CAD Manual - Batch 2020

COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN
(Practical Manual)
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING
2nd Semester, 1st Year

BATCH -2020
Supervised by:
Engr. Syed Waqar Alam
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Mr./Ms. ________________________ bearing Roll # ________ of Batch

2020 has successfully completed all the labs prescribed for the course “Computer Aided Design”.
____________________ __________
Course Instructor CQI Member
_______________________
CHAIRPERSON
Department Of Electronics Engineering
Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan
DATED:____________________
Domain
S.No Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs) Of Lab & Level PLO
1 Make basic mechanical structure using CAED tools. P_4 PLO3
Design simple electronic relevant components, circuits / Printed
2 Circuit Boards (PCB) using CAED tools. P_7 PLO5
Lab Assessment Plan

Sessional Final Exam Domain
S.No Assessment Method Marks Marks CLO NO & Level PLO
1 Open ended Lab-I 10 X CLO_1 P_4 PLO3
2 Open ended Lab-II 10 X CLO_2 P_7 PLO5
CLO_1, P_4, PLO3,
3 Final Exam x 30 CLO_2 P_7 PLO5
20 30
Total Marks 50
Rubric for assessment of Open Ended Labs (Out of 10 Marks)

Content Grading Parameter
Performance Correct Minor Error Correction Required
(4) (3) (2)
Design Model Perfect Minor Improvement Design error
(3) (2) (1)
Paper Work Acceptance Upto Major Results Not up to mark
(3) (2) (1)
Rubric for assessment of Final Exam (Out of 30 Marks)

Content Grading Parameter
Performance Correct Minor Error Correction Required
(10) (7) (5)
Design Model Perfect Minor Improvement Design error
(10) (7) (5)
Paper Work Acceptance Upto Major Results Not up to mark
(10) (7) (5)
PREPARED BY: ENGR. SYED WAQAR ALAM 2ND SEMESTER, 1ST YEAR, BATCH 2020
TABLE OF CONTENTS
S.NO Experiment CLO Level Date of Signature

Conduct
1 Familiarization with AutoCAD (2D and 3D CLO1 P_4
drawings)
2 Creating an Elementary Object in CLO1 P_4
AutoCAD
3 Creating Fundamental Objects Accurately CLO1 P_4
4 Drawing Editing Tools and Object CLO1 P_4

Snapping
5 Familiarization with SKETCHUP CLO1 P_4
Environment
6 Designing a 3D Drawing architecture in CLO1 P_4
SKETCHUP
7 Designing a 3D room equip with furniture CLO1 P_4
8 Open Ended Lab - I CLO1 P_4
9 To become familiar with the environment CLO2 P_7

of Proteus Design Suite
10 Understanding of routing techniques and CLO2 P_7
make basic electronic circuits on ISIS and
ARES.
11 Advance routing and circuit CLO2 P_7
implementation on Proteus Design Suite
12 Make a PCB Sketch to control a DC motor CLO2 P_7
with a switch
13 Open Ended Lab - II CLO2 P_7
Computer Aided Design DUET
Date: ________________
Lab # 01 Familiarization with AutoCAD (2D and 3D drawings)
LEARNING OUTCOMES
Upon successful completion of the lab, students will be able to:
LO1: To become familiar with AutoCAD interface
LO2: To become familiar with Co-ordinate System in AutoCAD
LO3: To become familiar with Ways of Entering Commands in AutoCAD
Introduction:
AutoCAD is the first and most widely used design and drafting software. It has the capability to create
complex and accurate drawings. Its position as the industry standard makes it an essential tool for
anyone preparing for a career in engineering, design, or technology. CAD stands for Computer-Aided
Design. An AutoCAD drawing is made up of objects. These can be either simple graphic objects (such
as lines, arcs, circles, text, etc.) or blocks (which are groups of objects). AutoCAD systems offer
· Increased accuracy
· Increased drawing speed
· Easy to revise
· Better design analysis
· Better presentation
· Libraries of drawing aids
Starting AutoCAD:
From the Start Menu choose Programs. Then choose AutoCAD from the menu
OR
Double-click the icon available on the desktop.
The AutoCAD Interface:
Drawing Area:
The black area is the Drawing Area. You can get an idea as to how large the drawing area is by moving
the mouse. Notice the white crosshairs moving and look down in the lower left hand corner of the
screen. A series of numbers are scrolling and changing. They are depicting the absolute position of the
crosshairs in the drawing area. AutoCAD uses the Cartesian coordinate system. Notice the double
arrowed icon at the lower left of the drawing area. This icon orients us to the coordinate system. "X"
positioning is left to right, and "Y" positioning is bottom to top. The numerical readout at the lower
left (called Cursor Tracking) is displaying decimal units with an accuracy of four (4) decimal places to
the right in a format of X, Y. The lower left corner of the drawing area is the coordinate system's origin,
0, 0.
Lab # 01 Department of Electronic Engineering

Fig: The AutoCAD Interface
Drawing Toolbar:
The Toolbar present at the Left side of Computer Screen. A Toolbar which contains basic drawing
objects, like: line, polygon, polyline, circle, arc, ellipse etc.
Modify Toolbar:
A Toolbar on Right side of Computer Screen. This Toolbar contains most important features, which
are mostly required while drawing / drafting. The Toolbar contains: Erase, Move, Rotate, Cut etc.
Axis:
Axis is the configuration / View of the Working Area, Normally it is in 2D (i.e. X-Axis & Y-Axis) but it
can be rotated according to the view of object on the Screen. “3dorbit” command is used to rotate
and to view the 3D image (i.e. X-Axis, Y-Axis & Z-Axis).
Command Window:
Displays prompts and messages. In AutoCAD you can give the command in one of the three ways ·
Choose an item from the menu or a shortcut menu ·
Click a button on a toolbar ·
Enter the command on the Command Line.
Status Bar:
Displays the cursor coordinates in the lower left corner.
User Coordinate System:

