ENVE 321: Measurements 1 Name_________________________________

th
Homework #2 Due October 12 , 2021 by 11 am (scanned and uploaded to canvas)

Below is a drawing of the Gibson AMD treatment system close to Ashville, PA

During measurements class on 9/30/2021, students collected the following data from the
treatment system.
Air Water Dissolved Dissolved
Time Specifc Alkalinity
Date Temperature Temperature Flow (cfs) pH Oxygen Oxygen Iron (mg/L)
(24 hr) Conductance (mg/L)
(C') (C') (mg/L) (%)
Discharge (D) - at
weir 9/30/2021 14:43 16.0 11.6 0.1700 3.44 367.4 8.46 75.5 --- 1.64
Discharge (D1) -
at pipe 9/30/2021 15:05 16.0 --- 0.2236 --- --- --- --- --- ---
Box 1 (Agridrain)
- collection pond 9/30/2021 15:12 16.0 13.1 0.1490 3.36 284.1 10.96 104.3 --- 1.63
Box 4 (Agridrain)
- collection pond 9/30/2021 16.0 14.8 0.0978 3.54 357.6 67.2 --- 1.39
Box 2 (Agridrain)
-limestone bed 1 9/30/2021 15:30 16.0 18.0 0.0832 5.98 327.2 8.24 87.2 31.25 1.38
Box 3 (Agridrain)
- sed basin 1 9/30/2021 16.0 18.9 0.0900 6.41 329.5 65.9 25.40 1.35
Box 5 (Agridrain)
-limestone bed 2 9/30/2021 16.0 14.8 0.0341 5.81 274.5 10.00 95.7 3.23 0.19
Box 6 (Agridrain)
-limestone bed 2 9/30/2021 13.0 13.6 0.0710 6.58 284.9 66.3 14.80 0.05
Box 7 (Agridrain)
- sed basin 2 9/30/2021 16:20 16.0 18.0 0.0727 6.90 290.0 8.60 90.8 17.93 0.09
ENVE 321: Measurements 1 Name_________________________________
th
Homework #2 Due October 12 , 2021 by 11 am (scanned and uploaded to canvas)

During measurements class on 9/28/2021, students collected the following data from the
treatment system.
Air Water Dissolved
Time (24 Specifc Dissolved Alkalinity
Date Temperature Temperature Flow (cfs) pH Oxygen Iron (mg/L)
hr) Conductance Oxygen (%) (mg/L)
(C') (C') (mg/L)

Discharge (D) - at weir 9/28/2021 14:10 17.8 13.5 0.3116 3.42 344.5 9.34 90.1 --- 1.42

Discharge (D1) - at pipe 9/28/2021 14:10 17.8 13.5 0.2300 3.42 344.5 9.34 90.1 --- 1.42

Discharge (D) - at weir 9/28/2021 14:10 17.8 13.4 0.3116 3.44 361.7 6.63 63.3 1.3

Discharge (D1) - at pipe 9/28/2021 14:10 17.8 13.4 0.2250 3.44 361.7 6.63 63.3 1.3
Box 1 (Agridrain) -
collection pond 9/28/2021 14:45 17.8 13.5 0.0980 3.42 344.5 9.34 90.1 --- 1.42
Box 1 (Agridrain) -
collection pond 9/28/2021 14:57 17.8 13.4 0.1200 3.44 361.7 6.63 63.3 1.3
Box 1 (Agridrain) -
collection pond 9/28/2021 15:13 19.0 13.4 0.1200 3.6 335 6.37 60.9 1.38
Box 4 (Agridrain) -
collection pond 9/28/2021 14:45 17.8 13.5 0.109 3.42 344.5 9.34 90.1 --- 1.42
Box 4 (Agridrain) -
collection pond 9/28/2021 14:57 17.8 13.4 0.145 3.44 361.7 6.63 63.3 1.3
Box 4 (Agridrain) -
collection pond 9/28/2021 15:13 19.0 13.4 0.145 3.6 335 6.37 60.9 1.38
Box 2 (Agridrain) -
limestone bed 1 9/28/2021 15:09 0.0000
Box 5 (Agridrain) -
limestone bed 2 9/28/2021 15:57 17.8 15.1 0.0410 6.18 259.4 7.79 77.8 0.70 0.17
Box 6 (Agridrain) -
limestone bed 2 9/28/2021 ? 15.2 0.0740 6.82 286.0 5.92 59.1 20.43 0.27
Box 3 (Agridrain) - sed
basin 1 9/28/2021 15:09 17.8 17.1 0.1360 6.34 328.7 7.92 82 22.10 0.11
Box 3 (Agridrain) - sed
basin 1 9/28/2021 15:59 16.7 0.1360 6.82 332.8 6.05 60.8 22.10 1.54
Box 3 (Agridrain) - sed
basin 1 9/28/2021 15:54 19.0 16.8 0.1240 6.7 351.5 3.66 37.8 20.70 1.46
Box 7 (Agridrain) - sed
basin 2 9/28/2021 16:20 19.0 17.3 0.124 7.36 298.0 5.85 61.6 35.80 0.065

