j bk m q a  `a
_e]*]h_]jv]nhkok^faperko`alkh~pe_] lnareopko, neaock,

J] M A B C d] ` a o ] nnk hh] ` k  qj _ k j fq j pk  `a Jk]jpanekn`a^a_kilhaiajp]noa_kj h] iafkn]

l nej _ el ek o  l]n] qj] beo _ ] hev ] _ eÅ j  a ba _ per ]  aj h] `ebqoeÅj `a h] ejbkni]_eÅj mqa oacajana
ajpna hko mqa nao]hp]j8 beo_]hev]_eÅj aj ^]oa `ao`a ah MCD? u ah QGLCD? + Qeopai] L]_ekj]h
] are`aj_e]* oaha_pere`]`* ajbkmqa `a neaock* `a`aCr]hq]_eÅjuDeo_]hev]_eÅj?i^eajp]h +9]o~
reoeÅj `a h]nck lh]vk* lnkbaoekj]heoi k*pn]joò _kik_kjahbknp]ha_eieajpk`ah]oaopn]pace]o`a
l]naj_e]* lnki k_eÅj `ah _q i lhei eajpk* ] hko _qilheieajpk]`e_ekj]hao]hafan_e_ek`ah]lkpaoò
mqa oa]Ä]`aj  hko lnej_eleko`aklk npqj e`]` p]`o]j_ekj]`kn], ĘÍ
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Nnej_eleko`aqj] beo_]hev]_eÅj aba_per]uoq ]lhe_]_eÅj lknah knc]jeoik`aar]hq]_eÅj ubeo_]hev]_eÅj ]i^eajp]h+MCD? +13