Chapter 4

Social, Political, Economic, and Cultural Issues in Philippine History

TOPICS
Evolution of the Philippine Constitution
Characteristics of Effective Presentations in Education
Using Presentation Aids

UTCOMES
e lesson, you should be able to:
municate with the various techniques and genres, historical analysis of a particular event or issue that could help others underst
mendations or solutions to present day problems based on their understanding of root causes and their anticipation of future sc
y to work in a multi-disciplinary team and contribute to a group endeavor.

TOPIC 1: Evolution of the Philippine Constitution

1897: Constitution of the Biak-na-Bato

The constitution of Biak-na-Bato was a provisionary constitution of the Philippine

republic during the Philippine revolution and was promulgated by the Philippine
revolutionary government on November 1,1897. The constitution is borrowed from
Cuba, was written by Isabelo Artacho and Felix Ferrer in Spanish, and later on translated
into tagalog.
The organs of the government under the constitution were:

 The supreme council- Was vested with the power of the republic headed by the
president, vice-president, and four department secretaries: interior, foreign
affairs, treasury and war.
  The consejo supremo de Gracia y Justicia (the supreme council of grace and
justice)- Was given the authority to make decisions and affirm or disprove the
sentences rendered by other courts and to dictate rules for administration of
justice.
 The asamblea de representantes (assembly of representatives)- Was to be
convened after the revolution to create new constitution and to elect a new
council of government and representatives of the people.
The Pact of Biak-na-Bato
Pedro Paterno volunteered to act as negotiator between Aguinaldo and Gov. Primo de
Rivera. The pact of Biak-na-Bato with Pedro Paterno and Emilio Aguinaldo order to end
the clashes. Paterno’s effort paid off when on, December 15 1897,he sign the pact as
the representative of the revolutionaries and de Rivera as the representative of the
Spanish government. Ceasefire was declared by both camps and an agreement between
Aguinaldo and the Spanish forces was made, that the Spanish government will grant
self-rule to the Philippines in 3 years if Aguinaldo went to exile and surrender his arms.
In exchange , Aguinaldo will receive P800,000 (Mexican pesos) as remuneration to the
revolutionaries and an amnesty. After receiving a partial payment P400,000, Aguinaldo
LEFT for hong kong on December 27,1897. some Filipino generals, however, did not
believed in the sincerity of the Spaniards. They refused to surrender their arms.

Classroom Discussion
 One quite informal kind of presentation for
which education majors typically prepare is the
classroom discussion presentation. These take place
after a lecture or a class activity. The speaker (the
leader of the discussion) begins the classroom with
two general guiding questions. He or she serves as a
guide for the discussion, connecting points and
directing the group to a new topic if necessary. While
the initial discussion presentation itself is only one to
two minutes in length, preparation is necessary. The
speaker should prepare at least twenty questions to
have on hand during the discussion. He or she should
also prepare an outline of critical points to be covered
during the discussion, and be prepared to offer
.com several examples for use during the discussion.

Task/Activity

Please insert your activity about this topic here using clear and specific instructions. If
possible, include the rubrics to be used.

TOPIC 2: CHARACTERISTICS OF EFFECTIVE PRESENTATIONS IN EDUCATION

*if possible, present your
topic using graphic
organizers like this one

Task/Activity

Please insert your activity about this topic here using clear and specific instructions. If
possible, include the rubrics to be used.

TOPIC 3: USING PRESENTATION AIDS

Presentation aids are any materials shown to or shared with the audience that
assist in illustrating or supporting the content of the presentation and adding interest and
excitement to it. They are useful in clarifying a difficult concept, presenting a complex
idea, or demonstrating a process the audience would have difficulty understanding.

Some PowerPoint Pointers

*if possible, present your
topic using graphic
organizers

*if possible, present your topic using graphic

Task/Activity organizers like this one
 Please insert your activity about this topic here using clear and specific instructions. If
possible, include the rubrics to be used.

ASSESSMENT: ORAL PRESENTATION

Your task for this lesson is to prepare and deliver a 10 to 15-minute oral
presentation in small groups (per working committee). The objectives of your
presentations are as follows:
▪ present relevant information on the chosen theme for class project
▪ report on the processes you have undergone in carrying out your collaborative
project (i.e. strategies for working committees, problems met and solutions
made)
▪ report on planning and budget utilization
▪ report on the response of the target audience
▪ describe and reflect on personal experiences in doing the project
▪ evaluate the overall performance of the class

nclude the rubrics to be used in the assessment

*i

REFERENCES
Roen, D., Glau, G., & Maid, B. (2010). The McGraw-Hill guide: Writing for college, writing
for life (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Companies Inc.
Solomon, E. & Shelley, J. (2006). Key concepts 1: Listening, note taking, and speaking
across the disciplines. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co.
Verdeber, K. & Verdeber, R. (2008). Communicate! (12th ed.). California: Thomson
Wadsworth.

Note: Please use the APA format

BOOKS
Author/s. (Year). Title of publication. Place of Publication: Publisher.

PERIODICALS
Author/s. (Month, Year). Title of publication. Place of Publication:
Publisher/Implementing Agency.

THESES/DISSERTATIONS
Author/s. (Year). “Title of Thesis/Dissertation”. M.S. Thesis/Ph.D. Dissertation, University.

ARTICLE
Author/s. (Year). Title of article/paper. In: Title of Proceedings, Place of Publication:
Publisher.

INTERNET SOURCES
Author/s. (Year). Title of article/paper. Retrieved (date), from url

(The reference page is the last part of the whole module, not in the end of each lesson)

Style Guide:
 Short bond
 Margin: Left=1.5 inches; Right=1 inch
 Calibri size 12
 Single-spaced
 Justified