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23
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25
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27
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28
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lTJr:lof;ff";." -ryg:::"":
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noJlocrb foJIoBKII,rieperpeBaei
e cHCTeMe--oxJiax(LeHl{fi rloplxHg'
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no aruM ,pautnnonn. B
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42
 TO[,rr].tBoN{, a qacTurrHonu6pacunaeTcfl B eunycxuofi n npq4ynounuri
Ko,'LlteKTopbI.Ec.qu Mac,rlo rrocry[aer B Lln"ull{Ap s 6onlmoM Ko,rrlrqe-
cTBe, TO B peSy,'rbrarerrpexleBpeMeHHbrxBcrrbrrrreK Bo3HuKaIoTTflxe-
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,Tflercfl Ha,rluqr4e reMHo-ro,ry6oro 4unaa B BL,rlycKHbrxragax. fleQexr.
Huft uunnuAp orrpeAe,'rflIornyreM orKpbrrnfl r.iHAr.rKaropHbrx KpaHoB.
llpn nona4aHrrrr MacJa B unJrrrHApreMneparypa nlrnyckHtrx raeoB B
HCMNOBbIIIIACTCfl.
llprl nepelrx >t<errpHSHaKax rroflBd'teHr{gcKB03Hblx rpeurrrH Ari3e,rrb
AoJIIKeH6url geueA,'reHHoocraHoB,'reH.
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pax IIopIxHfl Bc,IreAcrBue: [eperpy3KH Au3e,'iq; HapyrxeHr{sox,Ta)KAeHHq
noprxHfl; noJroMKrrnopnHeBbrx Ko"qeq;[epeKoca Aera,lefi rpynnbr ABr{_
x{eHr.rfl;HeAocraroqHoro ga3opa MexAy noprrrHeMz nrynxoli; HarpeBa
IIoprxHeBbrxKoJrerI; 3Haqlrre,,rbHofoHarapoo6pasoeaHufl B rlrl,rr4HApe
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MomeHr Bo3HHKHoBelirrfsantpa noprxHfl sa$zxcrzpoaarn oqeHb
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BHfiMare,TbHouna6,'iro4eHrrrrsa pa6orarcrquA,{AH3e.[exr o6uapyxurl
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B HeM, noflB,rlfleTcfAbIM B KapTepe, caMonpoll3Bo,'rbHo\,lreHblxaeTcg
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o6ropaHne AoHbrrrrKafloprxHfl B pe3yJrbrare ero reperpeBa u sosAeil-
crBrzfl fa3oBbrx Koppo3r.rkrr 3po3rzu. lleperpee AHrrrqa Bbr3brBaeror-
nycK Marepr{a,'ra, yxyAlreHue ero uexasnqecKrzx cnorlcrs u rroreDro
rBepAocTlr.
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}leHHbrxHafpysoK Ha foJroBKenopllrHff pa3pylraercs Hapy)KHnfi c,roii
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Hapyrxenr.reyf,'ra pacnbrila il \aJruro6orisocru crpvr rorr,,,luBarroi.j
BNDbICKC.

43
 Be,uuuHy I{ xapaKrep o6ropaunn 'r'Haxra oflpele'lqror uta6'noHou'
qepre)Ky'
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pHCKtl,I{x 3allll-
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ABr4 rarb KaMeHb (uxypt<y) ilorepeK ocx
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6oniluuft LI3HOCHa6,rnAaercq y ilOpIIIHS
TpoHKoBofo ABI4raTe,'Ifl,IIocKoJIbKyOH flrBJlfl-
ercfl oAHOBpeMeHHO u [oJIsyHOM.
flepea o'6uepou r'optrleHb oql]ualor or
Harapa, [poMbIBanT KepocaHOM r4Jrn An'
3C,TIbHbIM TOIIJIH'BOM II HACYXO flPOTH'PAIoT'
flopueul o6uepnrcr B AByx BeprIIKaJIbHbIx
n,rocxocrsx (prac. l6) : no oc?I KoJIeHqaro-
ro Baila (no ocn) E nepleHAI4Ky'{qpHo
euy (no xonY).
/ l u a u e r p n o p u H r 3 a M e p f f I o rB M e ' c r a x ,
Y'cJrrl
]rr{a3aHHbrxB saBoAcKoftuHcrpyxqsv'
TaKfix AaHHbIX HeT, To corJIacHO <<IlpaBI{-
,rraM TexHnqecxoft gKcrL'IyaTaql{n cyAoBblx
AUsereft>>3aMepbI cHI'{MaIorHa paccroflHI'l14
ioo-zoo t:it IEHH or Apyroro. Bepxnufi
3aMep peKoMeHAyercflAer'IaTbHa paccrofl-
Hu\r lA-20 un HI'l)Ke Qnanqa fod'IoBKLI,
HnxHnfi - sa 10-20 ,az'uneepx or HlIxHeH

Puc. 16. Cxena o6ltePa ' OMKH flODIIIH'I.

KD

noplxHt Aasirtre o6uepa sauocflr n ra6nuqy

(rar6n. 5).
Ecnu pesy.rtbrarbl o6uepa rloKax{yr, tiro H3Hoc IIpeBblilIaer Aony-
MbIe rIpeAeJIbI,nOpIUeHb3a MeHflI'OTI'IJII'{peMoHTlrpyloT'
cTr.r
npll
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Npol'IoN
uanpauneuutm (no ocu II no xoAy) y nepxnefi z HI'rxseil
noprrrHfl rrpu ero [o,{o>KeHr{ne nepxHefi U nuxseft MepTBbIX TOqKaX.
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.
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BTyJrKIl.
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H3 rrpfMoyro.trtnofi craHoBrircf rpalteqileBllAsoil. Sror I'I3Hoc
$opnra
44
Bo3Hr4KaernoA AeftcrsneM cH,rITpeHHq or AaB,rIeHHfl ra3oB Ha KoJIbqa
14npr.r [epeMeHe HanpaBJIeHHrABHxeHLIflnopuHfl. Han6o,ruueMy H3-
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co6ofr ilpofiycK fa3oB B Kaprep Ir cHl{xeHae AaBJIeHLITc)Karl]tt B Iru'
"'rLtHApe.
T a 6 , r u u a5
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3anr{or o6ltepa nopuHr

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o6Mepa
Mecro o6r'repa
S rIrEnrr.r.rHocrb

Hrxe $nauua . loJIoBKrI4 DL d1 Dt-dr flo ocu

nopmBfl$ ilrt D2 d2 Dz-dz Dz-Ds
Dz u3 D^-d^ flo xoAy
D4 d1 Dn-dt dt-de
D5 dg D;-ds

f l p u u e q a H n e .D n d-gnauerpu floplxHq, 3aMepeHHble <<no oca>) lt <<tto

xogy> (cu. plrc. 16).

