Design of Microstrip Diplexer with Wide Band- stop

Xinwei Chen Wenmei Zhang and Chunhui Yao

(College of Physics and Electronics, Shanxi University, Shanxi, 030006)

Abstract: This paper introduces a three-port microstrip way the structure is split into two resonators with same
diplexer. The diplexer is made up of two band-pass filters based resonant frequency and symmetrical with the gap. The two
on symmetric microstrip electromagnetic band gap (EBG) Band-pass filters have the same stopband with the resonators.
structure and two 1/4 X micro-strips ( X is the guiding wavelength When the EBG structure has wider stopband, the harmonic
at the resonant frequency of every filter.) The result of can fall into the upper stop-band. Furthermore, it is very
simulation shows that the micro-strip diplexer has excellent compact because of the low-wave characteristics of the EBG
performances of lower insertion loss and higher suppression structure. Also, there is only a gap in the proposed filter,
band-stop. Also, the second harmonic falls into the which is helpful for reducing insertion loss and increasing the
stopband and can be suppressed directly. suppression of the stop-band.
Keyword: diplexer, EBG, low insertion loss, high suppression
The equivalent circuit of realized filter is shown in Fig. 2.
band-stop
In Fig. 2, Y, the load resistance of unloaded lossless line, is
I. INTRODUCTION determined by the operating frequency and the filter cell size.
Diplexers are three ports devices that take two or more Zo1, PI and p are the characteristic impedance, propagation
constant, and the length of the unloaded lossless line,
frequencies into one input port and separate them to two
respectively. According to the Ref [6], BA and BB ,the
output ports. They are commonly used behind wide-band or
equivalent admittance of Ca, and Cb , are
multi-frequency antennas in transceiver applications.
Diplexers became widely studied in the early 1960's by BA +(Ba /Y) /tan(TzS ,i,)
/tan(TzS />U) (Ba /YO)
Matthaei et al. [1], [2] and Wendel[3]. They studied
11+2(Bb/ YO)+(Ba /YO) tan(TSgl)y B (2)
microstrip diplexers that used bandpass/band-stop 2 1 /tan(zS /igl) -2(Bb /YO) (Ba /YO) 2
configurations as well as waveguide diplexers. In Reference
[4-5], EBG structure is used to suppress the spurious bandpass 4h zTs
4h )YO
B = - ln ch( (3)
at high harmonics. However, the structure etched in the
a 2Agl
ground will bring the packaging problem and realization in
MMIC is still very difficult. B
b A ln cth( Ts)YO
4h (4)
The diplexer presented in this paper used two band-pass gl
filters based on the symmetric microstrip EBG structure to
Here, Y0 and Ag1 are the characteristic impedance and the
realize low insertion loss and compact size. The simulated
guiding wavelength of microstrip respectively, which are both
result shows that the diplexer designed in the paper has
at two sides of the gap, and S is the width of the gap.
excellent performances of low insertion loss and high
The dimension of the designed filter is h=0.25mm,
suppression band-stop.
11=0.53mm, 12=0.24mm, 13=0.44mm, p=0.85mm. Theused
II. HARMONIC SUPPRESSION BAND-PASS FILTER substrate is Gallium-arsenide with a dielectric constant (Cr) of
12.6 and thickness (h) of 0.25mm.
The microstrip EBG structure is used to design the filter
Measured and simulated results are shown in Fig. 3. It can
of this paper. The realized filter and the cell are shown in
be seen that the basic agreement between measurement and
Fig. 1. A gap is introduced at the center of a horizontally and
simulation is achieved.
vertically symmetrical EBG structure with three cells. In this
 m

U0CN

{13
10 20 30 40
Frequncy (GHz)

Ia
I
.1 I

LA--
n~

Fig. 1 the realized filter and the cell

Fig. 3 measured and simulated S-Parameter (S21, Sll)

Fig. 2 the equivalent circuit of realized filter
The resonant frequency of realized filter is 11.7GHz, the
passband loss is 1.5dB, 3-dB bandwidth is from 11.2GHz to
11.7GHz and the stop-band rejection is more than 45-dB.
III. DIPLEXER
The designed diplexer is shown in Fig. 4. Port 1 is used
to be an input port and connected with antenna, while port 2,3
are two output ports and connected to transmitting circuit and
receiving circuit respectively.
The two bandpass filters are designed for the center
frequency of 11 GHz (denoted as filter I) and 12GHz (denoted
as filter II) respectively. The length of the junction is
optimized such that each filter in the diplexer should look like
to simulate the S-parameter. The cell dimension of filter I is
11=0.53mm, 12=0.29mm, 13=0.44mm, p=0.85mm; the cell
dimension of filter II is 11=0.53mm, 12=0.24mm, 13=0.44mm,
p= 1.15mm
The results of simulated S-Parameter of diplexer are
shown in Fig. 5. It can be seen when the signals, including
11 GHz and 12GHz, are inputted from port 1, port 2 can obtain
the signal of 11GHz, and port 3 can obtain the signal of
12GHz. The isolation between port 2 and 3 is better than
20dB.
The insertion loss is 1.7 dB at 11 GHz and 3 dB at 12
GHz in band-pass, and the insertion loss is more than 50dB in
band-stop. The return loss is more than 20 dB at the two
frequencies. Also, the second harmonic falls into the
stopband and can be suppressed directly.
Port 1

an open circuit to the other filter at its center frequency.

Every filter connects 1/4X microstrip line (X is the guiding Port 2 'Port 3
wavelength at resonant frequency of every filter.) Port 1 is
linked up between of the two 1/4X microstrip lines. At the filter 1 filter 2
input and output ports of the diplexer, stepped impedance
transformers are added to improve the return loss at each port. Fig. 4 Layout of the designed diplexer
The full-wave simulator Ansoft Ensemble SV has been used.
 performances of low insertion loss and wider suppression
band-stop. Also, the second harmonic falls into the stopband
and can be suppressed directly. The diplexer can be used in
_
m
co
-10 _ the satellite communications system.

E
(u
(U
0-0
2 ACKNOLEDGMENT
This work was supported by Natural Science Foundation
-30L of Shanxi province (2006011029).
0 10 15 20 25
Frequency (GHz) REFERENCES
[1] G. Matthaei, L. Young, and E. M. T. Jones, Microwave Filters,
-10
Impedance-Matching Networks and Coupling Structures. New York:
-20
m McGraw-Hill, 1964.
co
-30
a) [2] G. Matthaei and E. G. Cristal, "Multiplexer channel-separating
a)
-40 unitsusing interdigital and parallel-coupled filters," IEEE Trans.
E
-50 MicrowaveTheory Tech., vol. MTT-13, pp. 328-334, May 1965.
-60 _ [3] R. J. Wendel, "Printed-circuit complementary filters for narrow

-70 bandwidth multi-plexers," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol.

-80
MTT-16, pp. 147-157, Mar. 1968.
0 5 10 15 20 25
[4] S. T. Chew and T. Itoh, PBG-Excited Split-Mode Resonator Bandpass
Frequency (GHz)
Filter, IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 11(2001),
Fig. 5 the results simulated S-Parameter (return loss, and insert loss)
364-366.
IV. CONCLUSION [5] R. Qiang; Y Y Wang; D. X. Chen, A novel microstrip bandpass filter
with two cascaded PBG structures, Antennas and Propagation Society,
In this paper, a new type of diplexer is presented. The
2001 IEEE International Sym., Vol.2, pp. 510 -513, 2001.
simulated data show that the micro-strip diplexer has excellent
[6] Wanchun Wu, Microwave solid state circuit design, Beijing, 1981.