SERIES

PD7C HYDRAULIC HOIST

INSTALLATION, MAINTENANCE, AND SERVICE MANUAL

PACR WINCH DIVISION

LIT2492 R1 P.O. BOX 547 BROKEN ARROW, OK U.S.A. 74013
5-2011 PHONE (918) 251-8511 FAX (918) 259-1575
PRINTED IN U.S.A. www.paccarwinch.com
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 Table of Contents

GENERAL SAFETY RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................................ 4

THEORY OF OPERATION ............................................................................................ 5
HOIST INSTALLATION.................................................................................................. 8
RECOMMENDED FASTENER TORQUE ................................................................... 10
WIRE AND BRAIDED ROPE INSTALLATION ............................................................ 10
PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE....................................................................................11
RECOMMENDED PLANETARY GEAR OIL................................................................ 13
TROUBLE SHOOTING ............................................................................................... 14
EXPLODED VIEW DRAWING AND PARTS KEY ....................................................... 18
HOIST DISASSEMBLY................................................................................................ 19
PLANET CARRIER SERVICE ..................................................................................... 22
MOTOR SUPPORT – BRAKE CYLINDER SERVICE ................................................. 24
BRAKE CLUTCH SERVICE ........................................................................................ 27
HOIST ASSEMBLY ...................................................................................................... 29
REVERSING DIRECTION OF DRUM ROTATION ...................................................... 32

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 FOREWORD
Read this entire publication and retain it for future reference.

If you have any questions regarding your Braden Planetary Hoist or this publication, contact the Braden Technical
Support Department at 1-918-251-8511, 08:00-1630 hours, CT, Monday through Friday, FAX 1-918-259-1575, or
VENT PLUG
email www.paccarwinch.com. ABOVE CENTERLINE

The minimum service intervals specified are for operating hours of the prime mover.

The following service instructions have been prepared to provide assembly, disassembly and maintenance informa-
tion for the BRADEN Model PD7C series hoist. Before doing any work on these units, all assembly and disassembly
instructions shall be read and understood.

Some illustrations in this manual may show details or attachments that are different from your hoist. Also, some com-
ponents have been removed for illustrative purposes. Illustrations in this manual are of a “typical” unit sold through
our distribution network. Some hoists, particularly those sold directly to original equipment manufacturers (OEM), may
differ in appearance and options.

Whenever a question arises regarding your BRADEN HOIST, please contact BRADEN Technical Support Depart-
ment for the latest available information.

HOIST

Serial Numbers and Model Numbers are locat-

ed to the left hand side of the hydraulic motor,
stamped into the base. Always refer to the Se-
rial Number and Model Number when request-
ing information or service parts.

EXPLANATION OF MODEL NUMBER

PD 7 C 07 124 - 01 - U - L - R
POWER MAX DESIGN GEAR MOTOR DRUM ROTATION BASE OPTIONAL
DRUM RATING SERIES RATIO SIZE OPTION

PD DESIGNATES POWER DRUM

7 DESIGNATES 7,000 LB. APPROXIMATE FIRST LAYER LINE PULL
C DESIGNATES THE MODEL SERIES RELATING TO DESIGN CHANGES
07 DESIGNATES TOTAL GEAR REDUCTION
124 DESIGNATES HYDRAULIC MOTOR DISPLACEMENT IN CU IN/REV
(DECIMAL POINT ELIMINATED. EXAMPLE 124 = 12.4 CU IN/REV) IF SHIPPED LESS MOTOR, THE
MOTOR INTERFACE IS LISTED AS C2A - SAE C SHAFT 2 BOLT SAE “A” MOTOR MOUNT
01 DESIGNATES THE DRUM OPTION (OTHER DRUMS MAY INCLUDE 02, ETC.)
U DESIGNATES UNDERWOUND CABLE DRUM – OPTIONAL
L DESIGNATES LEFT HAND BASE – OPTIONAL, BLANK IS STANDARD RIGHT HAND BASE
R DESIGNATES TENSION ROLLER - OPTIONAL

