SST Golden Sample PPR

2021
CBSE BOARD
SA MPLE PA PER
SOCIAL SCIENCE
2021
t CBSE SAMPLE PAPER AS PER THE LATEST CBSE
CBSE BOARD
SYLLABUS AND MARKING SCHEME
Sample Paper
t BASED ON NCERT COURSE STRUCTURE includes
Marking Scheme
t LAST 3 YEARS CBSE BOARD PAPERS FULLY
Issued by
SOLVED
CBSE
CLASS X
Contents
1.
Syllabus Social Science (Code 087) 2020–21
(Rationalised Curriculum) .... SST-3
2.
CBSE Sample Question Paper – 2020-21 with Marking Scheme .... SST-11
3.
Cbse Board Examination Paper – 2020 (Solved) .... SST-26
4.
5.
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syllabus
Social Science (Code No. 087)
(Rationalised Curriculum)
Class — X (2020–21)
Theory Paper
Time: 3 Hrs. Max. Marks: 80
No. Units No. of Periods Marks
I India and the Contemporary World – II 46 20
II Contemporary India – II 34 20
III Democratic Politics – II 27 20
IV Understanding Economic Development 44 20
Total 151 80
Course Content
Unit 1: India and the Contemporary World – II 46 Periods
Themes Learning Objectives

Section 1: Events and Processes
1. The Rise of Nationalism in Europe •• Enable the learners to identify and comprehend the forms
•• The French Revolution and the Idea of the Nation in which nationalism developed along with the formation
•• The Making of Nationalism in Europe of nation states in Europe in the post-1830 period.
•• The Age of Revolutions: 1830-1848 •• Establish the relationship and bring out the difference
between European nationalism and anti-colonial
•• The Making of Germany and Italy
nationalisms.
•• Visualizing the Nation
•• Understand the way the idea of nationalism emerged
•• Nationalism and Imperialism and led to the formation of nation states in Europe and
elsewhere.
2. Nationalism in India •• Recognize the characteristics of Indian nationalism
•• The First World War, Khilafat and Non - Cooperation through a case study of Non-Cooperation and Civil
•• Differing Strands within the Movement Disobedience Movement.
•• Towards Civil Disobedience •• Analyze the nature of the diverse social movements of
the time.
•• The Sense of Collective Belonging
•• Familiarize with the writings and ideals of different
political groups and individuals.
•• Appreciate the ideas promoting Pan Indian
belongingness.
Section 2: Livelihoods, Economies and Societies:
Note: Any one theme of the following. The theme selected
should be assessed in the Periodic Tests only and will not
be evaluated in Board Examination.
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3. The Making of a Global World •• Show that globalization has a long history and point to
•• The Pre-modern world the shifts within the process.
•• The Nineteenth Century (1815-1914) •• Analyze the implication of globalization for local
economies.
•• The Inter war Economy
•• Discuss how globalization is experienced differently by
•• Rebuilding a World Economy: The Post-War Era
different social groups.
4. The Age of Industrialization •• Familiarize with the Pro- to-Industrial phase and Early –
•• Before the Industrial Revolution factory system.
•• Hand Labour and Steam Power •• Familiarize with the process of industrialization and its
•• Industrialization in the colonies impact on labour class.
•• Factories Come Up •• Enable them to understand industrialization in the

colonies with reference to Textile industries.
•• The Peculiarities of Industrial Growth
•• Market for Goods
Unit 2: Contemporary – II 34 Periods

1. Resources and Development •• Understand the value of resources and the need for their
•• Types of Resources judicious utilization and conservation.
•• Development of Resources
•• Resource Planning in India
•• Land Resources
•• Land Utilization
•• Land Use Pattern in India
•• Land Degradation and Conservation Measures
•• Soil as a Resource
•• Classification of Soils
•• Soil Erosion and Soil Conservation
3. Water Resources •• Identify different dams in the country.
Note: The theoretical aspect of this chapter will not be
assessed in Periodic Tests and Board Examination. Only
Map Items as given in the Map List from this chapter will be
evaluated in Board Examination.
4. Agriculture •• Explain the importance of agriculture in national
•• Types of farming economy.
•• Cropping Pattern •• Identify various types of farming and discuss the various
•• Major Crops farming methods; describe the spatial distribution of
major crops as well as understand the relationship
•• Technological and Institutional Reforms
between rainfall regimes and cropping pattern.
•• Impact of Globalization on Agriculture
•• Explain various government policies for institutional as
well as technological reforms since independence.
5. Minerals •• Identify places of availability of different energy
Note: The theoretical aspect of this chapter will not be resources.
assessed in Periodic Tests and Board Examination. Only
Map items as given in map list from this chapter will be
evaluated in Board Examination.
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6. Manufacturing Industries •• Bring out the importance of industries in the national
•• Importance of manufacturing economy as well as understand the regional disparities
•• Contribution of Industry to National Economy which resulted due to concentration of industries in some
areas.
•• Industrial Location
•• Discuss the need for a planned industrial development
•• Classification of Industries
and debate over the role of government towards
•• Spatial distribution sustainable development.
•• Industrial pollution and environmental degradation
•• Control of Environmental Degradation
7. Life Lines of National Economy •• Explain the importance of transport and communication
•• Transport – Roadways, Railways, Pipelines, in the ever-shrinking world.
Waterways, Airways •• Understand the role of trade and tourism in the economic
•• Communication development of a country.
•• International Trade
•• Tourism as a Trade
Unit 3: Democratic Politics – II 27 Periods
1. Power Sharing •• Familiarize with the centrality of power sharing in a

•• Case Studies of Belgium and Sri Lanka democracy.
•• Why power sharing is desirable? •• Understand the working of spatial and social power
•• Forms of Power Sharing sharing mechanisms.
2. Federalism •• Analyse federal provisions and institutions.

•• What is Federalism? •• Explain decentralization in rural and urban areas.
•• What make India a Federal Country?
•• How is Federalism practiced?
•• Decentralization in India
6. Political Parties •• Analyse party systems in democracies.
•• Why do we need Political Parties? •• Introduction to major political parties, challenges faced
•• How many Parties should we have? by them and reforms in the country.
•• National Political Parties
•• State Parties
•• Challenges to Political Parties
•• How can Parties be reformed?
7. Outcomes of Democracy •• Evaluate the functioning of democracies in comparison
•• How do we assess democracy’s outcomes? to alternative forms of governments.
•• Accountable, responsive and legitimate government •• Understand the causes for continuation of democracy in
•• Economic growth and development India.
•• Reduction of inequality and poverty •• Distinguish between sources of strengths and
weaknesses of Indian democracy.
•• Accommodation of social diversity
•• Dignity and freedom of the citizens
6. Manufacturing Industries •• Bring out the importance of industries in the national
•• Importance of manufacturing economy as well as understand the regional disparities
•• Contribution of Industry to National Economy which resulted due to concentration of industries in some
areas.
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•• Industrial Location •• Discuss the need for a planned industrial development
•• Classification of Industries and debate over the role of government towards
•• Spatial distribution sustainable development.
•• Industrial pollution and environmental degradation
•• Control of Environmental Degradation
7. Life Lines of National Economy •• Explain the importance of transport and communication
•• Transport – Roadways, Railways, Pipelines, in the ever-shrinking world.
Waterways, Airways •• Understand the role of trade and tourism in the economic
•• Communication development of a country.
•• International Trade
•• Tourism as a Trade
Unit 4: Understanding Economic Development 44 Periods

1. Development •• Familiarize with concepts of macroeconomics.
•• What Development Promises - Different people •• Understand the rationale for overall human development
different goals in our country, which includes the rise of income,
•• Income and other goals improvements in health and education rather than
•• National Development income.
•• How to compare different countries or states? •• Understand the importance of quality of life and
sustainable development.
•• Income and other criteria
•• Public Facilities
•• Sustainability of development
2. Sectors of the Indian Economy •• Identify major employment generating sectors.
•• Sectors of Economic Activities •• Reason out the government investment in different
•• Comparing the three sectors sectors of economy.
•• Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Sectors in India
•• Division of sectors as organized and unorganized
•• Sectors in terms of ownership: Public and Private
Sectors
3. Money and Credit •• Understand money as an economic concept.
•• Money as a medium of exchange •• Understand the role of financial institutions from the
•• Modern forms of money point of view of day-today life.
•• Loan activities of Banks
•• Two different credit situations
•• Terms of credit
•• Formal sector credit in India
•• Self Help Groups for the Poor
4. Outcomes of Democracy •• Explain the working of the Global Economic phenomenon.
•• Production across countries
•• Interlinking production across countries
•• Foreign Trade and integration of markets
•• What is globalization?
•• Factors that have enabled Globalisation
•• World Trade Organisation
•• Impact of Globalization on India
•• The Struggle for a fair Globalization
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Project Work
05 Periods 05 Marks
1. Every student has to compulsorily undertake any one project on the following topics:
Consumer Awareness
OR
Social Issues
OR
Sustainable Development
2. Objective: The overall objective of the project work is to help students gain an insight and pragmatic understanding of the
theme and see all the Social Science disciplines from interdisciplinary perspective. It should also help in enhancing the Life
Skills of the students.

Students are expected to apply the Social Science concepts that they have learnt over the years in order to prepare the
project report.
If required, students may go out for collecting data and use different primary and secondary resources to prepare the project.

If possible, different forms of art may be integrated in the project work.
3. The distribution of marks over different aspects relating to Project Work is as follows:
S.No. Aspects Marks
(a) Content accuracy originality and analysis 2
(b) Presentaion and creativity 2
(c) Viva Voce 1
4. The projects carried out by the students in different topics should subsequently be shared among themselves through
interactive sessions such as exhibitions, panel discussions, etc.
5. All documents pertaining to assessment under this activity should be meticulously maintained by concerned schools.
6. A Summary Report should be prepared highlighting:
•• objectives realized through individual work and group interactions;
•• calendar of activities;
•• innovative ideas generated in the process ;
•• list of questions asked in viva voce.
7. It is to be noted here by all the teachers and students that the projects and models prepared should be made from eco-
friendly products without incurring too much expenditure.
8. The Project Report should be handwritten by the students themselves.
9. Records pertaining to projects (internal assessment) of the students will be maintained for a period of three months from
the date of declaration of result for verification at the discretion of Board. Subjudiced cases, if any or those involving RTI /
Grievances may however be retained beyond three months.
PRESCRIBED BOOKS: 20 Marks

1. India and the Contemporary World-II (History) - Published by NCERT
2. Contemporary India II (Geography) - Published by NCERT
3. Democratic Politics II (Political Science) - Published by NCERT
4. Understanding Economic Development - Published by NCERT
5. Together Towards a Safer India - Part III, a textbook on Disaster Management - Published by CBSE
6. Learning Outcomes at the Secondary Stage – Published by NCERT
Note: Please procure latest reprinted edition (2020) of prescribed NCERT textbooks.
SST-7

SOCIAL SCIENCE (CODE NO. 087)
QUESTION PAPER DESIGN
CLASS X (2020-21)
Time: 3 Hours Maximum Marks : 80
Sr. No. Competencies Total Marks % Weightage
1 Remembering and Understanding: Exhibiting memory of previously learned 28 35%

material by recalling facts, terms, basic concepts, and answers; Demonstrating
understanding of facts and ideas by organizing, translating, interpreting, giving
descriptions and stating main ideas.
2 Applying: Solving problems to new situations by applying acquired knowledge, 15 18.75%

facts, techniques and rules in a different way.
3 Formulating, Analysing, Evaluating and Creating: Examining and breaking 32 40%

information into parts by identifying motives or causes; Making inferences and
finding evidence to support generalizations; Presenting and defending opinions
by making judgments about information, validity of ideas, or quality of work
based on a set of criteria;
Compiling information together in a different way by combining elements in a
new pattern or proposing alternative solutions.
4 Map Skill 5 6.25%
80 100%
Note:
1. Teachers may refer ‘Learning Outcomes’ published by NCERT for developing lesson plans, assessment
framework and questions.
2. 02 Items from History Map List and 03 Items from Geography Map List
Internal Assessment: 20 Marks
INTERNAL ASSESSMENT
Marks Description
Periodic Assessment 10 Marks Pen Paper Test 5 marks

Assessment using multiple strategies 5 marks
For example, Quiz, Debate, Role Play, Viva, Group
Discussion, Visual Expression, Interactive Bulletin Boards,
Gallery Walks, Exit Cards, Concept Maps, Peer Assessment,
Self-Assessment, etc.
Portfolio 5 Marks •• Classwork and Assignments

•• Any exemplary work done by the student
•• Reflections, Narrations, Journals, etc.
•• Achievements of the student in the subject throughout the year
•• Participation of the student in different activities like Heritage India
Quiz
Subject Enrichment 5 Marks •• Project Work
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List of map Items
Class X (2020-21)
A. HISTORY (Outline Political Map of India)

