Relative Pronoun

As soon as two pressure cookers crammed with shrapnel killed three innocent bystanders and
wounded scores more near the Boston Marathon’s final stretch on Monday, the hunt for a terror
suspect was on. Right now, police are combing through Watertown, Mass., in hopes of finding the
second of two brothers from Chechnya suspected of carrying out the attack, but not before several
knee-jerk, false alarms triggered by Reddit and an information-hungry media led to several other
“suspects” being wrongly ID’d. How could this happen? Here, a rundown of the wrongfully accused:

1. “The Saudi national”

Age: 21
On Monday, in the immediate frenzy of the explosions, the New York Post boldly trumpeted that a
“Saudi national who suffered shrapnel wounds” had been identified as “a suspect in the Boston
Marathon bombing.” Yes, a 21-year-old English student who was, in fact, injured by the very bombing
he was suspected of plotting.
Talking Points Memo quickly debunked the The Post‘s claim that the person being questioned was a
suspect. “Honestly, I don’t know where they’re getting their information from, but it didn’t come from us,”
a Boston Police Department spokesperson told TPM. The young Saudi national was later revealed to
be a witness, not a suspect. The Post  never apologized.
“What made them suspect him?” asks Amy Davidson at The New Yorker. “He was running — so was
everyone.”
The police reportedly thought he smelled like explosives; his wounds might have suggested why. He
said something about thinking there would be a second bomb — as there was, and often is, to target
responders. If that was the reason he gave for running, it was a sensible one. He asked if anyone was
dead — a question people were screaming. And he was from Saudi Arabia, which is around where the
logic stops. Was it just the way he looked, or did he, in the chaos, maybe call for God with a name that
someone found strange? [The New Yorker]

2. A high school track star

Age: 17
The intrepid online sleuths at Reddit had nothing but good intentions when they created a subforum to
crowdsource information on the criminals behind the Boston attacks. As my colleague Keith Wagstaff
wrote, “the /r/findbostonbombers subreddit is a mostly harmless rabbit hole of marked photos and
amateur conjecture,” but “the problem starts when theories go viral or are adopted by the media.”
Case in point: This photo of a “suspect” standing next to another man implicated for not doing much
more than wearing a backpack. Worse still, the New York Post shamelessly plastered that same image
on its front page the next day, along with the guilt-drenched cover line “BAG MEN.”
The young man in question turned out to be 17-year-old Salah Eddin Barhoum, a high school track star
who moved to the U.S. four years ago from Morocco. His dream is to one day run in the Olympics.
“I’m not a terrorist… I was just watching the marathon,” Salah told the Daily Mail. “I was terrified. I have
never been in trouble, and I feared for my security.”
At 1.30am I called a friend to take me to the state police — I walked into the lobby and told them I
thought I was wanted by the FBI. They didn’t know what to make of it.
I had my papers with me and I gave them my Social Security number so they could check me out.
They didn’t even take me into a private room. They made some calls, then said I was free to go. [ Daily
Mail]
The internet, ladies and gentleman.

3. A missing student
Age: 22
“Thousands of Reddit users and 4chan people spent the days after the bombing combing through every
available photo and frame of video of the site of the bombings, searching for the perpetrators,” says
Alex Pareene at Salon. “And they found a bunch of guys with backpacks.”
One of them was believed to be Sunil Tripathi, a Brown University student from Pennsylvania who has
been missing since March 16. Tripathi allegedly left behind all his belongings, as well as a vague note
that suggested a possible suicide. Says one of his friends:
Having known Sunil for years as a classmate, roommate, and friend, I can honestly say that he was
one of the nicest individuals I’ve met at Brown. He has a great sense of humor and got along well with
everyone. He loves to bike, play the sax, and talk about philosophy. We all hope that he is safe,
wherever he is. [International Business Times]
“Who disappears — causing a well-publicized region-wide search that had already expanded beyond
Providence to Boston — a month before carrying out a terrorist attack?” asks Pareene. “Wouldn’t it be
smarter to act normal as long as possible, and maybe not do something that gets your picture posted
all over television and the Internet before you attempt to plant a bomb in an incredibly public venue?”
Some blogs still picked up the story and ran with it. Tripathi’s name and picture were everywhere. A
Facebook page, “Help Us Find Sunil Tripathi,” was soon deleted by his family after it filled up with ugly
(and false) accusations.
Tripathi’s whereabouts are still unknown.

