TOPIK 2.

READING COMPREHENSION

TYPES OF NURSES AND THEIR DUTIES

With the nursing field constantly evolving, there are a variety of different types of nurses you can be.
The demand for nurses is continually growing, and the nursing career path offers many worthwhile
benefits such as strong salaries, numerous opportunities, and a feeling of fulfillment. With this article,
you’ll learn what kind of nurses there are and the unique opportunities for each of these types of
nursing jobs.

Registered Nurse (RN)

Registered Nurses (RN) provide and coordinate patient care, educate patients and the public about
various health conditions, and provide advice and emotional support to patients and their family
members. Most registered nurses work in a team with physicians and other health care specialists in
various settings.

Cardiac Nurse

One of the leading causes of death in the world is heart disease. The demand for cardiac nurses
continues to grow with the rising number of patients affected with heart-related problems. As a cardiac
nurse, one should handle issues related to the heart and would like to assist in various surgeries or
developing treatment plans for patients.

Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist

A Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA) is a highly trained nurse that specializes in assisting with
anesthesia during surgeries. CRNA’s make up some of the highest-paid nurse specialties in the medical
field due to the high demand of these nurses in surgical settings and detailed training they receive. They
are placed Hospitals, Surgical Centers, Specialty Doctor’s Offices.

Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS)

Clinical nurse specialists are a type of advanced practice registered nurse (APRN), who provide direct
patient care by working with other nurses and staff to improve the quality of care a patient receives.  
They are placed Hospitals, Physician’s Offices, In-Home Health Care services, etc.

Critical Care Nurse

Critical Care Nurses are very similar to Registered Nurses, especially in education level, but the main
difference is a critical care nurse is specifically trained for emergency situations. A critical care nurse can
be expected to tend to serious wounds and monitoring life support systems in stressful scenarios. They
are placed in Hospitals and Doctor’s Offices.

Emergency Room Nurse

With their team in the emergency room, an ER nurse performs an array of tasks after careful evaluation
and stabilization of a patient. An ER nurse can be expected to determine proper medication
administration by reviewing a patient’s medical charts, as well tend to basic wounds or ailments. They
are placed in hospital.

Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP)

A family nurse practitioner (FNP) are specifically trained in primary health care services for all ages.
Normal duties of a family nurse practitioner include diagnosing and treating illnesses, physical exams,
diagnostic testing and prescribing medications.

Geriatric Nursing

A geriatric nurse specializes in the treatment of older patients in order to provide care for injuries or
ailments, illness and maintain their quality of life. In addition to caring for older patients, they can also
anticipate future care for their patients and long-term illnesses such as cancer or Alzheimer’s disease.
They are placed at Hospitals, Doctor’s Offices and Nursing Homes.

Perioperative Nurse (Surgical/OR Nurse)

A perioperative nurse, also known as a surgical nurse or an operating room nurse, focuses on pre- and
post-operation care for a patient. They can set up a surgical room for operations, manage the tools for
operations, and apply bandages during surgeries to control and maintain the bleeding of a patient. They
are responsible for providing physical, emotional or mental care for women before, during, or after the
birthing process.

Mental Health Nurse

A mental health nurse specializes in the diagnosis and treating of psychological disorders in patients.
Counseling services are also often an essential duty within this nursing discipline. They try to develop
meaningful relationship with patients in order to provide them with an all-encompassing level of care
that helps their emotional and mental needs.
Nurse Educator

Nurse educators are responsible for teaching nursing students about caring for patients. They may teach
comprehensive lessons about nursing in general, or focus on specific areas of nursing. They function to
inspire individuals to work within the medical field in order to shape the next generation of nursing care.
They are placed at Hospitals, Universities, Community Colleges.

Nurse Manager

This type of nurse is placed at Hospitals, Surgical Centers and Outpatient Facilities. The role of a nurse
manager is that of a supervisory clinical path. Many nurse managers move into an administrative role
and handle tasks that include recruitment of nurses, creating schedules and make decisions regarding
budget and management.

Maternity nurse

Maternity nurse specializes in the care of pregnant women. They also assist in labor and delivery, as well
as in prenatal appointments. This nurse type continues their care after the delivery room by educating
and counselling new mothers on adjusting to life with a newborn. They are responsible for giving a
holistic approach to women's health and childbirth.

Nurse Practitioner

Nurse practitioners serve as primary and specialty care providers, delivering advanced nursing services
to patients and their families. They may also perform physical examinations, order testing and prescribe
medications. They are placed in Hospitals, Doctor’s Offices.

