COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT ON ANTIBIOTIC MEDICATION COMPLIANCE IN

BARANGAY GUIZO, MANDAUE CITY

A Research Proposal
Presented to the Faculty of the
College of Medicine
Cebu Doctors’ University

In Partial Fulfillment of the

Requirements for
Research in Medicine I
Block I Module 4

By:

Alpas, Donna Bella C. Pacilan, Mia Cielo C.

Chettipally, Bernice Benoni Palma, Czarah Mechelle S.
Javier, Louise Bernadette B. Rajulapati, Govinda Raja
Kumbagiri, Divya Sarza, Sergio Jr. T.
Lumapas, Cyrus Marc R. Tasik, Ronald Joseph T.

Dr. Steven Matiga

Research Mentor
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Table of Contents.....................................................................................................i
List of Tables...........................................................................................................ii
List of Figures..........................................................................................................ii
Introduction.............................................................................................................1
Rationale.............................................................................................................1
Review of Related Literature...............................................................................4
Significance.........................................................................................................7
General Objective............................................................................................7
Specific Objectives..........................................................................................7
Conceptual Framework.......................................................................................8
Scope and Limitations.........................................................................................9
Materials and Methods.........................................................................................10
Research Design...............................................................................................10
Research Instrument.........................................................................................10
Ethical Consideration........................................................................................10
Research Locale...............................................................................................12
Research Respondents....................................................................................12
Exclusion Criteria...........................................................................................13
Preliminary Preparation.....................................................................................13
Actual Data Gathering.......................................................................................14
Analysis.............................................................................................................15
Definition of Terms................................................................................................17
Reference List.......................................................................................................19
Appendices...........................................................................................................21
A: Letter to the Questionnaire Authors.............................................................22
B: Letter to the Barangay Captain.....................................................................25
C: Questionnaire...............................................................................................27
D: Informed Consent Form...............................................................................29
E: Tables for Responses...................................................................................36
F: Barangay Guizo Profile.................................................................................40
G: GANTT Chart/Timeline.................................................................................46
H: Research Budget..........................................................................................51
I: Researchers’ Curricula Vitae.........................................................................53

LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Age of Respondents...............................................................................37
Table 2: Gender Distribution of Respondents......................................................37
Table 3: Occupation of Respondents...................................................................37
Table 4: Educational Attainment...........................................................................37
Table 5: Oral Broad Spectrum Antibiotic use frequency......................................37
Table 6: Antibiotic Use..........................................................................................38
Table 7: Compliance of Prescribed Antibiotic Use...............................................38
Table 8: For Compliance and Unprescribed Antibiotic Use.................................39
Table 9: Determination of Acquisition of Antibiotics (Where do you buy?)..........39
Table 10: Determination of Acquisition of Antibiotics (Supporting Questions).....39
Table 11: Research Budget..................................................................................52

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1: Conceptual Framework...........................................................................8

INTRODUCTION

Rationale

Medication compliance, also called medication adherence, refers to the

act of conforming to the recommendations made by a health care provider with

respect to timing, dosage, frequency of medication taking. 1 However, poor

medication compliance is widespread and well-recognized nowadays, leading to

poor health outcomes and increased healthcare costs. 2 In long-term

pharmacotherapy, usually effective in combating chronic illnesses, their full

benefits are often not realized because approximately 50% of patients do not

take their medications as prescribed.3

Lack of medication adherence will lead to serious consequences which

range from unnecessary disease progression, disease complications, reduced

functional abilities, a lower quality of life, to ultimately, premature death; thus,

failure to ensure medication compliance affects not just individuals, but their

families, and in overarching manner, society and the health care system as well,

compounded with the economic burden that this will bring. 4

Lack of medication adherence may also be due to prevailing cultural or

socioeconomic conditions that exist within a society. In the Philippines, for

example, Filipinos usually interrupt, or altogether stop, medications, especially

maintenance medications, justified by claims that they feel well enough from just

a few days of medication, and thus can safely stop taking it. 5 This is done by

1
Filipinos, often without the knowledge of possible complications that lack of

medication compliance may be incurred, at their expenses, compounding their

pathophysiological, personal and socioeconomic conditions.

Most antibiotic consumption, of which most commonly prescribed and

taken by patients are oral broad spectrum antibiotics, is in response to

community-acquired infections and takes place in an outpatient setting; but

overall noncompliance is 37.8% of outpatients taking antibiotics; electronic

measurements even range it higher to 70% of noncompliance, which may be

arguably related to the asymptomatic nature of chronic illnesses. 6 This again will

lead to the consequences of the lack of medication compliance.

The aim of this study is to determine the degree of antibiotic medication

compliance in Barangay Guizo, Mandaue City. The barangay was chosen

primarily because of its accessibility for the researchers to the local government

and respondents. This will be performed through a validated questionnaire by

Dela Cruz and Narvasa which has been translated to the local dialect, Cebuano,

so it would be easier for respondents to comprehend and answer. The

questionnaire will assess the respondents’ medication practice, and using the

Chi-square formula, their profile will be correlated to their levels of medication

compliance. This study will be used to augment the few published studies that

are done in the local Cebuano setting with regards to the Cebuano populations’

degree of medication compliance, which will hopefully help health care

stakeholders be aware of the current state of medication compliance of

2
Cebuanos, and create the appropriate programs necessary to enhance

medication compliance, as tool of primary prevention to prevent morbidities, and

mortalities, in our communities.

3
Review of Related Literature

Antibiotics (or also called antibacterials) are chemical substances derived

from microorganisms that inhibit the growth or kill microorganisms and is

intended to cure infections. It may be classified as narrow or broad, where the

former targets specific microorganisms while broad-spectrum antibiotics are

effective against a wide range of microorganisms. 7 Antibiotics are considered

among the most commonly sold drug classes in the developing countries. 8 The

irrational and overuse of antibiotics, or antibiotic medication noncompliance,

result not only in the emergence of resistant bacterial strains but also in adverse

reactions and socioeconomic burden on health systems, which may be due to

economic conditions, lack of physician oversight, pharmaceutical marketing, and

the degree to which antibiotics can be purchased without prescription. 9

Adherence to therapies is a primary determinant for treatment success.

Poor adherence would reduce clinical benefits and therefore reduce the overall

effectiveness of health systems. In fact, the World Health Organization gives the

following main points in its report, Adherence to Long-Term Therapies: Evidence

for Action: poor adherence to treatment of chronic diseases is a worldwide

problem of striking magnitude, where the impact of poor adherence grows as the

burden of chronic disease grows worldwide. The consequences of which are

poor health outcomes and increased health care costs. Improving adherence

should enhance patients’ safety, as such it is an important modifier of health

system effectiveness.10
4
 Several international studies have determined the patients’ awareness of

antibiotic use with relations to their demographics. An example of which were

those in Bahraini health centers and community pharmacies. Using a cross-

sectional study with 306 respondents, the study results included the following:

1. Males tended to think that antibiotics were reusable for other similar

cases;

2. Younger adults did not care much about the administration as long as the

daily doses were followed;

3. Patients with higher education were like to give positive answers

compared with the less education.

4. Majority of respondents were able to specify the generally known

antibiotics from amoxicillin, erythromycin, and cefuroxime;

5. Some respondents misapprehend about medication use as regards to

daily doses, stopping time and reusability.

This led them to conclude that a national awareness campaign should be

implemented to educate the public, in general. 11 Similarly, the UK Department of

Health funded a similar antibiotic survey of British households. It also similarly

showed that less educated respondents were less knowledgeable of antibiotics.

