Legal Mandates r/t Nutrition and Diet Therapy and promote the right to health of the

A. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) general public.

B. Health Insurance Portability and
Accountability (HIPAA) Vision
C. National Nutrition Council of the  The Food and Drug Administration to be
Philippines (NNCP) an internationally recognized center of
excellence in health product regulation
Ethico-moral principles r/t cultural and spiritual by 2026.
preferences
A. Nutritional Genomics Goals
B. Nutritional Support and End-of-Life  To protect and promote the right to
decision making health of the Filipino people by ensuring
C. Social, Political and Economic Issues and the safety, efficacy, quality, and purity
Concerns affecting Nutrition Care of foods, drugs, devices, and cosmetics,
and
Laws:  To establish and maintain and effective
 RA 9502, or The Universally Accessible health products regulatory system
Cheaper and Quality Medicine Act of responsive to the country’s health
2008 needs and problems.
 RA 6675, or The Generics Act of 1988
 RA 5921, or The Pharmacy Law
 RA 7394, or The Consumer Act of the
Philippines
 RA 7581/10623, or The Price Act
 RA 10611, or The Food Safety Act of
2013
 RA 8172, or The ASIN Law,
 RA 8203, or The Special Law on
Counterfeit Drug
 RA 8976, or The Food Fortification Law
 RA 9165, or The Comprehensive
Dangerous Drugs Act
 RA 9257, or The Expanded Senior
Citizens Act of 2003
 PD No. 881, or The Household
Hazardous Act
 EO No. 51, or The Milk Code of the
Philippines
 RA 10354, or The Responsible National Nutrition Council
Parenthood and Reproductive Health  The NNC, as mandated by law, is the
Bill of 2012 countries highest policy making and
 PD 856, or The Code of Sanitation of the coordinating body on nutrition.
Philippines
The NNC Logo
Mission  Improving the nutrition situation in
 To guarantee the safety, quality, purity, cannot be achieved by spoon feeding
efficacy of products in order to protect
 alone nor by the generosity of a single
sector’s spoon.
 It requires collaboration in creating and
re-creating ideas; seeking unity and
totality of approach toward nutritional
adequacy for all Filipinos.
Functions:
 Formulate national food and nutrition
policies and strategies;
 Coordinate planning, monitoring, and
evaluation
 Strengths and competencies and
capabilities of stakeholders
 Coordinate the release of funds, loans,
and grants from government
organizations (GOs) and non-
government organizations (NGOs); and
 Call on any department, bureau, office,
agency and other instrumentalities of
the government
Composition
 The council is composed of a governing
board and secretariat. The governing
board is the policymaking body of the
NNC and is composed of the:
- Secretary of Health Chairperson
- Secretary of Agriculture, Vice-chair
- Secretary of the Interior and Local
Government, Vice-chair
- Secretary of Budget and Management
- Secretary of Education
- Secretary of Labor and Employment
- Secretary of Science and Technology
- Secretary of Social Welfare and
Development
- Secretary of Trade and Industry
- Director-General, National Economic
and Development Authority
Vision and Mission
 NNC is the authority in ensuring the
nutritional well-being of all Filipinos,
recognized locally and globally, and led
by a team of competent and committed
public servants.
 To orchestrate efforts of government,
private sector, international
organizations and other stakeholders at
all levels, in addressing hunger and
malnutrition are Filipinos through:
 policy and program formulation
and coordination;
 Capacity development;
 Promotion of good nutrition;
 Nutrition surveillance;
 Resource generation and
mobilization
 Advocacy; and
 Partnership and alliance
building
Core Values:
 Integrity
- we conduct our work and relate with
our various stakeholders and partners
with deep sense of honesty and
openness.
 Zeal
- we serve with enthusiasm and
dedication characterized by versatility
and dynamism, discipline and strict
adherence to work ethics.
 Excellence
- we provide high-quality and timely
service characterized by unified,
innovative and competent
performance.
 Sensitivity
- we respond to the needs of our
employees and various public with love
and respect and recognize the value
contribution of each member of the
organization.
  Transparency
- we conduct our business with openness
and truthfulness with strict adherence
to existing laws, rules, regulations of
government and the principles of good
governance
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability
Act of 1996 (HIPAA)
- is a federal law that required the
creation of national standards to
protect sensitive patient health
information from being disclosed
without the patient’s consent or
knowledge.
- Consist of three major components:
 The HIPAA Privacy rules
 Security rules
 Breach Notification rules
Ethico-Legal Principles in Nutrition and
Dietetics
Factors that influences decisions and
actions/behaviors:
 Values composed of beliefs (based on
faith then facts and attitudes)
(acceptance, compassion, openness)
 Ethics refers to:
1. A method of inquiry that helps
people to understand morality of
human behavior.
2. The practices of beliefs of a certain
group
3. The expected standards of moral
behavior of a particular group as
described in the groups formal code
of professional ethics.
Non-Maleficence
- “Do no harm” constitute the ethical
legal fabric of legal determination
encompassing negligence and
malpractice.
- The most common causes of
malpractice. Failure to
1. Follow standards of care
2. Use equipment in a responsible manner
3. Communicate
4. Document
5. Assess and monitor
6. Client advocate
7. Delegate tasks properly
Autonomy
- derived from the Greek word auto (self)
and no moss (law) and refers to the
right of self determination.
Beneficence
- means “doing good” for the benefit of
others.
Justice
- speaks to the fairness and equal
distribution of goods and services.
- Decision making for the fair distribution
of the following criteria: To each
1. An equal share
2. According to need
3. According to effort
4. According to merit
5. According to ability to pay
Principles and Standards
1. Competence and professional
development in Practice (Non-
maleficence)
Nutrition and dietetics practitioners
shall:
a) Practice using an evidence-based
approach within areas of competence,
continuously develop and enhance