In AutoCAD, there are two coordinate systems: A fixed system called the World Coordinate System
(WCS) and a movable system called the User Coordinate System (UCS). In the WCS, the X axis is
horizontal, the Y axis is vertical, and the Z axis is perpendicular to the XY plane. The origin is where the
X and Y axes intersect (0, 0) in the lower-left corner of the drawing. You define a UCS in terms of the
WCS. Virtually all coordinate entry uses the current UCS.
Ways of Entering Commands
There are the ways of entering commands in AutoCAD

◼ Command Entry
◼ Data Entry

◼ Entity Selection
Command Entry:
All the commands can be entered from the keyboard, screen menu, pull-down menu or from the
button menu.
Data Entry:
When the command is invoked, a user has to supply additional information to specify how, where or
upon what the requested action should be performed. A user responds to AutoCAD by entering
numeric values, specifying angles and distances
Entity Selection:
One or more entities can be selected for processing. This collection of entities (just clicking) or remove
entities from (shift click), the selection set. AutoCAD highlight the selected entities using dotted lines
Co-ordinate System in AutoCAD:
Absolute System: X, Y , Z
Absolute System represents the absolute real values of the drawing limits.
For example, 3,3 to 8,3 will draw a line from the position vector of 3,3 to the position vector of 8,3.
You can specify a point by typing its X, Y and Z values separated by the commas.
Example: Command: line

From point: 3.5,4.5,5.5
Relative System: @delta X, delta Y
You can specify a point as an offset from the last point you entered, simply type an @ before the
rest of the specification.
For instance, last point = 10,6,4
Example: @2.5,5
Polar System: @dist < Angle
Similar to the relative addressing, this system makes use of the distance and the direction angle of
the new point away from the previous point.
For example, line from 3,3 to @5 < 0;
will draw a line from the position vector of 3,3 to the position that is 5 units away from the previous
points in the zero-degree direction.

LIMITS Command
Before beginning a new drawing, it is very important that you define the drawing boundaries for the
current drawing. The LIMITS command lets you change the upper and lower limits of the drawing
area while working on a drawing, and to turn limits checking on or off. The current drawing area has
a length of 12 units and a breadth of 9 units, by default.
Format: LIMITS
ON/OFF/ <Lower left corner> <current>:
Upper right corner<12.0000,9.0000>:
Options
ON Enables limits checking, retaining the current values of the limits themselves. While
limits checking are enabled, AutoCAD rejects attempts to
enter points outside the drawing limits (although an entity, such as a
Circle, might start within the limits and extend outside them). Also governs the limits of
the visible grid.
OFF Disables limits checking, but remembers the values of the limits for the next time
the check is enabled.
GRID Command
The GRID command controls the display of a grid of alignment dots to help you place objects in
drawings.
Format: GRID
Grid spacing (X) or ON/OFF/Snap/Aspect <current>:
Note: You can also turn GRID on and off using the F7 key or CTRL+G.
Options
Grid Spacing (X)

A simple number sets grid spacing in drawing units. A number followed by "X"
(e.g., "2X") sets the grid spacing to a multiple of the current snap resolution. A
value of zero locks the grid spacing to the current snap resolution.
ON
Turns grid on with previous spacing.
OFF
Turns grid off.
Aspect
Permits a grid with different horizontal and vertical spacing.

EXERCISE:
1. What are the advantages of AutoCAD?
2. List different types of 3-D shapes.
3. What type of user coordinate systems is used in AutoCAD?
4. Try limit and Grid command on AutoCAD.
5. Draw a square by using Line command with Following Coordinate systems

Absolute polar coordinate
Absolute coordinate
Relative coordinate

Date: ________________
Lab # 02 Creating an Elementary object in AutoCAD
LEARNING OUTCOMES
LO1: To become familiar with Basic Commands in AutoCAD
LO2: To become familiar with creating an Elementary object in AutoCAD
THEORY:
The Draw commands can be used to create new objects such as lines and circles. Most AutoCAD
drawings are composed purely and simply from these basic components. A good understanding of the
Draw commands is fundamental to the efficient use of AutoCAD.
Drawing elements may be invoked by

· Using the pull-down menu
· Using the toolbars...
· Click on View... Toolbars
Lines are probably the most simple of AutoCAD objects. Using the Line command, a line can be drawn
between any two points picked within the drawing area. Lines are usually the first objects you will
want to draw when starting a new drawing because they can be used as "construction lines" upon
which rest of your drawing will be based. Never forget that creating drawings with AutoCAD is not so
dissimilar from creating drawings on a drawing board. Many of the basic drawing methods are the
same. Lines drawn between points are often called vectors. This terminology is used to describe the
type of drawings that AutoCAD creates. AutoCAD drawings are generically referred to as "vector
drawings".
PROCEDURE:
The Line Command

Toolbar Draw
Pull-down Draw Line
Keyboard LINE short-cut L
With the Line command you can draw a simple line from one point to another. When you pick the first
point and move the cross-hairs to the location of the second point you will see a rubber band line
which shows you where the line will be drawn when the second point is picked. Line objects have two
ends (the first point and the last point). You can continue picking points and AutoCAD will draw a
straight line between each picked point and the previous point. Each line segment drawn is a separate
object and can be moved or erased as required. To end this command, just hit the key on the
keyboard.

