LESSON PLANNING

by: Margie A. Nolasco

Lesson Plan

● it also provides the teacher with the opportunity to plan learning modules and strategies in advance, so that
the material in question will be covered effectively.
● A daily lesson plan is developed by a teacher to guide class instruction.
● The detail of the plan will vary depending on the preference of the teacher, subject being covered, and the
need and/or curiosity of children.
● it is the responsibility of the teacher to prepare the lesson plan in accordance with the guidelines and
regulations provided by the school system.

Developing a lesson plan

While there are many formats for a lesson plan, most lesson plans contain some or all of these elements, typically in
this order:
● Title of the lesson
● Time required to complete the lesson
● List of required materials
● List of objectives, which may be behavioral objectives (what the student can do at lesson completion) or
knowledge objectives (what the student knows at lesson completion)
● The set (or lead-in, or bridge-in) that focuses students on the lesson's skills or concepts—these include showing
pictures or models, asking leading questions, or reviewing previous lessons
● An instructional component that describes the sequence of events that make up the lesson, including the
teacher's instructional input and guided practice the students use to try new skills or work with new ideas

Parts of Lesson Plan

I. Objectives(layunin):
● Write precise and delineated goals for what you want your students to be able to accomplish after the
lesson is completed.
● Be Specific. Use numbers where appropriate.
● To define your lesson's objectives, consider the following questions:
● What will students accomplish during this lesson?
● To what specific level (i.e. 75% accuracy) will the students perform a given task in order for the lesson
to be considered satisfactorily accomplished?
● Exactly how will the students show that they understood and learned the goals of your lesson? Will this
occur through a worksheet, group work, presentation, illustration, etc?
● Make sure that the lesson's objective fits in with your district and/or state educational standards for
your grade level.

3 kinds of Objectives:
Cognitive: mental skills (Knowledge)
Affective: growth in feelings or emotional areas (Attitude)
Psychomotor: manual or physical skills (Skills)

II. Subject Matter(Paksang-Aralin):

A. Topic(Paksa):
B. References (Sanggunian):
C. Materials (Kagamitan): List all materials to be used by both the teacher and learner and how they will
be used.
D. Values (Pagpapahalaga):

III. Learning Activities/Procedure(Pamamaraan):

● describes the sequence of events that make up the lesson, including the teacher's instructional input
and guided practice the students use to try new skills or work with new ideas
● allows students to extend skills or knowledge on their own
IV. Evaluation (Pagtataya):
● a test for mastery of the instructed skills or concepts—such as a set of questions to answer or a set of
instructions to follow
● Purpose: to determine if the info taught has been learned (written, oral, performance, port., etc.)
 V. Assignment (Takdang Aralin):

Types of Assignments
The instructor must decide whether class assignments are whole-class, small groups, workshops, independent work,
peer learning, or contractual:
● Whole-class—the teacher lectures to the class as a whole and has the class collectively participate in
classroom discussions.
● Small groups—students work on assignments in groups of three or four.
● Workshops—students perform various tasks simultaneously. Workshop activities must be tailored to the
lesson plan.
● Independent work—students complete assignments individually.
● Peer learning—students work together, face to face, so they can learn from one another.
● Contractual work—teacher and student establish an agreement that the student must perform a certain
amount of work by a deadline.

TYPES OF LESSONS

DEVELOPMENT LESSON
● Is one in which something new is presented or developed
● Something the class did not know before

Type
● Formal –uses formal time tested method
● Informal- does not make use of a definite method with definite steps, Socratic or question-and-answer,
conversational method

Steps (informal)
1. Preparation-review facts or recall old experiences related to new lesson
2. Presentation-or development-questions and teaching aids, leading the class to discover something,
-Teacher makes the class aware of what is to be learned through clear perception of the object, facts
and events.
3. Application-apply the rule through in solving other exercises, recognize the fact in other situations

REVIEW LESSON
● New view of old facts in a broader setting.
● Renew study of the same subject matter or recall what has been taken up in the past and view this again from a
different perspective or point of view
Purpose:
● Retention of material learned
● Organization of materials and experiences
● Development of ability to evaluate material
● Supplementation of materials and experiences
● Foundation of further learning
● Diagnosis of pupil weakness
● Diagnosis of teacher weakness
● Development in interest in old materials
● Stimulation of original thinking and creativeness
● Tracing the core or man thought
● Reorganization of previously organized information into a new pattern.

Techniques
Time of review
● No definite time
● Given at the end of the unit to find out how much the pupils have learned, may be given before a test or an
examination to prepare the pupils or help them organize the subject matter.
Length of review
● Daily review- few minutes
● Unit review-whole period
● End of the year – 2 or three days
DRILL LESSON
● Automatization of certain facts, habits and skills
● Aim to fix association for permanency or to perfect a skill
● Activities that involve memorization
● Needed for mastery
Procedure
● Motivation
● Focalization
-focused on specific facts
● Repetition with attention
● Application

APPLICATION LESSON
● Lead pupils to express through actions, construction, or language what they think or feel
● Easy to see if pupils have learned, based on their ability to apply what they learned.
● Help pupils to understand better and retain longer what they have learned
Forms
● Dramatization
● Storytelling
● Oral reading
● Construction and drawing
● Written compositions
● Singing
● Test or examination
● Creative work
● Other forms- translation, solution of the problems and exercises
Technique
● Motivation
● Statement of the problem or task
● Necessity of information

SUPERVISED STUDY LESSON

● Teach children how to study a given subject effectively
● Directs the student in the use and mastery of the best technique of efficient study
Forms
● Individual supervised
● Group study
● Study with books, people, or things
● Double-period plan
● Divided period plan
● Daily-extra-period plan
● Library-study plan
● Flexible divided period
● Flexible supervised-study plan
● Study period
● Programmed instruction
● Science laboratories

APPRECIATION LESSON
● Emotions are caught not taught
● Lesson in values
● Lead the class to understand and enjoy something
● Developing right attitudes, ideals, and standards.
● Enjoy what is worthwhile in literature, music, nature, arts and etc.

Types
● Aesthetic appreciation
● Ethical-social appreciation
● Technical or intellectual appreciation

Procedure
I. Preliminary stage
 II. Lesson proper
a. Immediate preparation
b. The hour of appreciation
c. Intellectual discussion
d. Aesthetic discussion
e. Reproduction

English-Filipino Translation

Review Balik-aral Presentation Paglalahad

Discussion Pagtalakay Motivation Pagganyak

Unlocking of Difficulties Pag-aalis ng Sagabal Review Balik-aral

/Paghawan ng Balakid

Generalization Paglalahat/Pagbuo ng Application Paglalapat

kaisipan

Preparatory Activities Panimulang Gawain Developmental Activities Paglinang ng Gawain

Post Activity Pagwakas ng Gawain Motive Questions Pagganyak na Tanong

Enrichment Pagyayaman Practice Exercise Pagsasanay

Dialogue dayalogo Activities Gawain

Pre-reading Bago Bumasa During Reading Habang Bumabasa

Post-reading Pagkatapos Bumasa Reading Pagbasa

Writing Pagsulat