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 GENERAL SAFETY RECOMMENDATIONS
Safety and informational callouts used in this manual include:
WARNING – This emblem is used to warn against haz-
ards and unsafe practices which could result in severe
personal injury or death if proper procedures are not
followed.
Safety for operators and ground personnel is of prime concern. Always take the necessary precautions to ensure safety
to others as well as yourself. To ensure safety, the prime mover and hoist must be operated with care and concern by
the operator for the equipment and a thorough knowledge of the machine’s performance capabilities. The following
recommendations are offered as a general safety guide. Local rules and regulations will also apply.
1. Be certain equipment (boom, sheave blocks, pendants,
etc.) is either lowered to the ground or blocked secure-
ly before servicing, adjusting, or repairing hoist.
2. Be sure personnel are clear of work area BEFORE
operating hoist.
3. Read all warning and caution tag information provided
for safe operation and service of hoist.
4. Inspect rigging and hoist at the beginning of each work
shift. Defects shall be corrected immediately.
5. Keep equipment in good operating condition. Perform
scheduled servicing and adjustments listed in the
“Preventive Maintenance” section of this manual.
6. An equipment warm-up procedure is required for all
start-ups and essential at ambient temperatures below
+40°F (4°C). Refer to “Warm-up Procedure” listed in
the “Preventive Maintenance” section of this manual.
7. Operate hoist line speeds to match job conditions.
8. Leather gloves shall be used when handling wire
rope.
9. Never attempt to handle wire rope when the hook end
is not free. Keep all parts of body and clothing clear
of cable rollers, cable entry area of fairleads and hoist
drum.
10. When winding wire rope on the hoist drum, never at-
tempt to maintain tension by allowing wire rope to slip
through hands. Always use “Hand-Over-Hand” tech-
nique.
11. Never use wire rope with broken strands. Replace
wire rope.
12. Do not weld on any part of the hoist.
13. Use recommended hydraulic oil and gear lubricant.
14. Keep hydraulic system clean and free from contami-
nation at all times.
15. Use correct anchor for wire rope and anchor pocket in
drum.
16. Do not use knots to secure or attach wire rope.
4
CAUTION
CAUTION – This emblem is used to warn against po-
tential or unsafe practices which could result in person-
al injury or product or property damage if proper proce-
dures are not followed.
17. The BRADEN designed wire rope anchors are capable
of supporting the rated load when installed properly.
For additional safety, ALWAYS maintain a minimum of
five (5) wraps of wire rope on the drum.
18. Never attempt to clean, oil or perform any mainte-
nance on a machine with the engine or prime mover
running, unless instructed to do so in this manual.
19. Never operate hoist controls unless you are properly
positioned at the operators station and you are sure
personnel are clear of the work area.
20. Assure that personnel who are responsible for hand
signals are clearly visible and that the signals to be
used are thoroughly understood by everyone.
21. Ground personnel shall stay in view of the operator
and clear of hoist drum. Do not allow ground person-
nel near hoist line under tension. A safe distance of at
least 1-1/2 times the working length of the cable shall
be maintained.
22. Do not exceed the maximum pressure, PSI (kPa), or
flow, GPM (LPM), stated in the hoist specifications.
23. Install guarding to prevent personnel from getting any
part of body or clothing caught at a point where the ca-
ble is wrapped onto the drum or drawn through guide
rollers.
24. “Deadman” controls, which automatically shut off pow-
er to the hoist whenever the operator leaves his sta-
tion, should be installed whenever practicable.
25. Never allow anyone to stand under a suspended
load.
26. Avoid sudden “shock” loads or attempting to “jerk” load
free. This type of operation may cause heavy loads, in
excess of rated capacity, which may result in failure of
wire rope and hoist.
 THEORY OF OPERATION
DESCRIPTION OF WINCH
The hoist has four basic component groups:
1. Hoist base
2. Hydraulic motor and brake valve
3. Brake cylinder with overrunning clutch
4. Cable drum with gear train
The hoist base includes the two end plates, center base
section and drum bearing support. The hydraulic mo-
tor group includes the motor, manifold block and coun-
terbalance valve cartridge. The brake cylinder contains
the multi-disc, spring applied, hydraulically released static
brake and the overrunning, sprag-type brake clutch. The
cable drum contains the planetary gear set and the ring
gear.
The hydraulic motor is bolted to the motor support which
in turn is bolted to the brake cylinder and base. The motor
end of the drum, running on a ball bearing, is supported by
the brake cylinder. The anchor end of the drum runs on a
ball bearing supported by the drum bearing support bolted
to the base.
The hydraulic motor drives the input sun gear of the plan-
etary gear set through the splined inner race of the over-
running brake clutch. The planetary carrier is splined to
the drum bearing support and cannot rotate. As the planet
gears are driven by the sun gear, they will drive the ring
gear machined into the inside surface of the cable drum.
Figure 1 HOISTING
5
Dual Brake System – Description
The dual brake system consists of a dynamic brake sys-
tem and a static brake system.
The dynamic brake system has two operating compo-
nents:
1. Brake valve assembly
2. Hydraulic motor
The brake valve is basically a counterbalance valve with
good metering characteristics. It contains a check valve
to allow free flow of oil to the motor in the hoisting direc-
tion and a pilot operated, spring-loaded spool valve that
blocks the flow of oil out of the motor when the control
valve is placed in neutral. When the control valve is placed
in the lowering position, the spool valve remains closed
until sufficient pilot pressure is applied to shift it against
spring pressure and open a passage. After the spool valve
cracks open, the pilot pressure becomes flow-dependent
and modulates the spool valve opening which controls the
lowering speed. Refer to Figures 1& 2.
The static brake system has three operating compo-
nents:
1. Spring Applied, Multiple Friction Disc Static Brake
2. Overrunning Brake Clutch Assembly
3. Hydraulic Piston and Cylinder
 Figure 2 LOWERING
The static brake is released by the brake valve pilot pres-
sure at a pressure lower than that required to open the
pilot operated spool valve. This sequence assures that dy-
namic braking takes place in the brake valve and that little,
if any, heat is absorbed by the static brake.
The static brake is a load holding brake only and has
nothing to do with dynamic braking or rate of descent of
a load.
The overrunning brake clutch is splined to both the sun
gear shaft and the motor shaft. It will allow this shaft to
turn freely in the direction to raise a load and lock up to
force the brake discs to turn with the shaft in the direction
to lower a load. Refer to figures 3 and 4.
The hydraulic cylinder, when pressurized, will release the
spring pressure on the brake discs, allowing the brake
discs to turn freely.
Dual Brake System – Operation
When hoisting a load, the overrunning brake clutch which
connects the motor shaft to the planetary sun gear, allows
free rotation. The sprag cams lay over and permit the in-
ner race to turn free of the outer race. Figure 3. The static
brake remains fully applied. The hoist, in raising a load, is
not affected by any braking action. Figure 1.
When the lifting operation is stopped, the load attempts
to turn the planetary sun gear in the opposite direction.
This reversed input causes the sprag cams to instantly roll
upward and firmly lock the shaft to the fully applied static
brake. Figure 4.
6
When the hoist is powered in reverse, to lower the load,
the motor cannot rotate until sufficient pilot pressure is
present to open the brake valve. Figure 2. The static fric-
tion brake within the hoist will completely release at a
pressure lower than that required to open the brake valve.
The extent to which the brake valve opens will determine
the amount of oil that can flow through it and the speed at
which the load will be lowered. Increasing the flow of oil to
the motor will cause the pressure to rise and the opening
in the brake valve to enlarge, speeding up the descent
of the load. Decreasing this flow causes the pressure to
lower and the opening in the brake valve to decrease thus
slowing the descent of the load.
When the control valve is shifted to neutral, the pressure
will drop and the brake valve will close, stopping the load.
The static brake will engage and hold the load after the
brake valve has closed.
When lowering a load very slowly for precise position-
ing, no oil flow actually occurs through the hoist motor.
The pressure will build up to a point where the brake will
release sufficiently to allow the load to rotate the motor
through its own internal leakage. This feature results in a
VERY slow speed and extremely accurate positioning.
The static brake receives very little wear in the lowering
operation. The heat generated by the lowering and stop-
ping of a load is absorbed by the hydraulic oil where it can
be readily dissipated.
Figure 3
Static Brake Applied

Sprag Cams

Permits free shaft rotation

while hoisting

Figure 4
Static Brake Applied

Sprag Cams

Load attempts to rotate shaft in opposite direction.

Brake clutch locks sun gear shaft to ststic brake discs.

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HOIST INSTALLATION
HOIST
HOIST

TYPICAL BASE AND

SIDE PLATE
CONFIGURATION

HOIST BASE 8x .66 in (16.8) HOIST

.91 (mm)
(23.1)

.862 (21.9)

8.875 (225.4)

1.125
(28.6) 1.875 VENT PLUG
(47.6) ABOVE CENTERLINE
7.500
(190.5)
11.250
(285.8)

1. The hoist must be mounted with the centerline of the

drum in a horizontal position. The mounting plane of
the base may be rotated in any position around this
CenterLine
centerline as long as the vent plug is located above
the horizontal centerline. See Note 4.
2. Because of the design of the mounting base, the direc-
tion of line pull should only be as shown in the above
illustration. Line pulls in any other direction must be
approved by BRADEN Engineering.
3. When mounting the hoist, use all eight (8) mounting
4. The vent plug must always be located above the hori-
holes and 5/8 inch grade 8 capscrews and nuts. Tight-
zontal centerline. If the hoist is mounted on a pivoting
en to recommended torque. HOIST
surface, be sure vent plug remains above the center-
The hoist must be mounted on a surface that will not flex line in all positions. If necessary, reposition bearing
when in use and cause binding of the gear train. Binding support and vent plug as follows:
in the gear train will result in accelerated wear and heat.
Also, be sure the hoist is mounted on a flat surface. If A. Remove bearing support capscrews.
necessary, use shim stock to insure the mounting surface B. Rotate bearing support until vent plug is positioned
is flat within 0.020 in. (0.5 mm). Use stainless steel shim correctly and bolt holes are aligned.
stock as required. C. Evenly tighten capscrews to recommended torque.
8
 FLEET ANGLE