Use the data in the tables above, to solve the questions below. If you are in the Tuesday lab,
use the data from the Tuesday lab to answer the questions. If you are in the Thursday lab,
use the data from the Thursday lab to answer the questions.
ENVE 321: Measurements 1 Name_________________________________
th
Homework #2 Due October 12 , 2021 by 11 am (scanned and uploaded to canvas)

Question 1: Checking calculated flows by doing a flowrate balance:

1a: Add the flows from Box 1 and 4 in the table above. Do the summed flows (i.e., Box 1
+ Box 4) make sense based on the flowrate you calculated at the discharge D1 (see
drawing of system for sampling location IDs)? Explain (1 point)

𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑏𝑜𝑥 1 = 0.1490 𝑐𝑓𝑠

𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑏𝑜𝑥 4 = 0.0978 𝑐𝑓𝑠
𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑎𝑡 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒 𝐷1 = 0.2236 𝑐𝑓𝑠
𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑏𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 → 𝑏𝑜𝑥 1 + 𝑏𝑜𝑥 4 = 𝐷1

0.1490 + 0.0978 ≠ 0.2236

𝑆𝑢𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑑 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑠 ( 𝑏𝑜𝑥1 + 𝑏𝑜𝑥4)𝑖𝑠 𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑛 𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒 𝑎𝑡 𝐷1, 𝑤ℎ𝑖𝑐ℎ
𝑖𝑠 𝑣𝑖𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑏𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒.

1b. Add the flows from Box 5 and Box 6. Do the summed flows (i.e., Box 5 + Box 6)
make sense based on the flowrate you calculated for Box 4 and Box 7? Explain (1 point)
𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑏𝑜𝑥 5 = 0.0341 𝑐𝑓𝑠
𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑏𝑜𝑥 6 = 0.0710 𝑐𝑓𝑠
𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑑 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤 ( 𝑏𝑜𝑥 5 + 𝑏𝑜𝑥 6)

= 0.1051 𝑐𝑓𝑠

𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 ( 𝑏𝑜𝑥 4 + 𝑏𝑜𝑥7)

= (0.0978 + 0.0727) 𝑐𝑓𝑠

= 0.1705 𝑐𝑓𝑠

𝑖𝑡 𝑑𝑜𝑒𝑠 𝑛𝑜𝑡 𝑚𝑎𝑘𝑒 𝑎𝑛𝑦 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑠𝑜𝑛

ENVE 321: Measurements 1 Name_________________________________
th
Homework #2 Due October 12 , 2021 by 11 am (scanned and uploaded to canvas)

Question 2a: Calculate the acidity in mg/L as CaCO 3 for the water in the collection pond.
Assume all the metal acidity is from iron in the form of ferric iron. Note that negative acidity
means that the water has enough alkalinity to buffer the acidity and positive acidity means that
the water doesn’t have enough alkalinity to buffer the acidity. (1 point)
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑖𝑟𝑜𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
𝑚𝑔
= 1.64
𝑙
𝑚𝑔
𝐹𝑒 +3 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 1.64
𝑙
𝑚𝑒𝑞 1.64
=
𝑙 3
= 0.55
𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑐𝑎𝑐𝑜3 = 0.55 𝑥 50
𝑚𝑔
= 27.5 𝑐𝑎𝑐𝑜3
𝑙

