4/15/2011

Information and communication

Information and communication
Technologies (ICTs) and Globalisation
Questioning to Learn:
1. What are some of the ways that ICTs have
facilitated globalisation process?
2. What kinds of information skills are needed to be
personally, professionally, and academically
sucessful in the Information Age?
3. What factors contribute to the existance of
digigal devides both within specific countries and
between developed and developing countries?
4. How might ICTs facilitate development?
5. What are some of the potentially posivetive and
potentially negative consequences of the
globalisation media?
technologies (ICTs)

ICTs encompasses the digital technologies and infrastructure
and products that facilitate the acquisition, storage, analysis,
manipulation, and distribution of information.

ICTs also includes other technologies that enable collection,
processing, transmission, and presentation of information in a
number of ways including voice, data, text, images, video, and
animiation.

3 dominant ICT technologies: PC, cellphone/mobile, internet

ICT also includes webcams, email, DVDs, flash memory, hard
drives, servers, and networks, softwares.

ICTs are the services, platforms, and devices that have eroded
the barriers of time and space, making swift and efficient
international communication flows possible.

ICTs ~ digital technologies that have rapidly changed the world

Information and communication

technologies (ICTs)

ICT eroded the constrainst of time and space- necessarry
prequisite to the formation of glabal economy “with the
capacity to work as a unit in real time, or chosen time, on a
planetary scale”.

ICT reflects the convergence of communications- ability to
deliver a variety of media and communication services
(e.g: Cell phones are not simply telecommunications
devices; they allow us to play game, download infor, suft
net, listen to music, watch video,etc)

ICTs allow people to share information and to communicate
with each other at any time in any place, extend human
interaction, allowing people who are dispersed in space
and time to act in response to events taking place in distant
locales.
The Information Age

The information age~ proliferation of information and
ability to transfer, share, and instantly access
information.

Many consider it begun in the last 20yrs of 20th century
and expedited in mid 90s by the widespread and
development of internet (though it has a long history
dated back to 1962).

1440, Johannes Gutenberg developed printing press:
allows news and knowledge to spread across EU faster

1998: Larry Page and Sergey Brin co-found Google:
increase in the availability of information

Internet provides various forums for people to express
their ideas, to build consensus, to debate and to vote, to
share, to comment on a number of spaces (wikis, chat
forums, blogs, etc.)

Internet users in the World

Global ICT development (source: www.internetworldstats.com/emarketing.htm)

DATE NUMBER OF USERS % WORLD POPULATION

Dec. 1995 16millions 0.4%
Dec. 1996 36 millions 0.9%
Dec. 1997 70 millions 1.7%
Dec. 1998 147millions 3.6%
Dec. 1999 248millions 4.1%
Dec. 2000 361millions 5.8%
Aug., 2001 513 millions 8.6%
Sept., 2002 587 millions 9.4%
Dec. 2003 719 millions 11.1%
Dec. 2004 817 millions 12.7%
Dec. 2005 1,018 millions 15.7%
Dec. 2006 1,093 millions 16.7%
Dec, 2007 1,319 millions 20.0%
Dec, 2008 1,574 millions 23.5%
Dec. 2009 1,802 millions 26.6%

June, 2010 1,966 millions 28.7 %

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Internet users per 100 inhabitants

Global number of internet users by

ICTs in households development status

Mobile cellular telephone

Mobile telephony
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

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Mobile signal coverage Global village-

village- MacLuhan (1962)

The global village suggests that the globalisation of communication media has
bought the whole world closer together, like a village in which everyone is.

Global village closes the gap between countries, as an event experienced in one
part of the world could be witnessed from other parts in no time at all. it establishes
the image of a world where everyone is able to speak freely and information can be
shared across borders. (Source: Peter Hirshberg TED Talk: The Web and TV, a
sibling rivalry (2007)

McLuhan chose the insightful

phrase "global village" to highlight
his observation that an electronic
nervous system (the media)
was rapidly integrating the planet
events in one part of the world
could be experienced from other
parts in real-time, which is
what human experience was
like when we lived in
small villages

Millennium Development Goals

ICTs and Development
(MDGs)

Sept. 8, 2000 UN General Assembly adopted the Millennum
UNs declaration signed in Sept. 2000 consisting of 8
Declaration, committing rich and poor countries alike to set of goals and 21 targets that 192 UNs members and 23
Int’l organisations agreed to achieve by 2015.
8 targets designed to end extreme poverty around the globe
by 2015.
1. Eradicating extreme poverty and hunger

Section 20 resolves: “To ensure that the benefits of new
2. Achieving universal primary education
technologies, esp. information and communication
3. Promoting gender equality and empowering women
technologies, in conformity with recommendations contained
in the ECOSOC 2000 Ministerial Declaration, are available to 4. Reducing child mortality
all”. 5. Improving maternal health
6. Combating HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases

World Summit on the Information Society: adoption of the
7. Ensuring environmental sustainability
Declaration of Principles declared a commitment to
8. Developing a global partnership for development
harnessing the potential of ICTs to promote MDGs and to
create an inclusive and development- oriented Information
Society.

ICT Development index:

The digital divide
top 10 countries

Digital divide: Unequal access to physical ICTs, such as
computers, mobile phones, and internet access, as well as to
imbalances in the education and experience needed to
develop information and technology skills.

Global digital divide: disparities in technology access and

use between countries or global regions.

(Human Development Report, 1999): WWW not only

connects but also excludes, providing the connected with
ever greater advantages:
“The network society is creating parallel communications systems: one
for those with income, education and – literally- connections, giving
plentiful information at low cost and high speed; the other for those
without connections, blocked by high barriers of time, cost and
uncertainty and dependent on outdated information.”

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Proportion of HHs with

internet access, by region

Global mobile subscriptions by

development status

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Top 10 countries with the lowest

ICT prices

ICT Development index-

index-
Where is Vietnam?
top 5 per region Fixed Mobile Internation Propostion Propostion Fixed Mobile Internation Propostion Propostion
telephon cellular al internet of H/Hs of H.Hs telephone cellular al internet of H/Hs of H.Hs
e line per subscriptio bandwidth with with line per 100 subscriptio bandwidth with with
100 ns per 100 per internet computer internet inhabitants ns per 100 per internet computer internet
inhabitan inhab. user (bit/s) inhab. user (bit/s)
ts
2002 2007 2002 2007 2002 2007 2002 2007 2002 2007

Sweden 62.5 60.4 89.0 113.7 14,962 62,484 75.0 83.0 66.0 79.0

United 65.3 53.4 48.9 83.5 2,208 15,341 59.0 70.2 52.0 61.7
States
China 16.6 27.5 16.0 41.2 159 1,735 10.2 39.1 5.0 16.4

Vietnam 4.9 32.7 2.4 27.2 95 704 2.6 10.1 0.6 5.0

Measuring the Information Society- The ICT Development Index

Internet in Asia-
Asia- top 10 countries Conclusion

ICTs encompasses the digital technologies and
infrastructure that have facilitated globalisation
processes.

ICTs are the services, platforms, and devices that have
eroded the barriers of time and space, making swift and
efficient international communication flows possible.

The important role of ICTs in poverty reduction

Efforts needed to provide people around the world
acess to the information and communication tools that
can enhance their chances of achieving their goals for
themseves, their families and their communities.

Convergece process of devices (mobile devices)
making media forms changing