Chapter – 3 Nationalism in India – (1918 – 1930) for Locating and Labelling / Identification
1. Indian National Congress Sessions:
(a) Calcutta (Sep. 1920)
(b) Nagpur (Dec. 1920)
(c) Madras (1927)
2. Important Centres of Indian National Movement
(a) Champaran (Bihar) - Movement of Indigo Planters
(b) Kheda (Gujarat) - Peasant Satyagrah
(c) Ahmedabad (Gujarat) - Cotton Mill Workers Satyagraha
(d) Amritsar (Punjab) - Jallianwala Bagh Incident
(e) Chauri Chaura (U.P.) - Calling off the Non-Cooperation Movement
(f) Dandi (Gujarat) - Civil Disobedience Movement
B. GEOGRAPHY (Outline Political Map of India)
Chapter 1: Resources and Development (Identification only)
(a) Major soil Types
Chapter 3: Water Resources (Locating and Labelling)
Dams:
(a) Salal (b) Bhakra Nangal
(c) Tehri (d) Rana Pratap Sagar
(e) Sardar Sarovar (f) Hirakud
(g) Nagarjuna Sagar (h) Tungabhadra
Note: Only map items of this chapter as listed above will be evaluated in Board Examination.
Chapter 4: Agriculture (Identification only)
(a) Major areas of Rice and Wheat
(b) Largest / Major producer states of Sugarcane, Tea, Coffee, Rubber, Cotton and Jute
Chapter 5: Minerals and Energy Resources
Power Plants
(Locating and Labelling only)
(a) Thermal
• Namrup • Singrauli • Ramagundam
(b) Nuclear
• Narora • Kakrapara • Tarapur
• Kalpakkam
Note: Only Map Items of this chapter as listed above will be evaluated in Board Examination.
Chapter 6: Manufacturing Industries (Locating and Labelling Only)
Cotton Textile Industries:
(a) Mumbai (b) Indore
(c) Surat (d) Kanpur
(e) Coimbatore
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Iron and Steel Plants:
(a) Durgapur (b) Bokaro
(c) Jamshedpur (d) Bhilai
(e) Vijaynagar (f) Salem
Software Technology Parks:
(a) Noida (b) Gandhinagar
(c) Mumbai (d) Pune
(e) Hyderabad (f) Bengaluru
(g) Chennai (h) Thiruvananthapuram
Chapter 7: Lifelines of National Economy (Locating and Labelling)
Major Ports:
(a) Kandla (b) Mumbai
(c) Marmagao (d) New Mangalore
(e) Kochi (f) Tuticorin
(g) Chennai (h) Vishakhapatnam
(i) Paradip (j) Haldia
International Airports:
(a) Amritsar (Raja Sansi) (b) Delhi (Indira Gandhi International)
(c) Mumbai (Chhatrapati Shivaji) (d) Chennai (Meenam Bakkam)
(e) Kolkata (Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose) (f) Hyderabad (Rajiv Gandhi)
Note: Items of Locating and Labelling may also be given for Identification.
SST-10

MRP: 598.00

SOCIAL SCIENCE - X SST-11
CBSE SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER 2020-21

SOCIAL SCIENCE (Code 087)
Class X
(With Marking Scheme)
Time allowed: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 80
General Instructions:
(i) Question paper comprises five Sections – A, B, C, D and E. There are 32 questions in the question paper.
All questions are compulsory.
(ii) Section A – Question no. 1 to 16 are Objective Type Questions of 1 mark each.
(iii) Section B – Question no. 17 to 22 are short answer type questions, carrying 3 marks each. Answer to
each question should not exceed 80 words.
(iv) Section C – Question no. 23 to 26 are source based questions, carrying 4 marks each.
(v) Section D – Question no. 27 to 31 are long answer type questions, carrying 5 marks each. Answer to
(vi) Section E – Question no. 32 is map based, carrying 5 marks with two parts, 32.1 from History (2 marks)
and 32.2 from Geography (3 marks).
(vii) There is no overall choice in the question paper. However, an internal choice has been provided in few
questions. Only one of the choices in such questions have to be attempted.
(viii) In addition to this, separate instructions are given with each section and question, wherever necessary.
SECTION A – OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS

1. Identify the correct statement with regard to ‘The Act of Union-1707’ from the following options. 1
A. The British monarchy surrendered the power to English Parliament.
B. The British parliament seized power from Ireland.
C. The formation of the ‘United Kingdom of Great Britain’.
D. The British nation was formed as a result of a war with Scotland and Wales.
(History Page 22)
Ans. C. The formation of the ‘United Kingdom of Great Britain’.
2. Which of the following treaty recognized Greece as an independent nation? 1
A. Treaty of Sevres
B. Treaty of Versailles
C. Treaty of Lausanne
SST-11
SST-12 CBSE SAMPLE PAPER
D. Treaty of Constantinople (History Page 13)

Ans. D. Treaty of Constantinople
3. Which of the following was the reason for calling off ‘the Non-cooperation Movement’ by Gandhiji? 1
A. Pressure from the British Government
B. Second Round Table Conference
C. Gandhiji’s arrest
D. Chauri-Chaura incident (History Page 61)
Ans. D. Chauri-Chaura incident
4. Fill in the blank:
Business Processes Outsourcing (BPO) is an example of _________ industry in India.
(Geography Page 77)
OR
Green Revolution has helped _________ industry to expand in different parts of India. 1
(Geography Page 75)
Ans. Information Technology
Or
Fertilizer.
5. Choose the correctly matched pair about the Primitive Cultivation in India from the following options: 1
A. Dahiya – Madhya Pradesh
B. Kumari – Jharkhand
C. Khil – Andhra Pradesh
D. Koman – Karnataka (Geography Page 34)
Ans. A. Dahiya – Madhya Pradesh
6. Fill in the blank-
Barley: Rabi crop, cotton: kharif, _________ : zaid crop. 1
A. Wheat
B. Mustard
C. Soya bean
D. Cucumber (Geography Page 36)
Ans. D. Cucumber
7. Identify the soil with the help of the following features. 1
• Red to brown in colour
• Sandy in texture and saline in nature

• Lacks humus and moisture (Geography Page 75)

Ans. Arid Soil
8. A type of millet rich in iron, calcium, other micro nutrients and roughage is 1
A. Bajra
B. Rajma
C. Jowar
D. Ragi (Geography Page 38)
Ans. D. Ragi
9. Population of Sri Lankan Tamils is concentrated in ____________ region of Sri Lanka. 1
A. North and South
B. North and East
C. East and West
D. South and East (Democratic Politics Page 3)
Ans. B. North and East
10. Define Majoritarianism. (Democratic Politics Page 3)
Ans. A belief that the majority community should be able to rule a country in whichever way it wants, by disregarding
the wishes and needs of the minority.
OR
Define Ethnicity. (Democratic Politics Page 2) 1
Ans. A social division based on shared culture/people belonging to same ethnic group believes in their common
descent.
11. Which administrative authority legislates on Residuary subjects? (Democratic Politics Page 16)
Ans. Union/Centre
OR
Which administrative authority legislates on Union list? (Democratic Politics Page 16) 1
Ans. Union/Centre
12. Read the given data and find out which country has most equitable distribution of income. 1
Countries Monthly Income of Citizens in four countries in 2018

Citizen I Citizen II Citizen III Citizen IV Citizen V Average
Country A 10500 11200 10800 11000 10700 10,840
Country B 600 5000 600 600 600 1,480
Country C 550 10500 400 7500 2000 4,190
Country D 800 4800 700 5000 750 2,410

(a) Country A
(b) Country B
(c) Country C
(d) Country D (Economics Chapter 1)
Ans. (a) Country A
13. Read the information given below and select the correct option – 1
Mohan is an agricultural labourer. There are several months in a year when he has no work and
needs credit to meet his daily expenses. He depends upon his employer, the landowner for credit who
charges an interest rate of 5 per cent per month. Mohan repays the money by working physically for
the landowner on his farmland.
Over the years his debt will –
A. Increase – because of increasing interest and non-payment of monthly amount
B. Remain constant – as he is working for the employer but is repaying less
C. Reduce - as amount equivalent to his salary is being counted as monthly repayment
D. Be totally repaid – as he is repaying the debt in the form of physical labour
(Economics Page 47)
Ans. A. Increase – because of increasing interest and non-payment of monthly amount
OR
Most of the agricultural labourers like Mohan depend upon loans from informal sector. Which of the
following statements about this sector is correct –
A. There are govt. bodies to supervise informal sector
B. Money lenders ask for a reasonable rate of interest
C. Cost of informal loans to the borrower is quite high
D. Money lenders use fair means to get their money back (Economics Page 49)
Ans. C. Cost of informal loans to the borrower is quite high
14. Which one of the following options describe ‘Collateral’? 1
A. Double coincidence of wants
B. Certain products for barter
C. Trade in barter
D. Asset as guarantee for loan (Economics Page 44)
Ans. D. Asset as guarantee for loan
15. Read the given statements in context of ‘globalization’ and choose the correct option – 1
A. It is the only way for economic development of the country
B. Interlinks only production based activities in dispersed locations in the world

C. It has always given only positive results in all the countries

D. Leads to spread of technology, cultures and diseases from a region to another
(Economics Page 57–58)
Ans. D. Leads to spread of technology, cultures and diseases from a region to another
16. In the question given below, there are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R).
Read the statements and chose the correct option: 1
Assertion (A): Different people have different development goals.
Reason (R): People want freedom, equality, security and respect
Options –
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true. (Economics Page 5)
Ans. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
SECTION B
17. Why did Gandhiji start Non-Cooperation Movement? Explain. (History Page 56) 3
Ans. Against Rowlatt Act
18. Explain the measures and practices introduced by the French revolutionaries to create a sense of
collective identity amongst the French people. (History Page 4)
Ans. (i) The ideas of La Patrie (the fatherland) and Le Citoyen (the citizen) emphasized the notion of united
community enjoying equal rights under a constitution.
(ii) A new French flag, tricolour was chosen to replace the Royal Standard.
(iii) Estates General was elected by the body of active citizens and renamed the National Assembly.
(vi) New hymns were composed and martyrs commemorated all in the name of the nation.
(vi) A centralized system of administration was introduced, uniform laws were made for all citizens.
(Any three points)
OR
“Like Germany, Italy too had a long history of political fragmentation”. Explain. 3
(History Page 20)
Ans. (i) Italians were scattered over several dynastic states
(ii) Sardinia-Piedmont was ruled by an Italian princely house.
(iii) Italy was unified in 1861 and Victor Emmanuel II was proclaimed King of United Italy.
(iv) Giuseppe Mazzini had sought to put together a programme for a unitary Italian Republic.

(v) The unification of Italy was a result of many wars. Through a tactful diplomatic alliance with France by
Chief Minister Cavour.
(vi) Garibaldi joined the fray. (To be evaluated as a whole)
19. Suggest and explain any three ways to protect land from degradation in various states of India. 3
(Geography Page 6)
Ans. (i) Afforestation.
(ii) Proper management of grazing.
(iii) Planting of shelter belts of plants.
(iv) Stabilization of sand dunes by growing thorny bushes.
(v) Control of mining activities.
(vi) Proper discharge and disposal of industrial effluents and wastes after treatment.
(vii) Any other relevant point (Any three Points)
20. Describe any three steps taken by the government towards decentralization in the year 1992.
(Democratic Politics Page 24)
Ans. (i) Constitution mandate to hold regular elections to local government bodies.
(ii) Reservation of seats in the elected bodies and the executive heads of these institutions for the Scheduled
Castes, Scheduled Tribes and other Backward Classes.
(iii) Reservation of at least one third of all positions for women.
(iv) Creation of an independent institution called the State Election Commission in each state to conduct
panchayat and municipal elections.
(v) The state governments are required to share some powers and revenue with local government bodies.
(Any three Points)
OR
Describe any three federal features of Indian democracy. (Democratic Politics Page 16) 3
Ans. (i) Division of powers between the centre and states.
(ii) There are three lists: Union List, State List, Concurrent List.
(iii) Residuary subjects
(iv) Control of union territories with Centre (Any three Points)
21. Imagine yourself to be XYZ, a member of a women Self- Help Group. Analyse the ways through
which your group provides loan to the members. (Economics Page 51) 3
Ans. (i) Self Help Groups pool their savings.
(ii) A typical SHG has 15-20 members, usually belonging to one neighbourhood, who meet and save regularly.
(iii) Saving per member varies from Rs. 25 to Rs. 100 or more, depending on the ability of the people to save.
(iv) Members can take small loans from the group itself to meet their needs.

(v) The group charges interest on these loans but this is still less than what the moneylender charges.
(vi) After a year or two, if the group is regular in savings, it becomes eligible for availing loan from the bank.
(Any Three Points)
22. ‘The issue of sustainability is important for development.’ Examine the statement. 3
(Economics Page 15)
Ans. (i) Sustainable development aims at fulfilling the needs of today without compromising the needs of the future
generation.
(ii) Sustainability is the capability to use the resources judiciously and maintain the ecological balance.
(iii) It lays emphasis on environmental protection and check environmental degradation.
(iv) Any other relevant point (Any Three Points)
SECTION C
23. Read the source given below and answer the questions that follows: 4
Following the defeat of Napoleon in 1815, European governments were driven by a spirit of
conservatism. Conservatives believed that established, traditional institutions of state and society –
like the monarchy, the Church, social hierarchies, property and the family –should be preserved.
Most conservatives, however, did not propose a return to the society of pre-revolutionary days.
Rather, they realised, from the changes initiated by Napoleon, that modernisation could in fact
strengthen traditional institutions like the monarchy. It could make state power more effective and
stronger. A modern army, an efficient bureaucracy, a dynamic economy, the abolition of feudalism
and serfdom could strengthen the autocratic monarchies of Europe. In 1815, representatives of the
European powers who had collectively defeated Napoleon, met at Vienna to draw up a settlement for
Europe. The Congress was hosted by the Austrian Chancellor Duke Metternich. The delegates drew
up the Treaty of Vienna of 1815 with the object of undoing most of the changes that had come about
in Europe during the Napoleonic wars. The Bourbon dynasty, which had been deposed during the
French Revolution, was restored to power, and France lost the territories it had annexed under
Napoleon. A series of states were set up on the boundaries of France to prevent French expansion in
future. (History Page 9)
Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option:
23.1. Which of the following statements correctly describes about European conservative ideology? (1)
A. Preservation of believes introduced by Napoleon
B. Preservation of two sects of Christianity
C. Preservation of socialist ideology in economic sphere
D. Preservation of traditionalist beliefs in state and society
Ans. D. Preservation of traditionalist beliefs in state and society
23.2. Identify the purpose to convene the Vienna of Congress in 1815 from the following options? (1)
A. To declare competition of German unification
B. To restore conservative regime in Europe
C. To declare war against France