Question 2b: Calculate the acidity loading in mg/sec for the water leaving the collection pond.
Hint: the flowrate of the water leaving the pond should be Box 4 + Box 1. Note that all flowrates
are reported as cubic feet per second. You will need to convert to liters per second to multiply by
concentration in mg per L. (1 point)
𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑙𝑒𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑑
= 𝑏𝑜𝑥 4 + 𝑏𝑜𝑥 1
= (0.0978 + 0.1490) 𝑐𝑓𝑠
= 0.2468 𝑐𝑓𝑠
𝑙
=7
𝑠
𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒:
𝑚𝑔 𝑙
27.5 𝑥7
𝑙 𝑠
𝑚𝑔
= 192.5
𝑠𝑒𝑐
ENVE 321: Measurements 1 Name_________________________________
th
Homework #2 Due October 12 , 2021 by 11 am (scanned and uploaded to canvas)

Question 3a. Calculate the acidity in mg/L as CaCO3 for the water leaving Sed basin 1. Assume all the
metal acidity is from iron in the form of ferric iron. (1 point)
𝑆𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝐼 (𝑏𝑜𝑥3)
𝑚𝑔
𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐. 𝑖𝑟𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑠 𝑓𝑒 +3 = 1.35
𝐿
𝑚𝑒𝑞 1.35
𝑜𝑓 𝐹𝑒 +3 =
𝐿 3
= 0.45
𝐴𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝐶𝑎𝑐𝑜3 = 0.45 𝑥 50

= 22.5 𝑚𝑔/𝐿

Question 3b. Calculate the acidity loading in mg/sec for the water leaving Sed Basin 1. (1 point)
𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑙𝑒𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛 1
= 0.09 𝑐𝑓𝑠
𝐿
= 2.55
𝑠
𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒
𝐿 𝑚𝑔
= 2.55 𝑥 22.5
𝑠 𝑙
= 57.4 𝑚𝑔/𝑠𝑒𝑐

Question 4a. Calculate the acidity in mg/L as CaCO3 for the water leaving Sed basin 2. Assume all the
metal acidity is from iron in the form of ferric iron. (1 point)
𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛 2 (𝑏𝑜𝑥7)
𝑚𝑔
𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐. 𝑖𝑟𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑠 𝑓𝑒 +3 = 0.09
𝐿
𝑚𝑒𝑞 0.09
𝑜𝑓 𝐹𝑒 +3 =
𝐿 3
= 0.03
𝐴𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝐶𝑎𝑐𝑜3 = 0.03 𝑥 50

= 1.5 𝑚𝑔/𝐿
ENVE 321: Measurements 1 Name_________________________________
th
Homework #2 Due October 12 , 2021 by 11 am (scanned and uploaded to canvas)

Question 4b. Calculate the acidity loading in mg/sec for the water leaving Sed Basin 2. (1 point)
= 0.0727 𝑐𝑓𝑠
𝐿
= 2.06
𝑠
𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒
𝐿 𝑚𝑔
= 2.06 𝑥 1.5
𝑠 𝑙
= 3.09 𝑚𝑔/𝑠𝑒𝑐

Question 5. Calculate the total acidity loading mg/sec for the water leaving the Gibson Run
AMD treatment system. Hint: Add your answers from question 3b and 4b. Note that negative
acidity means that the water has enough alkalinity to buffer the acidity and positive acidity
means that the water doesn’t have enough alkalinity to buffer the acidity. (1 point)
𝑚𝑔
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 ( ) 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑙𝑒𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝐺𝑖𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑛 𝑅𝑢𝑛 𝐴𝑀𝐷
sec
𝑇𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑡
= (57.4 + 3.09) 𝑚𝑔/𝑠𝑒𝑐

= 60.5 𝑚𝑔/𝑠𝑒𝑐

Question 6. After comparing the influent acidity (i.e., your answer to question 2b) and the
effluent acidity (i.e., you answer to question 5), does the system appear to be treating the acidity
in the water? Explain (1 point)

𝐼𝑛𝑓𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑖𝑡𝑦

= 192.5 𝑚𝑔/𝑠𝑒𝑐

𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑖𝑡𝑦

= 60 𝑚𝑔/𝑠𝑒𝑐

𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑦𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚 𝑎𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑡𝑜 𝑏𝑒 𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟, 𝑎𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔
𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑖𝑠 𝑙𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑛 𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔
ENVE 321: Measurements 1 Name_________________________________
th
Homework #2 Due October 12 , 2021 by 11 am (scanned and uploaded to canvas)