Command Sequence
Command: LINE
Specify first point: (pick P1)
Specify next point or [Undo]: (pick P2)
Specify next point or [Undo]: (to end)
You can also draw lines by entering the co-ordinates of their end points at the command prompt rather
than picking their position from the screen.
The Ray Command :

Toolbar custom
Pull-down Draw Ray
Keyboard RAY
The Ray command creates a line similar to a construction line except that it extends infinitely in only
one direction from the first pick point. The direction of the Ray is determined by the position of the
second pick point.
Command Sequence :
Command: RAY
Specify start point: (pick the start point)
Specify through point: (pick a second point to determine direction)
Specify through point: (to end or pick another point)
The Polyline Family :

Polylines differ from lines in that they are more complex objects. A single polyline can be composed
of a number of straight-line or arc segments. Polylines can also be given line widths to make them
appear solid. The illustration below shows a number of polylines to give you an idea of the flexibility
of this type of line.
The Polyline Command
Toolbar Draw
Pull-down Draw Polyline
Keyboard PLINE short-cut PL
The Polyline or Pline command is similar to the line command except that the resulting object may be
composed of a number of segments which form a single object. In addition to the two ends a polyline
is said to have vertices (singular vertex) where intermediate line segments join. In practice the Polyline
command works in the same way as the Line command allowing you to pick as many points as you
like. Again, just hit enter to end. As with the Line command, you also have the option to automatically
close a polyline end to end. To do this, type C to use the close option instead of hitting enter. Follow
the command sequence below to see how this works.
Command Sequence :
Command: PLINE
Specify start point: (pick P1)
Current line-width is 0.0000 Specify next point or [Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: (pick P2)
Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: (pick P3)
Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: (or C to close)

In the illustration above, the figure on the left was created by hitting the Enter key after the fifth point
was picked. The figure on the right demonstrates the effect of using the Close option.
Try experimenting with options such as Arc and Width and see if you can create polylines like the ones
in the illustration above. The Undo option is particularly useful. This allows you to unpick polyline
vertices, one at a time so that you can easily correct mistakes.
Polylines can be edited after they are created, for example, change their width. You can do this using
the PEDIT command, Modify Object Polyline from the pull-down menu.
Rectangle Command
The Rectangle command is used to draw a rectangle whose sides are vertical and horizontal. The
position and size of the rectangle are defined by picking two diagonal corners. The rectangle isn't
really an AutoCAD object at all. It is, in fact, just a closed polyline which is automatically drawn for
you.
Specify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: (pick p1)
Specify other corner point or [Dimensions]: (pick p2 or d)
Specify length for rectangles <0.0000>: l
Specify width for rectangles <0.0000>: w
Specify other corner point or [Dimensions]: (pick p2)
Getting Out of Trouble from AutoCAD
◼ Backspace <  >

Whenever you make a typing error you can use the backspace key to delete up to the
error.
◼ Cancel < Ctrl + C >

After executing a command, if you have decided not to continue with that command then
presses the key:
Ctrl+C for canceling a command.
Alternatively, you can also click at the AutoCAD found at the top right corner.
◼ Escape < ESC >

If you want to quickly exit from a dialog box without making any changes, then you can press
the ESC key.
◼ Undo < U >

If you have accidentally change something in the drawing and you want to reverse back the
change, then you can press the U key at the command prompt.
◼ Redo
If you have accidentally undo one too many commands, you can redo (undo the undo) the last
commands by entering the command REDO. Redo restores only one command.

EXERCISES:
1. In AutoCAD, a line can be drawn either by specifying distance from first point or using co-
ordinates. Draw the lines by following the given command sequence.
Specifying distance from first point

Command: line
Specify first point: 10, 10
Specify next point or [Undo]: @10, 5
Specify next point or [Undo]: *Cancel*
Specifying co-ordinates
Command: line
Specify next point or [Undo]: 20, 15
Specify next point or [Undo]: *Cancel*
2. Draw a square of 10x10 by following the command sequence given below:
Command: line
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 5, 15
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 5, 5
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: *Cancel*
3. Draw a Ray line by following the command sequence given below:
Command: ray
Specify start point: 4,4
Specify through point: @10<0
4. Draw a following figure by using Pline Command.

5. Draw a following shape by using line command with given coordinates.
6. Draw the following shapes by using any coordinate system.
7. Draw the following shapes by using any coordinate system.

Date: ________________
Lab # 03 Creating Fundamental Objects Accurately
LEARNING OUTCOMES
LO1: To become familiar with Fundamental Objects Accurately
THEORY:
The Draw commands can be used to create new objects such as lines and circles. Most AutoCAD
drawings are composed purely and simply from these basic components. A good understanding of the
Draw commands is fundamental to the efficient use of AutoCAD.
Drawing elements may be invoked by

Using the pull-down menu
Using the toolbars...
Click on View... Toolbars
PROCEDURE:
The Rectangle Command

Toolbar Draw
Pull-down Draw Rectangle
Keyboard RECTANGLE short-cuts REC, RECTANG
The Rectangle command is used to draw a rectangle whose sides are vertical and horizontal. The
position and size of the rectangle are defined by picking two diagonal corners. The rectangle isn't really
an AutoCAD object at all. It is, in fact, just a closed polyline which is automatically drawn for you.
Command Sequence
Command: RECTANG
Specify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: (pick P1)
Specify other corner point or [Dimensions]: (pick P2)
The Rectangle command also has a number of options. Width works in the same way as for the Polyline
command. The Chamfer and Fillet options have the same effect as theChamfer and Fillet commands.
Elevation and Thickness are 3D options.
Notice that, instead of picking a second point to draw the rectangle, you have the option of entering
dimensions. Say you wanted to draw a rectangle 20 drawing units long and 10 drawing units wide. The
command sequence would look like this:

Command Sequence
Command: RECTANG
Specify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: (pick a point)
Specify other corner point or [Dimensions]: D
Specify length for rectangles <0.0000>: 20
Specify width for rectangles <0.0000>: 10
Specify other corner point or [Dimensions]: (pick a point to fix the orientation)
The Polygon Command