D. To start the process of Italian Unification
Ans. B. To restore conservative regime in Europe
23.3. What did conservatives focus on at the Congress of Vienna? Select the appropriate option. (1)
A. To re-establish peace and stability in Europe
B. To establish socialism in Europe
C. To introduce democracy in France
D. To set up a new Parliament in Austria
Ans. A. To re-establish peace and stability in Europe
23.4. How did the Congress of Vienna ensure peace in Europe? Select the appropriate option. (1)
A. With the restoration of Bourbon Dynasty
B. Austria was not given the control of Northern Italy
C. Laying out a balance of power between all the great powers in Europe
D. By giving power to the German confederation
Ans. C. Laying out a balance of power between all the great powers in Europe
24. Read the text given below and answer the following questions. 4
Manufacturing industries not only help in modernising agriculture, which forms the backbone of our
economy, they also reduce the heavy dependence of people on agricultural income by providing them
jobs in secondary and tertiary sectors. Industrial development is a precondition for eradication of
unemployment and poverty from our country. This was the main philosophy behind public sector
industries and joint sector ventures in India. It was also aimed at bringing down regional disparities
by establishing industries in tribal and backward areas. Export of manufactured goods expands trade
and commerce, and brings in much needed foreign exchange. Countries that transform their raw
materials into a wide variety of finished goods of higher value are prosperous. India’s prosperity lies
in increasing and diversifying its manufacturing industries as quickly as possible. Agriculture and
industry are not exclusive of each other. They move hand in hand. For instance, the agro-industries in
India have given a major boost to agriculture by raising its productivity. (Geography Page 65)
Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option
24.1 Manufacturing industries fall in _________ and agriculture in _________. (1)
A. Primary, Secondary Sector
B. Secondary, Tertiary Sector
C. Primary, Tertiary Sector
D. Secondary, Primary Sector
Ans. D. Secondary, Primary Sector

24.2. Manufacturing provides job opportunities to reduce dependence on agriculture. Identify which
sector the following jobs belong to – (1)
Jobs created or promoted Sector
by manufacturing industries
(a) Garment production 1. Primary
(b) Research & Development 2. Tertiary
(c) Banking 3. Secondary
(d) Mining 4. Quaternary
Choose the correct option –
A. (a)-1, (b)-2, (c)-3, (d)-4
B. (a)-3, (b)-4, (c)-2, (d)-1
C. (a)-2, (b)-3, (c)-1, (d)-2
D. (a)-4, (b)-1, (c)-4, (d)-3
Ans. B. (a)-3, (b)-4, (c)-2, (d)-1
24.3. Which of the following options does not help in modernising agriculture? (1)
A. Manufacturing farm equipment
B. Providing unskilled labour force
C. Supplying fertilizers and pesticides
D. Producing tube well pumps and sprinklers
Ans. B. Providing unskilled labour force
24.4. In order to attract foreign manufacturing firms, a country needs to develop – (1)
A. Agrarian facilities
B. Cultivable lands
C. Media facilities
D. Infrastructure facilities
Ans. D. Infrastructure facilities
25. Read the given extract and answer the following questions. 4
In a democracy, we are most concerned with ensuring that people will have the right to choose their
rulers and people will have control over the rulers. Whenever possible and necessary, citizens should
be able to participate in decision making, that affects them all. Therefore, the most basic outcome of
democracy should be that it produces a government that is accountable to the citizens, and responsive
to the needs and expectations of the citizens. Some people think that democracy produces less effective
government. It is, of course, true that non-democratic rulers are very quick and efficient in decision
making and implementation, whereas, democracy is based on the idea of deliberation and negotiation.
So, some delay is bound to take place. But, because it has followed procedures, its decisions may be

both more acceptable to the people and more effective. Moreover, when citizens want to know if a
decision was taken through the correct procedures, they can find this out. They have the right and the
means to examine the process of decision making. This is known as transparency. This factor is often
missing from a non-democratic government. There is another aspect in which democratic government
is certainly better than its alternatives: democratic government is legitimate government. It may be
slow, less efficient, not always very responsive, or clean. But a democratic government is people’s
own government. (Democratic Politics Page 91)
25.1. People’s right to choose their own rulers is called as the – (1)
A. Right to Initiate
B. Right to Plebiscite
C. Right to Vote
D. Right to Referendum
Ans. C. Right to Vote
25.2. Which of the following options helps in promoting transparency in the governance? (1)
A. Right to education
B. Right to information
C. Right against exploitation
D. Right to speech and expression
Ans. B. Right to information
25.3. _________ make/s the government legitimate. (1)
A. Credibility of politicians
B. People’s movements
C. Free and fair elections
D. Holding of powers
Ans. C. Free and fair elections
25.4. Decisions in a democracy are more acceptable to the people because they are – (1)
A. Taken swiftly and implemented quickly
B. Taken by giving privileges to the people
C. Taken through elites’ votes
D. Taken after following due processes
Ans. D. Taken after following due processes
26. Read the source given below and answer the following questions - Ford Motors, an American company,
is one of the world’s largest automobile manufacturers with production spread over 26 countries of
the world. Ford Motors came to India in 1995 and spent Rs. 1700 crore to set up a large plant near

Chennai. This was done in collaboration with Mahindra and Mahindra, a major Indian manufacturer
of jeeps and trucks. By the year 2004, Ford Motors was selling 27,000 cars in the Indian markets,
while 24,000 cars were exported from India to South Africa, Mexico and Brazil. The company wanted
to develop Ford India as a component supplying base for its other plants across the globe.
(Economics Page 59)
26.1. The passage given above relates to which of the following options? (1)
A. Increased employment
B. Foreign investment
C. Foreign collaboration
D. International competition
Ans. B. Foreign investment
26.2. According to the given passage, Ford Motors can be termed as a Multi-National Company
based on which of the following options? (1)
A. Production of different types of automobiles
B. Largest automobile manufacturer in the world
C. Because of largescale exports of cars across globe
D. Industrial and commercial ventures across globe
Ans. D. Industrial and commercial ventures across globe
26.3. By setting up their production plants in India, Ford Motors wanted to – (1)
A. Collaborate with a leading Indian Automobile company
B. Satisfy the demands of American, African and Indian markets
C. Tap the benefits of low-cost production and a large market
D. Take over small automobile manufacturing units in India
Ans. C. Tap the benefits of low-cost production and a large market
26.4. ‘Ford Motors’ wish to develop Ford India as a component supplying base for its other plants
across the globe is an evidence of – (1)
A. Promoting local industries of India
B. Merging trade from different countries
C. Supplying jobs to factory workers in India
D. Interlinking of production across countries
Ans. D. Interlinking of production across countries

SECTION D – LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS

27. How did people belonging to different communities, regions or language groups develop a sense of
collective belonging in the nineteenth century India? Explain. (History Page 65) 5
Ans. (i) The identity of the nation is most often symbolised with the image of Bharat Mata.
(ii) Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay wrote ‘Vande Mataram’ as a hymn to the motherland.
(iii) Novel Anandamath.
(iv) Moved by the Swadeshi movement, Abindranath Tagore painted Bharat Mata and portrayed as an ascetic
figure; she is calm, composed, divine and spiritual.
(v) Ideas of nationalism also developed through a movement to revive Indian folklore.
(vi) Icons and symbols in unifying people and inspiring in them a feeling of nationalism.
(vii) During the Swadeshi movement in Bengal, a tricolour flag (red, green and yellow) was designed.
(viii) Reinterpretation of history that to instill a sense of pride in the nation. (Any Five Points)
OR
Explain the meaning and notion of ‘Swaraj’ as perceived by the plantation workers. How did they
respond to the call of ‘the Non – Cooperation movement’? (History Page 60)
Ans. 1. For plantation workers in Assam, Swaraj meant the right to move freely in and out of the confined space in
which they were enclosed, and it meant retaining a link with the village from which they had come.
2. (i) Under the Inland Emigration Act of 1859, plantation workers were not permitted to leave the tea gardens
without permission, and in fact they were rarely given such permission.
(ii) When they heard of the Non-Cooperation Movement, thousands of workers defied the authorities, left
the plantations, and headed home.
(iii) They believed that Gandhi Raj was coming, and everyone would be given land in their own villages.
(iv) They, however, never reached their destination. Stranded on the way by a railway and steamer strike,
they were caught by the police and brutally beaten up.
28. Describe the role of mass communication in India. (Geography Page 90)
Ans. (i) Mass communication provides entertainment.
(ii) Creates awareness among people about various national programmes and policies. It includes radio,
television, newspapers, magazines, books and films.
(iii) All India Radio (Akashwani) broadcasts a variety of programmes in national, regional and local languages.
(iv) Doordarshan broadcasts programmes of entertainment, educational, sports, etc. for people of different
age groups.
(v) India publishes a large number of newspapers and periodicals annually
(vi) Newspapers are published in about 100 languages and dialects to create awareness among people in
different parts of the country.
(vii) India produces short films; video feature films and video short films.

(viii) Mass media creates awareness among people on various socio-economic and political issues.
(ix) Any other relevant point (Any Five Points)
OR
Describe the benefits of Roadways. (Geography Page 92) 5
Ans. (i) Roads need less capital than the railways.
(ii) Road transport provides door-to-door service.
(iii) The road transport provides flexible service to men and materials.
(iv) Road transport is useful in small distances.
(v) Road transport is helpful in production of perishable goods as it facilitates the distribution of perishable
goods from point of production to point of consumption.
(vi) Roads can negotiate higher gradients of slopes and as such can traverse mountains such as the Himalayas.
(Any Five Points)
29. Suggest and explain any five ways to reform Political Parties in India. 5
Ans. (i) A law should be made to regulate the internal affairs of political parties.
(ii) It should be made compulsory for political parties to maintain a register of its members.
(iii) It should be made mandatory for political parties to give a minimum number of tickets; about 1/3rd to its
women candidates.
(iv) There should be a quota for women in the decision-making bodies of the party.
(v) There should be state funding of elections.
(vi) Vote casting should be made compulsory in each election.
(vii) Any other relevant point (Any five Points)
30. ‘Power sharing is the essence of a democratic government.’ Examine the statement. 5
(Demovrative Politics Page 9)
Ans. (i) Power is shared among different organs of government, such as the legislature, executive and judiciary
also called as Horizontal power sharing. Example – India
(ii) Power can be shared among governments at different levels – a general government for the entire country
and governments at the provincial or regional level. Example – India (Union Government & State
Government)
(iii) Community government – Power may also be shared among different social groups such as the religious
and linguistic groups. Example – Belgium
(iv) Power-sharing between political parties, pressure groups and movements – Such competition ensures that
power does not remain in one hand.
(v) In the long run, power is shared among different political parties that represent different ideologies and
social groups.

31. ‘Tertiary sector is playing a significant role in the development of Indian Economy’. Justify the
statement. (Economics Page 24)
Ans. (i) Basic services: Services such as hospitals, educational institutions, post and telegraph services, transport,
banks, insurance companies, are in this group.
(ii) Development of primary and secondary sector: The development of agriculture and industry leads to
the development of services such as transport, trade and storage.
(iii) Rise in income levels: As income levels rise, certain sections of people start demanding many more
services like eating out, tourism, shopping, private hospitals, private schools and professional training
centres.
(iv) Rise in information technology: Over the past decade or so, certain new services, such as those based
on information and communication technology have become important and essential.
(v) Globalization: Due to globalization, people have become aware of new services and activities, and
communication because of which the tertiary sector has gained importance.
OR
‘Public sector contributes to the economic development of India.’ Justify the statement. 5
(Economics Page 4)
Ans. (i) It creates employment opportunities.
(ii) It generates financial resources for development.
(iii) It is ensuring equality of income, wealth and thus, a balanced regional development.
(iv) It encourages development of small, medium and cottage industries.
(v) It ensures easy availability of goods at moderate rates.
SECTION E – MAP SKILL BASED QUESTION

32.1. Two places A and B have been marked on the given outline map of India. Identify them and write
their correct names on the lines drawn near them
A. Indian National Congress session at this place in 1927
B. Mahatma Gandhi organized a Satyagraha Movement at this place for indigo planters 2
32.2. On the same outline map of India locate and label any THREE of the following with suitable Symbols.
(a) Rana Pratap Sagar Dam
(b) Namrup Thermal Plant
(c) Bengaluru Software Technology Park
(d) Vishakhapatnam Port
(e) Naraura Nuclear Power Plant 3

§ (e) Naraura (b) Namrup
B Champaran
£ (a) Rana Pratap Sagar Dam
Ð (d) Visakhapatnam
(c) Bengaluruê
A Madras
£ Rana Pratap Sagar Dam

Namrup Thermal Plant
ê Bengaluru Software Technology Park
Ð Visakhapatnam Port
§ Naraura Nuclear Power Plant

MRP: 598.00

Series: JBB/1 Set-2
Code No. 32 /1/2
Cbse Board Examination Paper-2020

Social Science
Class X (Solved)
Time allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 80
Read the following instructions very carefully and strictly follow them:
(i) Question paper comprises four sections – A, B, C and D. There are 35 questions in the question paper.
All questions are compulsory.
(ii) Section A – Question No. 1 to 20 are very short answer type questions, carrying 1 mark each.
(iii) Section B – Question No. 21 to 28 are short answer type questions, carrying 3 marks each. Answer to
(iv) Section C – Question No. 29 to 34 are long answer type questions, carrying 5 marks each. Answer to
(v) Section D – Question No. 35 is map based carrying 6 marks with two parts 35(a) from History (2 marks)
and 35(b) from Geography (4 marks).
(vi) Answer should be brief and to the point also the above word limit be adhered to as far as possible.
(vii) There is no overall choice in the question paper. However, an internal choice has been provided in few
questions. Only one of the choices in such questions have to be attempted.
(viii) Attach MAP along with your answer-book.
(ix) In addition to this, separate instructions are given with each section and question, wherever necessary.
section – A
1. How is GDP calculated? (1)
Or
How is Public sector different from Private sector? (1)
Ans. GDP is the sum value of the final goods and services of the three sectors (Primary, Secondary and
Tertiary) produced within a country during a particular year.
Or
Public sector:
1. It is controlled and managed by the government.
2. The main aim of the sector is public welfare.
3. The sector provides basic facilities like education, health, food and security to the people. For Example:
Railways, Post office, BSNL.
Private sector:
1. It is controlled and managed by an individual or a group.
2. The main aim of the sector is to earn profits.
3. Private sector does not provide any service at a reasonable rate. For example: Tatas, Birlas, Reliance.
SST-26