A TO LOAD
OR
FIRST SHEAVE

1/2 O MIN
1 1/2 O MAX
B

A=B

5. Hydraulic lines and components that operate the hoist
should be of sufficient size to assure minimum back
pressure at the hoist motor. Back pressure shall not
exceed 100 psi (690 kPa) for optimum motor perfor-
mance and brake holding capacity. For back pressures
exceeding 150 psi (1,030 kPa) consult BRADEN.
6. The hoist shall be mounted perpendicular to an imagi-
nary line from the center of the drum to the first sheave
to insure even wire rope spooling. Make certain the
fleet angle does not exceed 1-1/2 degrees. See illus-
tration above.
DO NOT use a control valve with any detents or latch-
ing mechanism that would hold the control valve in an
actuated or running position when the operator releas-
es the control handle. Use of the wrong type of control
valve could lead to unintentional operation of the hoist,
which could result in property damage, personal injury,
or death.
Maximum cold weather start-up viscosity should not ex-
ceed 5000 SUS (1000cSt) with a pour point at least 20°F
(11°C) lower than the minimum temperature.
Under continuous operating conditions the temperature
of the oil at any point in the system must not exceed 180°
(82°C). Optimum oil temperature is generally considered
to be 120-140°F (49-60°C).
In general terms; for continuous operation at ambient tem-
peratures between 50 and 110°F (10 to 43°C) use ISO
46; for continuous operation between 10 and 90°F (-12
to 32°C) use ISO 32; for applications colder than 10°F
(-12°C), contact BRADEN. The use of multi-viscosity oils
is generally not recommended.
8. The hydraulic oil filter should have a 10 micron nomi-
nal rating and be full flow type and meet the require-
ments of the hydraulic pump manufacturer.

The directional control valve must be a three position,

four- way valve without detents and with a spring cen-
tered motor spool such that the valve returns to the
centered position whenever the handle is released,
and both work ports are open to tank (open center,
open port).
7. High quality hydraulic oil is essential for satisfactory
performance and long hydraulic component life.
Oil having 150 to 330 SUS (30-60 cSt) viscosity at 104°F
(40°C) and viscosity index of 100 or greater will give good
results under normal temperature conditions. The use of
an oil having a high viscosity index will minimize cold-start
trouble and reduce the length of warm-up periods. A high
viscosity index will minimize changes in viscosity with cor-
responding changes in temperature.

9
 RECOMMENDED FASTENER TORQUE
Higher or lower torques for special applications will be specified.
Lubricated torque values based on use of SAE 30 engine oil applied to threads and face of fastener.
Avoid using thread lubricants (such as anti-seize compound) as the applied torque may vary by 10 - 40%, depending
upon the product used.

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WIRE AND BRAIDED ROPE INSTALLATION

ANCHORING WIRE ROPE
Take the free end of the wire rope and insert it through
the small opening of the anchor pocket. Loop the wire
rope and push the free end about half of the way back
through the pocket. Install the wedge, then pull the slack
out of the wire rope. The wedge will slip into the pocket
and secure the wire rope into the drum.

CORRECT INSTALLATION INCORRECT INSTALLATION

Drive from
this side
Wedge pulled
too far through
Wedge not anchor pocket
Wedge and wire
rope fully seated fully Seated
in pocket

Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10

10
 PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
A regular program of preventive maintenance for your planetary hoist is required to minimize the need for emergency
servicing and promote safe, reliable hoist operation.

Field experience, supported by engineering tests, indicate the three (3) service procedures listed below are the MOST
critical to safe, reliable hoist operation and MUST be observed.

• Regular Gear Oil Changes – every 1000 hours or six (6) months

• Use of Proper Gear Oil – recommended type for prevailing ambient temperature

• Periodic disassembly and inspection of all wear items.

The following minimum service intervals are speci- 2. OIL CHANGE

fied for operating hours of the prime mover.
The gear oil must be changed after the first one hun-
dred (100) hours of operation, then every 1,000 op-
erating hours or six (6) months, whichever occurs
first. The gear oil must be changed to remove wear
particles that impede the reliable and safe operation
of the brake clutch and erode bearings, gears and
seals. Failure to change gear oil at these suggested
minimum intervals may contribute to intermittent brake
slippage which could result in property damage, se-
vere personal injury or death.

1. OIL LEVEL
The gear oil level should be checked every 500 op-
erating hours or three (3) months, whichever occurs
first or whenever an oil leak is detected. To check the
oil level, remove the large plug located in the center
of the drum support. The oil should be level with the
bottom of this opening or approximately half-way up
in a sight glass. This is extremely important due to
the accelerated wear that can be caused by insuf-
ficient lubricating oil in the hoist. If additional oil in
needed, refer to “Recommended Planetary Gear Oil”.
The gear oil should also be changed whenever the am-
bient temperature changes significantly and an oil from
a different temperature range would be more appropri-
ate. Oil viscosity with regard to ambient temperature
is critical to reliable brake clutch operation. Our tests
indicate that excessively heavy or thick gear oil may
contribute to intermittent brake clutch slippage. Make
certain that the gear oil viscosity used in your hoist is
correct for your prevailing ambient temperature. Fail-
ure to use the proper type and viscosity of planetary
gear oil may contribute to brake clutch slippage which
could result in property damage, severe personal in-
jury or death. Refer to “Recommended Planetary Gear
Oil” for additional information.

11
 7. WARM-UP PROCEDURES
A warm-up procedure is required at each start-up and
is essential at ambient temperatures below +40°F
(4°C).
The prime mover should be run at its lowest recom-
mended RPM with the hydraulic hoist control valve
in neutral allowing sufficient time to warm up the sys-
tem. The hoist should then be operated with no load
at low speeds, raise and lower, several times to prime
all lines with warm hydraulic oil, and to circulate gear
lubricant through the planetary gear set.

8. INSPECTION
A. Bearings and Gears –
Refer to DISASSEMBLY OF HOIST, page 20; and
PLANET CARRIER SERVICE, page 23.
B. Brake Cylinder –
Refer to MOTOR SUPPORT – BRAKE CYLIN-
3. VENT PLUG DER SERVICE, pages 25 and 26.
The vent plug is located in the drum support as shown.
It is very important to keep this vent clean and unob- C. Brake Clutch –
structed. Whenever gear oil is changed, remove vent Refer to BRAKE CLUTCH SERVICE, page 28.
plug, clean in solvent and reinstall.
Do not paint over the vent or replace with a solid plug.
4. HYDRAULIC SYSTEM
The original filter element should be replaced after the
first fifty (50) hours of operation, then every 500 oper-
ating hours or three (3) months, or in accordance with
the equipment manufacturer’s recommendations.
5. WIRE ROPE AND RIGGING
Inspect entire length of wire rope according to wire
rope manufacturers recommendations.
6. MOUNTING BOLTS
Tighten all hoist base mounting bolts to recommend-
ed torque after the first one hundred (100) hours of
operation, then every 1000 operating hours or six (6)
months, whichever occurs first.