4. A mystery man
Age: Unknown
On Thursday night, gunshots rang through the MIT campus in what became a bloody shoot-out after
the two actual suspects robbed a 7-Eleven. Twenty-six-year-old police officer Sean Collier was left
dead. And somehow, a man named Michael Mulugeta was (falsely) reported to be involved.
The confusion came when hacker group Anonymous posted a tweet: “Police on scanner identify the
names of #BostonMarathon suspects in gunfight, Suspect 1: Mike Mulugeta. Suspect 2: Sunil Tripathi.”
It was retweeted nearly 3,200 times. It was also, well, wrong.
It remains unclear who Mulugeta is — or if he even exists.
“The last thing we want to become are reporters for the fugitive,” Clint Van Zandt, former FBI profiler
and NBC criminal analyst, told NBC News. “That’s what I think people who tweet and post have to be
careful of in the extreme and worst-case scenario. Are they giving information that would give aid and
comfort to a killer? If you ask yourself that question and the answer is no, then go ahead and post it.”
Example of the use of Relative Pronoun in sentence :

1. Who      :- The man who is sitting in the corner is my friend.

2. Whom   :- The boy whom we visited is her boyfriend.
3. Whose   :- The girl whose car was sold will go to study abroad.
4. Which   :- The filing cabinet, which we purchase last week, is very well built.
5. That       :- The book that describes about behaviour of animal is expensive.

Sumber: http://agustomi413.blogspot.com/2013/06/relative-pronoun-artikel.html

B.    Contoh Artikel yang terdapat kalimat RELATIVE PRONOUNS

(examples of articles that contains relative pronouns)

IS IT DEMOCRACY Napoleon Bonaparte said; “The crown of France was rolling inside the gutter, I
simply picked up it, and put on my head”

                IS IT DEMOCRACY
 Napoleon  Bonaparte said; “The crown of France was rolling inside the gutter, I simply picked
up it, and put on my head”. The religion and caste division amongst Hindu were being exploited by the
invaders. British’s sponsored the  policy of  divide and rule while  politicians adopted a policy of the
divide and spoil for their narrow gains  in spite of the fact that it may be a threat to the nations unity and
integrity of our country.  Now nobody is looking forward to the vast problems of poverty, ignorance and
disease.  The divisive it forces of caste & religion imbalances through  strong and resurgent  India.
Battle of Panipat and battle of Plassy were not fought due to such divisive forces on the caste
line but they were  conquered by making ourselves slave to our destiny by different dynasty. Excellence
and social equality with greater attention to socially disadvantaged minority group  was essentially
required to be given pre- dominance to check up global economic scenario annual.  There is no
leadership of extraordinary commitment and alertness as in accordance with the changing emergence
of technological and intellectual impact on our society, but there is role entrepreneurs invigourous
wealth creation through a radical change inn our character .  [1] Let us be confined to a classless
society in which there may not  be any appeasement or reservation except the excellence in respect of
our performance.  Unfortunately the traitors inside the country has provided still worsted shadow of
darkness by an eclipsed sun.  The people of whole country was  suffering from a poignant pain of
agony. The universality of which carries  in it a great dignity of consolation we have promulgated  the
undesirable elements in our population coupled with corruption, cruelty, callousness and a complete
disregard of public welfare, which  is flourishable poison in the air. With confounded speculation  of
India’s starvation; a terrorist decade of oligarchy and anarchy having appeasement party politics as
antithesis to creativity and potential, which has provided an obstacle to our inherited great stilled
splendour intelligence with our super entrepreneurial spirit of cultural heritage to naught with intellectual
apathy, I have risen to the occasion with profound bleeding at my heart to fight against compulsive
gamble bent upon ascending our invaluable legacy providing to be caricature to our noble democracy.
We the India’s having 15%of world population and 54% of illiterate citizens of the world are having only
1.5% of world income going down word trend in the list of exporting country from 16 th place to 45 place
with less them ½ of world to list traffic after 60 years of independence. Despite best ecological
conditions and environment and natural resources we are amongst the 10 th corrupt nations of the world.
Scam of corruption, like Fodder Scam in Bihar, Harshad Mehta Scam, Cobbler Scam of Maharastra,
Ayurvedic Scam in U.P., letter of credit Scam in Assam with 700 cases of corruption pending with C.B.I.
is our identity. At least 40,000 criminal cases of kidnapping, murder, rape, gangsterism and Mafia Rule
spreading the fear psychosis without having the printed proforma of F.I.R. and charge-sheet are the
glorious instances in one State of Bihar, which is spreading the fire of greed and fears psychosis upon
its people. About 240 public sectors enterprises by Union Govt. And 700 public sectors by the State
Govt, are providing black hole in National Economy. The money guzzlers are extracting an exorbitant
prices for Indian doctrinal socialism. The State of mobocracy in the strife of moral decay with facet of
indiscipline, corruption and castism divisiveness with communal hatred, linguistic fanaticism, regional
fancy and caste loyalty have provoked the conscience of patriotism. About 120 millions cases pending
in the different courts without any probable disposal, within a considerable time period may further
provide the loss of country’s valuable potential. 25 north country global phenomenon are having only ¼
of world’s population having 70/ of wealth, 80/ of trade, 90/ of industries and 99/ of finest and most
advanced research centre are having their vast potential. They started giving  benefit of donation
received through begging, but our country’s politicians have set up to regeneration of corruption
through these donations. Thus keeping away from realities in allowing to perpetuate the corruption by
dishonest opportunity and with calibre are ruling over the nation. State Govt. was spending Rs.
1,11,96,000/- during Miss. Mayawati chief minister regime on the security of V.I.P. [2] every month
against whom the allegation of misappropriation of Rs. 5000 crores were levelled in one public interest
Litigation which were published in News Paper. This is all just to provide and boost the political career
by our politician.
 The collusion Govt. of India and Govt. of U.P. having ideologically antagonistic with its alliance
is a heterogeneous conglomeration of disparage and disparage interest designed mainly to hedge the
power against interest of common citizen. Our thrust with destiny  as boosted by our leaders at the time
of independence has now been scattered into pieces, sheltered into the extinction of hopes and
abrogated and subjugated with the misfortunate scenario of our prophesier democratic set up of the
Country. The doctrinaire ethics of democratic values and conceptual phenomenon of so called
socialism and secularism being antithesis to social justice and religious sentiment has further
deteriorated the very foundation of our country solidarity amongst the citizens. We have formulated
utopian empire which is having no existence. This is on account of our character assassination which is
resultant into a wild fire meant for destroying the very fabric of our integrity and existence. Can we claim
to enjoy our independence.
Can we protect our nation from such anarchic situation. The answer convey the only recourse
to be adopted i.e. the enforceable fundamental duties and strict discipline required to be implemented.
Whether the army personnel deployed for protecting the Nation may not be assigned to fulfil the uphill
task of providing a check to internal insurgency. [3] Can still we enforce the necessity of maintenance of
the strict discipline required to maintain by the Army personnel and not be our leaders, who have taken
over the command like a diplomatic monarch in our country. Let us examine some of the drastic
problem which has become the root cause of erosion of the traditional values of our culture.
Political parties are gripped to below with the wind and bend with the glass. The collusion Govt.
emerged at the state level