However, compared to the Bahraini study, 22% of young respondents were

unable to complete the medication regimen, also in contrast to the 4% of all

respondents over 55 years. 11.3% of respondents failed to finish their last

prescribed course, as they reported that they felt better, or that they forgot to take
5
them, or even that they stopped taking medications because of side-effects. The

study suggested that future campaigns should be focused towards the youth, and

those with lower levels of education, as well as modifying consultation behavior

and other behavioral components involved in patient expectation for antibiotics. 12

In an Omani population with 850 participants, there was a significant percentage

of respondents who were not able to comply with the prescribed antibiotic

regimen in the study, indicating a need for proper counselling to ensure patient

compliance with antibiotic regimen, which demonstrated a need for appropriate

public education on the purpose and action of antibiotics. 13

Other studies have already been conducted regarding factors which

contribute to medication noncompliance, and these would include socio-

demographic factors, health system related factors, therapy-related factors, and

patient related factors. These have demonstrated would generally affect all ages,

both sexes and all levels of educational attainment and social status. 10

Published research regarding antibiotic medication compliance has been

scant in the Philippines, much more locally in Cebu. Unpublished theses may

actually be sources of local information, such as the study by Narvasa and Dela

Cruz, which revealed that 50.5% of respondents have taken antibacterials

without prescription, while 49.6% took only prescribed antibacterials. The most

prevalent practice of misuse was due to abrupt discontinuation of antibiotic

regiment upon alleviation of symptoms. And through the Chi-squared test for

independence, the respondents’ practices towards antibiotic medication regimen

6
were not influenced by age, gender, educational attainment, and occupation.

They have recommended that public awareness be enlightened, especially from

health institutions and organizations. 14

Significance

General Objective

This study will provide an overview of the levels of medication compliance among

community residents in barangay Guizo, Mandaue City, with regards to oral

broad spectrum antibiotics.

Specific Objectives

Specifically, its aims to:

1. Determine the demographics of the respondents, as to their:

a. Age

b. Gender

c. Average monthly income

d. Occupation

e. Educational attainment

2. Determine current respondents’ practice in the use of oral broad spectrum

antibiotics;

3. And correlate the respondents’ demographics and practice with the

degree of medication compliance.

7
Conceptual Framework

Figure 1: Conceptual Framework

The survey will be carried out in Barangay Guizo, Mandaue City, during

October 2015. Accompanied by barangay health workers, researchers will go to

the different households within the barangay, to conduct the survey, using the

questionnaire developed by Dela Cruz and Narvasa.

After data collection, all data will be tabulated and collated by the

researchers (Appendix E). Specifically, respondent demographics will be

correlated to the levels of antibiotic medication practice, to determine the levels

of antibiotic medication compliance among community residents in Barangay

Guizo, Mandaue City.

8
Scope and Limitations

The scope of the study are all consenting residents of Barangay Guizo,

Mandaue City, who have used previously used, at least once, oral broad

spectrum antibiotics. Excluded would be respondents who are currently taking

antibiotics as levels of compliance, which implies completion or non-completion,

cannot be determined with those undergoing treatment presently. Respondents

must be at least 18 years old at the time of the survey, and must consent, as

demonstrated through the signing of the Informed Consent Form (Appendix D).

Respondents will be given 15 to 20 minutes to answer the questionnaire. For the

purposes of the study, the medications will be limited to oral broad spectrum

antibiotics only. The truthfulness and ability to correctly remember information

regarding practice will also be a limiting factor. The study will be performed on

the second semester of AY 2015-2016. Data gathering and compilation will be

done by researchers, and statistical correlation and interpretation will be done

with the assistance of the University Statistician.

9
MATERIALS AND METHODS

Research Design

The descriptive normative study method, particularly the questionnaire

and guided interview method, was used. This involves interpretation,

comparison, measurement, classification, and generalization all towards a proper

understanding and solution to the problem. 15

Research Instrument

The research instrument is a validated questionnaire developed by

Narvasa and Dela Cruz to determine the respondents’ practices of antibiotic use

and opinion on the antibiotic dispensing practices of pharmacists. 14 Approval

from both authors were obtained for the use of this instrument (Appendix A).

Ethical Consideration

Ethical approval was sought from the Institutional Ethics Review

Committee. This research study will be conducted in accordance with the World

Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: Ethical Principles for Medical

Research Involving Human Subjects.

Medical research is subject to ethical standards that promote respect for

all human subjects and protect their health and rights. Researchers will consider

the ethical, legal, and regulatory norms and standards for research involving

human subjects in the Philippines and well as applicable international norms or

standards.

10
 It is also the duty of the researchers to protect the life, health, dignity,

integrity, right to self-determination, privacy, and confidentiality of personal

information of respondents. The research will conform to generally-accepted

scientific principles, based on a thorough knowledge of scientific literature and

other relevant sources of information.

Participation by competent individuals as respondents will be voluntary.

Although it may be appropriate to consult family members or community leaders,

no competent individuals may be enrolled in the research unless he or she freely

agrees. The potential respondent will be adequately informed of the aims,

methods, funding, conflicts of interest, institutional affiliations, anticipated benefits

and risks of the study, and other relevant aspects of the study. The potential

respondent will be informed of their right to refuse to participate in the study or to

withdraw consent to participate at any time without reprisal. Consenting

participants who wish to be respondents of the study will be made to understand,

and voluntarily sign the Informed Consent Form (Appendix B).

The researchers all have ethical obligations with regard to publication of

the results of the research. It is the researchers’ duty to make publicly available

the results of the research, which should adhere to accepted guidelines for

ethical reporting, with even negative and inconclusive, and positive results,

should be published or otherwise made publicly available. 16

11
Research Locale

Barangay Guizo is a barangay in Mandaue City, in the province of Cebu. It

is bounded by Barangays Bakilid and Maguikay to the northwest, Ibabao-

Estancia and Mantuyong to the East, and Tipolo to the South. Health

establishments within the area include local medical and dental clinics, local

community pharmacies, including a branch of the national chain, Rose

Pharmacy, located along the National Highway, and the Barangay Health Center

beside the Guizo Barangay Hall. The nearest hospital is the Dr. Ignacio M.

Cortes General Hospital. However, it is located outside the barangay, in

Barangay Centro, Mandaue City.

Research Respondents

The residents of Barangay Guizo, Mandaue City, are the target

respondents of the study. The latest population surveyed, as of 2014, was

11,326, with 1,575 households (Appendix F). Barangay approval (Appendix B)

was sought prior to implementation of the survey. Sampling plan will consist of

random sampling of individuals residing in the barangay, with the researchers

being guided by the barangay health workers within the different sitios,

distributing the 10 researchers around the barangay. Sample size will be

z 2∝ pq
computed through one sample proportion n= 2 with a 3% margin of error and
e

α = 0.05. With this, a sample size of 976 was obtained.

12
 Respondents will be individuals aged 18 years old and above, who have

taken oral broad spectrum antibiotics, and who reside in Barangay Guizo,

Mandaue City as of the time of the conduct of the study (October 19 – 30, 2015),

and have voluntarily consented and signed the Informed Consent Form, are

included in the study.

Exclusion Criteria

Respondents who claim to not have taken any oral broad spectrum

antibiotics are excluded from the study. Also, respondents who refuse to

participate for any reason, or do not sign the Informed Consent Form, will also be

excluded from the study. Also, excluded would be respondents who are currently

taking antibiotics as levels of compliance, which implies completion or non-

completion, which cannot be determined with those undergoing treatment

presently.

Preliminary Preparation

Transmittal letters were initially sent to the Hon. Jesus Neri, Barangay

Captain of Barangay Guizo, informing him of the researchers’ intent to conduct

the study in Barangay Guizo on July 22, 2015. At the same time, permission was

obtained from Narvasa and Dela Cruz for permission to use the research

instruments for the study. A transmittal letter was also sent to the Dean of the

College of Medicine for permission for the researchers to conduct the study.

Consent to perform the study will be obtained from the Institutional Ethics Review

13
Committee upon review of the research proposal and the Informed Consent

Form.

Title screening and approval was obtained from the libraries of the College of

Medicine and the University. And after approval of the first draft by the research

mentor, advice for sample size determination, research tool evaluation, and

advice for statistical treatment was obtained from the Research Office.

Necessary revisions to the draft were done upon receipt of the generated reports

and comments by the office.