tr4sHocKaHaBoK rro Bblcore onpeAe,rqrcTB HecKor'lbKI{xrollKax no

oKpyxnocrl{, saMepflfl A,lq 3roro Sasop (urynoiu; Melxay 3ra,'loHHbIM
KoJIbqoM,HaAerbIMHa nop[IeHb, Iz cteuxofi KaHaBKH.Bltcory KaHaBKI'I
MO)KHO rz3MepuTbTaKxe HyrpoMepoM c I.IHAnKaropoM.
,4,eQertuue KaHaBKIInporaqllBalor noA Ko,ilblrapeMoHrHoro pa3Me-
pa yJrH Harr,IlaBdrlflor(y cra,'rlHblx loplxHefi) ropaeoHTa,ilbHbleIIJIOC-
Kocru IIa3oB, a 3areM ilporar{uBalor KaHaBKIi noA HoMl.rHa,ltHltfipas-
Mep.
flopruHenue KoJIbIIa c reqeHIreM BpeMeHH Izcruparorctt, TepflIor
y[pyfocrb, xopo6ntcn r.r drroMalorcs.I4sHoc Ko,'Ieu [poI{cxoALIT IIo ro-
BepxHocTr.r conprrKocHoBeHl.rr KaHaBoK nop-
c onopHblMll [,IIocKocTflM].I
ruHfl (no nsrcore) n no HapyxHori IIH'IHHApuqecrofi rloBepxHocrIr,
tpyutefrcr no BTy,'IKe.Bucrpee Bcero Il3Ha[ILIBaercs IIepBoe Ko,rbqo,
HaxoAflrrleecrB 3oHe BbIcoKUXTeMneparyp H Aae,'IeHHIi.
B pesy,rrrare H3Hoca yBe,iIHqLIBalorcffBagopbl B gaMKe Ko,tblra
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ureHrrrorepMerr.rqHocrnpa6overo npocrpaHcrBa B qlr,rr.rHAper.{ K npo-
pbrBy ra3oB MexAy noprxHeM u nry,'Ixofi. llpopnanruuecfl ra3br pa3py-
ruaroT Mac,'IflHylon.rIeHKyu Bbr3brBaroTnepefpeB KoJIeq, ycKopfls nx
H3Hoc.OAHoepen{eHHo IrepefpeBaercr nopIxeHb.
HeAocraroquufi sasop Me>KAy KoJIbrIoM u xawasxoir, noFrxHfl no
Bbrcoreunu ilslbttoK MacJIa (a raNxe Hu3Koe efo Kar{ecrBo) npneo4ar
K npriropaHr4roKoJreu.Tarne KoJrbrla IrJroxo ilpr.rreraloT K rroBepxHo-
crr{ BTyJrKr.r,cn,'rbHo neperpeBaForcR, Nopo6aTcfl, TepflIoT }rilpyrocTb Il
nepecraror Bbrflo,'rHflTb cnon SyHxunu. Cxoultemvftcfl Harap Ha KoJIb-
qa\. norraAar MexAy noprrrneM n nrynxoft, BbrsbrBaernosHueHHbrft

45
rzgHOc, ileperpeB, 3aeAaHltfl 11 3aAIlpbI .q,era.TlefiUII.'IltHJ.pO-nop11IHe3ofi
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llpusuaxoM qpe3MepHoro It3HOCa ll,rn 3aeAaHHq yrJorHrlTe.-IbHbIX
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cxarr.rs (pr), npoTycKH ra3oB B Kaprep (a raxxe noBbllxeilHoe BbI-
n,e.iteHueAbIMa I'I3 riero), rloHu)KeHue NIolIrHocrH AA3ed'Itl.
B C"lyUae 3HarlI,ITeJIbHOfOU3HOCa MaCd'IOCbeMHbIXKOJIeII IIOBbIIIIaST-
cfl paCXOA IIupKy,'IflI{ItOHHOTOMaC'IIa, BbIIIyCKHbIe raSst Upt'IO6peraI'OT'
reMHo-roJIy6ofi ueer.
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3a3opy B 3aMKax H B nopIIIHeBbIx
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Pnc. 17. OnPe,qeteuue3a3opa B 3aMKe
Kor'rbqanpu noMolrlu rua6,lona Liln saNIePa 3a3opa (B KPY'nHbIX
.r,II3ea]flX), jlono,'IHIITeJIbHOK U{y[y
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3asopH'a, 6, a s 3aMKe MOIKHOOnpeAe,'IIITb TaK)Ke no cneul' Ia,Tb- ..