Question 7. Calculate the iron loading (mg/sec) leaving box 1 and the iron loading leaving box
4. You should have two answers; in other words, a loading for box 1 and a loading for box 2. (1
point)
𝑚𝑔
𝑖𝑟𝑜𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐. 𝑎𝑡 𝑏𝑜𝑥 1 = 1.63
𝑙
𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑏𝑜𝑥 1 = 0.1490 𝑐𝑓𝑠
4.22𝐿
=
𝑠
𝑖𝑟𝑜𝑛 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑎𝑡 𝑏𝑜𝑥 1
𝑙 𝑚𝑔
= 4.22 𝑥 1.63
𝑠 𝑙
= 6.9 𝑚𝑔/𝑠𝑒𝑐

𝑚𝑔
𝑖𝑟𝑜𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐 𝑎𝑡 𝑏𝑜𝑥 2 = 1.38
𝑙
𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑎𝑡 𝑏𝑜𝑥 = 0.0832 𝑐𝑓𝑠
𝐿
= 2.35
𝑠
𝑖𝑟𝑜𝑛 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑎𝑡 𝑏𝑜𝑥 2
𝑙 𝑚𝑔
= 2.35 𝑥 1.38
𝑠 𝑙
= 3.243 𝑚𝑔/𝑠𝑒𝑐
ENVE 321: Measurements 1 Name_________________________________
th
Homework #2 Due October 12 , 2021 by 11 am (scanned and uploaded to canvas)

Question 8. Calculate the iron loading (mg/sec) leaving limestone bed 1 and limestone bed 2. You should
have two answers; in other words, a loading for bed 1 and a loading for bed 2. Hint: For bed 2, the
loading would be Fe measured at box 5 times the flowrate at box 5 plus the Fe measured at box 6 times
the flowrate at box 6. (1 point)

𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝑏𝑒𝑑 1 ( 𝑏𝑜𝑥 2)

𝑖𝑟𝑜𝑛 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 = 3.24 𝑚𝑔/𝑠𝑒𝑐
𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝑏𝑒𝑑 2
𝑚𝑔 𝑙 𝑚𝑔 𝑙
𝑖𝑟𝑜𝑛 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑𝑛𝑔 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 = (0.19 + 2.35 ) + (0.05 𝑥 2.01 )
𝑙 𝑠 𝑙 𝑠
= (0.4465 + 0.1005)

= 0.547 𝑚𝑔/𝑠𝑒𝑐

Question 9. Calculate the iron loading (mg/sec) leaving sed basin 1 and sed basin 2. You should have two
answers; in other words, a loading for sed basin 1 and a loading for sed basin 2. (1 point)
𝑠𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛 1
𝑚𝑔
𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐 = 1.35
𝑙
𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 = 0.09 𝑐𝑓𝑠
𝐿
= 2.55
𝑆
𝑙 𝑚𝑔
𝑖𝑟𝑜𝑛 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 = 2.55 𝑥 1.35
𝑠 𝑙
= 3.44 𝑚𝑔/𝑠𝑒𝑐

𝑠𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛 2 (𝑏𝑜𝑥7)

𝑚𝑔
𝑖𝑟𝑜𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐 = 0.09
𝑙
𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 = 0.0727 𝑐𝑓𝑠
𝐿
= 2.06
𝑠
𝑖𝑟𝑜𝑛 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒
𝐿 𝑚𝑔
= 2.06 𝑥 0.09
𝑠 𝑙
= 0.1854 𝑚𝑔/𝑠𝑒𝑐
ENVE 321: Measurements 1 Name_________________________________
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Homework #2 Due October 12 , 2021 by 11 am (scanned and uploaded to canvas)

Question 10. Calculating iron removal efficiency throughout the system. Compete question 10a
through 10d
10a. Calculate the iron load removed from the influent to the effluent of limestone bed 1.
Hint: Use your loadings calculated for box 1 and the effluent from the limestone bed 1
(i.e., Box 2). (1 point)

𝑖𝑟𝑜𝑛 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 𝑟𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑑

𝑚𝑔
= (6.9 − 3.243)
𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑
= 3.657 𝑚𝑔/𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑

3.657
𝑖𝑟𝑜𝑛 𝑟𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑣𝑎𝑙 𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦 = 𝑥100 = 53%
6.9