Actual Data Gathering

After ethical approval and antiplagiarism screening, and approval to

conduct the study, the survey will be carried out in Barangay Guizo, Mandaue

City, during October 19 – 30, 2015. Accompanied by barangay health workers,

researchers will go to the different households within the barangay, to conduct

the survey, using the questionnaire developed by Dela Cruz and Narvasa. The

respondents will be given 15-20 minutes to answer the questionnaire. The

researcher will help clarify terms unclear to the respondent. Further questions

may be asked by the respondent to the researcher.

After data collection, all data will be tabulated and collated by the

researchers (Appendix E). Correlation, analysis, and interpretation, will be

performed after data collection. Specifically, respondent demographics will be

correlated to the levels of antibiotic medication practice, to determine the levels

14
of antibiotic medication compliance among community residents in Barangay

Guizo, Mandaue City.

Analysis

Demographics, such as age, gender, monthly income, occupation, and

educational attainment will be quantified using percentage.

All of the succeeding questions will also be quantified using frequency and

percentage (Appendix E). To correlate the respondents’ demographics and

practice with the degree of medication compliance, the chi-square test for

independence will be used.

The determination of the correlation will be calculated by first tallying the

actual count contingency of a demographic, and calculating the expected

frequency for each item. And using the chi-square formula, the value obtained

will be compared to the critical value for the 0.05 level of significance with its

respective degree of freedom. If the obtained value is lesser than the critical

value, then it can be concluded that the demographic will not influence, or is not

correlated to the assessed item.

Gender, age, educational attainment, occupation will each be correlated to

the practice of using and misusing antibiotics, represented by the following

questions:

a. 2 (Is the antibiotic prescribed by a doctor?) which represents the degree to

which respondents obtain prescriptions for antibiotics.

15
 b. 3.1 (Do you follow instructions given by your physician on how to take

your antibiotics?) which represents the degree to which respondents may

or may not follow instructions by the physician.

c. 3.2 (Are you following the usual 3 times a day for 7 days required

antibiotic regimen?) which represents the degree to which respondents

who may or may not follow the prescribed usual regimen.

d. 3.3 (Do you skip taking antibiotics?) which represents the degree to which

respondents skipping regimens.

e. 3.3.1 (Do you double the dose on the following schedule?) which

represents the degree to which respondents double dose in compensation

of skipping doses.

f. 3.3.2 (Do you stop taking antibiotics when symptoms subside?) which

represents the degree to which respondents stop taking antibiotics when

symptoms subside.

g. 4 (Do you bring your prescription when you purchase antibiotics?) which

represents the degree to which respondents purchase and use

unprescribed or prescribed antibiotics.

From this correlation, what can be found out would be the degree of influence

that demographics would have to the practice of antibiotic use or misuse,

therefore its antibiotic medication compliance.

The rest of the questions will be used in the discussion to assess the

frequencies and percentages of respondents in terms of what medications are

16
used (question 1), using prescribed antibiotics (question 2), why do respondents

skip taking antibiotics, from whom do respondents get recommendations

(question 5), where do respondents usually buy antibiotics (question 6), reasons

for taking antibiotics (questions 7), finding whether respondents find medications

expensive, and whether they purchase by parts or as a whole (questions 8, 8.1

and 8.2), the belief of the importance of completing medications (question 9), and

pharmacist counseling (questions 10 to 12). These questions will give the

reasons and sources of the influence of practices on antibiotic medication

compliance.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

1. Antibiotics (or also called antibacterials) – chemical substances derived

from microorganisms that inhibit the growth or kill microorganisms and is

intended to cure infections.7

2. Community assessment – description of community and its people. Its

purpose is to identify the needs of a community in order to provide

services appropriate to those needs.17

3. Medication compliance – (synonym: adherence) refers to the act of

conforming to the recommendations made by the provider with respect to

timing, dosage, and frequency of medication taking. 1

4. Medication persistence – the duration of time from initiation to

discontinuation of therapy.1

17
5. Medication noncompliance – inability to conform to the recommendations

made by the provider with respect to timing, dosage, and frequency of

medication taking.

6. Practice – the actual application or use of an idea or belief as opposed to

theories about such application or use.18

7. Regimen – a program, including pharmacotherapy, which regulates

aspects of one’s lifestyle for a hygienic or therapeutic purpose. 19

18
REFERENCE LIST
1. Cramer JAR, Anuja; Fulderore, Mahesh J.; Burrell, Anita; Ollendorf, Daniel
A.; Fairchild, Carol J.; Wong, Peter K. Medication Compliance and
Persistence: Terminology and Definition. International Society for
Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research. 2008;II(1):44-7.
2. Medicine ACoP. MEDICATION ADHERENCE – IMPROVING HEALTH
OUTCOMES. 2011.
3. Brown MT, Bussell JK. Medication adherence: WHO cares? Mayo Clinic
proceedings. 2011;86(4):304-14.
4. Saranza GRMS, Derick Erl P.; Sia, Isidro C. Factors associated with
Patients' Incomplete Understanding of Prescriptions: Acta Medica
Philippina; 2009 [cited 2015 August 27, 2015]. Available from:
http://actamedicaphilippina.com.ph/content/factors-associated-patients-
incomplete-understanding-prescriptions.
5. De Guzman EF, Maria Adoracion. The Impact of the Cheaper Medicines Act
on Households in Metro Manila: A Qualitative Study. In: Studies PIoD,
editor.: Philippine Institute of Development Studies; 2014.
6. Kardas P. Noncompliance in Current Antibiotic Practice. Infect Dis Clin
Pract. 2006;14:S11-S4.
7. Engelkirk PD-E, Janet. Microbiology for the Health Sciences. 9th ed.
Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011.
8. Buke AE, M; HOsgor-LImoncu, M. Rational antibiotic use and academic
staff. International journal of antimicrobial agents. 2003;21:63-6.
9. Saga TY, Keizo. History of Antimicrobial Agents and Resistant Bacteria.
Japan Medical Assocation Journal. 2009;52(2):103-8.
10. World Health Organization. Adherence to Long-Term Therapists: A Call to
Action. In: Organization WH, editor. 2003.
11. Winit-Watjana W, Alqallaf S. Patients′ awareness of antibiotic use in
Bahraini health centers and community pharmacies. Archives of Pharmacy
Practice. 2015;6(2):24.
12. McNulty CA, Boyle P, Nichols T, Clappison P, Davey P. The public's
attitudes to and compliance with antibiotics. The Journal of antimicrobial
chemotherapy. 2007;60 Suppl 1:i63-8.
13. Al-Zadjali JJBJMNSA-MTSNA-HHM. Knowledge, Beliefs and Behaviours
Regarding the Adverse Effects of Medicines in an Omani Population. Sultan
Qaboos University Med J. 2015;15(2):250-6.
14. Narvasa BJDC, Sheila Mae A. Current Consumer Use and Pharmacist
Dispensing Practices on Orally Taken Broad-Spectrum Antibacterials in
Barangay Talamban, Cebu City, Philippines. Cebu City: University of San
Carlos; 2014.
15. Calmorin LPC-P, Ma. Laurenelch P. Nursing Research. Mandaluyong City:
National Book Store; 2008. 359 p.
19
16. World Medical Association. WORLD MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
DECLARATION OF HELSINKI: Ethical Principles for Medical Research
Involving Human Subjects. World Medical Association; 2008.
17. National Network of Libraries of Medicine. Guide 1: Set the Direction with a
Community Assessment: National Network of Libraries of Medicine; [cited
2015 August 27, 2015]. Available from:
https://nnlm.gov/outreach/community/planning.html.
18. Oxford Dictionaries. Oxford dictionaries: practice [cited 2015 August 27,
2015]. Available from:
http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/us/definition/american_english/practice.
19. Medical term: regimen [cited 2015 August 27, 2015]. Available from:
http://www.drugs.com/dict/regimen.html.