uonry rua6nouy -l (Puc. 17). li

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p a 3 a n o c p a B H e H H ] C
O H O p M a ' [ b HbIM MOH-
H r z e3 a 3 o p a B 3 a N I K eS , [ , 8 3
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npocBera
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47
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qelo celleHlle IIaJIbqa Ae'Ilaercfl oBa"'Ib-
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48
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50
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illr"ylt"ote 6onrsr flBJrfr,orcfl orleHb orBercrBeHHbIMII AeraJIflMI4.
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flBJIeHI'Ie
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p"Atioa. gaqe rarne'cryr{afi rlpoflcxoAflT y BcnoMof a'Ter'lbHblx
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iunt"ot*
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yAJrr{Henr{flIt SaMeHe npn o6Hapyx(eHl4lz4eQexrOn X iloc_,rleonpeAe-
itesso.o cpoKa pa6oru (e uernrpexraKrHblr 4nselnx). OcrosaHHeNI
AJrff 3aMeHbI6onroe c,ryxar: noBpexAeHlle pesr6u, MecrHble HarIIpbI,
TpeuInHbI, sa6onuH Ir HaApe3bI,cKpyqllBaune, oc,ta6JleHl{eratirn Ha
p-esl6e, cnalax [ocaAKa B orBepcrHn ToJIoBKII,ocrarollHas AeQopMa-
uzfl.
flpu sa4upax floplxHefino nry,rxax, ilepe-
lpeBe n,oArxrrrrHllKoBIl pa3Hoce AHse,{fl IxaTyH-
gue 6onru gaMeHqlor ,HegaBI,rcIi,Moor Ilx co-
croflHfir il cpoKa c,ryx6rt.
ocMor'pa6o,[ros npliMeHf-
,[,,rn nuerunero_
IOT Jlyny C He MeHeeqeM IIflTl4KpaTrHbIM yBe,'I14-
qelHlreM.TpeulnHu s 6o,'Irax BbIgBJItIor Mat-
Hlrrn'oil 4e$exrocxotuefi" nnu c [oMolrrblo Me-
"ronoft o6uaei<u, pesr6y npoBepfllor pess6or'te-
poM r.rJrrlra,rn6poir,r.
flpu"rerauue onopHbIX rroBepxHocreft raen
il ro,IIoBoK 6orro'n, a raKx(e I]pfi]roHKy 6o,rros
Tro orBepcrxflM npoBeprlor Ha KpacKy nJrH
ilrynoM (rqyn ro,runnofi 0,03 .r4il He AoJI)KeH
ilpoxoAr.rrb B pa3beM).
B npoqecce 3Kcn.rryararquzy 6onra noxn-
JrfleTcfl ocTaToqH,oeyA,i[rHeHHe, KoTopoe He
Ao,itlKHrorrpeBbrlxarb 4onycruuori Be,rtHrILtHbI,
yxasauHoft B 3aBoAcr{orlHHcrpyrqzn. LIIaryu-
Hue 6o,lrrt, yr,irLIHI,rBIIIue'cg6o,'Iilue qeM Ha
O,20lo,saMeHflIoT HoBbll\Iil.
r{ro6rt A,'rIlHy 6o,'ira r.r3Mepqrb Mex{Ay oA-
HHMIz Il TeMIZ )Ke MeCTaMI,l,flepneH.4,uKy,tIqp- Pnc. 25. Hsnrepeuue q,rn-
IIbIMH orcl46onra, Ha ero roplqax Aer'Ialor IL'Io- HbIIIIaryHHoro6o,rra
xIaAKr.r rny6iznoft 2-3 tt*t uflfi KoHI{'qecKIIe
qeHrpoBbreorBepcrr{fl (puc. 25). llepel 3aMepoM 3rH Mecra seo6xo-
A]4MOOCMOTpeTb rr y6e4ZrUCr B OTCyrCTBr.ln Sa6OnH,CMaSKI{Ir r. rr.
3anreprnr cneqna,rrbHoiluui<'pouerpnuecxoii cxo6oil HJrn cr'o6oft c
nuHeriHnm i.rHAZKaropoM.
VcraHosxa HoBbIx 6o,[roe AonycKaercr ror-IbKo [pI4 HaJIIrqHI,t nac-
nopra Ha HHX, B KoropoM Ao,r)KHbr6uu yxaaaHbr xnMlrqecx[fi cocrae
Mareplla,ra u pe3y,'rbrarbrMexaH[qecKux r.rcnurauplfio6pasua. Ha 6o-
xosoft loBepxHocrr.r foJIoBKrr AoJr>KHo6rnl x,'reftnroOTK 3aBoAa-Ir3ro-
ToBrire,TflH yKagaHve roqnofi AJrr.rHbr 6onra.
IIpu c6opxe floArrrnrrHuxono6paqarcr oco6oe BHnMaHHeHa npa-
Br4,'rbHocrbgarflx(Kr.r luaryHHbrx 6o,rroe. Hau6o,ree pacilpocrpaHeH-
sue cnoco6br KoHTpoJIflsarflxKrr ocHoBaHbrHa 3aMepe yA,rIrHeHr.If
6anra, yr,'Ia floBopora rallxu, Kpyrflrrlero MoMeBTa3arrrx(K]r H pacrfl-
)KeHafl 6onra rr4ApaB,TuqecKlrM ycrporicreox4 Ha onpeAe,'rennoeAaBJre-
HHC.
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6oma,-uan6o.nee
ro,lHHtl. 3arrxr<y npolrsBoAflrB HecKoJrbKo
npHeMoB.Ecnlr 6o,rroe
57
r{eTblpe,}tx 3aTgrllBa}oTB IIIaXMaTHo\{rropflAKe. Ec.ln nOcae OKoHI{a-
-He
lrfis 3aTflX<Krrrafixti IxaTyHHOfO 6Onra -OTBepCTIle AJIfl run,'IaHTa
coBrraAaeT c npope3rrNrHKOpOHriarofirafir<n, ro raiixV cJeJ.yeT IIO-
tsepHyrb B cropoHy Harflfa Ao coB[aAeHl4fl OrBepcrllf c npope3blo'
3arauyrUe xnioqalau rair<tt 6O,'rrOri4o"rxuu 6url 3auIil.lIIHToBaHbI'
flpr.rrUerieHnetrllr"ilIIHTOB, HeCOOTBeTCTBy]O1r1ilX pa3NIepa\I Il.lu 6lrS-
Llrux B 1'norpe6.tIeHllll,3anpeqaercfl .
Pesy"rlrarlr 3aMepoB AJrrlHbrixaTyHHbrx 6onros Ao 3arflKKI{ raeK
ri rrocile Hee SaHocrr n Qopmynflpbl AIl3e,lq
V o a x ' I o B b I X n o A I r I l r r I H u K o B n p o B e p f l I o rl l 3 H o c ( n o r o ' r q t l -
n " s a i " u ^ r ) , u e p a e H o M e p H o c r br l p o c a A K l l ( c N o 6 o f t ) ' B e r n q n H y I v l a c -
,tqHoro 3a3opa (orrucxom ceraHqosbfr[poBolroKli I4JII4IIly[ol,I), npn,re-
faHrre sxnalblItteil K nocre'rll{ u ureriNalt Ko,rieHqaroroBaJIa (ua xpac-
r-v) . Kpolre rofo, oc\'IarpuBalor cocroflHlle pa6ouirx nonepxuocreft,
rfacJqHblx xo.lonHilbHHKOB K,a H a B O K '
flonpeNAeugfl. ri croco6ti pelroura BK,lIa.{,bIIIIefi p auOrUlx iIOAIIII,III-
IlIlKoB TaKve xe, KaK I'I MorbIJIeBbIX IIOAllIUnHllKOB'