10b. Calculate iron load removed from the effluent of limestone bed 1 (i.e., Box 2) to the
sed basin 1 effluent (i.e., Box 3). Hint: This calculation should use the loading from the
limestone bed effluent and loading from the sed basin 1. (1 point)
𝑖𝑟𝑜𝑛 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 𝑟𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑑
𝑚𝑔
= (3.44 − 3.243)
𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑
= 0.197 𝑚𝑔/𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑

0.197
𝑖𝑟𝑜𝑛 𝑟𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑣𝑎𝑙 𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦 = 𝑥100 = 5.7%
3.44
ENVE 321: Measurements 1 Name_________________________________
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Homework #2 Due October 12 , 2021 by 11 am (scanned and uploaded to canvas)

10c. Calculate the iron load removed from the influent (i.e., Box 4) to the effluent of
limestone bed 2 (i.e., Box 5 plus Box 6). Hint: Use loadings calculated for box 4 and the
effluent from the limestone bed 2 (loading from bed 2 would be Fe measured at box 5
times the flowrate at box 5 plus the Fe measured at box 6 times the flowrate at box 6). (1
point)
𝐶𝑜𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑑 ( 𝑏𝑜𝑥 4)
𝑚𝑔
𝑖𝑟𝑜𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 1.39
𝑙
𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 = 0.0978 𝑐𝑓𝑠
𝑙
= 2.77
𝑠
𝑙 𝑚𝑔
𝑖𝑟𝑜𝑛 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 2.77 𝑥 1.39
𝑠 𝑙
𝑚𝑔
= 3.85
𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑
𝐼𝑅𝑂𝑁 𝐿𝑂𝐴𝐷𝐼𝑁𝐺 𝑅𝐴𝑇𝐸 𝐹𝑅𝑂𝑀 𝐿𝐼𝑀𝐸𝑆𝑇𝑂𝑁𝐸 𝐵𝐸𝐷 2
𝑚𝑔
= 0.547
𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑
𝑚𝑔
𝐼𝑟𝑜𝑛 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 𝑟𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑣𝑎𝑙 → (3.85 − 0.547)
𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑
𝑚𝑔
= 3.3
𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑
3.3
𝑖𝑟𝑜𝑛 𝑟𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑣𝑎𝑙 𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦 = 𝑥100 → 85.7%
3.85

10d. Calculate iron load removed from the effluent of limestone bed 2 (i.e., Box 5 plus
Box 6) to the sed basin 2 effluent (i.e., Box 7). Hint: This calculation should use the
loading from the limestone bed 2 and loading from the sed basin 2. (1 point)
𝑖𝑟𝑜𝑛 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 𝑟𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑑
𝑚𝑔
= (0.547 − 0.1854)
𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑
𝑚𝑔
= 0.3886
𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑
0.3886
𝑖𝑟𝑜𝑛 𝑟𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑣𝑎𝑙 𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦 = 𝑥100 → 67.6%
0.547
ENVE 321: Measurements 1 Name_________________________________
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Homework #2 Due October 12 , 2021 by 11 am (scanned and uploaded to canvas)

Question 11. Create a nice bar chart that shows iron removal throughout the system. (4 point)

Question 12. Create a scatter plot or bar chart (you pick) that shows alkalinity and pH
throughout the system. Put pH on the primary axis and alkalinity on the secondary axis. (4 point)

Question 13. Some general questions below to answer that will also help in the
results/discussion section of your lab report:
13a. Explain why the alkalinity for Box 5 and 6 could be so different? This is an
important observation from your data. (2 points)
ENVE 321: Measurements 1 Name_________________________________
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Homework #2 Due October 12 , 2021 by 11 am (scanned and uploaded to canvas)

13b. Does it seem like any water is being lost or added throughout the system? Explain (2
points)

13c. (Bonus) Does it seem like the limestone is producing enough alkalinity for the size
of the limestone beds? How much alkalinity is common for a passive AMD treatment
system like this? Maybe see if you can dig into the literature to help support your
thoughts on this question. (+ 4 points possible; bonus)

13d. Design flaws / recommendations for how to improve treatment performance? (2

points)
ENVE 321: Measurements 1 Name_________________________________
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Homework #2 Due October 12 , 2021 by 11 am (scanned and uploaded to canvas)