Professional Documents
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Chapter 1
Chapter 1
Y
QUESTIONS)
EM
Question 1
D
A man with a wrist watch on his hands fall from the
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top of a tower. Does the watch give correct time?
A
Answer:
E
The wrist watch works on the principle of simple harmonic
N
oscillation. Notice that the time period of simple harmonic
LI
oscillation does not depend on the acceleration due to gravity it
N
means if a man falls from the tower his watch will not be
O
affected by it and will sure the correct time during the free fall.
R
A
ST
G
N
SI
RI
Y
Question 2
EM
A vibrating simple pendulum of period is
D
placed in a lift is accelerating downwards. What will
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be the effect on the time period?
A
Answer:
E
When the lift accelerates downwards, so net acceleration
N
decreases so time period increases.
LI
N
O
R
A
ST
G
N
SI
RI
Y
Question 3
EM
A girl is sitting on a swing. Another girl
D
sits by her side. What will be the effect on the periodic
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time of the swing?
A
Answer:
E
There will be no change in the periodic time because the
N
periodic time is independent of mass but depends upon length of
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pendulum and acceleration due to gravity at a place, which are
N
Y
Question 4
EM
Can a motion be oscillatory but not SHM?
D
If your answer Yes, give an example and if not explain
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why?
A
Answer:
E
Yes, when a ball is dropped from a height on a perfectly elastic
N
plane surface, the motion of ball is oscillatory but not simple
LI
harmonic as restoring force F = mg = constant and not F ∝ − y.
N
O
R
A
ST
G
N
SI
RI
Question 5
If you double the period of a pendulum,
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what happens to its length?
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Answer:
D
We know that period of pendulum is given by
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√
A
Squaring both sides, we get
E
N( )
LI
N
Now,
A
ST
√
G
( )
N
SI
RI
Question 6
Y
A 2kg body suspended from a spring of
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negligible mass is found to stretch the
D
spring by 10cm. If the body is pulled down and then
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released. What is the frequency of the oscillation?
Solution:
A
Given mass = m = 2kg
E
N
LI
Extension = x = 10 cm =
N
O
R
A
√ √
ST
G
N
SI
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Question 7
Y
A body undergoes SHM of amplitude 3cm
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and frequency 20Hz. What is the velocity
D
of the body at the maximum acceleration of the
CA
object?
Solution:
A
Amplitude = A = 3cm = 0.03m
E
N
Frequency = f = 20Hz
LI
N
Velocity = v = ?
O
Acceleration = a = ?
R
A
ST
G
N
SI
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Question 8
Y
An object of mass 0.35kg oscillates in SHM with an
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amplitude of 140 mm and a frequency of 0.60 Hz.
Calculate or find:
D
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(a) Maximum Kinetic Energy of the object
(b) Maximum Potential Energy of the object
A
(c) Potential and Kinetic energy at the midway point
between the centre and the extremity of the motion.
E
N
Solution:
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Frequency = f = 0.60 Hz
R
A
Y
EM
At , potential energy is maximum,
D
CA
A
c) At the midway point P.E. and K.E. is equal
i.e.
E
N
LI
N
O
R
A
ST
√
From Equation (1), we get
Y
EM
D
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From Equation (2), we get
A
E
N
LI
N
O
R
A
ST
G
N
SI
RI
Question 9
Find the equation for the acceleration of
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SHM using differentiation.
EM
Acceleration of SHM
Again we know that Acceleration of a particle is given by
D
,
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where v is the velocity of particle executing motion.
A
In SHM velocity of particle is give by,
E
N
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differentiating this we get,
N
O
----
R
we get =>
SI
Question 10
At a particular frequency, the velocity of the
Y
cap in m/s is given by the expression
EM
(a) Calculate the frequency of the sound emitted.
D
CA
(b) Calculate the amplitude of the vibration.
Solution:
A
(a)
E
N
LI
N
O
R
(b)
A
ST
G
N
SI
RI
Question 11
A set of spring all have initial length of 10cm.