20
APPENDICES

21
A: Letter to the Questionnaire Authors

22
23
B: Letter to the Barangay Captain

24
25
C: Questionnaire

26
 MEDICATION COMPLIANCE QUESTIONNAIRE
Developed by Dela Cruz and Narvasa (2014)
Part I: Mga Panugon
Maayong adlaw!
Palihug ug tubag sa mga pangutana sa makaya nimo ug hinumdum ug sakto. Kung naa’y mga pangutana nga naghatag
ug mga pipilian nga naa’y mga kahon, palihug ug check sa kahon o mga kahon sa imong mga tubag. Kung
nagkahinanglan na ihatag ang ensakto na tubag, sama sa ensaktong pangalan o rason, palihug ug suwat sa mga linya
(nga nagsugod ug: “Others, please specify:”) na gibutang para nila.
Kung lisod o dili masabtan ang mga pangutana, palihug ug ingon sa mga researchers nga naghatag ani nga
questionnaire para matabangan ka nila sa pagtubag.
Daghang salamat!
Part II: Imong Personal na Informasyon
Pangalan (pwede ra dili ibutang): ____________________________ Edad (isubay sa tuig): _____________ □ Babaye □
Lalake
Sweldo kada buwan (pwede ra dili ibutang): ____________________ Trabaho:
_______________________________________
Ang Imong Naagi o Nahuman na Pag-eskwela: □ Elementary □ High School □ College □ Technical (sama sa TESDA,
etc.) □ Wala
Part III: Mga pangutana bahin sa imong pag-tumar ug antibiotics
1. Nakatumar na ba ka aning mga sumusunod na mga tambal? (Have you taken any of these antibiotics?)
1.1. Penicillins
□ Amoxicillin
□ Ampicillin
□ Penicillin
□ Others, please specify: ________________________________________________________
1.2. Celphalosporins
□ Cefuroxime
□ Cefalexine
□ Cefaclor
□ Others, please specify: ________________________________________________________
1.3. Combination antibiotics
□ Co-amoxiclav
□ Co-trimoxazol
2. Giresetahan ba ni nga antibiotic sa doktor? (Kung dili gikan sa doktor, diretso sa # 5) Oo Dili
(Is the antibiotic prescribed by a doctor?)
4. Kung gireseta man man gani ug doktor (If prescribed by a doctor):
4.1. Tumanon ba nimo ang sugo sa doktor sa saktong pagtumar sa tambal? (Do you follow instructions
given by your physician on how to take your medications?)
4.2. Tumanon ba nimo ang katulo sa usa ka adlaw sulod sa usa ka semanang pagtumar sa antibiotics? (Are
you following the usual three times a day for seven days required for antibiotic regimen?)
4.3. Makalaktaw ba ka sa pagtumar sa antibiotics? (Kung dili malaktawan, diretso sa # 3.3.2)
(Do you skip taking antibiotics?)
4.3.1. Kung oo, kaduhaon ba nimo pagtumar ang antibiotic sa sunod na adlaw? (If yes, do you double
dose on the following schedule?)
4.3.2. Hunungan na ba nimo ug tumar ang antibiotics kung mawala na ang sintumas sa imong sakit?
(Do you stop taking antibiotics when the symptoms subside?)
4.3.3. Nganong nakahunong man ka’g tumar sa imong antibiotic? (Why did you skip taking antibiotics?)
□ Nahutdan ko’g kwarta (I don’t have enough money)
□ Dili dali makapalit ug antibiotic (Antibiotics aren’t accessible)
□ Nakalimot ko (I forgot)
□ Others, please specify: __________________________________________________________
5. Magdala ba ka ug reseta kung magpalit ka ug antibiotic? (Do you bring a prescription when you purchase Oo Dili
antibiotics?)
7. Kung wala gireseta, kinsa man ang nag-rekomenda nimo? (If not, where do you get recommendations?)
□ Higala (Friends) □ Silingan (Neigbors)
□ Miyembro sa pamilya (Family) □ Kauban sa trabaho (Co-workers)
□ Internet □ Others, please specify: __________________________________
8. Asa ka tigpalitan ug antibiotics? (Where do you purchase antibiotics?)
□ Botika (Pharmacy) □ Groserihan (Groceries)
□ Sari-sari store □ Merkado (Markets)
□ Convenience stores □ Others, please specify: __________________________________
9. Para asa ni nimo gigamit? (What do you take antibiotics for?)
□ Hubag-hubag (Swelling)

27
 □ Samad (Wounds) □ Tambal sa sakit sa kalawasan (Painkiller)
□ Ubo ug sip-on (Cough and colds) □ Others, please specify: _________________________________
Oo Dili
10. Mahalan ba ka ug antibiotics? (Do you find antibiotics expensive?)
11.1. Tagsa-tagsahan ba nimo ug palit ang imong tambal? (Do you buy your antibiotics by parts?)
11.2. Palitun ra nimo ang tanan ug kas-a? (Do you buy your antibiotics all at once?)
12. Importante na ba para nimo ang pagkumpleto sa usa ka semanang pagtumar ug antibiotic? (Do you believe
that it is important to complete the usual seven day antibiotic regimen?)
13. Naa ba’y ihatag na tambag ug pahinumdom ang pharmacist inig human nimo ug palit sa antibiotic? (Is there
any counseling done by the pharmacist upon your purchase of antibiotics?) (Kung dili mahatagan, diretso
sa # 11)
13.1. Kung oo, imo bang timan-an ang mga pahinumdum na gisulti nimo? (If yes, do you remember what
your pharmacist says to you?)
14. Pangayuan ba ug reseta sa pharmacist o sa tindera kung mupalit ka ug antibiotic? (Does the pharmacist or
the pharmacy assistnat ask for prescription upon your purchase of antibiotics?)
15. Mangutana ba ka sa pharmacist bahin sa unsang tambal ang bagay para sa imong sakit? (Do you ask a
pharmacist regarding what medication to take for your ailment?)

D: Informed Consent Form

28
 INFORMED CONSENT FORM FOR BARANGAY GUIZO COMMUNITY
MEMBERS

This informed consent form (ICF) is for community members in Barangay Guizo,
Mandaue City, who we are inviting to participate in the research entitled,
“Community Assessment on Antibiotic Medication Compliance in Guizo,
Mandaue City.”

Part I: Information Sheet

Introduction
We are a group of first year medical students in the Cebu Doctors’ University
College of Medicine, and currently doing research on antibiotic medication
compliance, which is very common in our country, moreover globally. We are
going to give you information and invite you to be part of this research. You may
not decide today whether or not you will participate in the research. Before you
decide, you can talk to anyone you feel comfortable with about the research.

This consent form may contain words that you do not understand. Please ask us
as we go through the information and we will take time to explain. Should you
have questions later, you may ask them to any of us researchers.

Purpose of the Research

Medication compliance is the degree of conformity or response with regards to
the timing, dosage, and frequency of medication regimen recommended by
health care providers. Poor medication compliance is widespread and well-
recognized, leading to poor health outcomes, and increased health care costs.
Our culture tends to be non-compliant, as generally speaking, we tend to
discontinue taking medications when we apparently feel “well.” This might lead to
a bigger problem or illness, causing more expensive and more numerous
treatment, and even fatal outcomes, the worst being death.

We, the researchers, would like to give an overview of the current knowledge,
attitudes and practices of Brgy. Guizo community members regarding medication
compliance. This will benefit the community, as the results provided will give the
local government the statistical basis for a widespread public health information
dissemination and health education program leading to an increase in the
29
understanding on the proper use of antibiotics, which ultimately serves as a
primary prevention in the control and spread of diseases and morbidities in the
community.

Type of Research Intervention

This research will involve your participation in the completion of a survey
instrument developed by Narvasa and Dela Cruz, on assessing your compliance
to antibiotic medications. This will take about fifteen (15) to twenty (20) minutes
to accomplish.

Participant Selection
You are being invited to take part in this research because you are a community
member of Brgy. Guizo, which will contribute to the general overview of
medication compliance in Brgy, Guizo.

Voluntary Participation
Your participation in this research is entirely voluntary. It is your choice whether
to participate or not. If you choose not to participate, no adverse changes will
occur to you, or to services that are offered to you by the local government, and
such will have to bearing against. You may change your mind later and stop
participating even if you agreed earlier.