Toolbar Draw
Pull-down Draw Polygon
Keyboard POLYGON short-cut POL
The Polygon command can be used to draw any regular polygon from 3 sides up to 1024 sides. This
command requires four inputs from the user, the number of sides, a pick point for the centre of the
polygon, whether you want the polygon inscribed or circumscribed and then a pick point which
determines both the radius of this imaginary circle and the orientation of the polygon. The polygon
command creates a closed polyline in the shape of the required polygon.
This command also allows you to define the polygon by entering the length of a side using the Edge
option. You can also control the size of the polygon by entering an exact radius for the circle. Follow
the command sequence below to see how this command works.
Command Sequence
Command: POLYGON
Enter number of sides <4>: 5
Specify center of polygon or [Edge]: (pick P1 or type E to define by edge length)
Enter an option [Inscribed in circle/Circumscribed about circle] <I>: (to accept the inscribed default
or type C for circumscribed)
Specify radius of circle: (pick P2 or enter exact radius)
In the illustration above, the polygon on the left is inscribed (inside the circle with the polygon vertexes
touching it), the one in the middle is circumscribed (outside the circle with the polyline edges
tangential to it) and the one on the right is defined by the length of an edge.
Circles, Arcs etc.

Along with Line and Polyline, the Circle command is probably one of the most frequently used.
Fortunately it is also one of the simplest. However, in common with the other commands in this
section there are a number of options that can help you construct just the circle you need. Most of
these options are self-explanatory but in some cases it can be quite confusing. The Circle command,
for example, offers 6 ways to create a circle, while the Arc command offers 10 different methods for
drawing an arc. The sections below concentrate mainly on the default options but feel free to
experiment.
The Circle Command

Toolbar Draw
Pull-down Draw Circle Center, Radius
Keyboard CIRCLE short-cut C
Circle command is used to draw circles. There are a number of ways you can define the circle. The
default method is to pick the center point and then to either pick a second point on the circumference
of the circle or enter the circle radius at the keyboard.

Command Sequence
Command: CIRCLE
Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan radius)]: (pick P1)
Specify radius of circle or [Diameter] <50.0195>: (pick P2 or enter the exact radius)
As you can see from the command prompt above the default options are always indicated in triangular
brackets like so <Default> and command options appear within square brackets like so [Option]. Each
option is separated by a forward slash like this /. You can choose to use the alternative options by
typing them at the prompt. For example, the circle command gives you three extra options to define
a circle. 3P which uses any three points on the circumference, 2P which uses two points on the
circumference to form a diameter and Ttr which stands for Tangent Radius. Obviously to use this last
option you need to have drawn two lines which you can use as tangents to the circle. Try these options
out to see how they work. Note that to invoke a command option; you need only type the upper-case
part of the option name. For example, if you want to use the Ttr option, you need only enter "T". There
are two more circle options on the pull-down menu that enable you to draw a circle by defining the
center and diameter or by using 3 tangents.
The DONUT Command:
The DONUT (or DOUGHNUT) command draws a filled circle or ring.

Format: DOUGHNUT
Command Sequence
Inside diameter <last>: Enter a value or two points.
Outside diameter<last>:Enter a value or two points.
Center of doughnut: Enter a point.
The "Center of doughnut" prompt is repeated for multiple locations of the doughnuts. A null response
ends the DOUGHNUT command.
The DOUGHNUT command constructs a closed Polyline (composed of wide arc segments) represents
the specified object.
The Ellipse Command

Toolbar Draw
Pull-down Draw End Ellipse Axis,
Keyboard ELLIPSE short-cut EL
The Ellipse command gives you a number of different creation options. The default option is to pick
the two end points of an axis and then a third point to define the eccentricity of the ellipse. After you
have mastered the default option, try out the others.
Command Sequence
Command: ELLIPSE
Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]: (pick P1)
Specify other endpoint of axis: (pick P2)
Specify distance to other axis or [Rotation]: (pick P3)

EXERCISE:
1. Draw a rectangle by following the command sequence given below:

Command: rectangle
Specify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]:5,5
Specify other corner point or [Dimensions]: d
Specify length for rectangles <0.0000>: 6
Specify width for rectangles <0.0000>: 7
Specify other corner point or [Dimensions]: 12,13
2. Draw the circles by following the given command sequences

Command: CIRCLE
Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: 3p
Specify first point on circle: 5, 2
Specify second point on circle: 5, 10
Specify third point on circle: 10, 5
Command: CIRCLE
Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: 2p
Specify first end point of circle's diameter: 5, 5
Specify second end point of circle's diameter: 10, 10
3. Draw a polygon inscribed in a circle by following the given command sequence

Command: polygon
Enter number of sides <5>: 5
Specify center of polygon or [Edge]: 15, 12.5
Enter an option [Inscribed in circle/Circumscribed about circle] <I>: i
Specify radius of circle: 5
4. Draw a polygon circumscribed about a circle by specifying your own values.
5. Draw the Following Shape by using Circle and Donut Command

Date: ________________
Lab # 04 Drawing Editing Tools and Object Snapping
LEARNING OUTCOMES
LO1: To become familiar with Drawing Editing Tools
LO2: To become familiar with Object Snapping to draw object accurately
THEORY:
Part of the normal drawing process involves modifying, or editing, what has already been draw. Many
of the editing commands start displaying the select object: prompt. The select object: prompt signals
the beginning of the open process used to assumable set. This process enables you to select a
desirable object with a variety of methods, all of which are defined in the following list:
- Picking the object directly
- Using an implied window
- Using crossing windows
- Selecting the last objects
- Selecting all objects
- Selecting the previous selected object
- Undoing the last selection option
- Removing previously selected objects
- Adding objects to the selection sets
The properties of an object are defined as its layer, color and line type. The object property toolbar is
used to change the layer, color and line type of selected object. If you select a single object, the modify
dialog box will be displayed. If you select more than one object, the change properties dialog box will
be displayed.
In addition to the grip editing commands, a number of other commands can be used to modify existing
objects. Two of these editing command stretch and scale are used to resize objects, other commands
that can be used to resize objects are Scale, Stretch, Lengthen, Trim, Extend and Break. These
commands can be found on both the modify toolbar and menu.
PROCEDURE
TRIM command
The TRIM command lets you trim objects in a drawing so they end precisely at a "cutting edge"
defined by one or more other objects in the drawing.