Failure to properly warm up the hoist, particularly un-

der low ambient temperature conditions, may result in
temporary brake slippage due to high back pressures
attempting to release the brake, which could result in
property damage, severe personal injury or death.

12
 RECOMMENDED PLANETARY GEAR OIL
PREVAILING AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
oF -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 oF

MOBILGEAR 600 XP 220 OR EQUIVALENT

AGMA 5 EP, ISO VG 220

MOBILGEAR 600 XP 150 OR EQUIVALENT

AGMA 4 EP, ISO VG 150

MOBILGEAR SHC 150

SYNTHETIC OR EQUIVALENT

oC -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 oC

NOTE: SHADED TEMPERATURE RANGE IN THE CHART ABOVE NOT RECOMMENDED FOR SEVERE APPLICATIONS SUCH AS: OFFSHORE
i CRANES, SUSTAINED FAST DUTY CYCLES OR FREQUENT LIFTING.

Planetary hoists are factory filled with Mobilgear 600 XP 150, or equivalent. Consult your oil supplier for other equivalent
oils if required.

Mobil Shell Chevron Texaco

Mobilgear 600 XP 150 Omala 150 Gear Compounds EP 150 Meropa 150
Mobilgear 600 XP 220 Omala 220 Gear Compounds EP 220 Meropa 220

OIL CAPACITIES: 4 Pints (1.91) NOTE: Oil capacity is approximate. Refer to “Oil
Level” earlier in this section

Failure to use the proper type and viscosity of planetary

gear oil may contribute to intermittent brake clutch slip-
page which could result in property damage, severe
personal injury or death. Some gear lubricants contain
large amounts of EP (extreme pressure) and anti-friction
additives which may contribute to brake clutch slippage
and damage to brake friction discs or seals. Oil viscos-
ity with regard to ambient temperature is also critical to
reliable brake clutch operation. Our tests indicate that
excessively heavy or thick gear oil may contribute to
intermittent brake clutch slippage. Make certain that the
gear oil viscosity used in your hoist is correct for your
prevailing ambient temperature.

9. RECOMMENDED PLANETARY GEAR OIL

Use of the proper planetary gear oil is essential to reli-
able and safe operation of the brake clutch and ob-
taining long gear train life.
For simplicity, BRADEN has listed one (1) readily avail-
able product in each temperature range which has been
tested and found to meet our specifications.

13
 TROUBLESHOOTING
If a hoist ever exhibits any sign of erratic operation, or load control difficulties (i.e. load creeping or chattering) appro-
priate troubleshooting tests and repairs should be performed immediately. Continued operation in this manner may
result in property damage, serious personal injury or death.
TROUBLE PROBABLE CAUSE
A
The hoist will not lower the 1. The friction brake may not be releas-
load or not lower the load ing as a result of a defective brake cyl-
smoothly.
inder seal.
NOTE: If the brake cylinder seal is de-
fective you will usually find oil leaking
from the hoist vent relief plug.
2. Friction brake will not release as a
result of damaged brake discs.
3. The counterbalance valve may be
sticking due to contamination.
14
REMEDY
Check brake cylinder seal as follows:
A. Disconnect the hose from the brake
release port. Connect a hand pump with
accurate 0-2000 psi gauge and shut-off
valve to the –4 J.I.C. fitting in the brake
release port.
Disassemble brake to inspect brake
discs. Check stack-up height as de-
scribed in “Motor Support-Brake Cylin-
der Service”.
B. Apply 1000 PSI (6,900 kPa) to the
brake. Close shut-off valve and let stand
for five (5) minutes.
C. If there is any loss of pressure in five
(5) minutes, the brake cylinder should
be disassembled for inspection of the
sealing surfaces and replacement of the
seals. Refer to “Motor Support-Brake
Cylinder Service”.
A. Remove the counterbalance valve
cartridge from the brake valve manifold
block. Clean in safety solvent and install.
Retest. Internal components of cartridge
are not servicable; replace cartridge.
 TROUBLE
B
Oil leaks from vent plug.
The brake will not hold a
load with the control lever in
neutral.
PROBABLE CAUSE
1. Same as A1.
2. Motor seal may be defective as a
result of high system back pressure or
contaminated oil.
1. Excessive system back pressure act- The same as Remedy 2 of Trouble B2.
ing on the brake release port.
2. Friction brake will not hold due to worn
or damaged brake discs.
3. Brake clutch is slipping.
15
REMEDY
Same as A1.
System back pressure must not exceed
150 PSI (1,035 kPa). Inspect hydraulic
system for a restriction in the return line
from the control valve to the reservoir.
Be sure control valve and plumbing is
properly sized to hoist motor.
Oil analysis may indicate contamination
has worn motor shaft and seal. Thor-
oughly flush entire hydraulic system and
install new filters and oil. Install new mo-
tor seal.
Same as Remedy 2 of Trouble A2.
Improper planetary gear oil may cause
the brake clutch to slip. Drain old gear
oil and flush hoist with solvent. Thor-
oughly drain solvent and refill hoist with
recommended planetary gear oil listed
in “Preventive Maintenance”.
Brake clutch may be damaged or worn.
Disassemble and inspect brake clutch
as described in “Brake Clutch Service”.
 TROUBLE PROBABLE CAUSE
D
The hoist will not hoist the 1. The hoist may be mounted on an un-
rated load. even or flexible surface which causes
distortion of the hoist base and binding
of the gear train. Binding in the gear train
will absorb horsepower needed to hoist
the rated load and cause heat.
2. System relief valve may be set too
low. Relief valve needs adjustment or
repair.
3. Be certain hydraulic system tempera-
ture is not more than 180 degrees F (82
deg. C). Excessive hydraulic oil temper-
atures increase motor internal leakage
and reduce motor performance.
4. Hoist line pull rating is based on 1st
layer of wire rope.
5. Rigging and sheaves not operating
efficiently.
The hoist runs hot. 1. Same as D1.
2. Be certain that the hydraulic system
temperature is not more than 180 de-
grees F (82 deg. C). Excessive hydrau-
lic oil temperatures may be caused by:
A. Plugged heat exchanger.
B. Too low or too high oil level in hydrau-
lic reservoir.
C. Same as D2.
16
REMEDY
Reinforce mounting surface.
If necessary, use shim stock to level
hoist. Refer to “Hoist Installation”.
First loosen, then evenly retighten all
hoist mounting bolts to recommended
torque.
Check relief pressure as follows:
A. Install an accurate 0-4000 psi (27,580
kPa) gauge into the inlet port of the
brake valve.
B. Apply a stall pull load on the hoist
while monitoring pressure.
C. Compare gauge reading to hoist
specifications. Adjust relief valve as re-
quired.
NOTE: If pressure does not increase
in proportion to adjustment, relief valve
may be contaminated or worn out. In ei-
ther case, the relief valve may require
disassembly or replacement.
Same as remedies for Trouble D1 &
D2.
Same as remedies for Trouble E2.
Refer to hoist performance charts for
additional information.
Perform rigging service as recommend-
ed by crane manufacturer.
Same as remedies for Trouble D1.
Thoroughly clean exterior and flush
interior.
Fill/drain to proper level.
Same remedies as D2
 TROUBLE PROBABLE CAUSE REMEDY
E
The hoist runs hot. D. Hydraulic pump not operating effi- Same as remedies for Trouble D2.
ciently.
Prime mover low on horsepower or
R.P.M. Tune/adjust prime mover.

