Power Supply Lost With Ignition On - Data Erratic, Intermittent or Incorrect Page 1 of 15

FAULT CODE 434 Automotive Application

Power Supply Lost With Ignition On - Data Erratic,
Intermittent or Incorrect
View Related Topic

Overview

CODE REASON EFFECT

Fault Code: 434 Power Supply Lost With Ignition On - Possible no noticeable
PID: S251 Data Erratic, Intermittent or Incorrect. performance effects or
SPN: 627 Supply voltage to the ECM fell below engine dying or hard starting.
FMI: 2/2 6.2 VDC momentarily, or the ECM was Fault information, trip
LAMP: Amber not allowed to power down correctly information, and
SRT: (retain battery voltage for 30 seconds maintenance monitor data
after key OFF). can be inaccurate.

ISX and ISM - ECM Power Supply Circuit

Circuit Description

The electronic control module (ECM) receives constant voltage from the batteries through
the unswitched battery wires that are connected directly to the positive (+) battery post. The
ECM receives switched battery input through the vehicle keyswitch wire when the vehicle
keyswitch is turned on.

Component Location

The ECM is connected to the battery by the OEM power harness through the ECM battery
supply stub. This provides a constant power supply for the ECM. The location of the battery
will vary with the OEM. Refer to the OEM troubleshooting and repair manual.

This diagnostic runs continuously when the keyswitch is in the ON position.

The ECM detects that primary ECM power supply dropped below 6.2 VDC while the
keyswitch was in the ON position. The fault code will be active when the keyswitch is turned
on following the incomplete power-down event.

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z The ECM records the fault code immediately when the diagnostic runs and fails.
z Power-down data like trip information, maintenance monitor, and fault code
information will not get saved to permanent memory when the keyswitch is turned off.

The ECM must see primary ECM battery voltage above 6.2 VDC when the keyswitch is
turned off before the fault code will go inactive.

Shop Talk

This fault is set active if the ECM battery supply voltage drops below 6.2 VDC while the
keyswitch is in the ON position.

Make sure the ECM unswitched battery supply is coming directly from the battery and not
the starter. If unswitched power is coming from the starter, it is possible for the battery
voltage to drop low enough during cranking to set this fault active.

This fault can also be caused by resistance in the ECM battery supply (+) or (-) circuits.
Resistance in these circuits can cause the voltage level at the ECM input to drop low
enough to set Fault Code 434 active.

Cautions and Warnings

CAUTION
To reduce the possibility of damaging a new ECM, all other active fault
codes must be investigated prior to replacing the ECM.
To reduce the possibility of pin and harness damage, use the following
test lead when taking a measurement:
Part Number 3822758 - male Deutsch/AMP/Metri-Pack test lead
Part Number 3164133 - female Deutsch/AMP/Metri-Pack test lead.

Troubleshooting Steps

STEPS SPECIFICATIONS
STEP 1. Check for fault codes.
STEP 1A. Check for fault codes. Fault Code 434 active?
STEP 2. Check the batteries and the power
connector.
STEP 2A. Check the batteries and Connections tight and corrosion-free?
the power connector.
STEP 2B. Check the battery Normal conditions: At least (+) 12 VDC
voltage. [(+) 24 VDC with 24 volt system];
During Cranking: At least (+) 6.2 VDC?
STEP 3. Check the OEM power harness.
STEP 3A. Inspect the harness Dirty or damaged pins?
and the ECM connector pins.

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STEP 3B. Check for an open At least (+) 10 VDC [(+) 20 VDC for a
circuit in the battery power circuit. 24 volt system]?

STEP 3B-1. Verify that the OEM

fuse is installed correctly.
STEP 3B-2. Check if the OEM
fuse is blown.
STEP 3B-3. Check the add-on or
accessory wiring at the (+)
terminal of the battery.
STEP 3C. Check the resistance of Less than 1.0 ohms?
the battery supply circuit.
STEP 3D. Check the keyswitch Keyswitch input wire uninterrupted?
input-to-ECM wire.
STEP 3E. Check the keyswitch Less than 5 ohms?
input circuit.
STEP 4. Clear the fault codes.
STEP 4A. Disable the fault code. Fault Code 434 inactive?
STEP 4B. Clear the inactive fault All fault codes cleared?
codes.

Guided Step 1 - Check for fault codes.

Guided Step 1A - Check for fault codes.

Conditions

z Connect all components.

z Connect INSITE™ electronic
service tool.