Social Science – X SST-27
2. Why did Gandhiji decide to withdraw the Non-Cooperation Movement in 1992? (1)
Ans. Gandhiji decided to withdraw the ‘Non-Cooperation Movement’ in February 1922 because Gandhiji felt
that the movement was turning violent and satyagrahis needed proper training before they were ready
for a mass struggle.
3. Why was the Vernacular Press Act passed in 1878? (1)
Or
Why was ‘Gulamgiri’ book written by Jyotiba Phule in 1871? (1)
Ans. Proposed by Lord Lytton, then viceroy of India (governed 1876–80), the act was intended to prevent
the vernacular press from expressing criticism of British policies—notably, the opposition that had
grown with the outset of the Second Anglo-Afghan War (1878–80). The act excluded English-language
publications.
Or
Jyotiba Phule wrote this book in 1873 for the downtrodden section to make them aware of the oppression
in Indian caste system.
4. Study the table and answer the question given below. (1)
Some comparative data on Haryana, Kerala and Bihar

State Infant Mortality Rate Literacy Rate % Net Attendance Ratio
per 1,000 live births 2011 (per 100 persons) secondary state
(2016) (age 14 and 15 years) 2013-14
Haryana 33 82 61
Kerala 10 94 83
Bihar 38 62 43
Source: Economy Survey, 2017-18 Vol. 2, Government of India; National Sample Survey Organisation

(Report No. 575)
Question: In comparison to Kerala which state has the highest infant mortality rate.
Ans. Bihar.
5. Choose the incorrect option from column A and column B. (1)
Column-A Column-B
Category of person Developmental goals/Aspirations
(a) Landless rural labourers (i) More days of work and better wages
(b) Prosperous farmers from Punjab (ii) Availability of other sources of irrigation
(c) Farmers who depend only on rain for growing (iii) Assured a higher support prices for their crops
crops
(d) A rural woman from a land owning family (iv) Regular job and high wages to increase her
income
Ans. (b) Prosperous farmers from Punjab (ii) Availability of other sources of irrigation
6. Why was reading of manuscript not easy in India? Choose the appropriate reason from the
following options: (1)
A. Manuscripts were highly cheap.
B. Manuscripts were widely spread out.

SST-28 CBSE Examination Paper–2020
C. Manuscripts were written in English and Hindi.

D. Manuscripts were fragile.
Ans. D. Manuscripts were fragile.
7. Who among the following published ‘Punjab Kesari’? (1)
A. Balgangadhar Tilak
B. Mahatma Gandhi
C. Bhagat Singh
D. B.R. Ambedkar
Ans. A. Balgangadhar Tilak
8. Suggest any one way to protect women from domestic oppression. (1)
Or
Suggest any one way to create communal harmony among various communities of India. (1)
Ans. By promoting gender equality to prevent violence against women.
Or
State intervention in the religious matters only in the larger public interests.
9. Modern democracies maintain check and balance system. Identify the correct option based
on the horizontal power sharing arrangement. (1)
A. Central government, state government, local bodies.
B. Legislature, executive, judiciary.
C. Among different social groups.
D. Among different pressure groups.
Ans. B. Legislature, executive, judiciary.
10. In which one of the following State in Rawatbhata Nuclear Energy Plant located? (1)
A. Gujarat
B. Kerala
C. Punjab
D. Rajasthan
Ans. D. Rajasthan
11. State any one step taken in Belgium to rule out the problem of regional differences and cultural
diversities. (1)
Ans. Constitution says that the number of Dutch and French speaking ministers shall be equal in the Central
government. Thus, no single community can make decisions unilaterally.
12. Fill in the blanks:
............... is the largest producer of raw jute and jute goods and stands at second place as an
exporter after Bangladesh. (1)
Ans. India
13. Define the term ‘Veto’. (1)
Or
Define the term ‘Carding’. (1)
Ans. The negative vote of a permanent member is known as a ‘veto’. The Council cannot act on a particular
matter if any of the permanent members uses the veto power.
Or
Carding is a process in which fibres, such as: cotton or wool, are prepared prior to spinning.

14. Fill in the blanks.

Buddhist missionaries from China introduced hand-printing technology into _________ around
A.D. 765-770. (1)
Or
By 1448, Gutenberg perfected the system of printing. The first book he printed was the _________.
(1)
Ans. Japan
Or

Bible
15. Fill in the blanks. (1)
Type of Resources Examples

A-? Biotic and Abiotic
B-? Renewable and non-renewable
Ans. A. On the basis of origin
B. On the basis of exhaustibility
16. Which is the oldest artificial sea port of India? (1)
Or
Which is the deepest, landlocked and well protected sea port of India? (1)
Ans. Lothal Port
Or
Visakhapatnam
17. Which one of the following is a major caste group of Sri Lanka. (1)
A. Christian and Tamil
B. Buddhist and Hindu
C. Sinhali and Tamil
D. Sinhali and Christian
Ans. C. Sinhali and Tamil
18. Fill in the blank. (1)
_________ industry is used for manufacturing aircraft, utensils and wires.
Ans. Aluminium smelting
19. Suggest any one ways to create employment in rural areas. (1)
Ans. (i) Agro-based industries can be set up in rural areas or semi-rural belts.
(ii) Making provisions for education and health services in rural belts can also result in employments.
20. Choose the correct option from columns A and B. (1)
A B
(a) Chandrapur thermal power plant (i) Odisha
(b) Mayurbhanj iron ore mines (ii) Amarkantak
(c) Kalol oil fields (iii) Gujarat
(d) Bauxite mines (iv) Jharkhand
Ans. (c) Kalol oil fields (iii) Gujarat

section – B
21. “Tertiary sector activities help in the development of the primary and secondary sectors.”
Evaluate the statement. (3)
Or
“ ‘Primary sector’ was the most important sector of economic activity at initial stages of
development.” Evaluate the statement. (3)
Ans. The tertiary sector helps in the development of the primary and secondary sector by:
— Transporting goods produced by primary and secondary sectors.
— Providing infrastructure for the sale of goods produced by these two sectors.
— Offering storing facilities for goods produced by primary and secondary sectors.
— Providing banking facilities.
— Offering communication facilities.
Such facilities catered by the tertiary sector help in augmented production and sale levels of the primary
and secondary sectors thus paving the way for their development.
Or
Initially the primary sector was the most important sector of economic activities. As the methods of
farming changed and agriculture sector began to prosper, it produced much more food than before and
most people were employed in this sector.
When new methods of manufacturing were introduced, factories came up and started expanding. In this
way, the secondary sector gradually became the most important in total production and employment.
Thereafter tertiary sector helped primary and secondary sectors by providing transportation, faster
communication, banking facilities, cold storages, markets etc. with which all sectors are growing faster.
22. Mention any three features of ‘secularism’ described in the Indian Constitution. (3)
Or
Mention the problem of ‘Casteism’ in Indian politics. (3)
Ans. Features of Indian secularism are:
• Equal respect and recognition for all religions by the state.
• No discrimination by the state on the basis of religion.
• Non-interference in the functioning of any religion by the state.
• No official religion in India.
• An individual has the right to practice, propagate and profess any religion.
Or
(i) Most of the political parties choose candidates in elections, keeping in mind the caste composition
of the constituency and the majority of electorate there, They nominate candidates from the caste
that is prominent in that constituency so as to get necessary support to win elections.
(ii) Political parties and their candidates play with the sentiments of the voters and seek their votes
on caste basis. Some political parties are known to favour some castes and portray themselves as
their representatives.
(iii) Universal adult franchise and the principle of one person one vote has compelled political leaders
to gear up to the task of mobilising and securing political support in the name of caste.
23. Describe any three features of ‘federal government.’ (3)
Or
Describe any three features of ‘unitary government.’ (3)
Ans. Three features of federal government are:
(i) Dual Objectives – The objectives of the federal government include accommodation of regional
diversity along with the need to safeguard and promote unity of the country at the same time.

(ii) Clear specification of Sources of Revenue – Sources of revenue for each levels of government
are clearly specified to ensure its financial autonomy.
(iii) Supremacy of the Constitution – The existence and authority of each tier of government is
constitutionally guaranteed as the jurisdictions of the respective levels of the governments are
specified in the constitution.
Or
Features of Unitary government are as follows:
(i) The jurisdictions of government or its sub-units are not specified in the constitution, centre can
delegate power to introduce any change.
(ii) The central government can pass orders to the provincial or the local government.
(iii) There is only one level of government or the sub-units which are subordinate to the central government.
Example: China, United Kingdom, Japan etc.
24. “Efficient means of transport are pre-requisites for fast development of the country.” Support
the statement with examples. (3)
Ans. Efficient means of transport are pre-requisites for fast development of the country in following ways:
(i) The raw material can reach factories faster.
(ii) The movement of the finished goods from their supply locations to demand locations necessitates
the need for transport.
(iii) Mobility of labour force also increases.
25. Explain any three effects of population growth in England in the late eighteenth century. (3)
Or
Why did the export of Indian textile decline at the beginning of the nineteenth century? Explain
any three reasons. (3)
Ans. Three effects of population growth in England in the late eighteenth century were:
(i) After pressure from industrialists, government was forced to remove Corn laws. Food was then
allowed to import in Britain.
(ii) Demand of food grains increased as urban centres expanded due to industrialisation.
(iii) Due to pressure from landed groups government restricted import of Corn by enacting Corn laws.
Or
The export of Indian textile declined at the beginning of the nineteenth century because:
(i) Indian weavers could not compete with cheap British goods.
(ii) Goods manufactured in Manchester started flooding Indian markets.
(iii) Heavy import duties on Indian cotton textile were imposed in England making Indian origin goods
costly there.
26. Read the source given below and answer the questions that follows:
Source: The Movement in the Towns

The movement started with middle-class participation in the cities. Thousands of students
left government-controlled schools and colleges, headmasters and teachers resigned, and
lawyers gave up their legal practices. The council elections were boycotted in most provinces
except Madras, where the Justice Party, the party of the non-Brahmans, felt that entering
the council was one way of gaining some power-something that usually only Brahmans had
access to.
The effects of non-cooperation on the economic front were more dramatic. Foreign goods
were boycotted, liquor shops picketed, and foreign cloth burnt in huge bonfires. The import
of foreign cloth halved between 1921 and 1922, its value dropping from Rs. 102 crore to Rs.
57 crore. In many places merchants and traders refused to trade in foreign goods or finance

trade. As the boycott movement spread, and people began discarding imported clothes and
wearing only Indian ones, production of Indian textile mills and handlooms went up.
26.1. Explain the role of ‘Justice Party’ in boycotting of council elections. (1)
Ans. The council elections were boycotted in most provinces except Madras, where the Justice Party,
the party of the non-Brahmans, felt that entering the council was one way of gaining some power-
something that usually only Brahmans had access to.
26.2. How was the effects of ‘non-cooperation on the economic front’ dramatic? (1)
Ans. Foreign goods were boycotted, liquor shops picketed, and foreign cloth burnt in huge bonfires.
26.3. Explain the effect of ‘Boycott’ movement on ‘foreign textile trade’. (1)
Ans. As the boycott movement spread, and people began discarding imported clothes and wearing
only Indian ones, production of Indian textile mills and handlooms went up and foreign textile
trade was impacted.
27. Suggest any three ways to improve health and nutritional status of people in India. (3)
Ans. Three ways to improve health and nutritional status of people in India shall be:
(i) Quality and nutritional ration should be provided by the government through Public Distribution
System(PDS) shops,
(ii) Awareness of health and nutrition should be spread by the government at all levels of governance.
(iii) By providing health centres throughout the country and by conducting door to door survey.
28. Describe the importance of judicious use of resources. (3)
Or
Describe the different steps of ‘resource planning’. (3)
Ans. Importance of judicious use of resources are:
(i) Check on indiscriminate use of resources. As it leads to environmental socio and economic problems.
(ii) Use of non-renewable resources wisely , as it takes thousands of years to recreate them.
(iii) Resources are essential for any developmental activity but they are available only in limited
quantities.
Or
Steps for ‘resource planning’ are:
(i) Surveying, mapping, qualitative & quantitative estimation and measurement of resources leads to
Identification and inventory of resources across the regions of the country.
(ii) Resource development plans are implemented by evolving a planning structure endowed with
appropriate technology, skill and institutional set-up.
(iii) Resource development plans are matched with overall national development plans.
section– C
29. Read the sources given below and answer the questions that follow:
Source A: Production across countries

Until the middle of the twentieth century, production was largely organised within countries.
What crossed the boundaries of these countries were raw material, food stuff and finished
products. Colonies such as India exported raw materials and food stuff and imported finished
goods. Trade was the main channel connecting distant countries. This was before large
companies called multinational corporations (MNCs) emerged on the scene.
Source B: Foreign trade and integration of markets

Foreign trade creates an opportunity for the producers to reach beyond the domestic markets
i.e., markets of their own countries. Producers can sell their produce not only in markets
located within the country but can also compete in markets located in other countries of

the world. Similarly, for the buyers, import of good produced in another country is one way
of expanding the choice of goods beyond what is domestically produced.
Source C: Impact of globalisation in India

Globalisation and greater competition among producers –both local and foreign producers
– has been of advantage to consumers, particularly the well-off sections in the urban areas.
There is greater choice before these consumers who now enjoy improved quality and lower
price for several products. As a result, these people today, enjoy much higher standards of
living was possible earlier.
Source A: Production across countries
29.1. How are MNCs a major force in connecting the countries of the world? (1)
Ans. MNCs act as a major force in connecting the countries of the world by interacting with local
producers in various countries and spreading their production. This helps in connecting widely
dispersed location or countries.
Source B: Foreign trade and integration of markets
29.2. How does foreign trade become a main channel in connecting countries? (2)
Ans. Foreign trade connects different countries as producers beyond selling their products in local
markets can also sell their products located in other countries.
Source C: Impact of globalisation in India
29.3. How is globalisation beneficial for consumers? (2)
Ans. For consumers it is an advantage as they get choice in products at competitive prices.
30. Explain any five features of plantation farming. (5)
Ans. Plantation farming is a type of farming where single type of crop is grown in a large area using modern
agricultural techniques for commercial purpose. Examples of plantation farming are tea, coffee, rubber
etc.
Some of the features of plantation farming are:
• Large capital investment
• Cheap labour
• Scientific methods of cultivation
• Large estates or plantations
• Managerial and technical support
• Single crop specialisation
• A good system of transportation.
31. Describe the role of political parties in modern democracy. (5)
Ans. Political parties are one of the most visible institutions in a democracy. They play a very significant
role in many ways:
(i) Political parties contest election.
(ii) Parties put forward different policies and programmes that benefit the people and the voters choose
from them.
(iii) Parties play a decisive role in making laws for a country.
(iv) Parties form and run governments.
(v) Those parties who win less seats in the elections play the role of opposition to the parties in power,
by voicing different views and criticising government for its failures.
(vi) Parties shape public opinion by raising and highlighting issues.
(vii) Parties provide people access to government machinery and welfare schemes implemented by
governments.