Procedure
We are asking you to help us learn more about medication compliance in your
community. We are inviting you to take part in this research project. If you
accept, you will be asked to fill out a survey which will be provided and collected
by the researchers. You may answer the questions yourself, or it can be read to
you, and you can say out loud the answer you want us to write down.

If you do not wish to answer any of the questions included in the survey, you may
skip them and move on to the next questions. The survey will be distributed and
collected during our visit to your residence. The information recorded is
confidential, your name is not being included on the form, only a number will
identify you, and no one else except the researchers will have access to your
survey.

Duration
This research takes place in one day, within 15 to 20 minutes only.

Risks
We are asking you to share to us some very personal and confidential
information, and you may feel uncomfortable talking about some of the topics.
You do not have to answer any question or take part in the survey if you don’t
30
wish to do so, and that is also fine. You do not have to give us any reason for not
responding to any question, or for refusing to take part in the interview.

There is a risk that you may share some personal or confidential information by
chance, or that you may feel uncomfortable talking about some of the topics.
However, we do not wish for this to happen. You do not have to answer any
question or take part in the survey if you feel the question(s) are too personal or if
talking about them makes you uncomfortable.

Benefits
There will be no direct benefit to you, but your participation is like to help us find
out more about the antibiotic medication compliance in your community.

Reimbursements
You will not be provided any incentive to take part in the research. You will also
not be given any financial, or any other reward, for your time and expended
resources.

Confidentiality
The research being done in the community may draw attention and if you
participate, you may be asked questions by other people in the community. We
will not be sharing information about you to anyone outside of the research
group. The information that we collect from this research project will be kept
private. Any information about you will have a number on it instead of your name.
Only the researchers will know what your number is, and we will lock that
information up with a lock and key. It will not be shared with, or given to anyone
outside the research team.

Sharing the Results

Nothing that you tell us today will be shared with anybody outside the research
team, and nothing will be attributed to you by name. The knowledge that we get
from this research will be shared with you and your community before it is made
widely available to the public. Each participant will receive a summary of the
results. There will also be small meetings and public service announcements in
the community and these will be announced. Following the meetings, we will
publish the results so that other interested people may learn from the research.

Right to Refuse or Withdraw

You do not have to take part in this research if you do not wish to do so, and
choosing to participate will not affect your personal or professional evaluations in
any way. You may stop participate in the survey at any time that you wish without
your personal or professional participation being affected. We will give you an
opportunity at the end of the survey to review your remarks, and you can ask to
31
modify or remove portions of those, if you do not agree with our notes or if we did
not understand you correctly.

Who to Contact
If you have any questions, you can ask them now or later. If you wish to ask
questions later, you may contact our group leader, Czarah Mechelle S. Palma,
with her mobile number: +63-942-824-8788, or her email address:
pczarah.rph88@gmail.com.

This proposal has been reviewed and approved by the Cebu Doctors’ University
– Cebu Doctor’s University Hospital (CDU-CDUH) Research Council, which is a
committee whose task it is to make that research participants are protected from
harm. If you wish to find about more about the CDU-CDUH Research Council,
you may contact them through: +63-032-238-8746 local 8413.

Part II: Certificate of Consent

I have been invited to participate in research about the community

antibiotic medication compliance in Guizo, Mandaue City.

I have read the foregoing information, or it has been read to me. I have had
opportunity to ask questions about it and any questions. I have been
asked, and have been answered to my satisfaction. I consent voluntarily to
be a participant in this study.

Print Name of Participant: _____________________________

Signature of Participant: ______________________________
Date (date/month/year): _______________________________

If illiterate:
I have witnessed the accurate reading of the consent form to the potential
participant, and the individual has had the opportunity to ask questions. I
confirm that the individual has given consent freely.
Thumb print of participant
Print Name of witness: _______________________________
Signature of witness: ________________________________
Date (date/month/year): ______________________________
Statement by the researcher/person taking consent

I have accurately read out the information sheet to the potential participant,
and to the best of my ability made sure that the participant understands
that the following will be done:

32
1. The participant is being invited to take part in this research because
the participant is a community member of Brgy. Guizo, which will
contribute to the general overview of medication compliance in Brgy,
Guizo.
2. His/her participation in this research is entirely voluntary. It is his/her
choice whether to participate or not. If he/she chooses not to
participate, no adverse changes will occur to him/her, or to services
that are offered to him/her by the local government, and such will
have to bearing against him/her. He/she may change his/her mind
later and stop participating even if he/she agreed earlier.
3. He/she will be asked to fill out a survey which will be provided and
collected by the researchers. He/she may answer the questions
himself/herself, or it can be read to him/her, and he/she can say out
loud the answer he/she wants the researchers to write down.
4. Should he/she not wish to answer any of the questions included in
the survey, he/she may skip them and move on to the next
questions. The survey will be distributed and collected during the
researchers’ visit to their residence. The information recorded is
confidential, their name is not being included on the form, only a
number will identify them, and no one else except the researchers
will have access to his/her survey.
5. This research takes place in one day, within 15 to 20 minutes only.
6. He/she may not have to answer any question or take part in the
survey if they don’t wish to do so. The participants do not have to
give the researchers any reason for not responding to any question,
or for refusing to take part in the interview.
7. There will be no direct benefit to the participant, but his/her
participation is likely to help the researchers find out more about the
antibiotic medication compliance in their community
8. The participants will not be provided any incentive to take part in the
research. They will also not be given any financial, or any other
reward, for your time and expended resources.
9. The researchers will not be sharing information about the participant
to anyone outside of the research group.
10. Nothing that the participant will tell the researchers will be shared
with anybody outside the research team, and nothing will be
attributed to the participant by name. Each participant will receive a
summary of the results. There will also be small meetings and public
service announcements in the community and these will be
announced. Following the meetings, the researchers will publish the
results so that other interested people may learn from the research.
11. The participant does not have to take part in this research if he/she
does not wish to do so. The researchers will give participants an
33
 opportunity at the end of the survey to review their remarks, and
participants can ask to modify or remove portions of those, if they do
not agree with the researchers’ notes or if they did not understand
the participants correctly.
12. If the participants have any questions, they can contact the group
leader, Czarah Mechelle S. Palma, through her number: +63-942-824-
8788, or her email address: pczarah.rph88@gmail.com.
13. This proposal has been reviewed and approved by the Cebu Doctors’
University – Cebu Doctor’s University Hospital (CDU-CDUH)
Research Council, which is a committee whose task it is to make that
research participants are protected from harm. If the participants
wish to find about more about the CDU-CDUH Research Council,
they may contact them through: +63-032-238-8746 local 8413.

I confirm that the participant was given an opportunity to ask questions

about the study, and all the questions asked by the participant have been
answered correctly, and to the best of my ability. I confirm that the
individual has not been coerced into giving consent, and the consent has
been given freely and voluntarily.

A copy of this ICF has been provided to the participant.

