Music Theory Online Resources + musictheory.net + teoria.com + courseraorg + tobyrush.com Accidentals Double Flat Natural Sharp Double Sharp Clefs Treble Clef: + "Gcler” + Circles G Line Alto/Tenor Clef: + "Clef" + Middle Cis in the middle te. eo {es Alto Clef Bass Clef: ° “Felef” * nebetweeneve SEZ F dots is an F * Double Flat = lower 1 whole step * Flat= lower 1 halfstep * Natural = cancels previous accidentals * Sharp = raise 1 half step * Double sharp = raise 1 whole step Note Values/Subdivisions Double Whole Note (breve) Whole Notes Half Notes foe i tact) | tte) wore DOONAN rownows SII SBA Dotted Notes Total duration = base note + 1/2 of the base note fo Double dotted = base note + 1/2 base + 1/4 base A alt h+ Ties Ties connect only two notes of the exact same pitch Types of Meters Simple + Top number: 2, 3, or 4 + Number of beats = top number + Subdivides in to groups of two Compound + Top number: 6,9, or 12 + Number of beats = top number = 3 + Subdivides in to groups of 3 Complex + Everything else + Subdivision and number of beats is irregularIntervals Always find the distance first and then add (or analyze) accidentals to create the inflection Distance + Count the lines an spaces between the notes + Lis on the line/space that the bottom note ison * Include the line/space the top note is on when counting Inflection * Diminished, minor, major, augmented Scales (Major and minor) Major Scale ‘+ Series of whole and half steps * W-W-H-W-W-W-H + Outer circle in the circle of Sths aoe o Oe ee Natural Minor Scales : + Series of whole and half steps + W-H-W-W-H-W-W aan Ohar stees + Same going up and down Minor 2nd Thalf step 29 + Inner circle in the circle of Sths Major 2nd Zhalf steps | ge a Sa half st o2 Minor 3rd 3 half steps ze ena Major 3rd 4half steps = & | Harmonic Minor Scales Perfect 4th 5 half steps ge + Raised 7" scale of natural minor scale by a8 1/2 step Tritone 6 half steps ge + Same going up and down & 3 | Melodic Minor Scales Perfect Sth 7 half steps Ss : bis = 2h * Raise 6 and 7® scale degrees of natural Minor 6th B half steps as minor by 1/2 step going up ere | Shalfsteps a2 . Return tothe natural minor scale going "Minor Teh TOhalfsteps |) Natural Minor z “s | Major 7th Ithalf steps & Ree Harmonic Minor Octave IZhalf steps Parallel and Relative Keys (scales) Relative Keys + Same key signature * Different starting notes + Same wedge in the circle of Sths + Relative minor scale will start on the 6 scale degree of a major scale + Relative major scale will start on the 3" scale degree of a minor scale Parallel Keys + Different key signatures + Same starting note + Same letter on the circle of Sths + Build major/minor scales on same note Scale Degrees ‘Number given to each note ina scale First note is 1 Go up to7 Restart counting at each octave ieee) 3Triads Root, 34, and 5th * Chord with only 3 notes + Towrite a triad . Build a snowman Fifth 2, Add accidentals eaeeet Diminished triad + Two minor thirds stacked on top of each other Minor triad To find the root, third and fifth the triad should be in root position ("snowman"). Major triad + Major third on the bottom Triad Name * Minor third on top Name = root + quality Example: D Major Major triad Augmented triad + Two Major thirds stacked on top of each other oe an Root =D Inversions Root position + The root in on the bottom =r BE First inver od * The third is on the bottom —— BF ne tea | Second inversion tase eee * The fifth is on the bottom oot Position First inversion Second Inversion Diatonic Function and Roman Numeral AnalysisC}D m FIGIA]5 FIGIA|B