CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION
 Agricultural and bioproduction systems require power and energy inputs.
 Machines helps in increasing the productivity of man.
 Mechanization of operations and processes aims to increase productivity and lessen drudgery of
work.

LESSON 1.1 CONCEPT OF WORK, ENERGY AND POWER

After completing this lesson, you should be able to:
1. Define work, energy and power accurately and give the unit for each term.
2. Discuss the different forms of energy

Work is the product of the displacement of the body and the component of the force in the direction
of the displacement. Work is energy and transit; that is, it exists only when a force is moving
through a distance. Unit of work in the SI system is Joule. 1 Joule is the amount of energy exerted
on a body by a force of 1 newton through 1 meter of displacement.

Energy in its simplest definition is the capacity to do work. Also, consist of mass of molecules that
produces power either heat, mechanical, electrical, chemical or combinations of any of them.

Power is the rate at which the energy is used or work is performed. Basically, it is calculated by
dividing energy with time. The SI unit of power is the Watt (W). 1 watt is equivalent to 1J/s.

FORMS OF ENERGY

POTENTIAL
KINETIC
THERMAL
CHEMICAL
ENERGY
ELCTRICAL
MAGNETIC
NUCLEAR
SOUND
 1. Potential Energy is the energy of a given body due to its position or elevation.

2. Kinetic Energy is the energy or stored capacity for performing work possessed by a moving body, by
virtue of its momentum.

3. Thermal (Heat) Energy is the energy associated with the random movement of molecules within any
medium and is usually related to the increase or decrease in the temperature of a substance.

4. Chemical Energy is the energy stored in a certain chemical or materials that can be released by
chemical action. Examples are combustion of fuel and the energy produced in batteries.

5. Electrical Energy is delivered by tiny charged particles called electrons, typically moving through a
wire. Lightning is an example of electrical energy in nature.

6. Magnetic Energy is closely related to electrical energy. When magnetic field is created, a force to
propel devices like motors, solenoid valve and door bell.

7. Nuclear Energy is energy stored in the nucleus of an atom – the energy that holds the nucleus
together. Large amounts of energy ca be released when the nuclei are combined or split apart.

8. Sound Energy is the movement of energy through substances in longitudinal

(compression/rarefaction) waves. Sound is produced when a force causes an object or substance to
vibrate. The energy is transferred through the substance in a wave. Typically, the energy in sound is
smaller than in other forms of energy.

LEARNING ACTIVITY 1.1

Answer the following activity before proceeding to the next lesson. Be sure to submit your output through google
classroom app. Failure to submit will give you a zero mark in the activity.
1.1-1 State the meaning of work, energy and power based on your own understanding and name the unit for
each quantity.
1.1-2 List conversion factors of work, power and energy using both the SI and English systems of units. Convert
at least 2 units of work, energy and power using the listed conversion factors.
1.1-3 Cite applications of work in the field of AB engineering. Cite examples of energy transfer/conversion.
1.1-4 Enumerate and discuss the different forms of energy based on your own comprehension.