Each …. Which of the oscillating systems has
Y
EM
the highest frequency.
Solution:
D
CA
For spring A,
A
So, √ √ √ ; √
E
N
For spring B,
LI
N
So, √ √ √ ; √
O
R
For spring C,
A
ST
So, √ √ √ ; √
G
For spring D,
N
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So, √ √ √ ; √
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Question 12
Four different masses are hung from four
Y
springs with an unstretched length of 10cm,
causing the spring to stretch ……. Which of the
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oscillating system has the highest frequency?
D
Solution:
CA
We know that
A
E
N
Frequency of oscillation,
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N
√
O
R
A
√
ST
G
N
Question 13
A mass oscillating up and down on a spring; the
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motion is illustrated at right.
EM
D
CA
A
E
1. At which time or times shown in the acceleration zero?
N
2. At which time or times shown is the kinetic energy a
LI
maximum?
N
maximum?
R
Answer:
A
ST
1. Acceleration is zero at A, C , E
2. Maximum K.E is at A, C, E
G
3. Maximum P.E. is at B
N
SI
RI
Question 14
A pendulum is pulled to the side and released.
Y
The mass swings to the right as shown. The
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diagram shows positions for the half of a
complete oscillation.
D
CA
A
E
N
LI
N
greatest?
Answers:
G
N
SOLUTION:
ST
A
QUESTION # 16
R
O
N
LI
N
E
A
CA
D
EM
Y
RI
SI
N
G
ST
A
R
O
N
LI
N
E
A
CA
D
EM
Y
(b) When student releases the mass,
(i) Force acting on mass, will be elastic force
which is proportional to elongation in
spring,
Y
𝐹𝑠𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝛼 (𝑦 − 𝑦𝑜 )
EM
𝐹𝑠𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 = −𝑘 (𝑦 − 𝑦𝑜 )
D
(𝑦 − 𝑦𝑜 ) = displacement of mass
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(ii) To find acceleration,
𝐹𝑦 = 𝑚 × 𝑎𝑦
A
𝑘 (𝑦 − 𝑦𝑜 ) = 𝑚 × 𝑎𝑦
E
N
𝒌 (𝑦 − 𝑦𝑜 )
𝑎𝑦 =
LI
𝑚
N
𝟑𝟓 × (60𝑚𝑚)
𝑎𝑦 =
O
0.5
R
𝑎𝑦 = 4.2 𝑚/𝑠𝑒𝑐 2
A
ST
2.1
SI
=> 𝒌 = = 𝟑𝟓
0.06
RI
(iii) state the initial amplitude of the Oscillation
𝑉 = 𝜔 √ 𝐴2 − 𝑦 2
Y
Where,
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𝑉 = 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦;
D
𝜔 = 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦
CA
𝐴 = 𝐴𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑒
A
𝑦 = 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡
E
N
Now, making A as subject,
LI
N
𝑉 2
𝐴 = √( ) + 𝑦 2
O
𝜔
R
A
mean position, so
G
𝐴 = √𝑦 2
N
SI
𝐴 = √(60 𝑚𝑚)2
RI
𝐴 = 60 𝑚𝑚
Question # 17
The piston moves up and down between points A and B as shown in the diagram
which are separated 0.10 m apart.
Y
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Mass of piston
Since the piston is moving between points A and B separated by 0.10 m, its mean
point will be at its centre point i.e. 0.05 m from any of the one end points.
D
CA
Thus, the amplitude of oscillation of this piston will be A = 0.05 m
The angular frequency of the piston will be given by;
A
E
Substituting all thw values; N
LI
N
Considering the piston to be staring from the mean position, we can say that
SI
Y
EM
Hence, the maximum acceleratio of this piston will be 1917.2 m/s2
D
The force applied due to this maximum acceleration will also be maximum.
CA
Substituting the values;
A
E
N
LI
Hence, the maximum force on this piston will be 9465.216 N
Maximum kinetic energy for a particle / object performing SHM is given by;
N
O