32. “Democracy plays an important role to accommodate social diversity.” Support the statement
with examples. (5)
ns. Democracy plays an important role to accommodate social diversity in many ways:
A
• Democracy reduces the possibility of social tension becoming explosive. In Belgium every community
recognized the existence of all.
• Democracy develop procedure to conduct competition between various social groups.
• Democracy ensures that every citizen has a chance of being in majority at some point of time.
• In democracy majority need to work with minority. Democracy provides special rights to minority.
33. How did ideas of national unity in early nineteenth century Europe allied to the ideology of
liberalism? Explain. (5)
Or
How did Greek war of independence mobilise nationalist feelings among the educated elite
across Europe? Explain. (5)
Ans. The ideas of national unity in early nineteenth century Europe allied to the ideology of liberalism in
various ways:
• Creation of railway further stimulated mobility, harnessing economic interest to national unification.
• Liberals emphasised the concept of government by consent.
• Liberals supported creation of unified economic territory.
• Liberals supported the demand of middle class about freedom of markets and end of state imposed
restrictions on movement of goods and capital.
• For the new middle class liberalism stands for individual freedom and equality of all before law.
• A common custom union, sovereign, at the initiative of Prussia was formed.
• Liberalism stood for end of autocracy and special privileges.
Or
Greek war of independence mobilise nationalist feelings among the educated elite across Europe in the
following ways:
• Nationalism in Greece got support from other Greeks living in exile.
• Many west Europeans had sympathies for ancient Greek culture.
• The growth of revolutionary nationalism in Europe let to struggle for independence among the Greeks
from ottoman Empire.
• English poet Lord Byron organised funds and later went to fight Greek war.
• Poets and artists lauded Greece as cradle of European civilization and mobilized public opinion to
support its struggle against Muslim empire.
34. “Bank plays an important role in the economic development of the country.” Support the
statement with examples. (5)
Or
“Credit sometimes pushes the borrower into a situation from which recovery is very painful.”
Support the statement with examples. (5)
Ans. Bank plays an important role in the economic development of the country in many ways:
• Bank provides loan in rural area for crop production ultimately resulting in the development of many
places.
• Bank provides loan to create fixed assets that create employment opportunities.
• It acts as a link between savers and investors.
• Banks accept deposits and pay interest on deposits which mobilize savings.

• Bank uses major portion of these deposits to extend loan for various profitable events.
Or
It is true that credit sometimes pushes the borrower into a situation from which recovery is very painful.
It happens in cases like:
• In case of rural areas if crop fails due to natural factors loan repayment may be difficult.
• In case of failure of a business it will be difficult to repay the loan.
• In case of informal sector, rate of interest is very high. If for any reason previous loan is not repaid
interest rate further mounts.
• In case of high risk activities failure without some support can push borrower in painful situation.
• In many cases people have to sell their land and fixed assets to repay loan.
Section – D
Map Skill Based Questions
26. (A) Two features ‘A’ and ‘B’ are marked on the given political outline map of India. Identify
these features with the help of the following information and write their correct names on
the lines marked near them.(2)
(a) The place where the Indian National Congress Session was held.
(b) The place where the movement of Indigo planters was started.

Locate and label any four of the following with appropriate symbols on the same given
(B)
outline political map of India.(4)
(i) Sardar Sarovar (a) Dam

(ii) Bhilai (b) Iron and Steel Plant
(iii) Pune (c) Software Technology Park
(iv) Kochi (d) Major Sea Port
(v) Indore (e) Cotton Textile Industry
(vi) Naraura (f) Nuclear Power Plant

Ans. 26 (A) and (B)
Naraura
B Champaran
Indore
Sardar Sarovar Dam
Bhilai
Pune
A Madras
Sardar Sarovar Dam

Iron and Steel Plant
Kochi Software Technology Park

Major Sea Port
Cotton Textile Industry
Nuclear Power Plant

MRP: 598.00

Series: hrk Set-1
Code No. 32 /1
Cbse Board Examination Paper-2019

Social Science
Class X (Solved)
Time allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 80
(i) The Question Paper has 26 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.
(ii) Marks are indicated against each question.
(iii) Questions from serial number 1 to 7 are Very Short Answer type questions. Each question carries one
mark.
(iv) Questions from serial number 8 to 18 carry 3 marks questions. Answers of these questions should not
exceed 80 words each.
(v) Questions from serial number 19 to 25 are 5 marks questions. Answer of these questions should not
exceed 100 words each.
(vi) Question number 26 is a map question. It has two parts 26(A) and 26(B). 26(A) of 2 marks from History
and 26(B) of 3 marks from Geography. After completion, attach the map inside your Answer-book.
(vii) There is no overall choice. However, internal choice has been provided in some questions. You have to
attempt only one of the alternatives in all such-questions.
section A
1. Interpret the concept of ‘liberalisation’ in the field of economic sphere during the nineteenth
century in Europe. (1)
Or
Interpret the contribution of French in the economic development of Mekong delta region.
Ans. The term liberalization refers to the process in which a state removed all the restrictions on the private
activities of the individual. Certain government regulations are relaxed and the ban on certain activities
is lifted. Overall it refers to the reduction of the state involvement in the economy.
Or
The French built canals to drain lands in the Mekong delta to increase cultivation. The vast system of
irrigation works, canals and earthworks built mainly with forced labour increased the rice production.
Vietnam exported 2/3rd of its rice production and became the third largest exporter of rice in the world.
2. How had hand printing technology introduced in Japan? (1)
Or
How had translation process of novels into regional languages helped to spread their
popularity?
Ans. Buddhist missionaries from China introduced hand-printing technology into Japan around AD 768-770.
The oldest Japanese book, printed in AD 868, is the Buddhist Diamond Sutra and it contains six sheets
of text and woodcut illustrations.
SST-37

Or
Yes, translation can indeed help to popularize literary works written in one language among readers

of different languages.
3. How is over irrigation responsible for land degradation in Punjab? (1)
Or
How is cement industry responsible for land degradation?
Ans. In the states of Punjab and Haryana over irrigation is responsible for degradation due to water logging
leading to increase in salinity and alkalinity in the soil. In states like Madhya Pradesh and Orissa
deforestation due to mining has caused severe land degradation.
Or
The cement industry is largely responsible for the land degradation. It produces calcite and soapstone.
This creates a large quantity of dust which reduces the process of infiltration of water into the soil after
it settles down on the land.
4. How can democratic reforms be carried out by political conscious citizens? (1)
Ans. Democratic reforms can be carried out in the following manner:
(i) By increasing and improving the quality of participation by ordinary citizens in political matters.
(ii) Right to Recall, which was introduced in Lok Sabha, allows the citizens to replace any government
office holder.
(iii) Independent media to question the policies of political parties.
(iv) The reforms must be carried out by political activists and politically conscious people.
All these are necessary to uphold the principles of democracy and carry out reforms, ensuring its success.
5. What may be a goal of landless rural labourers regarding their income? (1)
Or
What may be a goal of prosperous farmer of Punjab?
Ans. Development goals for landless rural labourers are most days of work and better wages, local
schools, which are able to provide quality education for their children and there should not
be any social discrimination and they too can become leaders in the village.
Or
The development goal for prosperous farmers from Punjab can be as follows:
Better irrigation facilities: The farmers from Punjab wants better irrigation facilities to get good
harvest.
Support for high prices from Punjab government for their crops.
The farmers of Punjab want hardworking labour and cheap labour for their farms to earn more.
The farmers of Punjab also want to send their children abroad for better education and for the purpose
of better earnings.
6. Distinguish between ‘Primary’ and ‘Secondary’ Sector. (1)
Ans. Points of distinction are given in the table below
Primary sector:
1. It includes economic activities involving extraction and production of natural resources.
2. It provides raw materials to the Secondary sector.
3. Most of the activities are not dependent on Secondary sector.
4. Greater dependence on this sector indicates an underdeveloped economy.
5. e.g. agriculture, mining and forestry.
Secondary sector:
1. It processes natural resources.
2. It converts raw materials provided by primary activities into finished or semi-finished goods.

3. It is dependent on the Primary sector for supply of raw materials.

4. A shift of economic activities from Primary to Secondary sectors indicates a developing economy.
5. e.g. manufacturing and construction.
7. Why do banks or lenders demand collateral against loans? (1)
Ans. A secured loan is a loan that has collateral attached to it. This type of loan generally has a lower interest
rate because the bank is taking a lower risk because it can collect the collateral if the person defaults
on payments. A secured loan is a good way to build credit.
section B
8. How had Napoleonic code exported to the regions under French control? Explain with examples.
(3)
Or
Explain with examples the three barriers that are responsible to economic growth in Vietnam.
Ans. (a) The Civil Code of 1804 or the Napoleonic Code led to the introduction of many reforms which were
already introduced in France and other parts of Europe.
(b) The Civil Code was exported to the regions under French control in the Dutch Republic, Switzerland,
Italy and Germany.
(c) This code simplified the administrative divisions.
(d) It abolished the feudal system and freed the peasants from serfdom and manorial dues.
(e) Guild restrictions were removed.
(f) Transport and communications were improved.
Or
According to Paul Bernard, the three barriers that were responsible for the economic growth in Vietnam
were:
(a) High population level.
(b) Low agricultural productivity
(c) High level of indebtedness among peasants.
9. How had the Imperial State in China been the major producer of printed material for a long
time? Explain with examples. (3)
Or
How had novels been easily available to the masses in Europe during nineteenth century?
Explain with examples.
Ans. The Imperial State of China for a long time remain the major producer of printed material because
Chinese civil services examinations required use number or textbooks for its preparation and recruitment,
which were printed in vast numbers under the sponsorship of the Imperial State. From the 16th century
onwards the number of examination candidates went up and thus the volume of print also increased.
Or
During the nineteenth century novels were easily available due to the following reasons:
(a) Due to technological advancements and invention of printing machines novels were printed in large
quantities so their popularity rose in Europe.
(b) The popularity of novels spread due to better communication facilities.
(c) Development of transportation also facilitated in sending the novels to far flung areas.
(d) Public libraries were being set up during those days by rich and influential persons due to which
novels were easily available to masses.

10. Describe any three main features of ‘Rabi crop season.’(3)

Or
Describe any three main features of ‘Kharif crop season.’
Ans. The three main features of Rabi crop are:
1. Rabi crops are sown in winter from October to December and harvested in summer from April to
June.
2. Wheat, barley, peas, grams, and mustard are examples of Rabi crop.
3. During the winter months, the precipitation from western cyclone helps in the success of these crops.
Or

The three main features of Kharif crop are:
1. Kharif crops are grown with the onset of monsoon and harvested in September- October.
2. Paddy, jowar, maize, and bajra are examples of Kharif crop.
3. These crops receive rain from southwest monsoon winds.
11. “Water scarcity may be an outcome of large and growing population in India.” Analyse the
statement. (3)
Ans. (i) A large population means more water not only for domestic use but also to produce more food.
(ii) Most of the Indian cities are facing the problem of water due to growing population.
(iii) A growing population has also a direct impact on the water level.
(iv) With rise in population commercial activities and industry also rise. They too consume lot of water.
Moreover many industries flush their industrial waste into the rivers and streams thus making
them polluted and making water dirty and not fit for human consumption.
12. “The assertion of social diversities in a democratic country is very normal and can be healthy.”
Justify the statement with arguments. (3)
Or
“Social divisions affect politics.” Examine the statement.
Ans. It can be seen as very healthy and normal in democracy that each social class expresses their
feelings and thoughts. It creates a spark in other social class too to express their feelings as
one has done. But people have to fight to start expressing their grievance in front of others.
It needs to handles in a democratic way, giving everyone a chance to express their thoughts.
Or
A combination of social divisions and politics can be really dangerous. A democracy involves competition
among various political parties. As their competition tends to divide society, if they start competing in
terms of some existing social divisions, then it can convert those social divisions into political divisions,
which can lead to conflict, violence and even disintegration of the country. An example of this is the
disintegration of Yugoslavia into six independent countries.
However, the combination of social divisions and politics is not always negative. The political expression
of social divisions allows marginalised and disadvantaged social groups to express their grievances
and ask the government to rectify them. The system of reservation of seats in Indian legislatures for
the socially disadvantaged has allowed such social groups to have an adequate representation in the
decision-making process.
13. “Women still lag much behind men in India despite some improvements since independence.”
Analyse the statement. (3)
Ans. In our country, women still lag much behind men despite some improvements since Independence.
Women face disadvantage, discrimination and oppression in various ways:

(a) The literacy rate among women is only 54 percent as compared with 76 percent among men.
(b) Similarly, a smaller proportion of girl students go for higher studies. Girls are performing as well
as boys in school. But they drop out because parents prefer to spend their resources for their boys
education rather than spending equally on their sons and daughters.
(c) The proportion of women among the highly paid and valued jobs is still very small. On an average
an Indian women works one hour more than an average man everyday.
(d) The Equal Wages Act provides that equal wages should be paid to equal work. However in almost
all areas of work, from sports and cinema, to factories and fields, women are paid less than men,
even when both do exactly the same work.
(e) In many parts of India, parents prefer to have sons and find ways to have the girl child aborted
before she is born. Such sex selective abortion led to a decline in child sex ratio.
(f) Women face harassment, exploitation and violence on the domestic front.
14. How are political parties recognized as regional and national parties in India? Explain with
examples. (3)
Ans. In India political parties are recognised by the Election Commission of India. The Election Commission
has laid certain conditions for political parties to be recognised as a national or regional party. To be
recognised as a national party a political party has to fulfill any of these three conditions.
(i) Secure at least 6% of the valid votes in an Assembly or a Lok Sabha General Election in any four or
more states and won at least 4 seats in a Lok Sabha General Election from any State or States.
(ii) Win at least 2% of the total Lok Sabha seats in a Lok Sabha General Election and these seats have
to be won from at least 3 states.
(iii) The party is recognized as a State Party in at least four states.
To be recognised as a regional party a political party has to fulfill any of these five conditions:
(i) Secure at least 6% of the valid votes & win at least 2 seats in an Assembly General Election.
(ii) Secure at least 6% of the valid votes & win at least 1 seat in a Lok Sabha General Election.
(iii) Win at least 3% of the seats or at least 3 seats , whichever is more, in an Assembly General Election.
(iv) Win at least 1 out of every 25 seats from a state in a Lok Sabha General Election.
(v) Secure at least 8% of the total valid votes in an assembly or a Lok Sabha General Election.
We can take the example of Trinamool Congress. It is now recognized as a National Party as it has
satisfied the eligibility criteria for a State Party in the four states of West Bengal, Tripura, Manipur
and Arunachal Pradesh.
15. “Consequences of environmental degradation do not respect national or state boundaries.”
Justify the statement. (3)
Ans. Consequences of environmental degradation do not respect national or state boundaries and can be
seen in other parts of the country or world. This can be understood by following points.
(i) Land degradation affects the agricultural productivity of land as well as food security. Food
requirement of that region will be completed by importing food from other regions. It will create
additional pressure on the land resources of exporting regions.
(ii) Addition of greenhouse gases in atmosphere is responsible for increase in temperature. It affects
every part of the world whether it is developed or developing country.
(iii) Addition of chlorofluoro carbons in atmosphere is responsible for ozone depletion in Antarctic region.
Although source region of CFC can be any part of the world, it is a serious issue of concern for whole
world.
(iv) Pollution of water affected the availability of water in whole world.
(v) Pollution of air has created respiratory diseases in humans of all parts of the world because harmful
gases imbalanced the composition of atmosphere.

16. Why is the ‘tertiary sector’ becoming important in India? Explain any three reasons. (3)
Or
How do we count various goods and services for calculating Gross Domestic Product (G.D.P)
of a country? Explain with example.
Ans. Tertiary sector has become important in India because:
(i) Basic services like hospitals, education, post and telegraph, courts, etc. are the responsibility of the
government in developing countries.
(ii) Demand for services such as transport, trade, storage will increase with the development of primary
and secondary sectors.
(iii) Demand for tourism, shopping, private schools, private hospitals, etc. increases with the increase
in the level of income.
(iv) Rapid growth of services sector also benefitted from external demand such as software industry and
call centre services.
(v) Liberalisation of financial sector provided an environment for faster growth of financial services.
Or
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the total sum of the values of the final goods and services of the
primary, secondary and tertiary sector of economy of a country, produced during a year.
The counting of various goods and services for calculating GDP can be understood by the following
example:
Wheat and flour are intermediate goods used for making final product like bread and biscuit. Intermediate
product should not be counted in the figure of GDP. Biscuit and bread are the final products, prepared
using flour and other ingredients like sugar, salt, oil etc.
Only the final products are reaching the actual consumer. The value of intermediate products is already
counted in the final product and if this is again counted, it will lead to double counting, causing an error
in the estimation of GDP.
17. Describe the importance of formal sources of credit in the economic development. (3)
Or
Describe the bad effects of informal sources of credit on borrowers.
Ans. The importance of formal sources of credit in economic development are mentioned below:
1. The formal sources of credit consist of banks and cooperative societies.
2. The credit activities of the sector are supervised by the Reserve Bank of India.
3. It provides credit to all at a low rate of interest.
4. This is a better source of credit as compared to the informal sources of credit.
5. The informal sources of credit include moneylenders, traders, lenders, relatives, and friends.
6. The informal sources of credit exploit the people by charging exorbitant rate of interest.
Or
The bad effects of the informal sources of credit on borrowers are mentioned below:
1. The informal sources of credit include moneylenders, traders, lenders, relatives, and friends.
2. The informal sources of credit exploit the people by charging exorbitant rate of interest. This makes
the cost of borrowing even higher.
3. The higher cost of borrowing indicates that a large part of the earning of the borrowers will be used
to repay the loan. They will have less income left for themselves.
4. Those people who wish to start their own business by borrowing may not be able to do so due to this
high cost.

18. How can consumers use their ‘Right to Seek Redressal’? Explain with example. (3)
Ans. Consumers have the right to redressal:
1. If any kind of damage happens to the consumer, he/she has the right to get the compensation
depending upon the amount of damage.
2. A three-tier quasi-judicial machinery has been set up in India for redressal of consumer disputes
under COPRA.
3. For example, if a person's money order hasn't reached its destination and the post office refuses
to respond well to his query. The person can go to the consumer court of the district level to seek
redressal.
section C
19. Who had organized the dalits into the ‘Depressed Classes Association’ in 1930? Describe his
achievements. (5)
Or
Define the term ‘Civil Disobedience Movement.’ Describe the participation of rich and poor
peasant communities in the ‘Civil Disobedience Movement.’
Ans. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar had organized the Dalit into Depressed Classes Association’ in 1930. His achievements
are mentioned below:
1. At the Second Round Table Conference, he debated with Mahatma Gandhi on demanding a separate
electorate for Dalits.
2. Due to his efforts, Dalits were given reservation in the provincial and central legislative council.
3. He always worked for the improvement of the status of Dalits.
4. He was also the Chairman of the drafting committee in the Constituent Assembly and is the main
architect behind the Constitution of India.
Or
Civil Disobedience Movement means the refusal of the general public to accept the laws, orders,
commands and rules of the governing authority of the country. Since it is usually carried out in a non-
violent manner, it is termed as civil disobedience.
1. In the Civil Disobedience Movement, people were asked to withdraw their cooperation from the
British and break the colonial laws.
2. Thousands of people broke the salt law all over the country.
3. The rich peasant communities were very active in this movement because they had greatly suffered
by the trade depression and the fall of agriculture. This included the Patidars of Gujarat and the
Jats of Uttar Pradesh.
4. They fought for freedom because it was a fight against high revenues.
5. Congress did not support the no rent campaign of poor peasants. This was because they not only
demanded the reduction of revenue but also, they wanted the unpaid rent to the landlord to be
remitted.
20. “Indian trade had played a crucial role in the late nineteenth century world economy.” Analyze
the statement.(5)
Or
“Series of changes affected the pattern of industrialization in India by the early twentieth
century.” Analyze the statement.
Or
“Industrialization had changed the form of urbanization in the modern period.” Analyze the
statement with special reference of London.

Ans. 1. British had a trade surplus with India. The value of exports was greater than the value of imports.
This surplus was used to balance its trade deficit with other countries.
2. This surplus was also used to pay the home charges including the private remittances by the British
officials and traders, interest payment on India's external debt and pensions of the British officials
in India.
3. Many indentured workers from Bihar, Uttar Pradesh and Central India migrated to other countries
in search of work in mines and plantations.
4. India was a provider of cotton as a raw material to the cotton textile industries in Britain.
5. India became an important market for final goods of cotton textile.
Or
A series of charge affected the pattern of industrialization in India by the early twentieth century. This
statement can be analyzed by the following points:
1. With the spread of the Swadeshi movement, the nationalists encouraged the people to boycott foreign
clothes and other materials.
2. The export of yarn from India to China had declined from 1906. India shifted from yarn to cloth
production.
3. During the First world war, the British industries were busy in producing war-related goods. The
exports of goods to India declined. This gave a good opportunity to Indian industries to develop.
4. In the later stages of the war, the Indian industries were asked to produce goods such as uniforms,
tents, horse and mule saddles, boots, etc. This led to the setting up of new industries.
5. Gradually, the Indian industrialists developed and the British industries declined. The handicraft
industry also expanded during this period.
Or
“Industrialization had changed the form of urbanization in the modern period’. This statement is
explained below:
1. Industrialisation changed the form of urbanization in the modern period.
2. Leeds and Manchester attracted many rural migrants to work in mills and factories.
3. The population of these cities increased and was mainly occupied by the rural migrants.
4. Urbanization led to migration and overpopulation.
5. In 1851, more than 75% of the people living in these cities were migrants.
21. How are industries responsible for environmental degradation in India? Explain with
examples. (5)
Ans. Industries are responsible for environment degradation in India in the following ways:
1. Industries contribute significantly to India's economy and development but the increase in the number
of industries has also lead to an increase in the level of pollution of land, water, and air. This has
led to the degradation of the environment.
2. There are four types of pollution caused by industries—air pollution, land pollution, water pollution,
and noise pollution.
3. Air pollution is caused by the presence of undesirable gases such as Sulphur dioxide and carbon
monoxide in a high proportion.
4. Land pollution is caused by the dumping of waste by the industries.
5. Water pollution is caused by organic and inorganic industrial waste and effluents discharged into
the river.
6. Noise pollution is caused by industrial machinery which creates a lot of noise and is a source of
annoyance.
22. “Roadways still have an edge over railways in India.” Support the statement with examples.
(5)
Ans. Roadways have an edge over railways in the following ways:
1. Roads require less investment as compared to railway, and maintenance cost is also low.
2. Roads provide door to door personal service, while railways cannot.

3. Roads can be built at higher altitudes, forested areas, and deserts.

4. Road transportation is flexible. Moreover, it is available for 24 hours.
5. The road system facilitates the transportation of perishable goods, thereby stimulating their
production. For example, transportation of sugarcane to sugar mills has to be done immediately,
which can be done through roadways.
23. Compare the situation of Belgium and Sri Lanka considering their location, size and cultural
aspects. (5)
Or
How is the idea of power sharing emerged? Explain different forms that have common
arrangements of power sharing.
Ans. Belgium and Sri Lanka are democratic countries having diverse social setups. Yet, both took completely
different approaches when it came to sharing of power.
Belgium accommodated the interests of its two main ethnic groups i.e., Dutch and French by formulating
a power-sharing arrangement that gave both an equal opportunity in the working of the government.
The Belgians realized that the only way of securing the country’s political stability and unity was by
giving both the communities an equal representation in the government. In this manner, feelings of
resentment towards the other community were not allowed to flourish in Belgium. The power-sharing
arrangement in Belgium, although complex, has been running smoothly over the years.
Sri Lanka, on the other hand, took a different stand with respect to power sharing. The government in
Sri Lanka was completely dominated by the majority Sinhala-speaking population, thereby ignoring the
Tamil people. Power was concentrated in the hands of only one community, thereby undermining the
interests of the others. This approach proved catastrophic for the unity of Sri Lanka. Over the years,
Sri Lanka has been riddled with civil wars and political instability. Refusal to share power has resulted
in the weakening of the country.
24. Describe the importance of democratic government as an accountable and legitimate
government. (5)
Ans. Democracy Produces an Accountable Government: Democracy produces an accountable
governments, as the people has the right to choose their representatives through the electoral process.
These elected representatives form the government and participate in the decision making process on
behalf of the people. If these elected representatives do not work in a proper way, people have a chance
to not elect them in the next election.
Democracy Produces Responsive Government: Democratic governments are elected by the people
and are responsible towards the people and Parliament. These governments promote the formation of
public opinion and take care of the needs and expectations of the people.
Democracy Produces Legitimate Government: Democratic government is a legitimate government
because regular elections are its key feature. After five years, elections are held for the legislature and
people elect their government on the basis of their right to vote (universal adult franchise). The party
which secures the majority forms the government. In the next election, if it loses the majority, it has to
resign from office. Beside elections, the decisions in a democratic government are taken in a transparent
manner.
25. Why do multinational corporations (MNCs) set up their offices and factories in certain areas
only? Explain any five reasons. (5)
Ans. Multinational corporation for MNC set up their offices and factories only in certain areas due to the
following reasons:
1. A multinational corporation is set up in those areas where there is easily available raw material
in abundance. This will save the cost of procuring raw material and transporting it to their site of
manufacturing.
2. It is set up in an area which has good transportation facilities from the manufacturing area to the
market area.

