11/24/2015

TB018
CYLINDER COMPRESSION TEST
OVERVIEW:
The compression test is the most common test when testing the cylinder’s ability to seal properly and to build compression. And also, to get a basic comparison between the
cylinders and to determine the overall condition of the combustion chamber.

TOOLS REQUIRED:

• Compression gauge with adaptor to fit the spark plug hole.
• Spark plug socket and ratchet.
• GR8 (if needed).
The battery must be fully charged (100%) or have the GR8 connected before performing compression test.

PREPARATION:
• Record the compression specifications from the procedure section of the Shop Manual.
• Warm the engine to operating temperature.
• Remove the Main Relay to disable the spark and fuel system.
This test should be performed in as short of a time as possible to ensure accurate results.

PROCEDURE:
1. Disconnect plug cables/ ignition coils (if coil-on-plug type) .
2. Remove the ignition coils (if coil on plug type) .
3. Using a spark plug socket and ratchet, remove all spark plugs from the engine.
4. Attach compression tester to the cylinder being measured (careful to avoid cross-threading tool).
5. Maintain the throttle fully open (prop open the throttle plate by inserting a piece of heater hose).
6. Crank the engine at least 4 revolutions on each cylinder.


7. Monitor the compression gauge and record the readings on each cylinder.
The engine must crank faster than 250 RPM for accurate test results.
8. Repeat steps 3 through 6 for each remaining cylinder.
9. Be sure to reset compression gauge after testing each cylinder.
10. Compare the compression readings against the specifications found in the Shop Manual for the vehicle being tested.
• If any of the compression readings are below specifications, proceed and perform a “Wet Compression Test” as
below.
• Squirt a small amount of motor oil into the affected cylinder(s).
• Repeat the compression test for each cylinder with low compression results.

*Refer to Service Information for vehicle specifications

RESULTS:
• If the compression readings improve, in one or more of the affected cylinders, then the piston rings and/or cylinder
walls are likely worn or damaged; go to Shop Manual and proceed with Engine Mechanical Inspection.
• If the compression remains the same on the low compression cylinder(s), a valve(s) may be sticking or not seating
properly, or leaking head gasket could be the cause; proceed and perform a “Cylinder Leak-Down Test”.

Properly document your results on the repair order as shown on the graph below.

COMPRESSION READINGS
CYLINDER No: 1 No: 2 No: 3 No: 4 No: 5 No: 6 No: 7 No: 8
DRY READING
WET READING

WHEN TO USE:
This procedure can be performed for the following conditions;
• Lack of power
• Misfire
• Excessive oil consumption
• Poor fuel economy

*Refer to Service Information for vehicle specifications