Check suction line for damage.

If pump is belt driven, belts are slipping.

Replace/tighten belts.

Pump worn. Replace pump.

3. Excessively worn or damaged inter- Disassemble hoist to inspect/replace

nal hoist parts. worn parts.

Hoist “chatters” while raising 1. Same as D2. Same as remedies for Trouble D2.
rated load.
2. Hydraulic oil flow to motor may be Same as remedies for Trouble E2.
too low.

3. Controls being operated too quickly. Conduct operator training as required.

The wire rope does not spool 1. The hoist may be mounted too close Check mounting distance and fleet an-
smoothly on the drum. to the main sheave, causing the fleet gle. Reposition hoist as required.
angle to be more than 1-1/2 degrees.

2. The hoist may not be mounted per-

pendicular to an imaginary line between Refer to “Hoist Installation”.
the center of the cable drum and the first
sheave.

3. Could possibly be using the wrong

lay rope. There is a distinct advantage Consult wire rope manufacturer for rec-
in applying rope of the proper direction ommendation of wire rope that best suits
of lay. When the load is slacked off, the your application.
several coils on the drum will stay closer
together and maintain an even layer. If
rope of improper lay is used, the coils
will spread apart each time the load is re-
moved. Then, when winding is resumed,
the rope has a tendency to criss-cross
and overlap on the drum. The result is
apt to be a flattened and crushed rope.

4. The hoist may have been overloaded,

causing permanent set in the wire rope.

Replace wire rope and conduct opera-

tor/rigger training as required.

17
 BRADEN PD7C COMPONENTS
C

5 8
13
9
18 6
4 B

15
A
12
71
18
4 10
2
18 14 21
18 17
16 4
73 77
75 11
74 6
72 3
78
24

18 25
4
18
4

19

24

1
7
18

ITEM DESCRIPTION QTY ITEM DESCRIPTION QTY

1 Base 1 16 Capscrew (1/2 - 13 X 1 1/2 GD8) (NS) 2
2 Bearing Support 1 17 Side Plate, Support 1
3 Cable Drum 1 18 Lockwasher (1/2) 36
4 Capscrew (1/2 - 13 X 1 1/4 GD8) 20 19 Plug, O-Ring Flush 1
5 Cable Drum Closure 1 20 Cable Wedge (NS) 1
6 Ball Bearing 2 21 Vent Relief Valve 1
7 Capscrew (1/2 - 13 X 1 1/2 GD8) 14 24 Spacer 2
8 Sun Gear 1 25 Side Plate, Motor 1
9 Thrust Washer 1 71 Motor 1
10 Plug 1 72 Brake Valve 1
11 Oil Seal 1 73 Capscrew 3
12 O-Ring 1 74 Hex Head Plug 1
13 Oil Seal 1 75 Elbow Fitting 1
14 Retaining Ring, External 1 77 Swivel Nut 1
15 O-Ring 1 78 Hose Assy 1

18
 HOIST DISASSEMBLY

SERVICE PRECAUTIONS

• Before any part is removed from the hoist, all service instructions should be read and understood.
• Work in a clean, dust free area as cleanliness is of utmost importance when servicing hydraulic equipment.
• Inspect all replacement parts, prior to installation, to detect any damage which might have occurred in shipment.
• Use only genuine BRADEN replacement parts for optimum results. Never reuse expendable parts such as oil
seals and O-rings.
• Inspect all machined surfaces for excessive wear or damage . . . before reassembly operations are begun.
• Lubricate all O-rings and oil seals with gear oil prior to installation.
• Use a sealing compound on the outside surface of oil seals and a light coat of thread sealing compound on pipe
threads. Avoid getting thread compound inside parts or passages which conduct oil.
• Thoroughly clean all parts in a good grade of non-flammable safety solvent. Wear protective clothing as required.
After troubleshooting the hoist and its hydraulic system as covered in the “Troubleshooting” section, and the problem
is determined to be in the hoist, use the following procedure to disassemble the hoist.

1. Remove the wire rope from the cable drum and align
the drain hole in the drum with a hole in the support
side plate before removing the hoses and mounting
bolts. After the hoist is removed from its mounting,
thoroughly clean the outside surfaces. To drain the oil,
install a short piece of 1 inch pipe in the larger threads
of the drain hole. If necessary, insert a bar into the an-
chor pocket and manually rotate the drum in the direc-
tion to hoist a load until the drain holes are aligned.

2. Use a 5/16 inch Allen wrench to remove the drain plug

through the pipe. Drain oil into a suitable container and
recycle oil in an environmentally acceptable manner.

4. Remove the capscrews securing the motor, and lift the

motor off the hoist. Remove and discard the O-ring
installed on the pilot of the motor.

3. Begin disassembly by removing the oil level plug or

sight glass and standing the hoist on the bearing sup-
port end. Tag and remove the hydraulic hose that con-
nects the brake valve and manifold to the brake cylin-
der.

19
5. Remove the brake clutch assembly from the motor
support. Refer to “Brake Clutch Service” for additional
information.
7. Using two heel-type pry bars placed between the plan-
et carrier and the drum closure, pry upward to remove
the drum closure. Remove and discard the O-ring from
the outside of the drum closure. The drum closure has
two, 3/8-16 tapped lifting eye holes that may be used
in place of the heel bars.

6. Remove the brake cylinder capscrews and install two

(2) capscrews and a short piece of chain into the mo-
tor support mounting bolt holes. Using the chain as
a handle, lift the brake cylinder out of the drum and Remove the seal and bearing from inside of closure.
base, being careful to avoid damaging the sealing or
bearing surfaces. Refer to “Motor Support-Brake Cyl-
inder Service” for additional information.

20
8. Remove the sun gear and thrust washer from the
planet carrier. Remove the planet carrier from the
drum. Refer to “Planet Carrier Service” for additional
information.