3. Another factor considered in setting up of an MNC is the easy accessibility to the market.
4. MNCs are also willing to set up in those areas which have favourable government policies.
5. Availability of cheap labour is also considered.
Section D (Map Questions)

26. (A) Two features (a) and (b) are marked on the given political outline map of India. Identify
these features with the help of the following information and write their correct names on
the lines marked near them.(2)
(b) The city where Jallianwalla Bagh incident took place.
Locate and label any three of the following with appropriate symbols on the same given
(B)
outline political map of India. (3)
(i) Kalpakkam – Nuclear Power Plant (ii) Vijayanagar – Iron and Steel Plant
(iii) Noida – Software Technology Park (iv) Paradip – Sea Port
(v) Sardar Sarovar – Dam

MRP: 598.00

SOCIAL SCIENCE – X SST-47
Series : TYM SET-1
Code No. 32/1

CBSE EXAMINATION PAPER–2018
SOCIAL SCIENCE
Class X (Solved )
Time allowed : 3 hours Maximum Marks : 80
1. The question paper has 26 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.
2. Marks are indicated against each question.
3. Questions from serial number 1 to 7 are Very Short Answer Questions. Each question carries 1 mark.
4. Questions from serial number 8 to 18 are 3 marks questions. Answers of these questions should not exceed
80 words each.
5. Questions from serial number 19 to 25 are 5 marks questions. Answer of these questions should not exceed
100 words each.
6. Question number 26 is a map question. It has two parts 26(A) and 26(B). 26(A) of 2 marks from History
and 26(B) of 3 marks from Geography. After completion attach the map inside your answer book.
7. There is no overall choice. However, internal choice has been provided in some questions. You have to
attempt only one of the alternatives in all such-questions.
1. Why were big European powers met in Berlin in 1885? 1

Or
Why were merchants from towns in Europe began to move countryside in seventeenth
and eighteenth centuries?
Or
Why did Charles Booth, a Liverpool ship owner conduct the first social survey of low
skilled workers in the East End of London in 1887?
Ans. Big European powers met in Berlin in 1885 to complete the carving up of Africa between them.
Or
Merchants from towns in Europe began to move to the countryside in seventeenth and eighteenth
centuries to supply money to peasants and artisans, persuading them to produce for an international
market. Merchants because of powerful urban crafts and trade guilds could not expand production
within towns.
Or
Charles Booth, a Liverpool ship owner conducted his first social survey in East End of London in
1887 because poverty not unknown in the countryside was more concentrated and starkly visible in
the city.
2. Why did the Roman Catholic Church impose control over publishers and booksellers?
(1)
Or
Why do novels use vernacular?
Ans. The Roman Catholic Church imposed control over publishers and booksellers because it was troubled
by many distinctive, individual interpretations of faith even among little educated working people,
and effects of popular readings and questioning of faith.
SST-47
SST-48 CBSE EXAMINATION PAPER–2018
Or
Novels use vernacular because it helped spread popularity of the novel, stimulated the growth of
novel in new areas and helped in creating a sense of collective belonging on the basis of one’s
language.
3. Classify resources on the basis of origin. (1)
Ans. Resources based on origin:
(i) Biotic
(ii) Abiotic
4. ‘A challenge is not just any problem but an opportunity for progress.’ Analyse the statement. (1)
Ans. A challenge means a demanding situation that requires some kind of action. A challenge is not just
any problem. We call only those difficulties a challenge which are significant and which can be
overcome. A challenge is a difficulty that carries within it an opportunity for progress. Once we
overcome a challenge,we go upto a higher level than before.
5. State any two goals of development other than income. (½ + ½ = 1)
Ans. People seek goals other than income which includes:
(i) Equal treatment where no discrimination exists on the basis of caste, region and religion.
(ii) Security of the life and property.
6. When we produce goods by exploiting natural resources, in which category of economic
sector such activities come? (1)
Ans. Producing goods by exploiting natural resources come in the category of secondary sector or
manufacturing sector.
7. Give any two examples of informal sector of credit. (1)
Ans. Two examples of informal credit are credit from moneylenders and credit from landlords.
8. Describe the impact of ‘Rinderpest’ on people’s livelihoods and local economy in Africa
in the 1890s. (3 × 1 = 3)
Or
Describe any three major problems faced by Indian cotton weavers in nineteenth century.
Or
Describe any three steps taken to clean up London during nineteenth century.
Ans. The impact of ‘Rinderpest’ on people’s livelihoods and local economy in Africa in the 1890’s was:
(i) Rinderpest killed 90 percent of the cattle. The loss of cattle destroyed African livelihoods.
(ii) Planters, mine owners and colonial governments now successfully monopolised the scarce cattle
resources. It strengthened colonial governments’ power. Africans were forced into the labour
market, which earlier they were reluctant to do due to abundance of land and cattle stock.
(iii) Control over scarce resources of cattle enabled the European colonisers to conquer and subdue
Africa.
Or
Major problems faced by Indian weavers in the nineteenth century were:
(i) Ruin of ‘native’ manufactures: By the turn of the 19th century, cotton weavers faced
problems—their export market collapsed and the local market shrank. Manchester goods were
imported into the country in such profusion and they were so cheap, durable and showy that
the native weavers could not compete with them.

(ii) Weavers forced to give up ancestral profession: By 1850s, several weaving regions of
India declined. Many weavers e.g.,khostis of central provinces emigrated in large numbers to
other regions. Yet others worked as day labourers.
(iii) Raw cotton: By 1860s weavers faced an additional problem. They could not get sufficient
supply of good quality cotton. With the breakout of the Civil War in America, Britain turned
to India to meet the needs of its industries for raw cotton. As raw cotton exports from India
increased, weavers at home were starved of supplies of good cotton. The weavers were forced
to buy raw cotton at exorbitant prices. This took away their meagre earning.
Or
Among the steps taken to clean up London during the nineteenth century were:
(i) Attempts were made to decongest localities by building large blocks of apartments akin to those
in Berlin and New York to house the poor.
(ii) Rent control was introduced to ease the impact of severe housing shortage e.g., during First
World War.
(iii) Development of suburbs for housing and providing underground railway to carry large masses
of people to and from the city e.g., New Earswick, a garden suburb.
9. “The ‘Print Revolution’ had transformed the lives of people changing their relationship
to information and knowledge.”Analyse the statement. (3 ×1=3)
Or
Distinguish between the themes of ‘Pride and Prejudice’ and ‘Jane Eyre’ novels written
by Jane Austen and Charlotte Bronte respectively.
Ans. The Print Revolution transformed the lives of people:
(i) Access to books created a new culture of reading. Earlier reading was restricted to the elites and
the common people lived in the world of oral culture. Knowledge was transferred orally. People
collectively heard a story. Now people could read a book individually and silently, while earlier
there was a hearing public, now a reading public came into being. Oral culture entered print.
The hearing public and reading public became intermingled.
(ii) Print created the possibility of widecirculation of ideas and introduced a new world of debate
and discussion. Print influenced popular perceptions and opened up new ways of looking at
things. Through printed message people could persuade people to think differently and move
them to action. Example: Martin Luther.
(iii) Print enabled develop new forms of popular literature and periodical press that combined
information about current affairs with informations. Newspapers and journals carried information
about wars and trade as well as news of development. Ideas of scientists and philosophers now
became more accessible to the common people.
Or
Both Jane Austen and Charlotte Bronte famous women novelists of 19th century England explored
the world of women, their emotions and identities, their experiences and problems.
(i) Jane Austen in her novel ‘Pride and Prejudice’ wrote about women in genteel rural society. A
society which encouraged women to look for good marriages and find wealthy and propertied
husbands.
(ii) Jane’s novel apart from domestic life of women also reflects on men’s prejudices against women.
(iii) Charlotte Bronte’s ‘Jane Eyre’ dealt with young girls who broke established norms of society
before adjusting to them. Girls who were independent and assertive, smart to see through and
blunt about hypocrisy of elders while girls of the time were expected to be quiet and well
behaved.

10. How has the ever increasing number of industries in India made worse position by
exerting pressure on existing fresh water resources? Explain. (3 × 1 = 3)
Ans. ❐ The ever increasing number of industries has made matters worse as they have exerted pressure
on existing fresh water resources.
– Industries, apart from being heavy users of water, also require power to run them.
❐ Multiplying urban centres with large and dense populations and urban lifestyles have not only
added to water and energy requirement but also have further aggravated the problem of water
scarcity.
❐ Most of the housing societies or colonies in the cities have their own groundwater pumping
devices to meet their water needs. They use more water than their requirements. Therefore, the
fragile water resources are over-exploited. Thus, resulting in their depletion in several cities.
11. “Dense and efficient network of transport is a pre-requisite for local and national development.”
Analyse the statement. (3 × 1 = 3)
Ans. ❐ With the development of science and technology the area of influence of trade and transport are
expanded far and wide.
❐ Trades from local to international levels has added to the vitality of its economy.
❐ Thus dense and efficient means of transport is a pre-requisite for local and national development.
12. Describe any three provisions of amendment made in ‘Indian constitution’ in 1992 for
making ‘Three-Tier’ government more effective and powerful. (3 × 1 = 3)
Ans. The three provisions of the Constitutional amendment Act passed in 1992 for making three-tier
government of democracy more effective and powerful are:
1. The Act gave Constitutional status to the Panchayati Raj institutions. Now it is mandatory to
hold regular elections to local government bodies.
2. An independent institution called the ‘State Election Commission’ has been created in each
state to conduct Panchayat and Municipal elections.
3. Before the passing of this Act, the local governments did not had powers or resources of their
own to carry out the development activities. After the amendment state governments are
required to share some sources of revenue with the local governments to enable them to carry
out the development activities.
4. Seats are reserved in the elected bodies and the executive heads of these institutions for the
Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes,Other Backward Classes and women.
13. Explain the three factors that are crucial in deciding the outcome of politics of social
divisions. (3 × 1 = 3)
Ans. Three factors are crucial in deciding the outcome of politics of social divisions:
(i) Role of People’s identity:
❐ If people see their identities in singular and exclusive terms i.e., their interest being the most
important (selfish interest), then it becomes impossible to accommodate.
❐ In Northern Ireland people saw themselves as only Catholic or Protestant, their differences were
difficult to accommodate.
❐ If people see themselves having multiple identities and are willing to accommodate their interest
then there will be less problems.
❐ This is also true with Indian case. This helps them to stay together.
(ii) Role of political parties and political leaders in raising the demands of any community:
❐ It is easier to accommodate demands and interest raised by political leaders of any community
if they are demanded within the constitutional framework and are not at the cost of another
community.
❐ The demand for ‘only Sinhala’ was threat to the identity of the Tamil community in Sri Lanka.
(Majoritarianism).
(iii) Response of government to the various demands of different groups:

❐ The success and unity of the nation depends on the way government responds to the various
demands of the community.
❐ If the government is willing to share power and accommodate the reasonable demands of
minority community, social divisions become less threatening for the country.
❐ But if they try to suppress such a demand in the name of national unity, the end result is often
quite the opposite. This can be seen in case of Sri Lanka.
14. “Secularism is not an ideology of some political parties or persons, but it is one of the foundations
of our country.” Examine the statement. (3 × 1 = 3)
Ans. We agree with the above statement. Since communalism was and continues to be one of the major
challenges to democracy in our country. The framers of our Constitution chose the model of a secular
state. It is clear from the following Constitutional provisions:
1. There is no official religion of the Indian state and it does not treat any religion in a special way.
2. The constitution provides to all individuals and communities freedom to profess practice and
propagate any religion of his / her choice.
3. The Constitution prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion.
4. At the same time, to ensure equality within religious communities, government intervenes as
and when it is required to ensure equality within a religion. For example untouchability and
Sati system have been banned.
15. How is the issue of sustainability important for development? Explain with examples.
(3 × 1 = 3)
Ans. The issue of sustainability of development is important in the sense that the resources used to
achieve current development levels need to be present in future too for further development. However,
there are resources which are non-renewable and will exhaust after some years. The examples of
non-renewable resources are crude oil and ground water. In order to sustain current levels of
development, these non-renewable resources should be used judiciously and alternate sources of
energy needs to be found.
16. Distinguish the service conditions of organised sector with that of unorganised sector.
(3 × 1 = 3)
Ans. Workers in the organised sector enjoy security of employment. They are expected to work only a
fixed number of hours. If they work more, they have to be paid overtime by the employer. They also
get several other benefits from the employers like paid leaves, medical benefits, insurance etc.
Workers in the unorganised sector are low-paid and often not in regular employment. There is no
provision for overtime, paid leaves, holidays, leave due to sickness etc. Employment is not secure.
People can be asked to leaves without any reason. When there is less work, such as during some
seasons, some people may be asked to leave.
17. Why is cheap and affordable credit important for the country’s development? Explain
any three reasons. (3 × 1 = 3)
Ans. Banks and cooperative societies need to lend more at lower interest rate. Cheap and affordable credit
would lead to higher incomes and many people could then borrow cheaply for a variety of needs.
They could grow crops, do business, set up small-scale industries etc. They could set up new industries
or trade in goods. This will enhance economic activities in the economy in form of higher employment,
income, production and consumption.
18. How can consumer awareness be spread among consumers to avoid exploitation in the
market place? Explain any three ways. (3 × 1 = 3)