Action

Check for active fault codes.

z Use INSITE™ electronic service

tool to read the fault codes.

Fault Code 434 active? Fault Code 434 active?

YES NO

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No Repair If high inactive counts of Fault Code 434

are found in the ECM, check the battery
disconnect devices in the vehicle. If the
keyswitch and ECM power are
disconnected at the same time, Fault Code
434 will be logged.

Go to 2A Go to 4A

Guided Step 2 - Check the batteries and the power

connector.

Guided Step 2A - Check the batteries and the power connector.

Conditions

z Turn
keyswitch
OFF.

Action

Check the battery

connections.

z Check the
battery
terminal
connections.

Connections tight Connections tight and corrosion-free?

and corrosion-
free?
YES NO
No Repair Tighten the connections.

Tighten the loose connections, and clean the terminals. Refer to

the OEM troubleshooting and repair manual.

Go to 2B Go to 4A

Guided Step 2B - Check the battery voltage.

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Conditions

z Turn
keyswitch
ON.

Action

Check the battery

voltage.

z Place the
positive (+)
probe of the
multimeter
on the
positive
battery
terminal and
touch the
negative (-)
probe to the
negative
battery
terminal
while trying
to start the
engine.

Normal conditions: Normal conditions: At least (+) 12 VDC [(+) 24 VDC with 24
At least (+) 12 VDC volt system]; During Cranking: At least (+) 6.2 VDC?
[(+) 24 VDC with 24
volt system];
During Cranking: At
least (+) 6.2 VDC?
YES NO
No Repair Charge or replace the battery.

Refer to the OEM troubleshooting and repair manual.

Go to 3A Go to 4A

Guided Step 3 - Check the OEM power harness.

Guided Step 3A - Inspect the harness and the ECM connector pins.

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Conditions

z Turn keyswitch OFF.

z Disconnect the OEM power
harness connector from the ECM

Action

Inspect the harness and the ECM

connector pins for the following:

z Loose connector
z Corroded pins
z Bent or broken pins
z Pushed back or expanded pins
z Moisture in or on the connector
z Missing or damaged connector
seals
z Dirt or debris in or on the
connector pins
z Wire insulation damage
z Connector shell broken.
z Damaged locking tab connector.

For general inspection techniques, refer

to Component Connector and Pin
Inspection, Procedure 019-361.

Dirty or damaged pins? Dirty or damaged pins?

YES NO
A defective connection has been detected No Repair
in the ECM connector or OEM power
harness connector.

Clean the connector and pins.

Repair the damaged harness, connector,

or pins if possible.

Refer to Procedure 019-071.

Go to 4A Go to 3B

Guided Step 3B - Check for an open circuit in the battery power circuit.

Conditions

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z Turn
keyswitch
OFF.
z Disconnect
the engine
harness
ECM battery
supply stub
from the
ECM.

Action

Check for an open

circuit in the
battery power
circuits.

z Use a
multimeter to
measure the
voltage from
the ECM
battery
SUPPLY (+)
pin of the
engine
harness
ECM battery
supply stub
connector
and engine
block
ground.

Refer to the wiring

diagram for
connector pin
identification.

At least (+) 10 VDC At least (+) 10 VDC [(+) 20 VDC for a 24 volt system]?
[(+) 20 VDC for a 24
volt system]?
YES NO
No Repair No Repair
Go to 3C Go to 3B-1

Guided Step 3B-1 - Verify that the OEM fuse is installed correctly.

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Conditions

z Turn
keyswitch
OFF.

Action

Inspect the OEM

fuse for correct
installation.

Is fuse installed Is fuse installed correctly?

correctly?
YES NO
No Repair Install the fuse correctly.

Refer to Procedure 019-198.

Go to 3B-2 Go to 4A

Guided Step 3B-2 - Check if the OEM fuse is blown.

Conditions

z Turn keyswitch OFF.

Action

Verify that the OEM fuse is not blown.

Is fuse blown? Is fuse blown?

YES NO
Locate the short circuit. No Repair

Repair or replace the OEM harness.

Refer to Procedure 019-071.

Replace the blown fuse(s).

Refer to Procedure 019-198.

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Go to 4A Go to 3B-3

Guided Step 3B-3 - Check the add-on or the accessory wiring at the (+)
terminal of the battery.

Conditions

z Turn keyswitch OFF.