9. Remove drum from bearing support. Turn drum over

on work bench and remove seal and bearing from
support end of drum.

10. Thoroughly clean and inspect drum and base. Check

ring gear (machined into inside surface of drum) teeth
for nicks, spalling or excessive wear. Replace drum
if wear is greater than 0.015 in. (0.4 mm) when com-
pared to unworn area of ring gear teeth.

21
 PLANET CARRIER SERVICE

DISASSEMBLY

1. Remove the planet gears by driving the roll pins into

the center of the planet shafts. Slide the planet shafts
out of the carrier.
3. Now you can remove the planet shafts, bearings,
spacer, thrust washers and gears. Thoroughly clean all
parts and inspect for damage and wear. The bearing
rollers should not exhibit any irregularities. If the roll-
ers show any sign of spalling, corrosion, discoloration,
material displacement or abnormal wear, the bearing
must be replaced. Likewise, the cage should be in-
spected for unusual wear or deformation, particularly
the cage bars. If there is any damage that will impair
the cage’s ability to separate, retain and guide the roll-
ers properly, the bearing must be replaced. The thrust
washer contact areas should be free from any surface
irregularities that may cause abrasions or friction. The
gears and shafts should be inspected for abnormal
wear or pitting. Replace if damaged or worn acces-
sively.

2. Use a punch to drive the roll pins from the planet

shafts. Do not reuse the roll pins.

22
ASSEMBLY

1. Place the planet carrier on workbench with splined
coupling side down. Install thrust plate in center of car-
rier.
4. Note that the roll pin is slightly recessed in the carrier
when properly installed. With a center punch, stake
the carrier next to the pin hole as shown. This will dis-
tort the hole so the pin will not back out. Repeat these
steps for each of the three planet gears.

2. Insert two (2) bearings and a bearing spacer into a

gear with the spacer between the bearings. Place a
thrust washer on each side of the gear and position
in a carrier opening. Slide the shaft through the car-
rier, thrust washer, bearing-gear sub-assembly and re-
maining thrust washer. Be careful to avoid damaging
thrust washers when installing planet shafts.

3. Carefully align the pin hole in the carrier with the hole
in the planet gear shaft and drive the roll pin into place.
Always use NEW roll pins. When properly positioned,
50% of the roll pin will engage the planet gear shaft
and 50% will remain in the planet carrier.

23
 MOTOR SUPPORT-BRAKE CYLINDER SERVICE
DISASSEMBLY
1. Remove the motor support and brake clutch assem-
bly. Continue brake cylinder disassembly by removing
the spacer, friction brake discs and steel brake discs.
2. Remove the piston back-up ring and pressure plate.
Remove the brake springs.
CLEAN AND INSPECT
1. Thoroughly clean and inspect all parts at this time.
Check brake piston sealing surfaces on brake cylinder
and motor support. Be sure brake release port is free
of contamination.
2. Check oil seal and bearing surfaces on brake cylinder
for damage or wear.
24
3. Place friction brake disc on flat surface and check for
distortion with a straight edge. Friction material should
appear even across entire surface with groove pat-
tern visible. Replace friction disc if splines are worn
to a point, disc is distorted, friction material is worn
unevenly, or groove pattern is worn away.
4. Place steel brake disc on flat surface and check for
distortion with a straight edge. Check surface for signs
of material transfer or heat. Replace steel disc if lobes
are worn, disc is distorted or heat discolored.
5. Check brake spring free length; minimum free length
is 1.188 inch (30.2 mm). Check springs for any sign of
cracking or failure. If a brake spring must be replaced
for any reason, then ALL brake springs must be re-
placed.
CAUTION
Failure to replace brake springs as a set may result in
uneven brake application pressure and repeated brake
spring failure.
ASSEMBLY

O-Ring

Back-up
Ring

4. To check brake stack height, place pressure plate on

1. Begin assembly by placing motor support on work-
bench with motor mounting surface down. Install new
O-ring and back-up ring as shown.
top of brake spacer. Hold pressure plate down firmly
by hand and measure clearance in three places be-
tween motor support and pressure plate. Average gap
must measure between .153 in. (4 mm) maximum and
.080 in. (2 mm) minimum. If the gap exceeds the maxi-
mum limit, there are too many brake discs in stack-up
or the discs are distorted. If the gap is less than the
minimum, there are too few discs in stack-up or the
discs are worn out. When stack height is correct, re-
move pressure plate and continue assembly.

2. Insert first, a steel brake disc against the motor sup-

port followed by a friction brake disc then alternate
steel and friction discs until nine (9) friction and ten
(10) steel discs have been installed. Finish with a steel 5. Lubricate the brake piston seal and motor support
brake disc on top. sealing surface with petroleum jelly or hydraulic oil. In-
stall new piston seal to motor support, seal lip down.
NOTE: It is a good practice to pre-lubricate the discs in
hydraulic oil prior to assembly.

3. Install the brake spacer on top of the last steel brake

disc.

25

Always use the molded spring spacer. The brake springs
must be properly positioned by the spring spacer. Fail-
ure to install the spring spacer may allow the springs to
contact each other and become damaged. This could
result in loss of load control, property damage, injury or
death.
6. Install the spring spacer, then the brake springs.
7. Install pressure plate into brake cylinder followed by
the piston back-up ring. The close-fitting piston back-
up ring may be depressed slightly to one side to lodge
the back-up ring in the brake cylinder bore and tem-
porarily hold the pressure plate and springs in place
while you lower the brake cylinder over the motor sup-
port.
26
8. Apply light assembly grease to the entire sealing sur-
face of the brake cylinder and to the piston seal. Install
the brake cylinder over the motor support being care-
ful to avoid damaging the piston seal or motor support
O-ring. (A press may be necessary to avoid cocking
the brake cylinder during installation.)
9. Install motor support capscrews and evenly tighten to
recommended torque.
BRAKE CYLINDER PRESSURE TEST
1. Install the –4 J.I.C. fitting into the brake release port.
Connect a hand pump with accurate 0-2000 psi
(0-13,800 kPa) gauge and shut-off valve to this fitting.
Apply 1000 psi (6,900 kPa) to the brake. Close shut-
off valve and let stand for five (5) minutes. If there
is any loss of pressure in five (5) minutes, the brake
cylinder should be disassembled for inspection of the
sealing surfaces and brake piston.
2. WHILE PRESSURE IS APPLIED AND THE BRAKE
RELEASED, install the brake clutch assembly in the
brake pack, short end of the inner race toward motor.
Turn the clutch back and forth as you align the outer
race splines with the brake disc splines.
3. Release the pressure on the brake cylinder then re-
move the brake clutch assembly. The brake cylinder
assembly is now complete and ready to be installed in
the hoist.
 BRAKE CLUTCH SERVICE
DISASSEMBLY
1. Remove the snap ring and sprag bushing retainer from
one end only.
2. Pull the inner race out. Examine the race for scoring,
wear or indentations caused by the sprag cams.
3. Use a screwdriver and mallet to remove the sprag
bushing from one end of the outer race. There are four
special cut-outs in the bushing for this purpose. Be
careful not to damage the bushing inside surface. If
a bushing’s inside surface is damaged or shows wear,
replace it.
27
4. Next, slide the sprag clutch out, inspect the sprag
clutch closely for abnormal wear, cracks, pitting or cor-
rosion. Check small clips for breakage or bright spots;
the signs of excessive wear. Unless the outer race
or remaining sprag bushing is damaged or shows ex-
cessive wear, there is no need for further disassembly.
If disassembly is necessary, remove the bushing ac-
cording to the procedure covered in Step No. three (3).
All brake clutch assembly parts should be thoroughly
cleaned and inspected before assembly.
The polished surfaces of the races and sprag cams
must be perfectly smooth to insure positive engage-
ment of the clutch. The slightest defect may reduce
brake clutch effectiveness, which may lead to loss of
load control and result in property damage, personal in-
jury or death. Replace the entire brake clutch assembly
if any component is defective.
ASSEMBLY
1. Press a sprag bushing into the outer race, using a
mechanical or hydraulic press. A flat plate of approxi-
mately the same diameter as the bushing flange out-
side diameter should be placed between the press and
bushing during assembly to protect the bushing. Be
certain the bushing flange is against the shoulder in
the outer race.
 6. Turn the assembly over with the snap ring down. In-
stall the second retainer and snap ring. Make certain
2. Turn the assembly over and install the sprag clutch in the snap ring is seated in the groove properly.
the bore of the outer race.

