This document summarizes the tibia, fibula, tarsal, metatarsal, and digital bones in different animal groups. It notes that in dogs and pigs the fibula is as long as the tibia, while in horses only the proximal half remains. In oxen, the fibula is vestigial with no space between it and the tibia. It also describes the bones present in the limbs of birds, ruminants, carnivores and their variations between groups.
This document summarizes the tibia, fibula, tarsal, metatarsal, and digital bones in different animal groups. It notes that in dogs and pigs the fibula is as long as the tibia, while in horses only the proximal half remains. In oxen, the fibula is vestigial with no space between it and the tibia. It also describes the bones present in the limbs of birds, ruminants, carnivores and their variations between groups.
This document summarizes the tibia, fibula, tarsal, metatarsal, and digital bones in different animal groups. It notes that in dogs and pigs the fibula is as long as the tibia, while in horses only the proximal half remains. In oxen, the fibula is vestigial with no space between it and the tibia. It also describes the bones present in the limbs of birds, ruminants, carnivores and their variations between groups.
DVM-1B Tibia and fibula Tibia and fibula ❖ Dog and pig - The fibula is as long as the tibia ❖ Horse - only the proximal half remains ❖ Ox - The fibula is vestigial: there is no interosseous space between the tibia and fibula. On lateral surface of the distal end of the tibia is an articular surface for articulation with the malleolar bone ❖ Malleolar bone - present only in the ruminants ❖ Birds - part of the chicken limb where the tibia and fibula is located , is frequently referred to as the drumstick. fibula is thin and splint like while the tibia is fused with the proximal row of the tarsal bone forming the tibiotarsus. - bone is characterized by a proxiaml bony projection called nemial crest for the attachment of main extensor muscle of the knee joint. Pes (tarsals) Dog and pig- have a total of 7 tarsal bones. Horse- first and second tarsal bones are fused, they only have six tarsal bones. Ruminants- the central tarsal bone fused with the fourth tarsal bone, forming the centroquartal bone. In addition the second and third tarsal bones are fused. In total of 5 tarsal bones. Birds- the central tarsal bone and the distal tarsal bone fused with the metatarsal 2 3 and 4 forming the tarso matatarsal bone. Pes (metatarsal and digital bones) Carnivores- the first metatarsal bone is even more reduced than in the front limb, and the first digit or the jugular is often absent. Ruminants- the fifth metatarsal bone is absent. A metatarsal sesamoid bone is present and is often called as the small metatarsal or the metatarsal two bone