[4] The reforms, which Napoleon introduced, were long lasting.

keterangan : 
1. kata relative pronouns yang digunakan WHICH digunakan untuk menjelaskan objek kembali yaitu : a
classless society 

2. kata relative pronouns yang digunakan WHOM digunakan untuk menjelaskan objek kembali yaitu :
our politician

3. kata relative pronouns yang digunakan WHO digunakan untuk menjelaskan subjek kembali yaitu :
the Army personnel

4.  kata relative pronouns yang digunakan WHICH digunakan untuk menjelaskan objek kembali yaitu :
the reforms

sumber artikel : http://advocateyogeshsaxena.blogspot.com/2012/05/is-it-democracy-napoleon-

bonaparte-said.html

C.      Artikel Menggunakan Relative Pronoun

Health Insurance
By combining or pooling the risks of many people into a single group, insurance can make
the financial risks associated with health care more manageable. Experts can reasonably
predict the health care costs of a large group, even thought they cannot know in advance how
much health care will be required by any given individual. Through insurance, each person
who buys converage agrees to pay a share of the group’s tottal losses in exchange for a
promise that the group will pay when he or she needs services. Essentially , individuals make
 reguler payments to the plan rather than having to pay especially large sums at any one time
in the even of sudden illnes or injury. In this way,the group as a whole funds expensive
treatments for some people who need them.
Posted by  Fuji  Nurdiani.

D.    Relative pronouns adalah kata ganti yang menunjuk pada kata benda yang mendahuluinya
(antecedent) yang berfungsi sebagai penghubung dalam kalimat. Relative pronouns biasa
diletakkan di awal dependent clause atau anak kalimat yang menerangkan atau memberikan
informasi tambahan kepada independent clause atau main clause.

Kata ganti yang digunakan adalah: who, whom, whose, which, dan that.
- The man who is sitting in the corner is my friend.
- The boy whom we visited is her boyfriend.
- The girl whose car was sold will go to study abroad.
- The filing cabinet, which we purchase last week, is very well built.
- The book that describes about behaviour of animal is expensive.

Kata who, whom, whose, which, dan that pada contoh di atas menunjuk pada kata benda
sebelumnya (the man, the boy, the girl, the filling cabinet, the book).

Nouns (kata benda) atau pronouns (kata ganti) seperti the man, the boy, the girl, the filling
cabinet, dan the book disebut dengan istilah antecedent.
- Voters whose names begin with the letters M to Z should go to Room 2.
- That photo is a reminder of someone who was very important to me.
- Hands up everyone who would like a drink.
- A mole is an animal that lives underground.
- He was accused of being drunk in charge of a vehicle, which is a serious offence.

