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JUNE 2020

MDGF, Modified Differential Ground Fault

New feature for Emax 2 and New Tmax XT
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What is MDGF
Modified Differential Ground Fault

The challenge: Multi-sourced electrical system with a solidly grounded common neutral conductor
make ground fault protection very challenging. These systems are often found in double ended
substation and generation paralleling gear applications.

In these cases, it is not enough to use traditional zero sequence ground fault protection because it is
virtually impossible to isolate and identify the ground fault current.

The Emax 2 offers Modified Differential Ground Fault, or MDGF, protection to solve this paradigm.
The solution includes Emax 2’s Gext protection algorithm as well as some external hardware to
interconnect the system.

June 2020 Slide 2

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Wiring Schematic
L1 L2 L3 PEN L1 L2 L3 PEN
SOURCE SOURCE

X2 X2
AH2
AX2

X1 AX1 X1
AH1
External phase current
Ge- AH2 AH2 Ge-
TRIP UNIT AX2 AX2 transformer
TRIP UNIT
Ge+ Ge+
AX1 AX1
AH1 AH1 External summing
current transformer

X2

X1
Ge+
Ge-
TRIP UNIT
TRIP UNIT Emax 2 trip unit with
MDGF terminal

LOADS LOADS

June 2020 Slide 3

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MDGF
Shopping list

ABB External components

MDGF scheme is compatible with phase CTs and summing CTs supplied by
Amran (to be purchased separately)
Emax 2 or XT7 http://www.amranit.com/
With touch trip unit
Summing CTs

Terminal for MDGF

Two different versions available: fixed Phase CTs
and withdrawable breaker

CTs picture may not reflect actual product

June 2020 Slide 4

—
MGDF
Application cases
 Circuit Current
Action
Breaker Measured
— A 0 p.u. NO TRIP
MDGF
B 3 p.u. TRIP
C 3 p.u. TRIP but it is still OPEN
p.u. → per unit

1 2

1 2
1 3 1
3
1 2

3
3
0 3
A B
3
CLOSE 0
3
3 CLOSE
0 1
1 1 1 2

1
C
3
June 2020
Slide 6
OPEN
 Circuit Current
Action
Breaker Measured
— A 0 p.u. NO TRIP
MDGF
B 7 p.u. TRIP
C 7 p.u. TRIP
p.u. → per unit

4 3

4 3
5 1 2 1
7
4 3

7
7
0 7
A B
7
CLOSE 0
7
7 CLOSE
0 4
4 4 4 3
5

1
C
7
June 2020
Slide 7
CLOSE
 Circuit Current
Action
Breaker Measured
— A 4 p.u. TRIP but it is still OPEN
MDGF
B 0 p.u. NO TRIP
C 4 p.u. TRIP
p.u. → per unit

3 1

3 1
3 4 3
4
3 1

4
4 0 0
A B
4
OPEN 4
0
0 CLOSE
4 1
3 1 1 1

3
4 C
June 2020
Slide 8
CLOSE
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Documentation

Emax 2 IEC Catalogue Emax 2 UL catalogue Emax 2 Installation Manual

LINK LINK LINK

Instruction sheet MDGF terminal Application wiring diagram Phase CTs and Summing CTs
LINK LINK LINK

June 2020 Slide 9