Print name of researcher/person taking the consent: ___________________

Signature of researcher/person taking the consent: ____________________
Date (date/month/year): _______________________

34
E: Tables for Responses

35
 Table 1: Age of Respondents

Age of Respondents Frequency Percentage

(Edad, isubay sa tuig) (Respondents)

Total

Table 2: Gender Distribution of Respondents

Gender of Respondents Frequency Percentage

(Respondents)
Male (Lalake)
Female (Babaye)
Total

Table 3: Occupation of Respondents

Occupation of Frequency Percentage

Respondents (trabaho) (Respondents)

Total

Table 4: Educational Attainment

Educational Attainment Frequency Percentage

(Respondents)
Elementary
High School
College
Technical
None (Wala)
Total

Table 5: Oral Broad Spectrum Antibiotic use frequency

Amoxicillin Penicillin Ampicillin Cefuroxime Cefalexin Ceflacor Co-amoxiclav Co-trimoxazole
Freq % Freq % Freq % Freq % Freq % Freq % Freq % Freq %

36
Not Taken
Taken
Total

Table 6: Antibiotic Use

Wounds Cough Swelling Painkiller Others
(Samad) (Ubo ug sip- (Hubag) (tambal sa sakit
on) sa kalawasan)
Freq % Freq % Freq % Freq % Freq %
Not Taken
Taken
Total

Table 7: Compliance of Prescribed Antibiotic Use

Frequenc Percent
y
Was the antibacterial prescribed?
Yes
(Gireseta ba ni nga antibiotic sa doktor?)
No
Total
Frequenc Percent
Do you follow instructions given by your physician
y
on how to take your antibiotic?
Yes
(Tumanon ba nimo ang sugo sa doktor sa saktong
No
pagtumar sa tambal?)
Total
Frequenc Percent
Are you following the usual three times a day for
y
seven days required antibiotic regimen? (Tumanon
Yes
ba nimo ang katulo sa usa ka adlaw sud sa usa ka
No
semanang pagtumar sa antibiotic?)
Total
Frequenc Percent
y
Do you skip taking antibiotics? (Makalaktaw ba ka
Yes
sa pagtumar ug antibiotic?)
No
Total
Frequenc Percent
If you skipped taking, do you double the dose on
y
the following schedule? (Kung oo, kaduhaon ba
Yes
nimo ug pagtumar ang antibiotic sa sunod na
No
adlaw?)
Total
Do you stop taking antibiotics when the symptoms Frequenc Percent
subside? (Hunungan na ba nimo ang antibiotic y
kung mawala na ang sintumas sa imong sakit?) Yes
37
 No
Total
Frequenc Percent
Why did you stop taking
y
antibiotics? (Nganong
nakahunong man ka’g
tumar sa antibiotic?)
Total
Do you bring your prescription when you purchase Frequenc Percent
your antibiotics? y
Yes
No
Total

Table 8: For Compliance and Unprescribed Antibiotic Use

Friends Family Member Internet Neighbor Co-worker Others
(Higala) (miyembro sa (silingan) (kauban sa
pamilya) trabaho)
Freq % Freq % Freq % Freq % Freq % Freq %
Yes
No
Total

Table 9: Determination of Acquisition of Antibiotics (Where do you buy?)

Pharmacy Sari-sari Convenience Grocery Market Others
(Botika) store store (groserihan) (merkado)
Freq % Freq % Freq % Freq % Freq % Freq %
Yes
No
Total

Table 10: Determination of Acquisition of Antibiotics (Supporting Questions)

Frequenc Percent
If you have prescription, do you buy it by parts? y
(Tagsa-tagsahon ba nimo ug palit ang imong Yes
tambal?) No
Total
Frequenc Percent
y
Do you find antibiotics expensive? (Mahalan ba ka
Yes
ug antibiotic?)
No
Total
Do you think it is important to complete the usual 7 Frequenc Percent
38
 y
day antibiotic regimen? (Importante ba para nimo
Yes
ang pagkumpleto sa usa ka semanang pagtumar
No
ug antibiotic?)
Total

39
F: Barangay Guizo Profile

40
41
42
43
44
45
G: GANTT Chart/Timeline

46
 RESEARCH TIMETABLE

TASKS TO BE 2015 2016

PERFORMED Ju Jul Au Sep Oc No De Ja Fe Ma Ap Ma
n y g t t v c n b r r y
A. Conceptual Design & Planning Phase
1. Develop
research
proposal with
guidance from
adviser &
research
instructor
2. Presentation,
Oral Defense &
Approval of
Research
Proposal
3. Make
revisions to
research
proposal per
panel's
corrections &
recommendation
s
4. Make
transmittal letter
for Brgy. Guizo,
Mandaue City to
obtain consent in
implementing
study
5. Determine
sample size of
population
6. Have expert &
statistician
review research
instrument for
content &
47
construct validity
& make
revisions as
appropriate
7. Submit
finalized
proposed output
together with
completed and
signed checklist
to research
instructor
TASKS TO BE 2015 2016
PERFORMED Ju Jul Au Sep Oc No De Ja Fe Ma Ap Ma
n g t t v c n b r r y
* Conduct pilot
testing of
research
instrument /
questionnaire to
selected
residents from
Brgy. ____ for
administrability
& reliability;
make revisions
as appropriate
B. Empirical Phase
1. Give
transmittal letter
& secure
clearance
2. Actual data
collection;
Distribute
questionnaires to
respondents
3. Collate data
collected &
organize for
analysis
C. Analytic Phase

48
1. Consult
statistician &
seek assistance
on analysis of
data
2. Actual
analysis /
statistical
treatment of data
3. Interpret
findings
4. Prepare final
thesis output

TASKS TO BE 2015 2016

PERFORMED Ju Jul Aug Sep Oc Nov Dec Jan Fe Mar Apr May
n t t b
D. Dissemination Phase
1. Present draft
of thesis to
research
instructor for
preliminary
correction
2. Submit final
draft of thesis
3. Thesis Oral
Defense
4. Make
revisions to
thesis output per
panel's
recommendations
5. Submit
corrected
research paper
together with
compliance
checklist to
obtain a Library
Filling Clearance

49
6. Submit
hardbound copy
of thesis to CDU
Medicine Library
7. Plan &
conduct a
research
utilization project

50
H: Research Budget

51
Table 11: Research Budget

This research is entirely self-financed by the researchers, with no sources

of external funding from any private or public agency or institution. The

researchers also do not have any official affiliations with any private or public

agency or institutions that may conflict interest in the conduct of this research.

Budget
Antiplagiarism payment (OR #0038857, 0038858, 500
0038859, 0038860, 003861, 0038862, 0038863,
0038864, 0038865, 038866)
1 ream bond paper 400
1 pack green short folders 100
1 pack green fasteners 50
2 cartridges black ink (HP Advantage 2060) #70 800
2 cartridges colored ink (HP Advantage 2060) #73 800
Honorarium for Barangay Health Workers (500x10) 5,000
Photocopies of instrument and ICF (8 x 0.75 x 1,000) 6,000
Research proposal refreshments for panelists (200 x 3) 600
Total 14,250

52
I: Researchers’ Curricula Vitae

53
DONNA BELLA C. ALPAS
252-C Uytengsu St., Jones Avenue,
Cebu City, Philippines 6000
Cell : 09498001648
Email: jomz_donna@yahoo.com
Birthday: January 30, 1994

EDUCATION
Cebu Doctor’s University, 2015 - present
Doctor of Medicine
1 P.V. Larrazabal Jr. Avenue, North Reclamation,
Mandaue City

University of the Philippines Visayas, 2010 - 2014

Bachelor of Science in Biology
Miag-ao, Iloilo

Dona Hortencia Salas Benedicto Nat’l High School, 2006 -

2010
High School - Special Science Class, 5th honors
La Carlota City, Negros Island

La Carlota South Elementary School II, 2000-2006

Elementary Education, Salutatorian
La Carlota City, Negros Island

PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS
• Member, Biology Teachers Association of the Philippines (2014-present)
• Member, UPV Alumni Association (2014-present)

LEADERSHIP, VOLUNTEER, COMMUNITY, INTEREST, SKILLS

• Member, SAMASA  (Sandigan para sa Mag-aaral at Sambayanan) Mass Organization (2012 - present)
• Member, OIKOS Ecological Movement (2012 - present)
• Member, UPV Negrense Organization (2010 - present)
• Member, Philippine Society of Youth Science Clubs (2010 - present)
• Chief Girl Scout Medalist (2010)
• Native proficiency in Internet and social media use and management and in Microsoft Office programs,
such as Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Access, Publisher, and OneNote, and intermediate knowledge of
Adobe

REFERENCES
• Resurreccion B. Sadaba, Ph.D.
• Dean, College of Arts and Sciences 09209559124
• Associate Professor, Division of Biological Sciences, UPV
• Juliana C. Baylon, Ph.D.
• Professor, Division of Biological Sciences, UPV 09151244419
• Philip Ian E. Padilla, M.D., Ph.D.
• University of the Philippines Faculty Regent (033) 315-9632
• Chairman, Division of Biological Sciences, UPV

54
CHETTIPALLY BERNICE BENONI
Cebu Doctors’ University dormitory, North Reclamation,
Mandaue City, Cebu, Philippines.
Contact number:09435172516
Email: bernicebenoni@yahoo.com
Birthday: February 27, 1994v

EDUCATION
Cebu Doctors’ University, 2015-present
Doctor of Medicine
#1 Dr.P.V.Larrazabal, Jr. Avenue, North Reclamation,
Mandaue City, Cebu, Philippines.

