Life Processes: Respiration 161

ACTIVITY ZONE
ACTIVITY 1 (NCERT Pg 101) form of ATP only. This is evident from the fact that
whenever the body requires energy, ATP breaks down to
ADP and Pi to fulfil the need of energy.
Aim 4. Where does the first step of respiration takes place in
To show that carbon dioxide is produced during the cell?
respiration. Ans The first step of respiration takes place in the cytoplasm of the
cell in which the 6 carbon compound called glucose, breaks
Materials Required down into two molecules of 3 carbon compound called
Two test tubes, freshly prepared lime water, pichkari or pyruvate. This process of breaking down of glucose is known
syringe, rubber tube and a glass tube. as glycolysis.
5. Which process is continuous, photosynthesis or
Procedure respiration?
1. Pour freshly prepared lime water in each test tube Ans Respiration is a continuous process which leads to the
(A and B ). breakdown of food and liberation of energy. It takes place
throughout day and night, while photosynthesis takes place
Pichkari/syringe
only in the presence of sunlight (day time).
Glass tube
Rubber tube
Test tube ACTIVITY 2 (NCERT Pg 101)
containing
Lime water lime water
Aim
A B To show that carbon dioxide is produced during alcoholic
A. Air passed into lime water with a fermentation.
pichkari/syringe
Materials Required
2. Blow air in test tube B through the lime water with the Fresh juice or 10% glucose solution, yeast, large test tube,
help of glass tube. single holed cork, twice bent glass tube (delivery tube),
3. Pass air through lime water in test tube A with the small test tube, freshly prepared lime water, glass rod and
help of a pichkari or syringe fitted with the fine non-drying oil.
rubber tube.
4. Note how long it takes for the lime water to turn milky. Procedure
1. Mix fresh juice or 10% glucose solution with yeast.
Observation 2. Pour this mixture upto 3/4th level in a large test tube
1. Lime water turns milky in test tube B. fitted with a one holed cork.
2. Lime water takes long time to turn milky in test tube A. 3. Pour a drop of non-drying oil over it to exclude
Conclusion air (oxygen).
4. Fit the cork with a bent glaes tube.
1. Lime water turns milky when carbon dioxide mixes
with it. 5. Dip the free end of the delivery tube into a smaller test
tube containing freshly prepared lime water.
2. Air blown out from mouth contains carbon dioxide.
6. Observe the change carefully.

Check Yourself Observation

Mixture appears frothy because bubbles of gas that have
1. Define anaerobic respiration. passed into lime water turns it milky after sometime. Also
Ans It is defined as the process of breakdown of glucose in the on removing the cork of large test tube, smell of alcohol
absence of oxygen to release small amount of energy. Occurs evolve out.
in microorganisms like bacteria and yeast.
2. Name the gas that is exhaled out during respiration.
Oil layer
Ans Carbon dioxide is the gas that is exhaled out during the Yeast in glucose
process of respiration. solution
Lime water
3. ATP is known as the energy currency of the cell. Why?
Alcoholic fermentation produces carbon dioxide
Ans ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) is known as the energy
currency of the cell because energy is stored in the cell in the
162
Conclusion
Yeast brings about alcoholic fermentation, that
is accompanied by the evolution of carbon
dioxide.
Check Yourself
1. Write the equation of the reaction, taking
place in the given activity.
Absence of oxygen
Ans C6H12O6 → 2C2H5 OH + 2CO2
in yeast (Ethanol)
(Glucose)
2. A drop of oil was poured during the activity
over the mixture of glucose in test tube. Why?
Ans To exclude the air (oxygen), oil drop was poured
over the mixture in a large test tube.
3. What was observed after two hours of the
experiment?
Ans After two hours, water level was raised in the
bent tube placed in the beaker.
4. Another experimental set-up is given below to
demonstrate that carbon dioxide is given out
during respiration in germinating seeds. Can
you deduce out the logic of using KOH in this
experiment? CCE 2015
Glass tube
Cork
Thread
Test tube
Beaker
KOH solution
Water
Germinating
seeds
Ans KOH was used in this experiment because it
absorbs carbon dioxide produced by the seeds
and creates partial vacuum in the flask.
5. Which type of respiration is occurring in the
experimental set-up studied?
Ans Anaerobic respiration as the supply of oxygen
was cut-off.
ACTIVITY 3 (NCERT Pg 103)
Aim
To show that the rate of breathing is higher in aquatic organisms
than in terrestrial organisms.
Rakers
Gill arch
Gill filaments
(Carbon
dioxide)
Gill respiration in fish
Materials Required
A fish in an aquarium.
Procedure
Count the number of times the fish opens and closes its mouth in a
minute and compare this number with your breathing rate.
Observation
The rate of breathing in fish is much higher and faster than human
beings.
Conclusion
Rate of breathing is higher in aquatic animals.
Check Yourself
1. Name two organisms, which breathe through their skin.
Ans Frog and earthworm are the two animals which breathe through their skin.
This type of respiration is called as cutaneous respiration.
2. What is the role of gills in fishes? How do they function?
Ans Gills are the respiratory organ in fishes. They function to take in oxygen
from water and in removal of carbon dioxide.
3. Name an aquatic animal, which respire through lungs.
Ans Whale is an aquatic animal, which respire through lungs. It comes on the
surface of water to take in oxygen from air and to give out carbon dioxide.
4. Name an organism which respires through both skin and lungs.
Ans Frog respires through both skin and lungs.