Untuk menunjuk pada orang, gunakan relative pronouns: who, whom, whose dan that.
- the man who spoke
- the man that spoke (meskipun pemakaian that juga benar, who lebih disarankan sebagai
subject pronoun)
- the man that I saw
- the man whom I saw   (meskipun pemakaian whom juga benar, that lebih disarankan
sebagai object pronoun)

Untuk menunjuk pada benda lainnya atau hewan, gunakan relative pronouns: which, that dan
whose.
- the cat which was sitting on the mat
- the cat that was sitting on the mat
- the book whose cover was torn
- a book to which I often refer

Ketika menunjuk pada sesuatu benda, of which bisa dipakai untuk menggantikan whose.
- a book the cover of which was torn

Perluasan relative pronouns dengan kata ganti seperti whoever, whomever, whatever dikenal
sebagai indefinite relative pronouns (relative pronouns tanpa antecedent).
- The boy will tease whomever he likes.
- She said whatever came to mind.
- Let in whoever comes to me.

Kata what juga dapat digunakan sebagai indefinite relative pronouns, contoh:
- I will tell you what you need to know.
- I know what I like.

Catatan

Who disebut sebagai subject pronoun dan whom sebagai object pronoun. Hal ini bisa
dibandingkan dengan he dan him, they dan them, dsb.
- the man who was there (bandingkan ‘he was there’)
- the man whom I saw (bandingkan ‘I saw him’)

Kata whom lebih sering digunakan dalam bahasa Inggris formal. Dalam penggunaannya
sehari-hari, baik dalam bentuk percakapan maupun tulisan, whom biasanya diganti dengan
who.
- the man who I saw
- the man who you were speaking to

Whom tidak bisa digantikan oleh who bila sebelumnya didahului oleh preposition.
- the man to whom you were speaking
- They elected Smith chairman, than whom there could have been no better choice.
Biasanya bentuk preposition + whom ini dipakai dalam bahasa Inggris formal.

Indefinite relative pronouns memiliki sifat yang terdapat pada relative pronouns maupun
indefinite pronouns. Jenis pronouns ini seperti menunjuk pada suatu kata benda, tetapi orang
atau benda yang dimaksud tidak disebutkan dengan jelas.

E.                 Relative pronouns

 Relative pronouns adalah kata ganti yang menunjuk pada kata benda yang mendahuluinya
(antecedent) yang berfungsi sebagai penghubung dalam kalimat. Relative pronouns biasa
diletakkan di awal subordinate clause atau anak kalimat yang menunjukkan relasi terhadap
keseluruhan kalimat.

Kata ganti yang digunakan adalah: who, whom, whose, which,  dan that.

Lihatlah contoh-contoh ini menunjukkan Relative Clauses terdefinisi dan tidak

terdefinisi:
 example sentences notes
S=subject, O=object, P=possessive

defining S - The person who phoned me last That is preferable

night is my teacher.
- The person that phoned me last
night is my teacher.

- The car which hit me was yellow. That is preferable

- The cars that hit me were yellow.

O - The person whom I phoned last Whom is correct but

night is my teacher. very formal. The
- The people who I phoned last relative pronoun is
night are my teachers. optional.
- The person that I phoned last
night is my teacher.
- The person I phoned last night is
my teacher.

- The car which I drive is old. That is preferable

- The car that I drive is old. to which. The relative
- The car I drive is old. pronoun is optional.

P - The student whose phone just

rang should stand up.
- Students whose parents are
wealthy pay extra.

- The police are looking for the Of which is usual for

car whose driver was masked. things, butwhose is
- The police are looking for the sometimes possible
car of which the driver was
masked.

non- S - Mrs Pratt, who is very kind, is my

defining teacher.

- The car, which was a taxi,

exploded.
- The cars, which were taxis,
exploded.

O - Mrs Pratt, whom I like very Whom is correct but

much, is my teacher. very formal.Who is
 - Mr and Mrs Pratt, who I like very normal.
much, are my teachers.

- The car, which I was driving at

the time, suddenly caught fire.

P - My brother, whose phone you
just heard, is a doctor.

- The car, whose driver jumped out Of which is usual for

just before the accident, was things, butwhose is
completely destroyed. sometimes possible
- The car, the driver of
which jumped out just before the
accident, was completely destroyed.

* Tidak semua sumber tata bahasa menghitung "bahwa" sebagai kata ganti
relatif. 
** Beberapa orang mengklaim bahwa kita tidak dapat menggunakan
"bahwa" bagi orang-orang tetapi harus menggunakan "siapa / siapa", tidak
ada alasan yang baik untuk klaim seperti itu.

Diposkan oleh Muhammad Fauzan