3. Press the remaining bushing into the race. Again,

make sure the bushing is against the shoulder.

7. This is a completed brake clutch assembly.

4. Next, install a sprag bushing retainer, then a snap ring

on the inner race. Be sure the snap ring is seated in
the snap ring groove.

Be certain the snap ring is seated in the groove in the

splined bore of the inner race. This snap ring will keep
the brake clutch assembly correctly positioned in the
center of the friction brake pack. Binding of the brake or
brake failure may occur if this snap ring is omitted.
5. Slide the inner race through the bushings and sprag
clutch (the race will have to be rotated in the free-
wheeling direction to start it through the sprag clutch).
If the inner race will not go through the bushings, the
bushings may be damaged and should be replaced.

28
 HOIST ASSEMBLY
CAUTION
Hoists with a three piece fabricated base use special
shoulder capscrews to fasten side plates to the base
plate. DO NOT use standard capscrews in their place.
1. Install a new bearing in the drum if replacement is nec-
essary. Apply a non-hardening sealant on the outside
diameter of the new seal. Install the spring side of the
seal next to the bearing, then press into the drum, us-
ing a flat plate to avoid distortion. Be sure drain plug
is installed securely.
CAUTION
Make certain the snap ring is installed on the bearing
support. This snap ring will keep the planet carrier cor-
rectly positioned in the hoist. Gear train damage may
occur if this snap ring is omitted.
2. Install bearing support into support end plate.
CAUTION
Be sure the vent relief valve is located above the hori-
zontal centerline for the intended application. Oil leak-
age may occur if vent is positioned incorrectly.
29
Tighten bearing support capscrews to a firm hand-
tight. All capscrews must be tightened to recommend-
ed torque when hoist assembly is completed.
3. Center the drum in the opening of the base. Lubricate
the bearing support with petroleum jelly or gear oil and
install onto bearing support and drum with bearing and
seal.
4. Stand hoist on bearing support end. Install the output
sun gear and thrust washer into output planet carrier.
5. Install the planet carrier into the drum while mesh-
ing the planet gears with the ring gear and the planet
housing with the bearing support.
6. Install a new bearing in the drum closure as required.
Use sealant on the outside surface of the oil seal. In-
stall with spring side of the seal toward bearing, using
a flat plate to avoid distortion. Install a new O-ring in
the groove on the O.D. of the drum closure.

7. Lubricate the O-ring and drum opening with oil solu-
able assembly grease or gear oil and install the drum
closure into the drum.
8. Lubricate the pilot, oil seal and bearing surfaces of the
brake cylinder and carefully install brake cylinder into
base and drum. Locate the brake release port in the
same location as it was received to match the cus-
tomer motor orientation. Tighten brake cylinder cap-
screws to recommended torque.
30
9. Install the brake clutch assembly with the short end of
the inner race toward motor.
When installed correctly, the inner race should turn freely
in the opposite direction the drum turns to pull wire rope
in. An easy way to check the rotation is to hold the outer
race in your left hand, and rotate the inner race with your
right hand. The inner race should freewheel in the clock-
wise direction as viewed from the motor end for standard
drum rotation.
If the clutch free wheels in the wrong direction, disassem-
ble the clutch and reverse the inner race. Refer to “Brake
Clutch Service” for additional information.
Be certain the snap ring is seated in the groove in the
splined bore of the inner race. This snap ring will keep
the brake clutch assembly correctly positioned in the
center of the friction brake pack. Binding of the brake or
brake failure may occur if this snap ring is omitted.
10. If the brake discs are misaligned, preventing the in-
stallation of the clutch, then use a hand pump to apply
750-1000 PSI (5100 - 6900 kPa) to the brake release
port. The brake discs will move freely with the brake
released, permitting alignment of the discs, brake
clutch and input sun gear. The brake clutch inner re-
taining ring should be against the sun gear when the
clutch is correctly installed.

11. Install the hoses and fittings to the brake cylinder re-
lease port. Install a new O-ring on the motor pilot then
lubricate with petroleum jelly or gear oil. Engage the
motor shaft with the brake clutch inner race and lower
motor into place. Tighten capscrews to recommend-
ed torque.

12. Install the hose that connects the brake valve to the
brake cylinder.

13. After the hoist assembly is complete, check all cap-

screws and fittings to make certain they have been
tightened correctly. Tighten end-plate, brake cylinder
and drum bearing support capscrews to 80 lb. ft. (108
N-m) torque. Refill the hoist with the recommended
oil listed under “Preventive Maintenance”, and install
the oil level plug.

31
 REVERSING DIRECTION OF DRUM ROTATION
In order to change the direction of rotation and brake operation, 2 components must be changed on the hoist. First, the
motor must be made to rotate in the opposite direction for raising and lowering. A new brake valve assembly is required
due to internal oil passages and cartridge valve location. At the time of printing this manual, a revised rotation brake
valve group has not been released. This is done by exchanging positions of the brake valve cartridge in the manifold
block on the motor. Secondly, the brake clutch assembly must be made effective for the opposite direction of rotation.
This is done by reversing the inner race of the brake clutch assembly, as described in steps 1-5.

2. Remove the snap ring and sprag bushing retainer from

one end only of the brake clutch assembly.