Ans. There is a need of consumer consciousness because traders and sellers may exploit consumers if
consumers do not remain conscious to the goods and services sold to them.
The following are the examples which can explain the need for consumer consciousness:
(i) Seller may underweigh the goods sold to the consumers like including the weight of sweet box
along with the sweets sold to the consumer or using defective weighing machine.
(ii) Taxi driver or three wheeler may tamper with the metre to charge higher amount from the
commuters then the actual charge.
(iii) Always buy the goods as per the MRP printed on the items they are buying.
19. Describe the explosive conditions prevailed in Balkans after 1871 in Europe. (5 × 1 = 5)
Or
Describe the role of different religious groups in the developments of anti-colonial feelings
in Vietnam.
Ans. The explosive conditions that prevailed in Balkans after 1871 in Europe were:
(i) Balkans was a region of geographical and ethnic nations comprising modern day Romania,
Bulgaria, Albania, Greece, Macedonia, Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Slovenia, Serbia and
Montenegro whose inhabitants were broadly known as Slavs.
(ii) Since long a large part of Balkans was under the control of the Ottoman Turks. Despite
attempts at modernisation and internal reforms, nineteenth century saw the weakening of the
Ottoman empire. The spread of romantic nationalism together with disintegration of Ottoman
Empire made this region very explosive.
(iii) Dismemberment of the Ottoman empire fuelled the aspirations of subject nationalitites for
independence. Many broke away from its control and declared independence.
(iv) Balkan states were fiercely jealous of each other and hoped to expand at each other’s expense.
As they struggled to define their identities and independence the Balkan area became an area
of intense conflict. The European powers manipulated the nationalist aspiration of the subjects
to fulfill their own imperialist designs.
(v) Moreover, this was a period of intense rivalry among the European powers over trade and
colonies as well as naval and military might. Matters got further complicated because the
dismembering of Ottoman empire with its Balkan states became a scene of big power rivalry.
Each power was keen on countering the hold of the other power and extending its own control.
Thus, conditions in Balkans became explosive after 1871 because of the national aspirations of the
Balkan states on the one hand and the imperialist designs of European power (Russia, Germany,
England, Austro-Hungary).
Or
Religion played an important role in uniting Vietnamese against colonial control.
(i) Vietnam’s religious beliefs were a mixture of Buddhism, Confucianism and local practices. The
French missionaries introduced Christianity in Vietnam and tried to convert the Vietnamese to
Christianity.
(ii) The Scholars Revolt led by officials of the Imperial Court occurred in 1868 because these
officials were angered by the French missionaries’ attempts to spread Christianity and convert
the Vietnamese to the Christian religion and assert French power.
(iii) They led a general uprising in the provinces of Ngu An and Ha Tien where a thousand
Catholics were killed. The French successfully crushed the movement. But the revolt was
significant for it served as inspiration for other patriots to rise up against the colonial power.
(iv) Another movement called Hoa Hao, founded by Huynh Phu So started in 1939, in the fertile
Mekong delta area. It drew on religious ideas popular in anti French uprisings in the
19th century.
(v) Through his movement Huynh Phu So tried to address many social evils like sale of child
brides, gambling, use of alcohol and opium. The French tried to suppress the movement and
declared him mad, and sent him to a mental asylum. When the French doctors pronounced him
sane, he was exiled to Laos. Many of his followers were deported to concentration camps:
Though religious movements like Hoa Hao and others based on Vietnamese popular traditions were
put down with a heavy hand by the French.
The movements played a significant role in arousing anti-imperialist and anti-colonial sentiments.
20. How did Non-Cooperation Movement start with participation of middle class people in
the cities? Explain its impact on the economic front. (5 × 1 = 5)
Or
Why was Congress reluctant to allow women to hold any position of authority within the
organisation? How did women participate in Civil Disobedience Movement? Explain.
Ans. Non-Cooperation Movement started in January 1921 with participation of middle class people in the
cities:
(i) Thousands of students left government-controlled schools and colleges, headmasters and teachers
resigned and lawyers gave up their legal practices.
(ii) The council elections were boycotted in most provinces except Madras, where Justice Party, the
party of non-Brahmins felt entering council was one way of gaining some power.
Impact on the economic front:
(iii) Foreign goods were boycotted, liquor shops picketed, and foreign cloth burnt in huge bonfires.
(iv) The import of foreign cloth halved between 1921 and 1922 and in many places merchants and
traders refused to trade in foreign goods or finance foreign trade.
(v) Production of Indian textile mills and handlooms went up, as people began discarding imported
clothes and wearing only Indian ones.
Or
Congress was reluctant to allow women to hold any position of authority within the organisation
because:
(i) Gandhiji was convinced that it was the duty of women to look after home and health, be good
mothers and good wives.
(ii) The Congress was keen only on the symbolic presence of women.
Women participated on a large scale in the Civil Disobedience Movement.
(iii) During Gandhiji’s salt march thousands of women came out of their homes to listen to him.
They participated in protest marches and manufactured salt. They picketed foreign cloth and
liquor shops.
(iv) Many went to jail. In urban areas these women were from high-caste families. In rural areas
they came from rich peasant households.
(v) Moved by Gandhiji’s call they began to see service to the nation as a sacred duty of women.
21. “The Government of India has introduced various institutional and technological reforms
to improve agriculture in the 1980s and 1990s.” Support this statement with examples.
(5 × 1 = 5)
Or
Compare ‘intensive subsistence farming’ with that of ‘commercial farming’ practiced in
India.
Ans. ❐ Collectivisation, consolidation of holdings, cooperation and abolition of zamindars were on the
priority as institutional reforms after independence.

❐ The main focus of our first five year plan was ‘land reform’.
❐ The right of inheritance lead to fragmentation of land holdings necessitating consolidation of
holdings.
❐ In 1960s and 1970s our government introduced the strategies of the Green Revolution and the
White Revolution based on the use of package technology to improve Indian agriculture.
❐ In 1980s and 1990s, a comprehensive land development programme was initiated.
❐ Other schemes of government are Kisan Credit Card, Personal Accident Insurance Scheme and
special weather bulletins and agricultural programmes for farmers.
❐ Minimum support price, remunerative and procurement prices were announced by the Govt. for
important crops to check the exploitation of farmers by speculators and middlemen.
Or
Distinction between intensive subsistence farming and commercial farming
Basis Intensive Subsistence Commercial Farming
Farming
Natural Labour intensive Capital intensive.
Area This farming is practiced This farming is
in small areas. practiced in large areas.
Productivity In this type of farming In this farming productivity
productivity is enhanced is enhanced through higher
through the bio-chemical doses of modern inputs and
inputs. machines.
Purpose Crops are raised for personal Crops are grown for
consumption in this type commercial purpose in this
of farming. type of farming.
Crops Food grains, fruits and Cash crops and cereals.
vegetables.
22. Why is the economic strength of a country measured by the development of manufacturing
industries? Explain with examples. (5 × 1 = 5)
Ans. ❐ Manufacturing sector is considered the backbone of development in general and economic
development in particular.
❐ The level of the development of manufacturing industries decides the strength of a country’s
economy.
❐ Contribution of Industry to National Economy
(i) Employment for a large number of skilled as well as unskilled workers.
(ii) Reduce dependence on agriculture by providing alternative employment opportunities in a
factory.
(iii) Provide better standard of living.
(iv) Export provide foreign exchange to nation.
23. Describe any five major functions of political parties performed in a democracy.
(5 × 1 = 5)
Ans. Political parties perform a number of functions in a democratic state. These are as follows:
1. To contest elections: In most democracies, elections are fought mainly among the candidates
put up by political parties. They put up candidates for the election and try to get them elected.
2. Different policies and programmes: Different political parties put up their policies and
programmes before the voters. In democracy, people hold different views and policies on what

policies are useful for the society and the country. Political parties group various opinions
together and provide a direction in which policies can be framed by the government. A
government is expected to frame its policies on the line taken by the ruling parties.
3. Role in making laws for the country: Although laws are passed by the legislature, yet the
members who belong to one party or the other go by the directions given by their parties
irrespective of their personal opinions.
4. To form and run the government: The party which gets an absolute majority in the
legislature forms the government and runs the administration of the country.
5. Role of opposition: Political parties which lose in the election, form the opposition. They
criticise the government for its wrong policies and keep it under check. They also mobilise
opposition to the government.
6. To shape public opinion: Political parties through their public meetings and the media,
educate the masses about the various problems facing the country at a particular time. Sometimes,
they also launch movements for the resolution of problems faced by the people. This helps in
the formation of public opinion.
7. Access to government machinery and welfare schemes of the government: For an
ordinary citizen it is easier to approach a local party leader than a government officer, Local
party leaders help an ordinary citizens to get their work done.
24. “Democracy stands much superior to any other form of government in promoting dignity
and freedom of the individual.” Justify this statement. (5 × 1 = 5)
Or
“Democracies lead to peaceful and harmonious life among citizens.”Justify this statement.
Ans. Democracy is considered much superior to any other form of government in promoting freedom and
dignity of the individual due to the following reasons.
Every individual wants to receive respect from fellow persons. The passions and freedom are the
basis of the democracy.
(i) It enhances dignity of the individual as it gives equal rights and freedoms to all the individuals.
It treats all the individuals equally.
(ii) It gives right to vote and right to fight elections to all the citizens. All enjoy the right to get
elected and become a part of the decision-making machinery or even government.
(iii) Democracy provides an effective and acceptable method to resolve disputes and gives chance
to correct the mistakes.
• But in democracy also there are some examples where rulers behave like dictators.
Example: Emergency was declared in June 1975 by Indira Gandhi, then prime minister. She
behaved like a dictator during that period.
Or
Democracy is a government which is based on consultations and discussions. It provides a peaceful
decision to every problem as it provides the best method of dealing with differences of opinions and
conflicts.
In a country like India where people have diversity of religion, caste, creeds, and languages, discussions
provide a peaceful solution to problems. Moreover, it is only in a democracy that mistakes are
admitted and all attempts are made to correct those mistakes.
In democracy, all the citizens are equal and enjoy equal, social and political rights. It gives a chance

to every citizen to express his/her views on every issue being faced by them. This atmosphere leads
to peaceful are harmonious life among citizens.
However, it is to be noticed that no society can fully and permanently resolve conflicts among
different groups. But we can definitely learn to respect these differences and we can also evolve
mechanisms to negotiate the differences. Democracy is best suited to produce this outcome.
Examples:
❐ The policy of ‘Accommodation’, adopted by Belgium is a clear example as to how people have
successfully negotiated differences among ethnic population.
❐ Similarly in India, minority communities have been given special rights in many fields, such
as to run their educational institutions independently.
25. How has foreign trade been integrating markets of different countries? Explain with
examples. (5 × 1 = 5)
Or
How do we feel the impact of globalisation on our daily life? Explain with examples.
Ans. Impact of globalisation on consumers-Globalisation and greater competition among producers
– both local and foreign producers – has been of advantage to consumers, particularly the well-off
sections in the urban areas. There is greater choice before these consumers who now enjoy improved
quality and lower prices for several products. As a result, these people today, enjoy much higher
standards of living than was possible earlier.
Impact of globalisation on producers-Multinational companies (MNCs) have increased their
investments in India over the past 15 years, which means investing in India has been beneficial for
them. MNCs have been interested in industries such as cell phones, automobiles, electronics, soft
drinks, fast food or services such as banking in urban areas. Local companies supplying raw materials,
etc. to these industries have prospered.
Impact of globalisation on Indian companies-Several of the top Indian companies have been
able to benefit from the increased competition. They have invested in newer technology and production
methods and raised their production standards. Some have gained from successful collaborations
with foreign companies Moreover, globalisation has enabled some large Indian companies to emerge
as multinational themselves! Tata Motors (automobiles), Infosys (IT), Ranbaxy (medicines), Asian
Paints (paints), Sundaram Fasteners (nuts and bolts).
Or
Advantages to consumers:
The consumers receive advantages due to globalisation.
❐ As a result of globalisation national and international producers compete with each other.
❐ In return the consumers benefit both in terms of low price and better quality of products they
receive.
❐ Moreover, the consumers have variety of products at their end.
Advantages to producers:
Producers have been benefitted from globalisation in terms of better technology, management practices
and expanded global markets. Producers can deploy efficient production processes to reduce cost of
manufacture and sell in domestic as well as international markets.

26. (A) Two features (a) and (b) are marked on the given political outline map of India.
Identify these features with the help of the following information and write their
correct names on the lines marked near them: (2)
(b) The place where Gandhiji organized ‘Satyagraha’ in favour of cotton mill workers.
(B) Locate and label the following with appropriate symbols on the same given outline
political map of India. (3)
(i) Raja Sansi – International Airport
(ii) Bhadravati – Iron and Steel Plant
(iii) Software Technology Park of West Bengal
Ans.

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SST Golden Sample PPR

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2021

Click Here to Buy Main Book Online

Click Here to Buy the Book Online

IN INDIA Visit us at www.newagegolden.com

Time: 3 Hrs. Max. Marks: 80

No. Units No. of Periods Marks

I India and the Contemporary World – II 46 20

III Democratic Politics – II 27 20

IV Understanding Economic Development 44 20

Unit 1: India and the Contemporary World – II 46 Periods

Themes Learning Objectives

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•• Factories Come Up •• Enable them to understand industrialization in the

Unit 2: Contemporary – II 34 Periods

Themes Learning Objectives

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Unit 3: Democratic Politics – II 27 Periods

Themes Learning Objectives

1. Power Sharing •• Familiarize with the centrality of power sharing in a

2. Federalism •• Analyse federal provisions and institutions.

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Unit 4: Understanding Economic Development 44 Periods

Themes Learning Objectives

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S.No. Aspects Marks

(a) Content accuracy originality and analysis 2

(b) Presentaion and creativity 2

(c) Viva Voce 1

PRESCRIBED BOOKS: 20 Marks

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Time: 3 Hours Maximum Marks : 80

Sr. No. Competencies Total Marks % Weightage

1 Remembering and Understanding: Exhibiting memory of previously learned 28 35%

2 Applying: Solving problems to new situations by applying acquired knowledge, 15 18.75%

3 Formulating, Analysing, Evaluating and Creating: Examining and breaking 32 40%

4 Map Skill 5 6.25%

Periodic Assessment 10 Marks Pen Paper Test 5 marks

Portfolio 5 Marks •• Classwork and Assignments

Subject Enrichment 5 Marks •• Project Work

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A. HISTORY (Outline Political Map of India)

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Click Here to Buy Main Book Online

Click Here to Buy the Book Online

IN INDIA Visit us at www.newagegolden.com

CBSE SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER 2020-21

Time allowed: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 80

SECTION A – OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS

D. Treaty of Constantinople (History Page 13)

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• Lacks humus and moisture (Geography Page 75)

Countries Monthly Income of Citizens in four countries in 2018

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Click Here to Buy Main Book Online

C. It has always given only positive results in all the countries

Click Here to Buy Main Book Online

Click Here to Buy Main Book Online

Unit 1: India and the Contemporary World – II 46 Periods

Unit 2: Contemporary – II 34 Periods

Unit 3: Democratic Politics – II 27 Periods

Unit 4: Understanding Economic Development 44 Periods

PRESCRIBED BOOKS: 20 Marks

§ (e) Naraura (b) Namrup

Time allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 80

Sardar Sarovar Dam

Kochi Software Technology Park

Time allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 80

10. Describe any three main features of ‘Rabi crop season.’(3)