Format: TRIM
Select cutting edge(s)...
Select objects:
Lines, Arcs, Circles, and 2D Polylines (center line of wide Polylines) can serve as boundary objects. All
the selected edges are highlighted and will remain highlighted for the rest of the TRIM command.
DRAWING ACCURATELY USING THE OBJECT SNAP
Display the available tools from the object snap toolbar. Using an object snap enables you to
establish accurately the from and to points during editing, such as the start point of a line, or the
center point of a circle.
OBJECT SNAPPING
Your drawing becomes populated with various objects that; themselves, have important geometric
features, such as endpoints, centres, and tangent points, which you will want to relate to other
drawing object. AutoCAD provide some name of identifying these geometric points. These tools
make the construction of new geometry easier, the object created or drawn more accurately and in
AutoCAD, this capability is called Object Snapping and the Object Snap or Osnap.
In AutoCAD, these modes consist of a set of tools that permit this accurate geometric construction.
Some important Object Snap modes:

Mode Description
Centre Finds the centre of a circle or an arc.
Endpoint Finds the endpoint of a line or an arc.
Insert Finds the insertion point of text object and block references.
Intersection Locates the intersection of two lines, arcs, or circles or the intersection of any combination
of these.
Midpoint Finds a midpoint of a line or an arc.
Nearest Finds a point or points on an object that is nearest to the point you pick.
Node Locates the location of a point object.
Perpendicular Returns a point at the intersection of the object selected and a line perpendicular to that
object from either the last or the next point picked.
CREATING HATCH PATTERNS
The HATCH command is used to draw hatch patterns, which are used when you need to fill an area
with a repetitive pattern. To issue BHATCH choose Hatch, a dialog box will be displayed. To draw a
hatch object, you need to specify the Pattern and its parameters and define the limits of the area to
be hatched.
Exercise on the following subject:

-Specifying the Pattern
-Choosing scale and Angle settings
-Linetype and color settings
-Inherit properties
-Hatch boundary
-Editing Hatch Objects.
The HATCH command is used to crosshatch or pattern-fill an area.
Format: HATCH
Pattern (? or name/U,style):
Options
? Lists the standard hatch patterns in acad.pat.

name Name of a hatch pattern. You are prompted for a scale and an angle for the
pattern.
U Lets you define a simple pattern on the fly. You are prompted for an angle, the
spacing between the lines, and a single or double hatch area.
style Defines what areas of the selected items are to be filled with the
specified pattern, according to the following codes:
Copy Command
The COPY command duplicates one or more existing drawing entities at another location (or
locations) without erasing the original.
Format: COPY
Select objects:
<Base point or displacement>/Multiple: first point or distance
Second point of displacement: Enter second point
Move Command
The MOVE command is used to move one or more existing drawing entities from one location in
the drawing to another.
Format: MOVE
Select objects:
Base point or displacement: Select a point or enter a displacement

vector.

Second point of displacement: Select a point.
Fill Command
The FILL command controls whether Solids, Traces, and wide Polylines are to be solid-
filled or just outlined.
Format: FILL
ON/OFF <current>:
Controls the filling of multilines, traces, solids, solid-fill hatches, and wide polylines
Rotate Command
The ROTATE command can be used to rotate existing entities.
Format: ROTATE
Select objects:
Base point: Enter a point.
<Rotation angle>/Reference:

EXERCISE:
1. Draw the Following shape by using ellipse, Trim Hatch and Rectangle Command
2. Draw the Following shape by using Osnap, polygon and donut

Date: ________________
Lab # 05 To be familiar with SKETCHUP environment
LEARNING OUTCOMES
LO1: To become familiar with 3D Drawing
LO2: To become familiar with Drawing Editing Tools
LO3: To become familiar with SKETCHUP Environment
Theory:
SketchUp (formerly Google Sketchup) is a 3D modeling computer program for a wide range of
drawing applications such as architectural, interior design, civil and mechanical engineering, film,
and video game design—and available in a freeware version, SketchUp Make, and a paid version
with additional functionality, SketchUp Pro
Procedure:
Starting Google Sketchup 2014:
Locate the Sketchup program in the Start Menu →All Programs → Sketchup.
SketchUp (a Trimble product) is designed to be simple and easy to use. The main parts of the SketchUp
interface are the Title bar, menus, toolbars and tool palettes, drawing area, Status bar, and the
Measurements toolbar. The following images show the SketchUp user interface.

In the Welcome to SketchUp window, click Choose Template, and choose one of the templates from
the list.
Then click Start Using SketchUp
Toolbars, Menus, Icons
This is the menu and the main toolbar you’ll see when first opening SketchUp. Here you can access
most, if not all, the drawing and editing tools you’ll be using.
There are many more toolbars available, which you can find by choosing View / Toolbars. From the
menu that appears, click any toolbars you want to see. (What you see on your list may look different;
installing plugins adds more toolbars to the list.) Once displayed, you can move toolbars to different
locations, by clicking and dragging their title bars around the screen.

