Abdullah Gül University

ME 301 Machine Elements Group Project

Fall 2020/2021

Each group assigned to analyse the Truss System in the figure below by using joint method.

-Apply joint method for 7 joints and report the FBDs, force balance equations, coefficient matrices etc.

-Construct two matlab files and report the results with several input values that you define. For varying
load calculate the internal load at the upper horizontal bars as the input load varies as 0 < Wleft < 100 N
and Wright = 100 N.

-You can find the methodology in the example truss system.

Randomly Oriented Groups:

MUAMMER KILÇIK
TİMUÇİN ACAR
Group 1 MUHAMMED YASİR SAYIN
İSMAİL TOSUN

ÖMER FARUK ASLAN

MERVE IRMAK
Group 2 TAHA MALIK
DERYA DEĞİRMENCİ

AHMET SAFA AYDOĞDU

BATURALP TAHA GERS
Group 3 KADİR ARSLAN
MUHSİN KARAKAŞ

RAMAZAN ASLAN
MOAAZ SAFWA
Group 4
BAHRİ ERKAM YAYLAMAZ
HATEM ASIF

Example Truss System:

(a) Apply the “Joint Method” at a total of N number of joints (A, B, C and D); and then construct 2N
linear equations for the 2N unknowns [the support reaction components (Ay, Cx, Cy) and
internal loads at the five members (F1, … , F5) ] by using force balance in x- and y-directions.
Then use a Matlab code to calculate these unknown “internal forces and support reactions”.

(b) Calculate the internal load in “the member #2” (=AD member) as the input load varies as 0
<WD<100 N and WB = 50 N.
Solution:

FBD diagram of the full system;

In total there are 8 unknown forces (Cx, Cy, Ay, F1, F2, F3, F4, F5) that requires 8 equations to be solved
uniquely where WB and WD are input loads.

Since there are 2 force balance in x and y directions at each 4 joints total number of equation is 2 x 4 = 8.

Joint A:

Ʃ𝐹𝑥 = 0 , −𝑑𝐹1 + 𝐹2 = 0, 𝑑 = 3/5

Ʃ𝐹𝑦 = 0 , −𝑐𝐹1 + 𝐴𝑦 = 0, 𝑐 = 4/5

Joint B:

Ʃ𝐹𝑥 = 0 , 𝑑𝐹1 − 𝑑𝐹3 − 𝐹4 = 0

Ʃ𝐹𝑦 = 0 , −𝑐𝐹1 + 𝑐𝐹3 − 𝑊𝐵 = 0 𝑐𝐹1 + 𝑐𝐹3 = 𝑊𝐵

Joint C:
 Ʃ𝐹𝑥 = 0 , 𝐹4 − 𝐶𝑥 = 0
Ʃ𝐹𝑦 = 0 , 𝐹5 − 𝐶𝑦 = 0

Joint D:

Ʃ𝐹𝑥 = 0 , −𝐹2 + 𝑑𝐹3 + 𝑊𝐷 = 0, 𝐹2 − 𝑑𝐹3 = 𝑊𝐷

Ʃ𝐹𝑦 = 0 , 𝐹5 − 𝑐𝐹3 = 0

Matrix format of 8 equations;

𝐴𝑥𝐵 =𝐶

−𝑑 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 𝐹1 0
−𝑐 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 𝐹2 0
𝑑 0 −𝑑 −1 0 0 0 0 𝐹3 0
𝑐 0 𝑐 0 0 0 0 0 𝐹4 𝑊𝐵
x =
0 0 0 1 0 0 −1 0 𝐹5 0
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 −1 𝐴𝑦 0
0 1 −𝑑 0 0 0 0 0 𝐶𝑥 𝑊𝐷
[0 0 𝑐 0 1 0 0 0 ] [𝐶𝑦] [ 0 ]

𝐴−1 𝐴𝐵 = 𝐴−1 𝐶 𝐼𝐵 = 𝐴−1 𝐶 𝑩 = 𝑨−𝟏 𝑪

det(𝐴) ≠ 0 so 𝐴−1 exist.

%% Matlab Code for Example Truss System, Constant Load

%% Here are the 8 unknown forces

%% ( = 5 internal forces and 3 support forces):

%% F1
%% F2
%% F3
%% F4
%% F5
%% Ay
%% Cx
%% Cy

clear all, close all, clc

%% Loads on D and B are input parameters:

wD = input('\nEnter the Load on D: ');

wB = input('\nEnter the Load on B: ');

c = 0.8; %% c = sin(theta)
d = 0.6; %% d = cos(theta)

%% The 8x8 coefficient matrix, A:

A = [-d 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
-c 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
d 0 -d -1 0 0 0 0
c 0 c 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 -1 0
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 -1
0 1 -d 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 c 0 1 0 0 0];

%% The column vector, C on right hand side:

C = [0
0
0
wB
0
0
wD
0];

%% Solution of the unknown forces by using equation (2):

B = inv(A)*C;

F1 = B(1)
F2 = B(2)
F3 = B(3)
F4 = B(4)
F5 = B(5)
Ay = B(6)
Cx = B(7)
Cy = B(8)

%% Matlab Code for Example Truss System, Varying Load

%% Here are the 8 unknown forces

%% ( = 5 internal forces and 3 support forces):

%% F1
%% F2
%% F3
%% F4
%% F5
%% Ay
%% Cx
%% Cy

clear all, close all, clc

%% Loads on D and B are input parameters:

wDmin = input('\nEnter the Minimum Load on D: ');

wDmax = input('\nEnter the Maximum Load on D: ');
wB = input('\nEnter the Load on B: ');

c = 0.8; %% c = sin(theta)
d = 0.6; %% d = cos(theta)

%% We define a varying load as an array:

wD = wDmin:0.1:wDmax;

%% “For loop” calculates F2 for each value of input load D

for i = 1:length(wD)

A = [-d 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
-c 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
d 0 -d -1 0 0 0 0
c 0 c 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 -1 0
 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 -1
0 1 -d 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 c 0 1 0 0 0];

%% The column vector, C on right hand side:

C = [0
0
0
wB
0
0
wD(i)
0];

%% Solution of the unknown forces by using equation (2):

B = inv(A)*C;
F2(i) = B(2);
end

plot(wD,F2,'linewidth',3)
grid on
title('Internal Load in the Member #2 while 0 < D < 100 N and B = 50 N')
xlabel('Input Load D [N]')
ylabel('Internal Load, F2 [N] on the Member #2')