s fi. KonEHqArblE BAnbl

yf.nepOAI'ICTyIO
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Ii,'ru Jerl{pOBaHHyrc CTad'Ib. Ba,rlt uoryr 6url: Ue"IbHOKoBaHbIMll
t: ...
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C,\.,AoBbrXBCrrOMOraTe,'rbHbIX4uSe,rrax) H COCTaBHbII\{U,Il3 AB.vX l
ulacrer:i, coeAugeHHbrx $,lalluartu (y r,'laBHbIX Ause,'ieil cpe4neft u :!
(o,'l"tuatble'BaJIbI Moulgbix ua;rOo6opornotx t
SO,nliuoii llorquocru).
cocTaBHbIlIII HJII no,IIycocTaBHbIMIl
.quae"lefi ltHorAa BbIIlo,rlHfroT c .
't
t{oTblJflNill.
;
Koplronoll, (i<onuenofi) Q,laHeq, clyxaqltft A'rIfl coeALIHel{I'Ifl-N{3€'
yrlopHbIM BaJIOM' OTKOBbIBaIOt
.rx c npoltelKyroqHblM 14,'I14 :1O{T^o--t , ,,
Ko,;IeHqaTbIMBaJIox{.Haea,'ty,o6uquoyKopMoBoroQlauua'ycT3-
Ba'TIa' na
xlaB.rl14BarcTIXecTepHlo Ad'Ifi I]p]lBoAa pacnpeAe'rlilTe' rlbHoro .
npllBoAa HacocoB, 06c"Iy- 1:]1
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paBHoMepHocrb
)KuBaro[Iux J.il3e"Ib, lI \iaxoBIlK, o6ecneqnBalouufi
tsp
' auIeHHfi ilBnraTe.tIff .
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ii{}re cn"tbl }IHepuun u nx MOMeHTbI.
pacTorlKaMn I' l Oe3
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lrbr qlrpKy.IlstlltOssofi CMaSKI,l K Ka)KAOMy paMoBOMy nOAixIIIIHI{Ky'
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I,'lq noAeoAa xrac,ra K Morbr.rreBbrM[oArxrrrIHHKaM
"r u pU*OebIX IgeiiKax, a TaKlKe B uIeKaX U MOTbIJIeBUx rireiixax'
flpu a;inre;rrsoii pa6ore Ai43e"{q ruefixn Ko,IleHqaroro BaJIa Cpa-
Qoprvry.B pesy"rlrare oHL
6arHsarorcfl rr repflor ur4,Trr{HAprrqecKy}o
npllo6peraror (n
e,r,,rlrnruqecKyro cerleHrru),xoriycuyron
n_ouepeuHoM
rp)fae reo\{erpuqecxne $opn'rlt (6ouNoo6pasHyIo'NopcerHvrc)'
58
 3,urunrrr.iHocrl (onanrHocrl) xapaKrepllsyercfl paBHocrbFoAByx
B3ar.rMHoneplieHAiiKynflpHblxAI{aMerpoB rrrertKl{.I(ouycuocrr onpeAe-
.rflercn pa3Hocrbro nHaMerpoB, ,'le)KaIuilx e oAHoil n.'IocKocrt4It It3rle-
I I o K o H u a Mu r e f t x u .
-D e H H b I X
HeoAuuar<oenfi n3Hoc rroBepxHocrrr[reeK ilo"ryqaercs Bci]eAcrBre
Hapy[reHr.rr npaB]4,'IbHocrrr B3auMHoro no,rro)Ker{Hfl
ocefi uu.rnnApoeoit
BTy,IIKI{, [OpIXHf, KOr.IeHriaTOfO Ba,Ia 14 ero IIOAIilnIIHUKOB, HeCOO,IIIOAe-
Hrrfl HopN{a.qbHofope)KI.IMa3Kcrr,'tyarauull, nu6patluu ABltfare,{n H
.4,pyrirx IIp[rri4H.
TaK, KoHycHocrb ttoflB,'rflercfl ^0pHa
npr n.roxoii noAroHKenoArrra[rufiKa,
' B p e 3 y J l b r a r er i e r o o H n p u p a 6 o r e
c o n p r r K a c a e r c r rH e n o s c e r ? A , r u H e
ureiixlr, a xat<ofi'ro qa'crblo, qro II
npHBoAxT K U3H'OCy OAHOTO u3 KOH-
uoB rueliNn. I(ouycHocts Molr{er
BO3HrrKHyTb raKx(e H3-34 Hapylxe-
HUfl IIeHTpOBKT ABX)KeHUfl.
3;-LTIHIITHT{€cxyrc$op,lry ruefira
na;ia npuo,6peraer, r,rrannum o6pa-
3o\r, npn g,eil'clelrr.t 14Hepllr4oH'Hbrx
clr,x HelrpaBHoBeIrre,HHbIX Macc K'pIt-
BOTIIITIIHO-[IaTyHHOfO MeXaHI]3Ma.
PHc. 26. Cxerra o6nepa ueeK Ko,'renr{a-
TOrO BaJa
86,'tlrtran nupa6orxa Ha,6.rrroAaercfl
\ I{OTbr,'IeBbIX UIeeK, IlCnbITbrBaIOqAX cuJrbHyro HepaBHolrepHocTb Ha-
fp\r3r{u.
Xapar<rep r{ lrHTeHCuBHocrb r43HocarueeK 3aBr{csr raK;*ie or pe}Kn-
rIa cNIa3Ki4,N{aC,rIqHOtO 3a3opa B IIOAIIIXIH],IKaXH Or nOneprUOCreft
TBepAOCrr{N{aTeprra"{oB ueeK rr rroArrrr.rnHrKoB.
Cpeasrru'rHopNra,rrbHbrri HsHoc [reeK Ha 1000 'l pa6orli J.rq ;fi3eJfl,
B 3aBi.icrrMocrrror efo KoHcrpyKrIrrH u ycnonafi 3Kcn,'ryarauHU,co-
craB,rrfler; ilrorbr,rieBbix - 0,01-0,02 ua, paMoBbrx- 0,005-
Q,0015 .u.tt.
I4sHoc paN{oBbIXlr Morbr;'r€Bbrx[reeK Ko,qeHqarofo Bza']o onpeAe-
.1fllor nyTex{ 3aMepa Ar.{aMeTpoB B Tpex florieper{HblxcerieHi{flx B AByx
83alr\rHo nep[eHAr4Ky,rr{pr]brx nJrocKocrflx- BeprrrKa,'rtHorirr fopLIBoH-
r a . l r d o f i ( p H c . 2 6 ) . O r u o l s c e q e H r r r :(ic p e 4 u e e ) I o , ' r ) K H oH a x o l n r b c f l
n o c e p e . r r r H ef J r r H b r n e l i x u , a r l B a A p y f u x ( r p a r i u u x ) - H a p a c c r o f l -
rruu 15-20 ttrt or rarre,reft (rpaq ilefixia).
flprz o6rvepe Morbr,reBbrxureeN coorBercrByloullrri Morbrdlbn.o.'r>Ker-r
6 u r l y c r a H o B , r e HB B . r \ r . T . , a n p l r o 6 t r e p e p a l r o B b r x u e e K - B . ' r r c -
6r.ro rrs NreprBbrxroqeK. Panaonr,reurefirn MoxHo raKX(e fi3Nrep_flTb ripl{
nO,{O)KeHI,ll4 MOTbL'lf IIepBOfO
.Ilil,' IllHApa !,H3e;'If Il B. N{. T. H,rlrl H. NI. T.
( c [ e . , ' I b l os K o H o M r 4 rB] p e M e H H ) .
flocxo.raxy Morbr,'reBaflrueiixa rrcnbrrbrBaer san6o"nsuree ].cHnr{e
He B B. t{. T., a ltpn orK,lroHeHI]IIor Hee Ha Heroropltti yfo.T, il Hau-
iro,rrurriil l{sHoc ueftxri r'Ie}Kur IIe B [,itocKocru x{orbllt, a cMeIr{eH or
ree Ha Hexoroputl yfo,'I, To A,'trr 6o,'Iee roqHoro orlpeAeJeHllfl xapaK-
. I .1 lr3HOCaqe,UeCOO6pa3HO Morbr,lenyrc uefirv Ao[o.qHuTejrbllol]3il{e-
59
 noA yfJtoM 45o x nepruKa,'IbHofiIl roplt3oHTaaruoit
pffTb B rrJrocKOCTrrX
IId'IOCKOCTt )1.
(6e: noAletla
O6ueo Dat\IoBbIx[IeeK B Ilpou,ecce 3KcrlJlyaralrna
xo.rrenqiiorb na;ra) c qe,IIbIoonpeAeJleHl4fl srrlzilruqHocrll npoll3Bo'ltlr
ilpu I]oMoullt ItHAI.IKaropa' ycraHOB'IIeHHOfO Ha parl)' Asltrare"Iq' A' tIg
9Toro, ycraHoBI'IBMorblilb riepnoro qu'rIhHApa B .B' ..M'r'' a HoIKK-vIIH-
rireliru r coBMecrI'IB
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crpenKv HH,r,IlKaropac Hy,'IeBbIMAeJIeHaeM' ilOBOpaqHBarcr
peb xaxaue 456 sanncblBalor rIoKa3aHI'IsHHAI{Karopa'
Be,ruqnna ,nn"n""u"ocru urefixt'r 6yaer pqPqa yAnoeHuoii MaKcu-
EcrecrneHHo' IIO"Iyqurb
ua"llsofi pa3HOCTrrnoi<agasnit i4HAlII(aTOpa.
pa3Mepbl rueftru JIpIr raKoM 3aMepe HeBo3MoxHo'
a6cortorHble
Ang AIlse,'lg, HaxoAflI[erocfl B aKcn"q,va-
U KOHyCHOCTb-
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- 0,00078 d*.'0'05 'n'u' paMo-
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nVCTHrtbIeHopMbI, Xo'legtlarufi Ba'rl
rirpyror (u.nu$yrcr, o'IlH"lI4BaIor''pacraql{-
BaIor)
Xapar<rep I{ BeruriuHy usru6a 9:1-^::'
ntluao:1 npoBepqlor nyreM II3Mepe-
Puc. 27. flponepxanpocaA- :aJIa
K' paMoBo-ii np,r'"it: ll: :f:::^:l-*JloiilX"oX*r"l;;;",?:
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lvtoulH cxo6st
alor B cpoKI4t
usu epeuHn Ae,.'I --y-Ii: ii::tg; :
r pa$ r.rxe n,'IaHoBo-r peAyflp€AI{TeiTI "- ^9,?,H
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rrocrresar' x(KrI^" ;Ji ;; J.. "'$ynau *t"i"l]-1-,-6.:.Tou'n9:l:
p aMoBbIx [oAIIIunHI'IKoB' SaAIIpoB
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'
paccronnuft \Iex{Ay IqeKa-
peAe"{qlor TaKXe no pacKerlaM (pasnocrl