Cebu Doctors’ University, 2013-2015

Bachelor of Science in Biology
#1 Dr.P.V.Larrazabal, Jr. Avenue, North Reclamation, Mandaue City,
Cebu, Philippines.

Sri Chaitanya Junior College, 2010-2012

High School.
Sanjeeva Reddy Nagar, Hyderabad, Telangana , India.

St.Alphonsas High School, 2005-2010

Secondary Education
Siddhartha Nagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Gyana Vatika High School,2001-2005

Elementary Education
Siddhartha Nagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Greenwood’s School,1998-2001
Elementary Education
Green lands,Hyderabad , Telangana, India.

PRESENT QUALIFICATION
Biologist 2015-present

LEADERSHIP, VOLUNTEER, COMMUNITY,

Volunteer, Vacation Bible school (2010-2013)

INTEREST AND SKILLS

Singing, Dancing, Badminton

REFERENCES
Atty. Roel S. Hortelano
 Dean, College of Arts and Science, Cebu Doctors’ University

Corazon Canape
 Faculty, College of Arts and Science,
Cebu Doctors’ University

Abello Marose
 Faculty, College of Arts and Science,
Cebu Doctors’ University
LOUISE BERNADETTE B. JAVIER, RN
543-B Poblacion Pardo
Cebu City, Philippines 6000
55
Home: (032) 238-2772
Cell: 0933-613-1067
Email: louise_javier07@yahoo.com
Birthday: February 7, 1993

EDUCATION
Cebu Doctors’ University, 2015-present
Doctor of Medicine
1 P.V. Larrazabal Jr. Avenue, North Reclamation, Mandaue City

Velez College, 2010-2015

Bachelor of Science in Nursing
F. Ramos Street, Cebu City

St. Theresa’s College – Cebu, 2006-2010

High School, 2nd Honors
Don Ramon Aboitiz St., Cebu City

St. Theresa’s College – Cebu, 2000-2006

Elementary Education, 2nd Honors
Don Ramon Aboitiz St., Cebu City

Trinity Christian School, 1998-2000

Preparatory, 2nd Honors
Basak Pardo, Cebu City

PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS
Registered Nurse (2014 – present)
Member, Philippine Nurses’ Association Inc. – Cebu Chapter (2014 – present)
Member, Velez Nurses Alumni Association (2014 – present)

LEADERSHIP, VOLUNTEER, COMMUNITY, INTEREST and SKILLS

Editorial Board Member, Velez Times (2013-2014)
Core Group Member, Velez College of Nursing (2013-2014)
Editorial Board Member, The STC Catalyst & The Star (2009-2010)
Native proficiency in Internet and social media use and management and in Microsoft Office programs, such
as Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Access, Publisher, and OneNote, and intermediate knowledge of Adobe
Creative Suite’s Photoshop

REFERENCES
 Ma. Carol A. Kangleon, RN, MN, DSN
o Dean, Velez College of Nursing
 Johnny J. Yao, Jr., RN, MN, DSN
o Associate Professor of Nursing, Velez College of Nursing
 Gilbert C. Endriga, RN, MN
o Associate Professor of Nursing, Velez College of Nursing
 Cyril C. Amoin, RN, MN, DSN
o Associate Professor of Nursing, Velez College of Nursing

56
KUMBAGIRI DIVYA
Dr.P.V.Larrazabal hall ,CDU Dormitory,
Mandaue City, Philippines, 6000
Cell : 09332757438
Email: divyareddy242435@gmail.com
Birthdate : January 24, 1995

EDUCATION
Cebu Doctor’s University, 2015 - present
Doctor of Medicine
1 P.V. Larrazabal Jr. Avenue, North Reclamation,
Mandaue City

Cebu Doctors’ University, 2013-2015

Bachelor of Science in Biology
P.V.Larrazabal, Jr. Avenue, North Reclamation, Mandaue City, Cebu,
Philippines.

NRI JUNIOR COLLEGE 2010-2012

Guntur,Andhra Pradesh,India.

LOYOLA PUBLIC SCHOOL 2004-2010

Loyola nagar, Nllapadu,Guntur,
Andhrapradesh,India

PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATION
Biologist (April 2015- present)

57
CYRUS MARC R. LUMAPAS
Pagutlan, Yati, Liloan, Cebu, Philippines 6002
Contact number: 09339509344
Email: cyrusmarc04@gmail.com
Birthday: July 04, 1992

EDUCATION
Cebu Doctor’s University, 2015 – present
Doctor of Medicine
1 P. V. Larrazabal Jr. Avenue, North Reclamation, Mandaue City,
Cebu

Cebu Doctors’ University, 2012-2014

Bachelor of Science in Biology
1 P. V. Larrazabal Jr. Avenue, North Reclamation, Mandaue City,
Cebu

Velez College, 2009 – 2012

Bachelor of Science in Medical Technology
F. Ramos Street, Cebu City

La Consolacion College, 2005 – 2009

Secondary Education
Poblacion, Liloan, Cebu 6002

Liloan Central Elementary School, 1999 – 2005

Elementary Education
Poblacion, Liloan, Cebu 6002

PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS
Biologist 2014 – present

LEADERSHIP, VOLUNTEER, COMMUNITY, INTEREST AND SKILLS

Member, Cebu Association of Biology Students (2012 – 2014)
Member, Cebu Doctors’ University Alumni Association (2014 – present)
Officer, Student Formational Activity Council - La Consolacion College (2005 – 2009)
“Rivers Alive!” Cebu River Summit 2013

REFERENCES
Atty. Roel S. Hortelano
 Dean, College of Arts and Sciences, Cebu Doctors’ University
Mary Grace G. Villaflor
 Chairman, CAS Biology Department, Cebu Doctors’ University
Corazon Canape
 Faculty, CAS Biology Department, Cebu Doctors’ University
Gloria B. Cuico
 Faculty, CAS Biology Department, Cebu Doctors’ University

58
MIA CIELO C. PACILAN, RMT
Cebu Doctor’s University Dormitory
1 P.V. Larrazabal Jr. Avenue, North Reclamation
Mandaue City, Philippines 6000
Home: (032) 438-5300
Cell: 09255889993
Email: miacielop@yahoo.com
Birthday: September 9, 1993

EDUCATION
Cebu Doctors’ University, 2015-present
Doctor of Medicine
1 P.V. Larrazabal Jr. Avenue, North Reclamation, Mandaue City

Velez College, 2010-2014

Bachelor of Science in Medical Technology, Dean’s List
F. Ramos Street, Cebu City

Saint Paul Academy, 2006-2010

High School, 3rd Honors
Suba, Bantayan, Cebu

Silvino Y. Du Memorial School, Inc., 2002-2006

Elementary Education, 1st Honors
Bantigue, Bantayan, Cebu

Santa Fe Central Elementary School, 2000-2002

Elementary Education, 1st Honors
Poblacion, Santa Fe, Cebu

PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS
Registered Medical Technologist (2014-present)
Member, Philippine Association of Medical Technologist – Cebu Chapter (2014-present)
Member, Velez Alumni Association (2014-present)

LEADERSHIP, VOLUNTEER, COMMUNITY, INTEREST and SKILLS

Augustinian Recollect Student Crusaders (ARSC) Secretary, Saint Paul Academy (2009-2010)
ARSC President, Silvino Y. Du Memorial School, Inc. (2005-2006)
Chorale President, Sto. Niño Roman Catholic Parish (2005-2010)
Native proficiency in Internet and social media use and management and in Microsoft Office programs, such as Word,
Excel, PowerPoint, Access, Publisher, and OneNote, and intermediate knowledge of Adobe Creative Suite’s Photoshop

