19ECS333: DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

L T P C
3 0 2 4

This course provides fundamental and practical knowledge on database concepts by means
of organizing the information, storing and retrieve the information in an efficient and a
flexible way from a well-structured relational model. This course ensures that every student
will gain experience in creating data models and database design.

Course Objectives
 Focus the role of a database management system in an organization.
 Demonstrate basic database concepts, including the structure and operation of the
relational data model.
 Introduce simple and moderately advanced database queries using Structured Query
Language (SQL).
 Explain and successfully apply logical database design principles, including E-R
diagrams and database normalization.
 Demonstrate the concept of a database transaction and related database facilities,
including concurrency control, and data object locking and protocols
.

UNIT I 8L+5P

Introduction to DBMS: Overview, File system vs DBMS, advantages of DBMS, storage

data, queries, transaction management, DBMS structure, people who work with Databases.
Data base Design: data models, the importance of data models.
E-R model: Entities, attributes and entity sets, relationship and relationship sets, mapping
cardinalities, keys, features of ER model, conceptual database design with ER model.
Learning Outcomes:
After completion of this unit, the student will be able to
 interpret the basic terminology of DBMS like data, database, database management
systems(L2)
 compare DBMS over File Systems(L2)
 define levels of abstraction with three tier architecture(L1)
 define the role of DBA and other users of DBMS(L1)
 model a given application using ER diagram(L3)

UNIT II 8L+5P

Relational model: Integrity constraints over relations and enforcement, querying relation
data, logical database design, views, destroying/altering tables and views.
Relational Algebra and Relational Calculus
Learning Outcomes:
After completion of this unit, the student will be able to
 match the integrity constraints from ER model to relational model(L1)
 translate an ER Model to Relational Model and vice versa(L2)
 compare the difference between views and physical tables and working with
views(L2)
 construct the given Query in Relational Algebra and Relational Calculus(L3)

UNIT III 8L+6P

Structured Query Language (SQL): Introduction to SQL, Basic SQL Queries: DML, DDL,
DCL, TCL, Select Commands, Union, Intersection, Except, Nested Queries, Aggregate
Operators, Null values, Relational set operators, SQL join operators
Database Application Development: SQL functions, procedural SQL, embedded SQL,
cursors, ODBC and JDBC, triggers and active database, designing active databases.
Learning Outcomes:
After completion of this unit, the student will be able to
 create and modify database using SQL query(L5)
 illustrate different types of query forms (simple queries, nested queries, and
aggregated queries) in SQL(L2)
 build Embedded SQL, cursors, triggers and active database using PL/SQL
programs(L3)
 develop knowledge about ODBC and JDBC connectivity to connect database(L3)

UNIT IV 8L+6P

Schema Refinement and Normal Forms: Schema Refinement, Functional Dependencies,

Reasoning about Functional Dependencies. Normal Forms, Properties of Decomposition,
Normalization, Different types of normal forms, different types of dependencies.

Learning Outcomes:
After completion of this unit, the student will be able to
 make use of about schema refinement process(L3)
 extend the concept of functional dependencies (FDs) and knows about anomalies(L2)
 illustrate knowledge about different types of normal forms and the importance of
normalization(L2)

UNIT V 10 L + 6 P

Transaction Management and Concurrency Control: Introduction to Transaction

Management, ACID properties, Transactions and Schedules, Concurrent Execution of
Transactions, Lock-Based Concurrency Control.
Concurrency Control: 2PL, Serializability and Recoverability, Introduction to Lock
Management, Lock Conversions, Dealing with Deadlocks, Specialized Locking Techniques,
Concurrency control without locking,
Crash Recovery: Aries, Recovering from a System Crash, Media recovery.

Learning Outcomes:
After completion of this unit, the student will be able to
 interpret the overview of transaction management in DBMS(L2)
 explain the importance of concurrency and concurrency control mechanisms(L2)
 develop knowledge about concurrency control with and without locks(L3)
 identify different types of crashes in DBMS(L3)
 apply crash recovery techniques to recover from DBMS crashes (L3

Text Book(s):
Raghu Ramakrishnan and Johannes Gehrke, Database Management Systems, McGraw-Hill,
3e, 2014.