60
 I a o J r vu a /
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N OIU t{ II TIIIR A

npocaaKnflpn
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r orpuuare.,o"o,nn".
no-
J-IoxllTe,ilbHulipacxen yKaSbIBaeTua nporu6 Ba.-raBHil3 (plrc. 28, a),
orpl{rlareJlbur,rft - Ha elr{'n6 ero tsBepx (puc. 28, 6).
.. BennulrHy pa.cKerra Lr3Mepflror Mr.rKpoMerpr{qecKr.rM rrrrnxMacoM
Tvrlr r4qLr4raropoM c rorruocrblo ,qo 0,01 ttn. llpn r43MepeHur.r
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TopoM, sb u36exauze orua6oK, rroKa3aHuq c,'reAyeTIIoHHMarb TaK:
ecJIH crpeJrKa Ha ilu$ep6nare ABr4xercs rrporxB uaconoii, Be,r[qnHy
Ir3MepeHuq cqHTaIoT IIoJIo-
E.a,n. 0.n. n. xare"lluolr, ec"'II] no qaco-
eoft - orpuqare.ruuoli.
ilb n6

n6 n6

Fnc. 28. Pacxenu Ko"'reHqaroro

Bara Puc. 29. .llecra eauepa pacKe[oB

!,,ua zsuepeHns pacKenoB Ba,,ra Heo6xoAr4MoHa ureKax HaHecrn

KepHbI, pacflod'Iox{eHHbleIIorcepeAIrHeUIeKH (tua ee o,cu) H yAa,'IeH-
Hbie or ocrr Ba,ira Ha paccrosHfle, paBHoe paAnycy ruefiru (pnc. 29).
V cocrasHHx Ba,toB Tor{KI.IgaMepoB pacrlolrio)KeHblHa paccrogHlIn
10-15 Jvtrtor Kpafl rqeKlz.3aneAs nnAr.rKaropB KepHbr (crpe,'rry zn-
Ar.IKaropa ycraHaB,rrrBarorHa nylr) n Bparrlafl Ko"'reHr{arbril BaJr, qe-
pee Kax4bre 90' (n. M. r., ,'reBblri6opr; H. M. r, upaenft 6opr) oupe-
,4,e,'IflIoro'rKJIoHeHuflcrpeJIKLIor r.rcxoAHoliroqru. KorAa IIIaryH Haxo-
AI{TCfl,B H. M. T. I,I CHgTIiepaCKeIIOBsaTpyAHeHO,HX I{3MerpfIOTIIpII
cx,reureHHoM yrJre rroBopora Ko,'reHqaroroBaJra (rpnuepHo Ha 15o or
B . l { . r . u n . n r .r . ) .
6l
 flpn- lt:r'repeHIln pacKerIa, KaK LI ltpocaAKI4,Heo6xo.f,Hnoy6e,Ltt;i-
cs B Tor\I, qro o6e paMoBble urefiru Morbl"rlr on-npalorcfl Ha HH)KHIIe
AK,II AAbIIIIII TIOAIII NIIH I4KOB.
f l o n y v e u H l t e p e s y n b r a r b l s a M e p o B3 a H o c n r e r a 6 . r l t u r ' 1 r a 6 , r . 8 ) .
T a 6 ; r s q a8
Oopua 3antacr,r3aMepa pacKenoB KoJleHqaroro Bara

P a c c r o i r H n e Mex{y nlexaMu MoTbIJIF' rt.rlt

BenEsHHapacKena npn
NO ,lOXCHhH MOTHJIg

. .,
B. :
H. -.
NB
,rIE :
**
,.,3
j
n
Ha ocHosaHI4H noJIyqeHHbIX sHa'IeHI'Ift pacKeloB Mo>I<Ho ofipeAe- i
-.1
.irnTb BeJII{qI1Hy,Ha KoTOpyrc H.V}KHOIIOAH'Tb (unu onycrurb) TOT EfiH
ggOri SN,qaAbIIIInoAluttnstlxa. Ec.llr pacKen IIMeeT IIO,IIOIK1'ITe"rIbHOe 3Ha- .:i

leHlIe, To AJfl )'LIeHbttteHIIfl efo Be,IIllqllHbI IIOAIXIIIIHIIKiI MOTbIdIIff :t=

IO,'IX{HbI 6Url IIOAHflTbI, a .{X

rlpH OTpI.{UaTeiIbHOr/i 3Harle- -:4
Hr.r- ofiyxleHbI. IIocxo;ttxt' 'iJ
no,r. no,lIyKpyr,rbIe BK,'IaAbiIIIlX
paMoBbrx rIoAIrInnHi.IKOB npo' . ;
KnanKV cTaBLITbHe paspelfla- .=
..j

j
ercq, rroAHflTIle It oll]'cKalu{e 3
't'l j
NOAIXI]NHI{KOB AOCTI,IIACTCd ,
-co- ._:\
rua6peuzent tlo nJIII'lI]HI'lKoB i.;;1
= ll-.t
CC,I,HXXMOTbJJICII. :'. ].:

!,cnycrnltue Be,rIIIqHHbI :::' ij

.0 |t' i t'"t pacKerl.oB 3aAaroTcfl B 3aBHClI-

0'l 0"1
Poinrnttr, Y'v Mocrr.ror xoAa noPurHr (S).
30. Holtorpaulta .1,'Ifi onpele.leHnn npe'
Mosraxsuii PacNen (nPtl
Prc.
pacKeIIoB Ko,rleHqaTofo
na"ra) paneri0,0001S,
yKJIa.l,Ke
AeJ'rbHo AOIIyCTI'IMbIX
BATA
pacKc[ AgIy-
B sKcr,rryaraul.ln
cKaercfl Ao 0,000155. IIPU
pacKene
' 6o,ree 0,00025 S Atl:e'lt K sKCn,rIyarauHIIHe Ao'nycKaercfl'
Ha puc. 30 flpllBeAel{a HoiliorpaNlNla,c noMoullto xoropoil yAo6Ho
cnpeAe,IlflrbXapaKrepHcrxKv pacKena. Ha HOUOrpauue HaHeceHbl
qeTblpe lTIVqa, iloKa3bIBa}oUItIeCoCToqHI,Ieocil Ko,'IeHlIaTo|o BaJIa
(1 -^xopouree, 2 - lAoBrerBopllre,lbHoe, 3 - nepeyxrlaryKa Bar'ia pe-
xoueHnyerc fl, 4 - nepe-vK'rlaAKao6rsare,rlHaa) . Holtorpaulru Ilpe-
,ne,IrbHoAGIIyCTIIMbIX pacKeIIOB COCTaB,TflIOTHa AlI3e,ilecTpoIITe,lbHOli
3aBOAe.
KpOl,re I{3HOCa il IlcKpflB.leHl,lg OCI4,KO,'IeHqaTbIUBa,rl NIO}KeTIIilleTir
xoppo3r.roHHble pa3.5e,q,aHI1fl,3aAHpbI, IrapailIlHbI, c,'IeAbI 6a66ura u
pe)Ke - Tpeqr.rHbr 11 no.iiolrKtr (uaure y BcrroNrofaTe,TL,Hbrxtuseneft).
.62
 IlopposrtonHble noBpe)I{AeHIrsnorepxuocreii rueeK Ko,'IeHqaroro
e a J a ( q e p H o r a , o c n r H r t ) M o r y r 6 l t r l c . r e A c r B H e Mn o B b l l r l e H I ] o lxi u c -
JOTHOCTII MaC,'Ia, nOnaAaHIIfl B HerO BOAbI, a TaKlKe HeIIOABI'1)I{HOIG
rror'rolx€Hr4flB TerreHhe HecKo,'ibKr.rxcyToK. tlro6u npeAyripeAlrTb Kop-
po3liro, Heo6xoAuntorlqare,IlbHo c,IieArirb3a KaqecrnoM Mac"'Ia,Haxo-
J.ffx{efocq B CIlCTeMe,a BO BpeMfl A,IIHT€JIbHbiX CTOflHOKCyAHa e}Ke-
-tHeBHonpoBopar{HBarbBa,r rra 390-420'.
Me;ixlre Ko,rrbqeBble pvcKrr nofB,Tglorcfl or "BepAbIX rtacrHlr, ro-
rraBIrLrx npa c6opxe Al43e/'rflLrJrr4c llxpKy"qffuroHHbrMx{acd'roM. 3aAn-
pbl Ha ruerirax o6pasyrcrcn or nepefpeBa H rro.qniraBKrnoIuHnHHKa.
3aeAauue lropurr{fl B rrrrJIHHApe H,'rHHeAocraroqHbIftliac,'rsHtrri 3a3op
B IIOAIXIIIIHHKe TaK)Ke N{OfyT BbI3BaTb 3aAHpbI IXeeK Badira.
flpuulrHauurpeu-(HH
n no,rovox na,ra rroiSr 6urr pa6ora Au3e,'rfi
Ha KpnTuqecxofi qacrore BpaII{eHLifl,noAilJIaBKaIloAtxlllrHuNon,6o,'Ib-
mHe cr,{ell{eHutlH il3,ToMbr ocera n coeAHHeHr.rfx c Ba"lonpoBoAorvl
u T. .x..
llpu o6HapyxeHr4r.rcMeureHr.rrr oceii xo.renrlaroro Ba.'ia lr nprrcraB-
Horo Ba.ra 6o.ree rreM Ha 0,05 .u*t H tr3,rrorra:rrr.r oceij cBbriue0,05 .rr.rr
ua I n [r-rHHbIxo,reu']arul? Ba,[ rroA,Te>KHT nepeyKJa.lxe. Taxxe Ha.1o
floMHltTb, r{To ocll Bcex paMoBbIX IIeeK KO,IIeHqaTOTO BaJIa Ao,II>KHb}
HaxoArrrbcfl Ha oAgorl JrHHrrr4. Ocu uoru"'reBbrx H paMoBbrx [reeK aoJI-
;xsu 6url napa,'r,Te,rrbntt (tix Heflapa,rr.lie,.rbHocrb xorrycKaercq He 6o-
.ree 0, 15 .m.uHa 1 ,rz,q,;rnusrnana).
Hexoroplre [oBpexAeHr{fl rrreeK Ko.leHr{arofo BaJa xro)KHoycrpa,
Hurb B cyAoBbrx ycJroBriqx.Tax, ocnuubl, qepHora (pesr-llraru xop.,
pogr4u) rr \reJKr{e pncKr.rsa urefrxax ycrpaHfl}or ru"'rrrQonxoiinpu no-
M-olqil AepeBflHHofo xoMyra c Hax{AaqHbrNrrro,'rorHo}r. flprr 6o.lee
cepbegHblxtloBpex{AeHurx (o6pasoBarJufl npeAe,'rbHofi3J.-rrrnrrrr{Hocrfi
u , l I I K o H Y C H o c r u )N o , r e H q a t r r i B a . [ n p o r a r ] r i B a ] o rH a c r a H K e B 3 a B o A -
CKI,IX vCJOBIIflX.

5 {2. nPOBEPKA
4EHTpOBKrAn3EnEn

l,,ra o6ecneqeHr,rfl
HopMa,rbHofipa6ortr .nil3e,rrflneo6xoAnuo rroc,tlel
ero nepe6opKir, 3aMeHbrl,'in peMoHTagera,leri, a raK)Ke nepnoArirrecKii
ts ilpol{ecce 3KCn,'IJ'araquIInpOBepffrb TIeHTpOBKy \,IeXaHUgN{aABIr)Ke-
.tllfl t] Ba,toB.
I-leurpoexy' IrexaHusMa ABH)KeHr.rfl npoBeprror nyreM 3aMepa 3a-
' o p o B M e l K J . yn o p u H e M ( n p r z c H a r t r x x o n l q a x ) u a r y n N o l i e H r . r x u e j t
,r nepxueft qacrflx tlopIxHfl, ycraHaB'lIzBag tvloTbLTb ABI]tare,Ilf B Bepx-
illorc u Hh)KHroroMepTBbreroqKr.r.B rpoHNonot{ Ar43e,rre 3a3opbr SaMe-
. ] f l T O T T O . i I b K O B I i " T I O C K O C T I IO C U K O , ' I C H I I A T O I O B A J A (NO OCrr), TAK KAK
:r HanpaB,rreHlrri,trepleH4rlxy"rnpHolr er1 (no xo4y), rpoHK noprxHfi
rpir)Klrx{aercflK creHKe Bry,rKrr, ntr6upan Basop.
Beepxy sa3opEr peKoMeHAyercfl3aMepsrb y Hanpae"'rsrcuefi qacrn
-.llltl]rrfl ;iJ[HHbrM rqyloM. flpu zcno,rb30BaHllr]KoporKoro uyrra 3a-
.,-l c"rex-ver
cHuMarb BosMox(Ho Hil)Ke BepxHeii xpouNn roJIoBKrz
: : r r J r r . B u u s y s a M e p b r f l p o u 3 B o r , q r u a p a c c r o n H u l r z o - 3 0 J 4 J uo r

63
 '

roprra roprxHf (pnc. 3l). Bce saMepblnplt o6orzxrroJroxeHHflx nopIU-

Hs nponaBoAflT ABaxAu. B c"ryuaeI{x coBrIaAeHIlsnpu rroBTopHoMLl3-
MepeHlru pe3yJlbrarbl
saHocflT a ra6;tvqy flo c,reAyloulerl Soplre
(ra6,r. 9) .

Puc. 3i. flpoaepxa ueHrpoBKI{MexaHHs'

Ma aBlrx{eHllff TpoHKOBOfO A}i3e'lfl

T' cyMMa 3a3o-

Ec,rrz npil ro,ilox{eHllrx MorblJifl B B' M' T' 14H' M'
paBHa cyMMe 3a3opoB blc to 4pyrott
poa a{a fo oaHoft AilaroHa,rlu
To gro 6yaer o3Harlarb, r{To floputeHb' a c'teAoBareJlbHo'
AIiaroHa,'ru,
u [IaryH ycraHon,teubl ttpaBn'{bHo' flp" HepaBeHcrBe yKa3aHHbIX
cyMM sa3opou nopr"no 6y^"t nepexOrueu B Iln,'ILIHApe,qTo 6yge'r
B,rrrigTL,Ha I43HOCt\IOTbL'IeBOfO nOAIuIIIIHI{KAVJII4 rUeftrU' Onpe4elln
noprii-
pa3Hocrb sasopoB Mex{Ay IIopIxHeM ,,lty'1oft--":-tl}lr Yty
M o r b I J I n ( n . r u . ' r . I r H . M . T . ) , H a x o A f l TB e '
ir" non o6onx-[o,'roxeHgflx
,'rnunrrynepeKocailoplxHfloTHocI,ITe,'IbHoocl{qn,'II4HApa'
o4
 " t
T a 6 n u q a9
Oopua ganr.rcr,tpe3yJrbraroB npoBepKu UeHTpoBKn rpoHxoBoro An3erc