expertise, and recognize limitations.
b) Demonstrate in-depth scientific
knowledge of food, human nutrition
and behavior.
c) Assess the validity and applicability of
scientific evidence without personal
bias.
d) Enter bread, apply, participate in and/or
generate research to enhance practice,
innovation, and discovery.
e) Make evidence-based practice
decisions, taking into account the
unique values and circumstances of the
patient/client and community, in
combination with the practitioners
expertise and judgment.
f) Recognize an exercise professional
judgment within the limits of individual
qualifications and collaborate with
others, seek counsel, and make
referrals as appropriate.
g) Act in a caring and respectful manner,
mindful of individual differences,
cultural, and ethnic diversity.
h) Practice within the limits of their scope
and collaborate with the inter-
professional team.
2. Integrity and personal and
organizational behaviors and practices
(Autonomy)
a) Disclose any conflicts of interest,
including any financial interests in
products or services that are
recommended. Refrain from excepting
gifts or services which potentially
influence or which may give the
appearance of influencing professional
judgment.
b) Comply with all applicable laws and
regulations, including
obtaining/maintaining a state license or
certification if engaged in practice
governed by nutrition and dietetics
statutes.
c) Maintain and appropriately use
credentials.
d) Respect intellectual property rights,
including citation and recognition of the
ideas and work of others, regardless of
the medium (e.g., written, oral,
electronic).
e) Provide accurate and truthful
information in all communications.
f) Report inappropriate behavior or
treatment of a patient/client by another
nutrition and dietetics practitioner or
other professionals.
g) Document, code and bill most
accurately reflect the character and
expense of delivered services.
3. Professionalism (Beneficence)
Nutrition and dietetics practitioner
shall:
a) participate in and contribute to
decisions that affect the well-being of
patients/clients
b) Respect the values, rights, knowledge,
and skills of colleagues and other
professionals.
c) Demonstrate respect, constructive
dialogue, civility and professionalism in
all communications, including social
media.
d) Refrain from communicating false,
fraudulent, deceptive, misleading,
disparaging or unfair statements or
claims.
e) Uphold professional boundaries and
refrain from romantic relationships with
any patients/clients, Sara gates,
supervises, our students.
f) Refrain from verbal/physical/
emotional/sexual harassment.
g) Provide objective evaluation of
performance for employees, coworkers,
and students and candidates for
employment, professional association
memberships, awards, or scholarships,
making all reasonable efforts to avoid
bias in the professional evaluation of
others.
h) Communicate at an appropriate level to
promote health literacy.
i) Contribute to the advancement and
competence of others, including
colleagues, students, and the public.
 4. Social responsibility for local, regional,
national, global nutrition and well-
being (Justice)
Nutrition and dietetics practitioners shall:
a) Collaborate with others to reduce
health disparities and protect human
rights.
b) Promote fairness and objectivity with
fair and equitable treatment.
c) Contribute time and expertise to
activities that promote respect,
integrity, and competence of the
profession.
d) Promote the unique role of nutrition
and dietetics practitioners
e) Engage in service that benefits the
community and enhance the public’s
trust in the profession.
f) Seek leadership opportunities in
professional, community, and service
organizations to enhance health and
attritional status while protecting the
public.
Confidential reference to privileged information
or to a social contract or covenant in legal
terms.
Veracity is truth telling, is closely linked to
information decision making an informed
consent.
The following explanation of the four elements
making up an informed consent vital for patient
education:
1. Competence
2. Disclosure of information
3. Comprehension
4. Voluntariness
Step 1
State an ethical dilemma
Identify components of potential ethical
dilemma
 Is it an ethical issue, or a
 Communication problem, or a
 Practitioner patient issue, or a
 Legal matter
 What are the facts of the situation?
 Objectively identify the issue
 Who are key participants
 Identify our perceptions/value
 What further information is needed
Step 2
Connect ethical theory to the dilemma in
practice
Employ four key principles of ethical theory:
 Autonomy
 Non-maleficence
 Beneficence
 Justice
Step 3
Apply the academy/CDR code to the issue and
your ethical decision-making
There are four principles of the current
Academy/CDR Code of Ethics:
 Competence and professional
development in practice
 Integrity in personal and organizational
behaviors and practices
 Professionalism
 Social responsibility for local, regional,
national, global nutritional and well-
being
Step 4
Select the best alternative and justify your
decision
Identify possible alternatives to resolve the
dilemma, considering:
 Cultural influences affecting your
decision-making process
 How alternative solutions track with
your values and your institution’s values
 Your confidence in and ability to defend
the ultimate decision?
 Whether the decision aligns with the
Academy/CDR Code of Ethics and/or
the SOPs/SOPPs
 How the decision might affect others
and whether they will support it
 Make a final decision
Step 5
Develop strategies to successfully implement
the chosen decision
Strategies to successfully implement the chosen
resolution
 Seek additional knowledge to clarify or
contextualize the situation as needed
 Implement chosen resolution

Step 6
Evaluate the outcomes and how to prevent a
similar occurrence
 Monitor outcomes, ensuring intended
outcome(s) are achieved.
 What are the strategies to prevent a
similar issue in the future?

Hospice Care
Hospice care can help with end-of-life nutrition

5 Ways:
1. Education on religious, ethical and legal
concerns
2. Reduce effects of dehydration
3. Ensure comfort
4. Making critical decisions
5. Working with families through all
stages.

“Good nutrition creates health in all areas of

our existence. All parts are interconnected.”
- T. Collin Campbell