EE 370 Electronic Instrument Assignment 2

1. The output voltage of the strain gage, used as shown in figure below, can be written as
GR g E b R a
e0 = . Where G is the gage factor. Calculate the percentage error d /  as a function of
( R g + Ra )
2

percentage error in other parameters. If G, R, Eb , Ra , e0 are all measured to 1 percent error, what is
the possible error in computed value of  .

2. The discharge coefficient Cq of an orifice can be found by collecting the water that flows
through during a time interval when it is under a constant head h. The formula is
W
Cq = . W = 390  0.25Kg , A = d 2 / 4, d = 12  0.03mm, , t = 600  2s, g = 9.81  0.1%m / s 2 ,
tA 2 gh
 = 1050  0.1%Kg / m 3 and h = 3.6  0.03m . Calculate the error in absolute limits.
3. An oscilloscope is used for measurement of phase shift. The phase shift is given by  = sin −1 B / A . The
measurements are made as A = 25  0.5mm, B = 15  0.5mm . Calculate the nominal value of the
phase angel, and estimate the uncertainty in measurement.
4. A load transducer is used for measurement of weight. The outputs of different weights values are given
in the table below. Determine the best fit straight line using method of least square. Also calculate the
linearity.
Load(kg) 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55
O/p(mv) 0.08 0.45 1.02 1.71 2.55 3.43 4.48 5.5 6.53 7.64 8.7 9.85
60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100
11.01 12.4 13.32 14.35 15.4 16.48 17.66 18.9 19.93

5. A batch of colour coded resistance of 5.6 K were measured and were found to have the following
values: 5.75, 5.60, 5.65, 5.50, 5.70, 5.55, 5.80 and 5.55 K . Determine the mean and standard
deviation. Can any resistor be discarded on the basis of 3 sigma limit?
6. In figure below what % error may be expected in measuring the voltage across R5 if R1=R2=R3=R4
=R5=100 and Rm=1000  ? If Rm=10000  .

7. In figure below what % error may be expected in measuring the current through R5, if
R1=R2=R3=R4=R5=100 and Rm=10  ? If Rm=1  .
8. In figure below what % error may be expected in measuring the force in K2 if K1=K2=K3=K4=100N/cm
and Km=1000N/cm? If Km=10000 N/cm.

9. In figure below what % error may be expected in measuring the deflection x if K1=K2=K3=K4=1N/cm
and Km=0.1N/cm? If Km=0.01N/cm? Km is the stiffness of the dial gage.

10. A first order instrument (pressure sensor) must meet the following dynamic response specifications:
(a) At least 95% accuracy with in 0.05 sec after step input.
(b) Steady state error of no more than 14 KPa for a ramp input of 0.7 Mpa/s.
(c) Amplitude accuracy no worse than 90% for a sine wave input of frequency 20 Hz. Find the largest
allowable time constant for the sensor.
11. A mercury thermometer has a capillary tube of 0.25 mm diameter. If the bulb is made of a zero
expansion material, what volume must it have if a sensitivity of 4 mm/ 0C is desired? Assume operation
near 200C. If the bulb is spherical and is immersed in stationary air, estimate the time constant.
12. A first order instrument must measure signals with frequency content up to 100 Hz with an amplitude
inaccuracy of 5%. What is the maximum allowable time constant? What will be the phase shift at 50
and 100 Hz?
13. Find the transfer function of a spring scale whose mass is negligible. Show that steady state time lag for
ramp input is same as mass is zero or not.