Nursing Administrator

They are placed at Hospitals, Outpatient Care Centers. A nursing administrator is similar to a nurse
manager, but on a much larger scale. One of the primary duties of a nursing administrator is to oversee
entire units of nursing teams. The operation of the unit relies on the management of the nursing
administrator to run smoothly and effectively.

Oncology Nurse

They are placed at Hospitals, Cancer Treatment Centers. The treatment of cancer is what oncology
nurses are highly trained in, and they help educate patients about their treatment options or remission
status. Oncology nurses will continue to monitor their patients progress and symptoms, and can
prescribe medications.

Orthopedic Nurse

They are placed at Hospitals, Doctor’s Office, Rehabilitation Centers. Orthopedic nurses focus on
musculoskeletal issues and diseases that include fractured bones, arthritis, joint replacements and
osteoporosis. They can help care for physical issues, as well as intricate disease management.

Pediatric Nurse
From infancy into teenage years, a pediatric nurse specializes in care for children. Much like other
nurses, pediatric nurses can perform physical examinations, diagnose illness and develop treatment
plans.

Public Health Nurse

A public health nurse advocates and teaches communities about important health information
concerning their society. They strive to educate their patients about different treatment options,
prevention of disease and assist individuals with medical care.

Travel Nurse

Travel nurses are unique in that they are able to move from location to location based on their contract,
and interact with patients from numerous locations. Travel nurses also receive their hourly pay,
accompanied by a housing stipend. Along with the satisfaction of working and learning in new locations,
travel nurses are able to broaden their experiences both professionally and personally through their
journey.

Source: Types of Nurses: 20 Growing Nursing Specialties to Start Your Career (gmercyu.edu)

Reading Comprehension Questions

1. Educating patients and the public about various health conditions, and provide advice and
emotional support to patients and their family members.

Registered nurse cardiac nurse pediatric nurse orthopedic nurse

2. In the hospital, Tina always treats child patients to recover from their illnesses. What is she?

Travel nurse nurse practitioner geriatric nurse nurse manager

3. This type of nurse is highly trained nurse that specializes in assisting with anesthesia during
surgeries.

Orthopedic nurse geriatric nurse nurse manager Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist

4. This nurse type specializes in the treatment of older patients in order to provide care for injuries
or ailments, illness and maintain their quality of life.

Oncology nurse emergency room nurse surgery nurse geriatric nurse

5. This nurse type specializes in the care of pregnant women. They also assist in labor and delivery,
as well as in prenatal appointments.

Mental nurse geriatric nurse emergency room nurse maternity nurse

6. This type of nurse manages the tools for operations, and apply bandages during surgeries to
control and maintain the bleeding of a patient. They are responsible for providing physical,
emotional or mental care for women before, during, or after the birthing process.

Travel nurse surgical nurse geriatric nurse nurse manager

7. This type of nurse is placed at Hospitals, Surgical Centers and Outpatient Facilities in which their
duties are of a supervisory clinical path.

Nurse manager geriatric nurse emergency room nurse maternity nurse

8. This nurse type focuses on musculoskeletal issues and diseases that include fractured bones,
arthritis, joint replacements and osteoporosis. They can help care for physical issues, as well as
intricate disease management.

Orthopedic nurse geriatric nurse nurse manager Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist

9. This type of nurse is responsible for teaching nursing students about caring for patients. They
may teach comprehensive lessons about nursing in general, or focus on specific areas of nursing.

Mental nurse geriatric nurse nurse educator maternity nurse

10. This type of nurse performs an array of tasks after careful evaluation and stabilization of a
patient. They are expected to determine proper medication administration by reviewing a
patient’s medical charts, as well tend to basic wounds or ailments.

Mental nurse geriatric nurse emergency room nurse maternity nurse

11. Most registered nurses work in a team with physicians and other health care specialists

The underlined words can be asked with ____

Who whose whom which

12. This type of nurse is placed at Hospitals, Surgical Centers and Outpatient Facilities

The underlined words can be asked with ____

Who where how which

13. A: _______________ nurses help doctors in the hospital?

B. Yes, nurses help doctors to treat patients.

When which why Do

14. ‘Merawat pasien’ is translated as _________

Treat patients prescribe patients refer patients examine patients

15. Do travel nurses always move from one place to another?

Yes, they did no, they did not yes, they are yes, they do