REFERENCES
Cecilia Capatoy, RMT, MD
Dean, Velez College of Medical Technology
Gemma Belarmino, RMT
Intern Coordinator, Velez College of Medical Technology
Pamela Demicillo, RMT, MPH
Faculty, Velez College of Medical Technology
Ruel Bartholomeo B. Maguad, RN, RMT
Faculty, Velez College of Medical Technology

CZARAH MECHELLE S. PALMA, RPh, REB

Boardwalk City Residences
Mandaue City, Philippines, 6014

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Cell : 09428248788
Email: pczarah.rph88@gmail.com
Birthday: March 10, 1993

EDUCATION
Cebu Doctor’s University, 2015 - present
Doctor of Medicine
1 P.V. Larrazabal Jr. Avenue, North Reclamation, Mandaue City

University of San Carlos, 2010 - 2014

Bachelor of Science in Pharmacy, Magna Cum Laude
Nasipit, Talamban, Cebu City

Timber City Academy, 2006 - 2010

High School, Salutatorian
Montilla Blvd, Butuan City

Timber City Academy, 2000-2006

Elementary Education, Salutatorian
Montilla Blvd, Butuan City

PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS
• Registered Pharmacist (June 2014 - present)
• Registered Real Estate Broker (June 2015 - present)
• 2015 Philippines Pharmacist’s Association National Convention- Continuing Professional
Education :11 Units for Pharmacists for Better Health Outcomes (April 2015)
• Member, Philippines Pharmacist’s Association (June 2014 - present)

LEADERSHIP, VOLUNTEER, COMMUNITY, INTEREST, SKILLS

• Current Good Manufacturing Practice, Hizon Laboratories (May 2013)
• Oncology Pharmacy Seminar Workshop (February 2014)
• ACCP Antimicrobial Stewardship (March 2014)
• Patient Counselling Workshop (March 2014)

REFERENCES
• Nelly Nonette Ouano, R.Ph, MA
• Chair, Department of Pharmacy 0917 324 0707
• Jace Nocete, R.Ph
• Faculty, Department of Pharmacy 0942 474 4516
• Nickson Villacorte, R.Ph
• Pharmacist, Perpetual Succour Hospital 0923 278 7277

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RAJULAPATI GOVINDARAJA
CDU Dormitory, North Reclamation Cebu City, Philippines, 6000
Cell: 09435266364
Email: rajulapatigovindaraja@gmail.com
Birthday: May 13 1996

EDUCATION
Cebu Doctors’ University, 2015-present
Doctor of Medicine
1 P.V. Larrazabal Jr. Avenue, North Reclamation, Mandaue City

Cebu Doctors’ University, 2013 - 2015

Bachelor of Science in Biology
Mandaue City, Cebu

Sri Sai co-operative junior college, 2010 - 2012

Intermediate 1st&2nd yrs
Vijayawada, India

Vijaya SriSunflower High School, 2006 - 2010

High School
Andhrapradesh,India

Vijaya SriSunflower High School, 1998- 2006

Elementary School
Andhrapradesh,India

PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS
• Biologist (April 2015 - present)

LEADERSHIP, VOLUNTEER, COMMUNITY, INTEREST, SKILLS

• Member, Vijaya Sri Sunflower Student Association (2008-2010).
• Championionship in marthon running race (2008-2009)
• Member, Cebu Doctors’ University Alumni Association (2015 – present)
• REFERENCES
• Atty. Roel S. Hortelano
• Dean, College of Arts and Sciences

• Alexphil Ponce, MBiology

• Faculty, Department of Biology

• Dr. Emmanuel Pardinan

• Faculty, Department of Biology

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 SERGIO T. SARZA JR., PTRP
1465 L. Tudtud Street, Mabolo
Cebu City, Philippines 6000
Home: (032) 233-5051
Cell: 0932-459-7878
Email: sarza.sergio@yahoo.com
Birthday: April 5, 1992

EDUCATION
Cebu Doctors’ University, 2015-present
Doctor of Medicine, Maxicare-Go Kim Pah Scholar
1 P.V. Larrazabal Jr. Avenue, North Reclamation, Mandaue City

Velez College, 2009-2010, 2011-2015

Bachelor of Science in Physical Therapy, Cum Laude
F. Ramos Street, Cebu City

Pierce College Fort Steilacoom, 2010-2011

Associate of Science in Chemistry (academic units), President’s List
9401 Farwest Drive SW, Lakewood, Washington, USA 98498

Cebu City National Science High School, 2005-2009

High School – Engineering and Science Education Program, Government Scholar
Salvador Street, Labangon, Cebu City

University of San Jose-Recoletos, 2001-2005

Elementary Education, Seventh Honors
Basak Pardo, Cebu City

PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS
 Independent Contractor Physical Therapist (August 2015 – present) for home care, project-based, or
community-based rehabilitation
 Physical Therapist Registered, Philippines (August 2015 – present)
 Member, Philippine Physical Therapy Association (August 2015 – present)
 World Confederation for Physical Therapy – International Physical Therapy Continuing Education Units: 15
units for Physiotherapy Management for Spinal Cord Injury (April – May 2014: World Confederation for Physical
Therapy and Physiopedia Collaboration)
 Member, International Network of Spinal Cord Physiotherapists (April 2014 – present)
 Member, Physiopedia (April 2014 – present)

LEADERSHIP, VOLUNTEER, COMMUNITY, INTEREST, and SKILLS

 Member, Velez College Alumni Association (March 2015 – present)
 Board Member, Cebu City National Science High School Alumni Association, 2012-2014
 Champion, 2010 Shell Philippines National Essay Writing Competition on Energy Special Category: Strategic
Measures in Ensuring the Success of Competitive Electricity Markets.
 Native proficiency in Internet and social media use and management and in Microsoft Office programs, such as
Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Access, Publisher, and OneNote, and intermediate knowledge of Adobe Creative Suite’s
Photoshop, Lightroom, and Premiere Pro.

REFERENCES
 Romel V. Cabazor, PTRP, MA
o Dean, Velez College of Physical & Occupational Therapy (032) 254-4865
 Christine C. Ruedas, MM-IHSM, DIP PE
o Director, Community Extension Services, Velez College 0922 837 1865
 Rose Marie Arriola-Shun, PTRP
o Instructor, Department of Physical Therapy, Velez College 0925 864 2664
 Chutchie J. Vergara, PTRP
o Operations Manager, CHAMPS Therapy Centre 0922 846 6160
RONALD JOSEPH T. TASIK
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223D Jakosalem St., Indiana Condotel
Cebu City, Philippines, 6000
Cell: 09339960639
Email: ronaldtasik@yahoo.com
Birthday: September 20, 1992

EDUCATION
Cebu Doctors’ University, 2015-present
Doctor of Medicine
1 P.V. Larrazabal Jr. Avenue, North Reclamation, Mandaue City

Cebu Doctors’ University, 2013 - 2015

Bachelor of Science in Biology
Mandaue City, Cebu

Cebu Doctors’ University, 2010 - 2012

Bachelor of Science in Medical Technology
Mandaue City, Cebu

Manado International School, 2007 - 2010

High School
Manado, Indonesia

SMP Negeri 1 Mananggu, 2004 - 2007

Middle School
Gorontalo, Indonesia

SDN 1 Tabulo, 1998 – 2004

Elementary Education
Gorontalo, Indonesia

PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS
• Biologist (April 2015 - present)

LEADERSHIP, VOLUNTEER, COMMUNITY, INTEREST, SKILLS

• Member, Cebu Biology Student Association (2013-2015)
• Cebu River Summit (September 2014)
• Member, Cebu Doctor’s University Athletics (2014 – 2015)
• Member, Cebu Doctors’ University Alumni Association (2015 – present)

REFERENCES
• Atty. Roel S. Hortelano
• Dean, College of Arts and Sciences
• Alexphil Ponce, MBiology
• Faculty, Department of Biology
• Dr. Emmanuel Pardinan
• Faculty, Department of Biology

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