COMMISSION HIGHER EDUCATION

SAMAR COLLEGES, INC.

Catbalogan City, Samar
SCTI DEPARTMENT

MODULE

IN

NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM 101

__________________________________________________

Midterm

____________________________
Name of Student

Prepared By:

GAGBO, RUTCHEL M.
SCTI – Instructor

Republic of the Philippines

SAMAR COLLEGES, INC.
Catbalogan City
Lungsod Catbalogan, Samar
Instructor : RUTCHEL M. GAGBO
Subject : NSTP 101
Course Discriptive Title : National Service Training Program

I. Course Discription

This is a 54-90 training hours per unit, a three-unit course that designed to
enhance the youth’s active contribution to the general welfare.
The CWTS is the program component or activities contributory to the general
welfare and the betterment of life for the members of the community or the enhancement of its
Facilities, especially those devoted to improving health, education, environment,
entrepreneurship, safety, recreation and moral of the citizenry and other social welfare services.

A. Objective
This module will provide the participants with sufficient working knowledge on the
Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction Management System, its legal basis institutional as well as
operational framework and program thrust.

B. Topic

Lesson No. Title of the Topic

Lesson No. 3 Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and management
System
Lesson No. 4

MODULE 3

Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and management System

A. Our challenge

 Disaster remain a major challenge to achieve a disaster- resilient and safer community in
the Philippine by 2015.
 Natural hazard abound: Typhoon, Flood, landslide, earthquake, s-tsunami, volcanic
eruption, drought etc.
 Climate change remains a potential risk to the country and poverty a vulnerability
condition prevails.
 Further, we can attribute increase risk to task growing population increasing population
densities, urbanization, environmental degradation and pollution.

B. Impacts of Disaster in the Philippines

From 1970-2009 the annual average direct to disaster ranged from, Php5 Billion to
Php15Billion and secondary impact further increase this cost. This cost of direct damage is
equivalent to more than 0.5% of the national GDP.

Flooding is the topmost disaster during the last five (5) years.

B.2 Disaster and Development

 On January 2005, a world conference on natural reduction Declaration was held in Rome
Japan.

C. Factors determining Disaster Risk

The different factors determining disaster risk in with under the hazard

1. Probability 2. Severity

Vulnerability Exposure

 Physical - Economic and Environment

 Social

Capacity Measures

 Physical Planning - Economic Capacity

 Social Capacity - Management/ Governance

D. Republic Act No. 10121

An Act strengthening the Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management System,
providing for the National Disaster Risk Reduction and management Framework and
institutionalizing the Disaster Risk Reduction Management Plan, appropriate funds therefore and
for other purposes.

The Act shifted the policy environment and the way the country deals with disasters from
mere response to preparedness. RA 10121 provides a comprehensive, all-hazard, multi-sectoral,
inter-agency, and community-based approach to disaster risk management through the
formulation of the National Disaster Risk Management Framework.

The law also promotes the development of capacities in disaster management at the individual,
organisational, and institutional levels. A very important feature of this law is its call for the
mainstreaming of disaster risk reduction in physical and land-use planning, budget,
infrastructure, education, health, environment, housing, and other sectors.

Four thematic areas of the Philippine Disaster Management System.

Thematic Area Description Vice Chairperson

Disaster Prevention and
Mitigation
Disaster Preparedness
Disaster Response
This pertains to the outright avoidance, Secretary of DOST
lessening, or limitation of adverse
impacts of hazards and related disasters.
This pertains to the knowledge and Secretary of DILG
capacities developed by governments,
professional response and recovery
organizations, communities and
individuals to effectively anticipate,
respond to, and recover from the impacts
of likely, imminent or current hazard
events or conditions.
This pertains to the provision of Secretary of DSWD
emergency services and public assistance
during or immediately after a disaster in
order to save lives, reduce health
impacts, ensure public safety, and meet
the basic subsistence needs of the people
 affected.

Disaster Rehabilitation This pertains to the measures that ensure Director General of
and Recovery the ability of affected areas to restore NEDA
their normal level of functioning by
rebuilding livelihood and damaged
infrastructures, and increasing the
organizational capacity of communities.

THE YOUTH’S ROLE IN DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT

Millions of children and youth usually represent more than one third of the victims
whenever disasters struck. Research have shown that youth trainings focusing on disaster
preparedness results in behavior changes, and that youth who are prepared are more confident
and empowered when an actual emergency occurs.

Thus, engaging youth in disaster risk management training and activities can increase
their awareness and knowledge on what to do and how to act when disasters occur, and may
decrease the number of both youth and adult victims and casualties.

Youth plays an important role in disaster risk reduction and management, and here are what
youth can do:

The youth has the energy to take immediate actions when emergencies occur.

When an actual disaster happen,  the youths are the most capable in taking immediate
action during emergencies because they have the energy to do it.

It was said in the same article that through the Be Red Cross Ready programme, these
youth volunteers are trained as community disaster educators, readying them to help others
prevent, prepare for and respond to emergencies.

The youths are incredibly resilient and creative.

Youths are incredibly resilient. They are able to cope up and

adapt to changes. This allows them to overcome difficulties in
their lives, including calamities and disasters, and adapt with
diverse range of people. The youths can also contribute ideas
and actions during disasters. By involving youth in disaster
planning and management, they will be better equipped to
respond appropriately and calmly when confronted with an
actual event.

The youth has the potential to become a better leader and

initiate plans.

