Ramos, Guenn Mae O.

11/22/20
STEM 12 Quisumbing DRRR m4

Pre Test
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D
5. A

Recall
1. Physical Element
2. Social Element
3. Economic Element
4. Environmental Element

Unlocking Difficulties
1. Vulnerability - refers to the inability to resist a hazard or to respond when a disaster
has occurred. It describes the characteristics and circumstances of a
community, system, or asset that make it susceptible to the damaging
effects of a hazard. There are many aspects of vulnerability, arising from
various physical, social, economic, and environmental factors.

2. Hazard - is any source of potential damage, harm, or adverse health effects on

something or someone. Basically, a hazard is a potential for harm or an
adverse effect (for example, to people as health effects, to organizations
as property or equipment losses, or to the environment). It is the
probability of occurrence of an event at a certain magnitude, which has
the potential to harm anything that happens to be along its way.

3. Physical elements- Buildings such as urban land use, construction types, building height,
building age, total floor space, replacement costs.
4. Social element - also called complex emergencies, seriously limit a population’s access
to health services, water, food, and transportation, all of which are
determinants of health. They also often lead to a lack of safety and tend
to come hand in hand with natural disasters such as floods.

5. Economic element- elements in economic such as employment, salary, production, etc.

which are affected by hazard or disaster.

6. Environmental element- environmental properties and resources which are affected by

hazard or disaster.

7. Capacities - refers to all the strengths, attributes, and resources available within a
community, organization, or society to manage and reduce disaster risks
and strengthen resilience. Those are positive resources and abilities
which are helpful to individuals, families, and the community in mitigating,
preparing for, responding, and recovering.

8. Elements-at-risk -All objects, persons, animals, activities, and processes that may be
adversely affected by hazardous phenomena, in a particular area, either
directly or indirectly. This includes buildings, facilities, population,
livestock, economic activities, public services, and the environment.

9. Vulnerability at population- Vulnerable population is a term that is used to describe a group

of people who possess some sort of disadvantage. The situation
of the elements at risk is aggravated by grinding poverty,
environmental degradation, natural resources depletion, and poor
governance.

10. Level of exposure of the elements at risk- refers to what extent the elements at risk from
a natural or man-made hazard event. This could
include individuals; dwellings or households and
communities, buildings and structures, public
facilities and infrastructure assets, agricultural
commodities, environmental assets, and business
activity.
Post Test
1. Physical Vulnerability

           Physical Vulnerability is described as the extent of damage to a given or set of elements

within the area affected by a hazard. The Physical vulnerability of an area depends on its
geographic proximity to the origin of disaster. An instance is an area near the coastlines, fault
lines, and unstable hills. It makes the area more exposed to disaster as compared to an area
that is far away from the root of a disaster. Physical vulnerability includes difficult accessibility to
water resources, means of communication, hospitals, police stations, fire and road bridges, and
exit of a building in case of disaster. Furthermore, the lack of proper planning and
implementation in the construction of residential and commercial buildings makes them
vulnerable to earthquakes, floods, landslides, and other hazards.

2. Economic Vulnerability

Economic vulnerability is defined as the susceptibility of an economy to external

disturbance, emerging out of economic accessibility. The economic vulnerability of an area can
be evaluated through ascertaining the rarity of its source of income, the accessibility and control
over means of production sufficiency of economic fall mechanism, and availability of natural
resources in the domain. The underprivileged are typically more unsafe to disasters for the
reason that they have a deficiency of means to generate full control to defend their selves from
failures and danger.

3. Social Vulnerability

Social vulnerability is represented as the resilience of society when faced by outside

pressures on human vitality, forces such as natural or human-made catastrophes. A socially
unprotected community has inadequate family formations, an absence of leadership for decision
making and conflict resolution, ineffective or no community organizations, and racial, ethnic,
linguistic, or religious basis discrimination. Other social factors such as culture, mores, religion,
local norms and values, economic measures, and governmental liability likewise perform a
requisite part in ascertaining the social susceptibility of a community. To reduce social
vulnerability, every factor stated above must be addressed. However, this demands awareness
and recognition of the local conditions, which can somehow only be administered by local
actors.

4. Emotional Vulnerability

Emotional Vulnerability is interpreted as the incompetence to resist emotional

disturbances. An association that is composed of an unenthusiastic approach towards
innovation, and doesn't have the ability to start things in life, becomes extra dependent on outer
assistance. They lack the capability to act independently. Their reservoirs of livelihood have
uniformity and standardization, insufficiency in entrepreneurship, and absence of the notion of
collectivism. This brings about disagreement and individualism in the community. Consequently,
they become a sufferer of disputes, hopelessness, and pessimism, which diminishes their
potential to cope with a disaster.