3a3oPbr(B ilrt, npn rroJtoxeHu[Morbtrr B

M,ecro 3aMepa
Ilotr u!ta

e*,
Benzqaua AoflycrnMofo [epeKoca yKa3aua B nacflopre An3eJrs.
06uquo csHTaIoT, rrTo [epeKoc He Ao,'I)KeH 11peBbll1arl 0,15 .it.il4Ha
I u.Fnuww nOpTUHr. e.. .
-
,{,na 6o.rruefi roqHocru (c qenrn o6natriyli<ennfl rrepeKoca) xe,la-
TeJrbHonpoBepsTb MexaHH3MABr4)KeHr{tr nprz BpeMeHHoycraHoBneH-
xIbIX MTIHITMaJIbHbIX MacJIflHbIX 3aSopax' B MorbldlleBoMIIOILIII{IIHHKe
(0,05-0,1 .auv). Ecnw nepeKoc nopuinr npeBbrrxaer AorycrnMyro Be-
d'u4rmHy,olpeAeJrflroT [pr4qHHy BOsHr]KHOBeHrrtr H ycTpaHfIoT ero.
B npaxrzxe 3KcttJryaraunn rpoHKoBbrx Ar.rse,rreilnaoryr Bcrpernrb-
cfl c,rleAyrofiulexapaKTepHbrec,'ryqa[ pacueHTpoBKu.
ll.pu uporuBorroJroxrHbrx rroJro>KeHriflxMorbr,'rfl cyMMa 3a3opoB rro
oAsoft Anarora[rw MeHprrre cyMMbr sa3opoB no 4pyrorl AHaroHaJrH
(a{dab{c wilv.afd2blc), r. e. npll o6onx rio,roxennsx Morbr-
Jrfl rrop,rrenb HaKJroHeHB oAHy r4 ry xe cropoHy (n Hoc HJlrrB xopuy) .
f l p n u l r H a n e p e K o c a B A a H H o Mc r y q a e ( p u t . d t , ' a ) o 6 r a c H s e r c f l H e -
npanunlHoli npurourofi nepxuefi [o,ToBHHbrr,rorbrr'reBoro rroArur4rrHr]Ka.
llprzBafiKy [oprrrgfl AeJralor ua6peuuen 6a66urosoft earrLlBKUHa
BepxHeM BKJIaAbIIIIeMoTbIJIeBofo [oAruI]nH]IKa co cTopoHbl, IIpoTHBo-
no,roxgoft cropoHe HaK,rrolla nopruHf. Taxoft xe c.nori gaJrr4BKLtCHrt-
MAIOT C NPOTIIBOTIOJIOXHOiI CTOPOHbIHI,I)KHC|OBK,'IAAbIIIIA.BO BPCUN
ura6peuun Mera"rJra c oAuoft cropoHsr BKdrraAblruazs6uror BaJTI.IBKH
rrocTeleHHo cBoAflT -rra HeT K rrpoTr{BonoJro>KHOMy TOprIy BKJIaAbIrrIa,
cJreAfl sa reM, qro6tr He <<pa3Badrrrzrru 60xa sa,'rHeKfi."Ilpu.nerauue
BKraAbrma r ruerixe Ba,la lpoBepflror Ha KpacKy. To.nqrny^cura6peu-
H'oro cr]Iof onpeAeJlffIoT nyreM IzBMepeHI{fl Mr4KpoMerpoM ToJ[rIr4HbI
BKJIaAbIInaBMecre c sa,'Iusxoli.
flpu nonoxe'Hrr MorbrdrrflB B. w. r. a{dqb{c, a npfl noJrox{e-
rrrrLrB H. M. r. ald2bfc, r. €. npu xpaftuax ro/ro>KeH""x rroorunq
noprleHb HaKJIoHeHB nporr'rBoflo,ro]r(Hbre cropoHhr (prnc. Bl, 6). oror
c;lyuaft.. yxa3brBaer Ha Henapa,'rJreJIbHocrbtr.lorsl.leeoft rueftxz c ocblo
a Hq ror onu,roeNoii NrorH,reeorl lrrefixrz c roc,relyn-
3*: _I:!.,*c Jcrp
npufoHKort noArxrzrrHriKa no ueriNe Ba[ra u ycrauoexori ueo6xo_
qrlqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqq
.q,r.rMofo MacJrflHofo3a30Da.
IIpn no,roxeHuu Morbrd'rrr B B. M. T. c y M M a B a 3 o p o Bn o o 6 o n r u A u a -
roHavlrflM paBrra (a{d:b{c), a n p n [o,IIO)KeHuHB H. M. T. 3Ta CyM-
r-1799
65
 Ma rro oAHoii i43 AnaroHa,rerl lresrure, qeM nplr lp1'rofr (a-7d2b--c),
T. e. fioplxer{b HaK,rroHeH To;'rbKo[prr IIo,To)KeHnuB H- ]t. T. floAo6unri
rrepeKoc BbrsbrBaercflo/t,HocropoHueftxouycHocrbro rrorrireeofi rrreft-
x u ( p r z c . 3 1 , a ) . A n s y c r p a H e r { u ae r o r o 4 e $ e K r a o n u J i i B a } o r x o H y c
rueftNn eana.

PHc. 32. flponepxa qeHr-

ponxu rpeiurontPuoro ln-
3E,'Ifi

llpti rro,TolKeHIIli uOrltnh n xpalineu no,lo)KeHIII'1 (e. U. r' u H.,M' T')