Overview of SketchUp’s Basic Tools
All of SketchUp’s drawing and editing tools are available from the main menu, and on the main toolbar
across the top of the screen. Most of these can be activated by a shortcut key, too.
Select
Menu: Tools / Select, shortcut: Spacebar
You need to select objects (edges and/or faces) before the objects can be moved, copied, scaled, etc.
You can also use Select to erase objects: Select them, then press the Delete key.
Line
Menu: Draw / Lines / Line, shortcut: L
This tool draws (surprise!) lines, also known in SketchUp as edges. Click the first endpoint, and then
click the second endpoint. If you’re finished making lines but the tool has started a new line, press the
Esc (Escape) key. (You can also activate a new tool if you ever want to cancel the current tool.) If you
draw lines that form a closed shape, like a triangle or rectangle, SketchUp will automatically create a
face inside the lines.
Rectangle
Menu: Draw / Shapes / Rectangle, shortcut: R
To draw a rectangle, click one corner, and then click the opposite corner. If you want to draw a square,
wait to see the “Square” popup before clicking that second corner point.
Circle
Menu: Draw / Shapes / Circle, shortcut: C

A circle is actually a set of short line segments; the default number of sides is 24 which is fine for
almost all models. If you need a more “realistic” circle, you can use a higher number of sides. To set
the number of sides, activate Circle and then immediately type the number of sides you want, and
press Enter. To change the number of sides of a circle you just made, type “100s” to change the
number to 100 sides (for example). Warning: a high number of sides can slow down your model!
Arc Tools
Menu: Draw / Arcs
There are three ways to draw an arc. The simplest is 2 Point Arc (shortcut: A), which creates in arc in
three clicks. The first click sets the start point, then the end point, then a point in the middle (the
“bulge” point). Like with circles, an arc is actually made of short line segments, and you can change
the number of sides like you would for a circle.
The second arc tool (Arc) first sets the center point, then the two points at either end. Pie is similar,
but fills in a pie-shaped face.
Polygon
Menu: Draw / Shapes Polygon
When you first activate Polygon, before clicking any points, you’ll see the number of sides listed in the
Sides box, located by default below the SketchUp window. If you want a different number of sides,
type the number and press Enter. (For example, if you enter “3,” you’ll create a triangle, if you enter
“6,” you’ll create a hexagon.)
Eraser
Menu: Tools / Eraser, shortcut: E
This tool erases edges (lines). If you erase an edge of a face, the face will also disappear. (Re-drawing
that line will replace the face.) To erase more than one edge, you can click on each edge separately,

or you can keep the left mouse button pressed while you drag the mouse over the edges you want to
erase.
This tool doesn’t work on faces! To erase a face, you can right-click on it (click the face using your right
mouse button) and choose Erase. Or you can Select a face and press the Delete key.
Move
Menu: Tools / Move, shortcut: M
This tool is used for both moving and copying. First, Select what you want to move. Then click a start
point and end point for the move. The Length box below the SketchUp window will show you the
move distance - you can change this by entering a new number.
If you want to make a copy, press the Ctrl (Mac: Option) key while moving. (Just press Ctrl / Option
once, you don’t have to hold it down.) After the copy is created, you can enter “2x” to make two 2
copies, “8x” to make eight copies, etc. You can also enter a distance from the first to last copy, like
“120.” If you want to create four copies spaced evenly within this distance, enter “4/” (note the slash
symbol).
Rotate
Menu: Tools / Rotate, shortcut: Q
This tool is used for both rotating and copying. First, select what you want to rotate. Then the
protractor appears - place this at the center of rotation. Then click a start point and end point for the
rotation. The angle is shown in the Angle box below the SketchUp window; you can change this by
entering a new number.
Paint Bucket
Menu: Tools / Paint Bucket, shortcut: B
This is the tool you use to paint faces. When you click it, the Materials window opens (Mac: the Colors
window opens). There are several collections of solid colors and materials available.

Exercise:
1. Try all Basic tools describes above.
2. Create a new template and draw different geometric shapes in a 3D-drawing.

Date: ________________
Lab # 06 Designing a 3D Drawing architecture in SketchUp
LEARNING OUTCOMES
LO1: To become familiar with all Drawing Editing Tools
Theory:
One of the most important features of SketchUp is components, which are essential to use when you
have objects that repeat. Components provide flexibility; they enable you to make quick changes to
multiple objects at once, plus they keep the file size from getting out of control.
Procedure:
1. Start with a tall building, and use Arc to make a half-circle on top like this (make sure the arc
is drawn in the blue direction).
2. Pull the arc shape to the other side of the roof.
3. Then use Move on this edge, to make two sections of the tall wall. The lower half is vertical;
the upper half is slightly sloped.

4. Paint the faces, and draw two concentric circles in this corner, to make the first window.
(Remember to click the Paint Bucket tool to get the available colors and materials. Glass
material is found in the folder called “Translucent.)
This window needs to be made into a component since we’ll use it repeatedly. As a
component, the window will be much easier to select - it acts as one object. (Components also
have the advantage of being “unsticky” - it’s much easier to move and rotate components
without affecting objects they touch.)
5. Select both faces of this window, and right-click on either of the faces. Choose Make
Component.
6. Give the component any name you want. Since it’s a window, you want it to Cut opening, and
also check Replace selection with component.

7. To add more windows, use the Move tool and press Ctrl / Option. After you place the first
copy, type “3x” to make three copies. You can keep entering different numbers to get more
or fewer windows.
If you enter a value without the “x” you can change the spacing, which is also useful!
8. To make more rows in this wall, do the same thing: Select all of the windows in the first row,
and make two or more copies of them, straight up.
9. Copy some or all of the windows up to the sloped face. Even though the original windows
make cutouts on the vertical wall, the new windows also cut the sloped wall.

10. Another way to bring in a component is from the Components window (Window /
Components). Click the house icon to see what’s in your model so far. Click the thumbnail of
the window, which is then attached to your cursor.
11. Place the window on this wall - it also cuts this face.
12. Here’s another way to make copies. Copy that window you just added to the top, and place
the copy at the bottom, near the front.

13. Enter “6/” (with a slash symbol), and you get seven copies including the first and last windows.
14. Here’s the great feature of components: you change one, and you change them all. But you
need to “open” a component before you can make any changes to it. The easiest way to edit
a component is to activate Select and double-click it. Do this for any window - they’re all the
same. You’ll see the one you’re editing outlined in a dashed box, and everything else is faded.
15. Use Push/Pull to make the outer circle into a window frame, and add some more colors.