Involving young people in disaster management can help them learn topics that affect their lives
while at the same time gaining hands-on experience designed to equip them become tomorrow
better leaders and initiate plans.

MODULE 4

Environmental Protection and management Introduction.

Environmental Protection and Management Act (No. 10 of 2019)

 This act seeks to ensure that decisions pertaining to the environment are made in an
integrated manner, in collaboration with appropriate authorities, non-governmental organizations
and other persons, provides for preventive and remedial measures for the control and mitigation
of all forms of environmental degradation or pollution,  and promotes and encourages among all
persons a better understanding and appreciation of the environment. The Act also regulates the
social relations with regard to collection of, and access to, environmental information and the
rights and the obligations of the State, the municipalities, the juristic and natural persons in
respect of environmental protection.

Environmental protection 
is the practice of protecting the natural environment by individuals, organizations and
governments. Its objectives are to conserve natural resources and the existing natural
environment and, where possible, to repair damage and reverse trends.
Due to the pressures of overconsumption, population growth and technology, the biophysical
environment is being degraded, sometimes permanently. This has been recognized, and
governments have begun placing restraints on activities that cause environmental degradation.
Since the 1960s, environmental movements have created more awareness of the
multiple environmental problems. There is disagreement on the extent of the environmental
impact of human activity, so protection measures are occasionally debated.

Approaches to environmental protection

Voluntary environmental agreements

In the industrial countries, voluntary environmental agreements often provide a platform for
companies to be recognized for moving beyond the minimum regulatory standards and thus
support the development of the best environmental practice. For instance, in India, Environment
Improvement Trust (EIT) has been working for environmental and forest protection since 1998.
A group of Green Volunteers gets a goal of Green India Clean India concept.
Ecosystems approach
An ecosystems approach to resource management and environmental protection aims to
consider the complex interrelationships of an entire ecosystem in decision making rather than
simply responding to specific issues and challenges. Ideally, the decision-making processes
under such an approach would be a collaborative approach to planning and decision making that
involves a broad range of stakeholders across all relevant governmental departments, as well as
industry representatives, environmental groups, and community. This approach ideally supports
a better exchange of information, development of conflict-resolution strategies and improved
regional conservation. Religions also play an important role in the conservation of the
environment.
The Seven Environmental Principles*
1. Everything is connected to everything else. (Ang lahat ng bagay ay magkakaugnay.)

The intricate relationships of various elements of the ecosystem bind the components
together into one functional unit. The trees in the forest are home to ferns, orchids, birds, insects
and mammals. When these plants and animals die, their products of decomposition contribute to
soil fertility. Plants provide oxygen to animals for aerobic respiration while animals furnish
carbon dioxide to plants for photosynthesis.

2. All forms of life are important.(Ang lahat na may buhay ay mahalaga.)

All living organisms were created for a purpose in relation to humans, other species on
earth and global ecosystem in general. Thus, when a species becomes extinct, it is like removing
a piece of a jigsaw puzzle from the web of life. The variety of life forms, manifested by the
different levels of biological diversity – community, species and genes – contributes to the
stability of the environment. Food webs, food chains and ecological relationships link plants and
animals together in the web of life

3. Everything must go somewhere. (Ang lahat ng bagay ay may patutunguhan.)

By-products of consumption go back to the environment. Everything that we throw away

– pieces of paper, left-over food, peelings of fruits, plastic wrappers, used containers – have to go
somewhere.

4. Ours is a finite earth. (Ang kalikasan ay may hangganan.)

Everything that we need is provided by nature in abundance – food, water, energy,

minerals and air. However, some resources that we depend upon nowadays are extracted
excessively but are slow to replace. These non-renewable resources experience limits of supply.
For instance, fossil fuels produced over thousands of years may be exhausted in a hundred years.
Some energy sources like water, and wood may be replaced easier but have become inaccessible
due to pollution and excessive extraction.

5. Nature knows best. (Ang kalikasan ang mas nakakaalam.)

Nature manifests certain processes that enable it to maintain balance and remain in a state
of equilibrium. The nutrient cycling of nitrogen, carbon, sulfur and phosphorous in the air, water
and land indicates that minerals are utilized within the confines of the earth.

6. Nature is beautiful and we are stewards of God’s creation. (Ang kalikasan ay maganda
at tayo ang tagapangasiwa ng lahat na nilikha ng Diyos.)

Creation presupposes the existence of a Creator. The beautiful nature around us, perfect
by itself, has deteriorated due to the negative impacts of human use. This principle suggests how
a Human-Creator relationship is translated in our attitude towards creation.

7. Everything changes. (Ang lahat ay nagbabago.)

Changes in the biophysical world occur naturally. As they say, there is nothing more
permanent in this world than change. Consider the following examples. Metamorphosis of
caterpillars to butterflies illustrates morphological changes that occur in living forms.

Activity 1. Vlog Making

Instruction: Compose 2 groups every section. And make a vlog regarding on the topic below.

1. The role of the youth in the environmental protection and management.

In your vlog, you’ll going to show or promote to the netizen the role of the youth in the
environmental protection and management. What is your platforms, activities that may promote
environmental protection. It must be 5 mins or more. Video editing is a must. Post it to our FB
page and put a caption on it.

2. Role of the youth in disaster preparedness and management

 Same as environmental protection, you’ll also going to promote the role of the youth in
the Disaster preparedness. What are you going to do if there is a disaster? What do you need to
prepare? How can you help to others?