3a3Opbr N{exiAy r{oprlHeM rt nrynroii BBepxy i'i nHltiY P.aBIbI \a':c'
A-'\ a c y M M a o r u x 3 a 3 o p o BH e p a B I I a ( a * c * b + d ) . B Aauuont
cJyr{ae rrepeKoc oceft orcyrcrByer, iroprueHb cMeilreH napa"lJle"IbHo
ocir.
f,ra ycrpaHeHn,q cMerrleHHsnpoBepfroT Bo3MoxHocTb nepeMellle-
e o6parnylo cTopoHy BAO"Ib Urefii<n
noArur.rrrHr4Ka
Htrfl MOTbr,leBOfO
MOTbLtfl. ECnri raXaq BO3NIO)KIIOCTb LIN{eeTCfl,TO npUBeAefIHOe COOTITO-
CN4elqeHI4e
Uregfle saBOpOB MoIKHO ocraBItTb 6es riSx'reHeUug.EC,'tH )Ke
rrOArxgnHUKa HeBO3MoxHo, seo6xOAuMo OCMOTpeTb er6 TOpUbI Il fa,T'
renn. O6uapy)KeHHble sa6OriHbI Ha ra,rlTe,rlflXC,rleAyer 3a[I],'luTb. LIuOr- ,1
N rua6peHl'{Io roplreBoli qacru noAIxHnHIiKa.
4a upn6eranr
I
'-*--
66
 llponepNa ueHrpoBKr4MexaHr{3MaABfixeHrlfl xpeiiqNon$Hr,rx Arr3e-
"refi no cpaBHeHHroc rpoHKoBbIMu I{Meer HeKoropbre oco6essocrrr.
Tax, ec,'lll B TpoHKoBtIXAIi3e"rrflxorpaHnriuBalorcfl cHflTI4eM3aMepoB
To,{bKo rro oclr, e Nper?qronSHux 4lrseJ]flx BaMepbIMex{Ay nry,'iNoft n
r r o p r x H e MA e , ' r a r o ri 4 n o o c n ( u o c - x o p n a a ) , r r t t o x o A y ( n e n u f i -
npaer,lfi 6opra), [ocKor'IbKynoprrreHby HI.IXHe.4,o,'])KeH Kacarbcs creH-
KU IlH,TIr{HApa.
OnpeAeneunble rpyAHocrli npn npoBepKe rreHTpoBKlrBHocHT Ao-
no,rnnrenruuit yseJI- rpefturonQuoe coeAnHeHr.ie.3aeoptr MexAy
nop[rnelr n nry,'ixoil npoBepfl]or ue n Npafiur.rxMeprBbrx flo,rro]KeHnflx
Morbr,irs,a Lo wrrLrttoc,le Hux rra 30-40' (no xoay nnepeg) . Tar no-
cTynaloT A,'rff Tofo, qro6u rro!,i3yHnpn cHflT[r4 3aMepoB 6u.t npnxar
K napa,r,-'reJrn [epeAHero xoAa (A,na nocnpo]rgBoAcrBayc,roenri pa6o-
qero no,Tox(eHrzfl Ha nepeAslzrlxoA).
flpu xoporxux nopilHflx 3a3opbr n,relKAyrroprrHeM n sry.nxoil sa-
rrepflIoT B oAHoM ceqeHHH,nprr :urrr{Hbrx- B rnvx (enepxv rr BHu3y
noprnna). 3asopsr N{exAy noJr3yHoilrrr napa.r.re.-rb}o,a rar{iKe rrex{xv
rro.[3yHoMi.r HaudeqrrHa]rrr cHuN{aroTB BepxHeii n urrxHeli qacrsx no.'r-
3yHa.
Mecra 3aMepoB ttpu npoBepKe rleHrpoBKr.rnoKasaHw ua pnc. 32,
a Qopua sarrucv npr.rBeAeHa e ra6n. 10.
Ta6,ruul l0
Oopma 3attucn pe3ynbraroB npoBepKr.r TIeHTpoBKH xpefiuxon@uoro AH3eJrs

3a3op6r (B r'r) vexr.v

non3yHoM q napaJlterblo
noprxHeM Il not3ynou rl
Ho- norox eHHe BrynKofi ,ID
HruesnHOfi
uep M O Tb I ' g : qrrnuHApa
11H-
3 0- 4 0 ' n b c n e Kopua
&rs4pa KoPva

X
q
s
f

A1 a1 a3

-t-
Q4

B. iu. r.
I

-l-
H. u. r.
B.u.r
2
H. lr. r.

llo sasopanr MexAy rpoHKoM noprxHfl n ery,rroft cyAflT o Katrecr-

tse ueHrpoBKr.IABr.rxeFrus.?ru Basopbl Ao,lr)KHbrHaxoArirbcf B npeAe_
,ra\, peKoMerl4oBaHHbrx3aBOAOM-CTpOr.ITed'reM fl414 <<llpaeH,'raN{rr
rex-
:rrr,recxorigKcfl/'ryaraquu Arzee"'ierl>>.
B c,ryuae o6uapyxehr]fl HeAonyc_
rililoro rlepeKoca IIopIxHr [;'If BbIrB"rleHHflefo npHqr{H BaMepflIoTga-
r:'bl lielKrly [O,'I3yHOM U fiapAJIJIe,'IbIO II [O,'I3yHOM -
. H3I-I{€.IHHSMrLI.
. rrr3rrpyflno,ryrreHHbre
SaMepbr,o[peAe,'rflIor AeQeNru qeHTpoBKr.r
r.r
.- . .. t-cltoT IIX.

67
 seo6xo'u,t' lua
flpn snaurTeJrbHbrxrz3HOCaXMexaHu3Ma ABh)KeHIlfl
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74
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!,o npaxo4a s 6nu>r<afiurnrlnopr npupa6orxy anapuilHoil nryn-
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NOBCPXHOCTI4IIITATHE,IX TIOJIIXHNHI]KOB.
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qnLI Ha peN(r.rMaxt coorBercrByroqr{x ra6n. 14.

76
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140
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t41
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142
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143
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BAHHiO.
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- B t,qaBHbIX .[,h3e,Iigx.
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0 7 BI

Plrc. 73. fasoryp6ouarHerarerrb

<Epoyu-6oaepr>rtrfla VTR650:
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iI UIl ruapnxoauli gnyxpqAHHfi IIoAIxHnHIiK, CNiaeHsaIoT TIOAIuI4IIHIIKII

HABEIIICHHbII,IIZHA POTOP UCCTCPCHI{ATbIMHHACOCAMN UilU OTACJIbHbIMI,I
rJeKTprzqecKI.IMHHaCOCaun. B nepBoM C,'ryqae Mac"lo 3a,rlHBalor
B Kap-
repbi' pacnoJro)xeHHbre ua ryp6iznnoM r,r KoM[peccopHoM KOHrrax poro-
pa (puc. 73). tr4sxaprepoe Mac,'rosa6HpaercaHacocoMr.r noAaercq
rg+rrufiHr.rra.Eii,rrocrbKJx{Aoro MacJrflHoroKaprepa cocraBJrfler
l]1
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145
 ,n"nrpo"uaocou sa6upaercf li HarlpaBJlflercao6pa'rHo B rparuralln-
F.::
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6osirserare"'ixr $irpu <Eyplreilcrep u Bafiu> n <3yllqep>>,
laaoryp6oHafHerareJlll Sraplru <Epoyn-Eooepu> npu\leHqlor Ha
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VTR-160, VTR-200 ilcno,rb3ylor Ha BCrIoMorare,rIbHbIX.r,I:lse'rlflx'a
- B AlI3e-
raK>Ke rJraBHbrxAuse.lnx ruua SKL, fTH runa VTR-320
6o,ree nol{sue fTH (VTR-400-VTR-750) -
! ;rsx uliasr> u MAK,
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F
I
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fTH onpeae,'lflIor npIIqHHV I'I ltpI4HI{Ma}or l\'{epll K ee ycrpaHeHflIo'
T e u n e p a r y p a n a c l a n p l l H o p M a , r l u o f i - P - a - Q o lfeT H a o ; t x H a H-a -
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OxJIaxA,eHH g ;;HZeJIfl. C"gS" C 3TLIM sa6.nIOAeune Sa Hefi
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ro Bo3Ayxa npl4BoArr 3afpfl3HeHue Bo3AyIxHbIx Qu'llrpon Harnerare-
peruerox y ryp6IlH, yreqKa npoAyBoqHoro Bo3Ayxa
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ToqHyIo uacrr typ6I{HbI u HafllerareJltl.
146
 JonarNli ryp6uHu npoMbiBaror B BaHHe c ropnueft BoAoft, ec,'rn
nogBo.'Ifler Koucrp,vKrlr{r, 6e3 BEreMKrrporopa H3 Koplyca (pnc. 74).
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AeBalor h gaKperrJrflrorcra,rbHort u{ur /. B o6pasoBaBfiryrocf BaHHv
2 ua.\usaror fopflqyro BoAy (80"C) a ue4"'ieuHo npoBopaquBaror po-
rop. Or,toNeHr4f Ha ,TonaTKaxpacTB,opgroTcsn oT,naAaroT.
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ropaueft soAoii Hr'rHrrapoNrB npoqecce pa6orli .rr,HBeJrfl.

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xeu 6url ycraHoB,lreHpery,rapnuli KoHrpoJrb.llpnsnaxorrr [onaAaHlrff
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148
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149
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