References
1. H.F.Korth and A.silberschatz, Database System Concepts, McGraw-Hill, 6e, 2011.
2. RamezElmasri, Shamkant B. Navathe, Fundamentals of Database Systems, Pearson
Education,
7e, 2016.
3. Elmasri, Navathe, Somayajulu,Gupta, Fundamentals of Database Systems, Pearson
Education, 6e, 2010.

DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS LABORATORY

List of Practical Experiments:

(Apendix-1)

1. (a) Develop a sample ER model for the specified database.

(b) Implementation of DDL, DML, TCL and DRL commands
(a) Create (b) alter (c)drop (d) rename (e) truncate (f) Insert
(g) Select (h) Update (i)Delete (j) commit (k) rollback
(l)save point (m) Like'%' (n)grant (o) revoke (p)relational operators.
2. Creating an Employee database to set various constraints.
(a) Primary key (e) Null, (i) Disable Constraints
(b)Foreign Key (f) Not null (j) Drop Constraints
 (c) Check (g) Default
(d) Unique (h) Enable Constraints
3. Write PL/SQL statements for the following queries on EMPLOYEE table with following
schema.
(Emp_no, E_name, E_address, E_ph_no, Dept_no, Dept_name,Job_id, Designation ,
Salary)
a. List the E_no, E_name, Salary of all employees working for MANAGER.
b. Display all the details of the employee whose salary is more than the Sal of any IT
PROFF.
c. List the employees in the ascending order of Designations of those joined after
1981.
d. List the employees along with their Experience and Daily Salary.
e. List the employees who are either ‘CLERK’ or ‘ANALYST’.
f. List the employees who joined on 1-MAY-81, 3-DEC-81, 17-DEC-81,19-JAN-80.
g. List the employees who are working for the Dept no 10 or 20.
h. List the Enames those are starting with ‘S’.
i. Display the name as well as the first five characters of name(s) starting with ‘H’
j. List all the employees except ‘PRESIDENT’ & ‘MGR” in as order of Salaries.

4. Creating Views, grouping functions and performing joins.

5. Lab Practice Assignment:
a. Create user and implement the following commands on relation (Emp and Dept).
b. Develop a query to grant all privileges of employees table into departments table.
c. Develop a query to grant some privileges of employees table into departments
table.
d. Develop a query to revoke all privileges of employees table from departments
table.
e. Develop a query to revoke some privileges of employees table from departments
table.4. Use of different of operators for nested sub-queries.
6.Trigger:
a. To write a Trigger to pop-up the DML operations.
b. To write a Trigger to check the age valid or not Using Message Alert.
c. Create a Trigger for Raise appropriate error code and error message.
d. Create a Trigger for a table it will update another table while inserting values.
7. Checking normalization for database tables and use of cursors.

8. Mini Projects.
Labs include a number of different database and PHP projects for application development
using Oracle/MySQLand PL/SQL. Projects are taken from the following list of Case studies
(Appendix – CASE STUDY)
Appendix -1 : Sample Case Studies:
a) Inventory Control System.
b) Material Requirement Processing.
c) Hospital Management System.
d) Railway Reservation System.
e) Personal Information System.
f) Web Based User Identification System.
g) Timetable Management System.
h) Hotel Management System.

References
1. Satish Asnani, Oracle Database 11g, Hands-on SQL and PL/SQL, 2010.
2. James, Paul and Weinberg, Andy Oppel, SQL: The Complete References, 3/e, Tata
McGraw -Hill, 2011.
3. Michael McLaughlin, Oracle Database 11g PL/SQL Programming, Oracle Press, 2001.

Course Outcomes
After completion of the course, the student will be able to
 understand and evaluate the role of database management systems in an organization(L2)
 explain and apply logical database design principles, including E-R diagrams and
database normalization(L3)
 understand and use of database queries using Structured Query Language (SQL).(L2)
 demonstrate the concept of a database transaction and related database facilities,
including concurrency control, and data object locking and protocols.(L2)
 design and develop a small database project using database tool(L6)