1. Remove the capscrews securing the motor to the hoist

and carefully remove the motor. Remove the brake
clutch assembly from the motor support.

3. Pull the inner race out. Examine the race for scor-
ing, wear or indentations caused by the sprag cams. If
the inner race is not completely smooth, the assembly
should be replaced.

32
 5. Before installing the brake clutch, be sure the inner
race turns free in the opposite direction the drum will
turn to pull-in wire rope. An easy way to check the ro-
tation is to hold the outer race in one hand and rotate
the inner race. Install the brake clutch with the short
end of the inner race toward the motor. Install a new
O-ring on the motor pilot and install it onto the hoist.
Install and tighten motor capscrews to recommended
torque.

6. Install new O-rings on the brake valve manifold block.

Attach the brake valve manifold block to the motor us-
ing the original capscrews and tighten to recommend-
4. Turn the sprag assembly around and slide the inner
ed torque.
race (with 1 snap ring and bushing retainer) through
the bushings and sprag clutch (the race will have to be
7. Operate the hoist slowly in both directions and check
rotated in the free-wheeling direction to start it through
for oil leaks and/or unusual sounds. The hoist should
the sprag clutch). Install the remaining bushing re-
operate smoothly in both directions. Refer to “WIRE
tainer and snap ring. Make certain the snap ring is
ROPE INSTALLATION” and properly install rope onto
properly seated in the groove.
the hoist drum.

8. Before returning the hoist to full service, a light load

should be lifted and held three feet (1 meter) off the
ground to be sure the static brake is functioning prop-
erly. The hoist should also be able to slowly lower the
load in a smooth and controlled manner. If the hoist
does not perform either of these functions, refer to
“TROUBLESHOOTING” for additional information.

Be certain the snap ring is seated in the groove in the

splined bore of the inner race. This snap ring will keep
the brake clutch assembly correctly positioned in the
center of the friction brake pack. Binding of the brake or
brake failure may occur if this snap ring is omitted.

33
 METRIC CONVERSION TABLE
English to Metric Metric to English
LINEAR
inches (in.) X 25.4 = millimeters (mm) millimeters (mm) X 0.3937 = inches (in.)
feet (ft.) X 0.3048 = meters (m) meters (m) X 3.281 = feet (ft.)
miles (mi.) X 1.6093 = kilometers (km) kilometers (km) X 0.6214 = miles (mi.)

AREA
inches 2 (sq.in.) X 645.15 = millimeters 2 (mm 2) millimeters 2 (mm 2) X 0.000155 = inches 2 (sq.in.)
feet 2 (sq.ft.) X 0.0929 = meters 2 (m 2) meters 2 (m 2) X 10.764 = feet 2 (sq.ft.)

VOLUME
3
inches (cu.in.) X 0.01639 = liters (l) liters (l) X 61.024 = inches 3 (cu.in.)
quarts (qts.) X 0.94635 = liters (l) liters (l) X 1.0567 = quarts (qts.)
gallons (gal.) X 3.7854 = liters (l) liters (l) X 0.2642 = gallon (gal.)
inches 3 (cu.in.) X 16.39 = centimeters 3 (cc) centimeters3 (cc) X 0.06102 = inches 3 (cu.in.)
feet 3 (cu.ft.) X 28.317 = liters (l) liters (l) X 0.03531 = feet 3 (cu.ft.)
feet 3 (cu.ft.) X 0.02832 = meters 3 (m 3) meters3 (m3) X 35.315 = feet 3 (cu.ft.)
fluid ounce (fl.oz.) X 29.57 = millileters (ml) milliliters (ml) X 0.03381 = fluid ounce (fl.oz.)

MASS
ounces (oz.) X 28.35 = grams (g) grams (g) X 0.03527 = ounces (oz.)
pounds (lbs.) X 0.4536 = kilograms (kg) kilograms (kg) X 2.2046 = pounds (lbs.)
tons (2000 lbs.) X 907.18 = kilograms (kg) kilograms (kg) X 0.001102 = tons (2000 lbs.)
tons (2000 lbs.) X 0.90718 = metric tons (t) metric tons (t) X 1.1023 = tons (2000 lbs.)
tons (long) (2240 lbs.) X 1013.05 = kilograms (kg) kilograms (kg) X 0.000984 = tons (long) (2240 lbs.)

PRESSURE
inches Hg (60 oF) X 3600 = kilopascals (kPa) kilopascals (kPa) X 0.2961 = inches Hg (60 oF)
pounds/sq.in. (PSI) X 6.895 = kilopascals (kPa) kilopascals (kPa) X 0.145 = pounds/sq.in. (PSI)
pounds/sq.in. (PSI) X 0.0703 = kilograms/sq.cm. (kg/cm 2) kilograms/sq.cm. (kg/cm2) X 14.22 = pounds/sq.in. (PSI)
pounds/sq.in. (PSI) X 0.069 = bars bars X 14.5 = pounds/sq.in. (PSI)
o o
inches H 2O (60 F) X 0.2488 = kilopascals (kPa) kilopascals (kPa) X 4.0193 = inches H 2O (60 F)
bars X 100 = kilopascals (kPa) kilopascals (kPa) X 0.01 = bars

POWER
horsepower (hp) X 0.746 = kilowatts (kW) kilowatts (kW) X 1.34 = horsepower (hp)
ft.-lbs./min. X 0.0226 = watts (W) watts (W) X 44.25 = ft.-lbs./min.

TORQUE
pound-inches (in.-lbs.) X 0.11298 = newton-meters (N-m) newton-meters (N-m) X 8.851 = pound-inches (in.lbs.)
pound-feet (ft.-lbs.) X 1.3558 = newton-meters (N-m) newton-meters (N-m) X 0.7376 = pound-feet (ft.-lbs.)
pound-feet (ft.-lbs.) X .1383 = kilograms/meter (kg-m) kilogram/meter (kg-m) X 7.233 = pound-feet (ft.-lbs.)

VELOCITY
miles/hour (m/h) X 0.11298 = kilometers/hour (km/hr) kilometers/hour (km/hr) X 0.6214 = miles/hour (m/h)
feet/second (ft./sec.) X 0.3048 = meter/second (m/s) meters/second (m/s) X 3.281 = feet/second (ft./sec.)
feet/minute (ft./min.) X 0.3048 = meter/minute (m/min) meters/minute (m/min) X 3.281 = feet/minute (ft./min.)

TEMPERATURE
o o o
Celsius = 0.556 ( F - 32) Fahrenheit = (1.8 X oC) + 32

COMMON METRIC PREFIXES

mega (M) = 1,000,000 or 10 6
deci (d) = 0.1 or 10 -1
kilo (k) = 1,000 or 10 3 centi (c) = 0.01 or 10 -2
hecto (h) = 100 or 10 2 milli (m) = 0.001 or 10 -3
deka (da) = 10 or 10 1 micro ( m) = 0.000.001 or 10 -6

34