16. When you’re done, close the component by activating Select and clicking outside the
component.
17. What if you want some of the windows to be different? For instance, I want all the windows
on the sloped face to have a shade cover. Select the components you want to make different
(all the ones on the sloped face), and right-click on one of them. Choose Make Unique.
18. Now edit one of the “unique” windows. For my cover, I added two lines to the front face, and
colored the top part the same as I painted the roof.

19. To make the cover, use Push/Pull but press the Ctrl / Option key. This way you’ll be adding a
new part, instead of pulling out an existing face.
The final shape of the building will be:

Date: ________________
Lab # 07 Designing a 3D room equip with furniture
LEARNING OUTCOMES
LO1: To become familiar with Designing a 3D room equip and adding other features
Theory:
This advanced design project uses many of SketchUp’s drawing tools, and involves paying some
attention to the exact sizes of what you’re drawing. You’ll also make good use of components. The
final result: a design bedroom, complete with furniture and a swimming pool. Once you understand
how this room is built and furnished, the concept can be applied to anything to design any classroom,
rec room, bathroom, gym, floor, building and etc.
Procedure:
1. This bedroom will be pretty big, so leave the person in the file as a basis for size. Make a
rectangle for the basic room shape, but don’t click to finish it yet.
2. Many of SketchUp’s tools can use exact numbers. While you’re using the Rectangle tool, look
at the Dimensions box below the SketchUp window. You’ll see the length and width of the
rectangle change while you move the mouse. Make this rectangle about 30 feet wide and 40
feet long. (If you want the numbers to be exact, you can type them in and press Enter. Be sure
to include the apostrophe foot symbol, and separate the two numbers with a comma.)
3. The bedroom will be a loft (it has two levels), so pull the rectangle up about 20 feet. Erase
edges so that the ceiling and two walls disappear, enabling you to see inside

4. About half of the lower level will be filled with a swimming pool (because no bedroom is
complete without one). Use Rectangle to make the shape. To make the outline, you can make
another rectangle, or use the Offset tool.
5. Pull up the pool walls, and pull up the floor to make the water line. When you use Push/Pull
for this, keep the Ctrl / Option key pressed. This means that the bedroom floor will stay intact,
instead of being “sucked up” with the pool objects. (Try it first without the Ctrl / Option key
to see the difference). If the water doesn’t seem deep enough, pull the bedroom floor down
(without the Ctrl / Option key).
6. There is a “Water” folder for materials, which contains one translucent water material. Use
this for the face of the water line, and you can see through to the bottom of the pool.

7. Now we can make the loft floor. It will be a simple rectangle which extends as far as the pool
below. Start with a line along one wall like this:
8. Make the floor long enough to hang a little over the pool (Line 2). When you make Line 3,
starts drawing in the direction you want the line to go (green, in my example). Press Shift to
“lock” the direction, and click the first point of Line 1. This sets the exact length of Line 3.
9. Complete the last line to finish the loft floor.
10. Now we need steps to get up to the loft. Steps are MUCH easier when you use components.
Start with a small rectangle along the wall, for the first step. (If you’re using exact numbers,
it should be about 12” x 2”.)

11. Select this small face plus its edges and make it a component.
12. Edit the component, and pull the step out about 4 feet.
13. Close the component, and then make one copy at the top of the loft floor.

14. To make all the steps in between, enter “9/” or whatever number works for you.
15. Components are also great for making railings. Edit any step, and draw a vertical (blue)
line in the lower corner, about 3 feet high.
16. Then add a line connecting one vertical line to the next.

17. At the base of the vertical line, make a small circle.
18. Select both of the lines you made before.
19. Activate Follow Me (Tools / Follow Me) and click the circle. The circle is pushed along the vertical
and diagonal lines, creating a railing at every step.

20. We want to go up the steps without hitting our heads on the floor above, so cut a hole out of the
loft floor.
21. If you’re too lazy to go down the steps to take a dip, you’ll want a diving board on the loft level.
Make a block like this (remember to press Ctrl / Option when you use Push/Pull) and paint the top
the color you want to use for the board.
22. Start the board by pulling up a little like this (with Ctrl / Option):

23. And pull the board out, making sure it hangs over the pool.
24. If you don’t want to roll out of bed and fall into the pool, use components and Follow Me to make
a railing.
25. For the rest of the furniture, we’ll use some models provided by Google. In the Components
window, click the drop-down arrow next to the house icon, and choose Architecture.
26. The “Architecture” collection contains other collections of objects like windows, plumbing,
lighting, and games. Clicking the thumbnail of a collection will open the collection within the
Components window. Clicking the collection name will open the collection in your Internet browser.

When you open a collection and find a model you want to bring into your room, click the model’s
thumbnail, and the model can be dragged right into the model.
The collections you open this way contain basic, generic, models that have the correct dimensions
and are modeled properly. To find other models, you can use the Search field in the Components
window. But keep in mind that some models in the 3D Warehouse don’t have the correct scale, and
the quality is not guaranteed.
27. Fill both levels of the bedroom however you want. For example, the “Architecture” collection
contains collections for beds and dressers.
28. If you want to change any of these components, just edit them. For example, I changed the colors
of the bed and tables.

29. When you drag in a component from the Components window, the active tool is Move so that
you can place the component and slide it around. If you place your cursor over one of the red “plus”
signs, you can also Rotate your component, like the dresser below:
This is how my bedroom furniture looks:
30. Here’s what I put downstairs, including a fridge from the “Appliances” collection, a flat-screen
TV from“Electronics,” and a pool table from “Games.”