Action

Check the add-on or the accessory

wiring at the (+) terminal of the battery.

z Starting at the (+) terminal, follow

any add-on or accessory wiring
and examine wire(s) for damaged
insulation or an installation error
that can cause the supply wire to
be shorted to the engine block.

Any damaged wires? Any damaged wires?

YES NO
Repair or replace the damaged wiring. Repair or replace the OEM power harness
from the OEM power connector to the
batteries.

Go to 4A Go to 4A

Guided Step 3C - Check the resistance of the battery supply circuit.

Conditions

z Turn
keyswitch
OFF.
z Disconnect
the engine
harness
ECM battery
supply stub
from the
ECM.
z Disconnect

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the positive
terminal from
the battery.
z Digital
multimeter
set to low
resistance
mode and
calibrated to
zero.

Action

Check the
resistance of the
battery supply
circuit.

z Measure the
resistance
between the
ECM battery
SUPPLY (+)
pin of the
engine
harness
ECM battery
supply stub
connector
and the
positive
battery
connector.
z Measure the
resistance
between the
ECM battery
SUPPLY (-)
pin of the
engine
harness
ECM battery
supply stub
connector
and the
negative
battery
connector.

Refer to the wiring

diagram for
connector pin

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identification.

NOTE: Since the

battery supply
circuit resistance
is normally very
low, it is necessary
to use a digital
multimeter
calibrated to zero
on the low
resistance setting
to accurately
measure the
circuit resistance.

For general
resistance
measurement
techniques, refer
to Resistance
Measurements
Using a Multimeter
and Wiring
Diagram,
Procedure 019-
360.

Less than 1.0 Less than 1.0 ohms?

ohms?
YES NO
No Repair Repair or replace the ECM power harness.

Refer to Procedure 019-071.

Go to 3D Go to 4A

Guided Step 3D - Check the keyswitch input-to-ECM wire.

Conditions

z Turn keyswitch OFF.

Action

Inspect the keyswitch input wire from the

keyswitch ignition post in the keyswitch

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assembly to the ECM to make sure there

are no interruptions in the wire, that is,
no solenoids or relays.

Keyswitch input wire uninterrupted? Keyswitch input wire uninterrupted?

YES NO
Correct the wiring so the wire is No Repair
uninterrupted.

Go to 4A Go to 3E

Guided Step 3E - Check the keyswitch input circuit.

Conditions

z Turn
keyswitch
OFF.
z Disconnect
the OEM
harness
connector
from the
ECM

Action

Check the
keyswitch input
circuit.

z Measure the
resistance
from the
keyswitch
ignition post
in the
keyswitch
assembly to
keyswitch
input
SIGNAL pin
of the OEM
harness
connector.

Refer to the wiring

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diagram for
connector pin
identification.

For general
resistance
measurement
techniques, refer
to Resistance
Measurements
Using a Multimeter
and Wiring
Diagram,
Procedure 019-
360.

Less than 5 ohms? Less than 5 ohms?

YES NO
No Repair Repair or replace the OEM harness.

Refer to Procedure 019-071.

Go to 4A Go to 4A

Guided Step 4 - Clear the fault codes.

Guided Step 4A - Disable the fault code.

Conditions

z Connect all components.

z Connect INSITE™ electronic
service tool.

Action

Disable the fault code.

z Start the engine, and let it idle for 1

minute.
z Turn the keyswitch to the OFF
position for 30 seconds.
z Turn the keyswitch ON.

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z Use INSITE™ electronic service

tool, to verify Fault Code 434 is
inactive.

NOTE: For Fault Code 434 to become

inactive, the ECM must go through one
complete shutdown.

Fault Code 434 inactive? Fault Code 434 inactive?

YES NO
No Repair Return to the troubleshooting steps or
contact a local Cummins Authorized Repair
Location if all steps have been completed
and checked a second time.

Go to 4B Go to 1A

Guided Step 4B - Clear the inactive fault codes.

Conditions

z Connect all components.

z Turn keyswitch ON.
z Connect INSITE™ electronic
service tool.

Action

Clear the inactive fault codes.

z Use INSITE™ electronic service

tool, to erase the inactive fault
codes.

All fault codes cleared? All fault codes cleared?

YES NO
No Repair Troubleshoot any remaining active fault
codes.

Repair complete Appropriate troubleshooting steps

Last Modified: 10-Jan-2006

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Copyright© 2006
Cummins, Inc.
All rights reserved

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