31. And don’t forget steps to get up to the pool.
32. Finish up by adding some windows.

Date: ________________
Lab # 08 Open Ended Lab - I


Date: ________________
Lab # 09 To become familiar with the environment of Proteus Design Suite
Learning Outcomes:
• Students can install the software on their devices
• Students can place the components on the worksheet and able to do wiring
Theory:
Installation guide:
Step 01:
Step 02:

Step 03:
Step 04:
Step 05:

Step 06:
After installation, run Proteus and select Schematic Capture as shown below
Schematic Capture window will appear like this
Select component mode, then click on P to pick devices and search for your desired
components

After selecting the components, place it on the Root Sheet and make connections.
After the completion of connections, click on PCB layout
Click on 2D Graphics Box Mode
Select Board Edge from Layer Selector
Make a board according to the space required for your sketch and select on Component
Mode from the left
Place components one by one inside the Board Edge

Click on Design Rule Manager
Click on Net Classes and select Bottom Copper
Click on Auto router from Tools
Click on Begin Routing

Export Graphics to generate the sketch
From layers, select only Bottom Copper and uncheck all other layers and click Ok

Generated Sketch is here
Lab Task:
1. Make a PCB sketch of three resistors connected in parallel with a T-Block.
2. Make a PCB sketch of an RC circuit.

Date: ________________
Lab # 10 Understanding of routing techniques and make basic electronic circuits on

ISIS and ARES.
Learning Outcomes:
• Students can make the complete circuits and simulate them
• Students are able to understand the concepts of routing
• Students can make PCB sketches
Theory:
Generally, two types of routing techniques are used depending on the user’s requirement.
• Auto Routing
• Manual Routing
Auto Routing:
As explained in previous lab.
Manual Routing:
PCB Sketch of the following circuit using manual routing
For manual routing, first of all go to PCB layout and click on Package Mode and then click on P to pick
packages.

Search your required package and click OK
Place your components one by one as shown below
Select 2D graphics mode and Board Edge then make a rectangular board
Select Round Through-hole Pad mode and click on each terminal to make a patch

After making the terminals, start routing by clicking on track mode and connect the terminals
After joining the terminals, it would look like this
Text can also be added by clicking on 2D graphics text mode
Then Export Graphics

Only check on Bottom copper and Board Edge then click OK
Here is the Output
Lab Task:
1. Make a labelled PCB sketch of the following circuit.

Date: ________________
Lab # 11 Advance routing and circuit implementation on Proteus Design Suite
Learning Outcomes:
• Students can make complex circuit drawings
• Students can troubleshoot the errors and design on ISIS and ARES efficiently
Theory:
Power Supply is widely used in most of the electronic circuits. There are various kinds of power
supply available depending on the requirement.
A basic 12-V power supply circuit is shown below.
Lab Task:
1. Make a neat PCB sketch of the above power supply circuit, label all the components and
mention your roll number as well.

Date: ________________
Lab # 12 Make a PCB Sketch to control a DC motor with a switch
Learning Outcomes:
• Students will learn how to use connectors in place of a switch/motor in a PCB Sketch
Theory:
While designing a PCB sketch, if there is a motor/switch/battery or another component which is not
placed on the PCB board is connected with a terminal block.
Simply place a terminal block and connect those components with it.
Lab Task:
1. Design a labelled PCB sketch of the following circuit and mention your roll number.
2. Design an H-Bridge circuit using MOSFETS.

Date: ________________
Lab # 13 Open Ended Lab - II


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COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING

2nd Semester, 1st Year

This is to certify that Mr./Ms. ________________________ bearing Roll # ________ of Batch

Lab Assessment Plan

Rubric for assessment of Open Ended Labs (Out of 10 Marks)

Rubric for assessment of Final Exam (Out of 30 Marks)

S.NO Experiment CLO Level Date of Signature

4 Drawing Editing Tools and Object CLO1 P_4

8 Open Ended Lab - I CLO1 P_4

9 To become familiar with the environment CLO2 P_7

Lab # 01 Familiarization with AutoCAD (2D and 3D drawings)

The AutoCAD Interface:

Lab # 01 Department of Electronic Engineering

Fig: The AutoCAD Interface

User Coordinate System:

Ways of Entering Commands

There are the ways of entering commands in AutoCAD

Lab # 01 Department of Electronic Engineering

Co-ordinate System in AutoCAD:

Example: Command: line

Relative System: @delta X, delta Y

For instance, last point = 10,6,4

Polar System: @dist < Angle

For example, line from 3,3 to @5 < 0;

Lab # 01 Department of Electronic Engineering

ON/OFF/ <Lower left corner> <current>:

Upper right corner<12.0000,9.0000>:

Grid spacing (X) or ON/OFF/Snap/Aspect <current>:

Grid Spacing (X)

Lab # 01 Department of Electronic Engineering

Turns grid on with previous spacing.

Turns grid off.

Permits a grid with different horizontal and vertical spacing.

Lab # 01 Department of Electronic Engineering

1. What are the advantages of AutoCAD?

2. List different types of 3-D shapes.

3. What type of user coordinate systems is used in AutoCAD?

4. Try limit and Grid command on AutoCAD.

5. Draw a square by using Line command with Following Coordinate systems

Lab # 01 Department of Electronic Engineering

Lab # 02 Creating an Elementary object in AutoCAD

Drawing elements may be invoked by

The Line Command

Lab # 02 Department of Electronic Engineering

The Ray Command :

The Polyline Family :

The Polyline Command

Lab # 02 Department of Electronic Engineering

Getting Out of Trouble from AutoCAD

◼ Backspace <  >

◼ Cancel < Ctrl + C >

◼ Escape < ESC >

◼ Undo < U >

Lab # 02 Department of Electronic Engineering

Specifying distance from first point

2. Draw a square of 10x10 by following the command sequence given below:

3. Draw a Ray line by following the command sequence given below:

4. Draw a following figure by using Pline Command.

Lab # 02 Department of Electronic Engineering

5. Draw a following shape by using line command with given coordinates.

6. Draw the following shapes by using any coordinate system.

7. Draw the following shapes by using any coordinate system.

This is to certify that Mr./Ms. ________________ bearing Roll # of Batch