Module No.

1 VERBS

I. Overview:

If you're a native English speaker who's new to studying

grammar, you probably know the correct use of tenses without even
knowing you know it. On the other hand, there can always be surprises
as to how we normally and usually understand its simplicity yet ending
up into complicated and doubtful results. For us to assess ourselves,
this module will provide a handful of information regarding the concern.

II. Objectives:

1. Identify the different kinds and types of verbs.

2. Perform a 2-minute drama or play showing the importance of
knowing the correct use of verbs to an effective communication.
3. Write a 150-word essay about “How did you celebrate your
Christmas and New Year break?” using correct verb tenses.

III. Suggested Readings:

1. Surf in the net and document the websites of the related topics
found in this module.
2. Read other documents like books to help you understand these
different topics in this module.
3. Read also the following references listed below:

Halliday, M.A.K. and Matthiessen, C.M.I.M. 2004. An

Introduction to Functional Grammar. Arnold: p. 6.Jump up ^ "'Verbs' –
Definitions from Dictionary.com". Dictionary.com. Retrieved 2008-05-
23.

Halliday, M.A.K. and Matthiessen, C.M.I.M. 2004. An

Introduction to Functional Grammar. Arnold: p. 6.Jump up ^ Exploring
Language: Verbs

http://www.grammar-monster.com/lessons/verbs.htm
IV. Individual Lesson
Direction:
1. Read and study the text provided below.
2. Answer the given exercises.
3. Pass all these next meeting (January 3, 2017).

Exploration of the Content:

What Are Verbs?

Verbs have traditionally been defined as words that show action or state

of being.

Verbs can also sometimes be recognized by their position in a sentence.

In the following two sentence frames, only a verb can be put into the
empty slot.

            NOUN __________                            THERE ________ NOUN

                            (verb)                                                        (verb) 
         

Often, prefixes and suffixes (affixes)  will signify that a word is a

verb.  For example, the suffixes -ify, -ize, -ate, or -en usually signify that
a word is a verb, as in typify, characterize,
irrigate, and sweeten.  Prefixes such as be-, de-, or en-  may signify
that a word is a verb, as in bestow, dethrone, and encourage.  

These affixes, often inconsistent from verb to verb, are

called derivational affixes. Added to a word, they either change the
word's part of speech

     Example: 

      

or change the word's meaning

    
Example: 

The base form of a verb is derived from the verb’s infinitive:  to  +  verb

                          

Four suffixes consistently added to a verb’s base create all forms of a

verb used in all tenses:

1. -s          creates 3rd person singular / present

tense  (He talks.)

2. -ing       creates the present participle / used with be  (He is

talking.)

3. -ed        creates the simple past  (He talked.)

4. -en        creates the past participle / used with have  (He has

talked.)

Note The -en verb ending used with a form of to have as

: an auxiliary is generally written -ed, as in has talked.
      

Unlike the derivational affixes, these inflectional suffixes are

consistently used with all verbs, even though their form may look
different from verb to verb.

Because many verbs in English are irregular; as result, their –

ed and/or –en  endings may not follow any obvious pattern.

Examples:
(to Smith writes short stories at home. (-
write s ending)
) Smith is writing short stories at home. (-
ing ending)
Smith wrote short stories at home. (-
ed ending)
 Smith has written short stories at home. (-
en ending)
*
Jones buys a newspaper each day.  (-
s ending)
Jones is buying a newspaper today.  (-
ing ending)
(to
Jones bought a newspaper yesterday. (-
buy)
ed ending)
Jones has bought newspapers every
day.  (-en ending)
*
Students go to the library often. (-s ending)
Students are going to the library often. (-
ing ending)
(to
Students went to the library often. (-
go)
ed ending)
Students have gone to the library often. (-
en ending)

The majority of verbs are regular and consistently use -ed and -en to

form their simple past tense and past participles. (e.g. talked, has
talked)    

Many verbs are irregular, however, and follow no consistent pattern in

creating their -ed and/or -en forms.  A list of the major irregular verbs is
shown below.

Present Past (-ed Past Participle

form) (-en form)
Ask asked  asked
Attack attacked attacked
Awaken awakened awakened
OR awoke
Bear Bore borne/born
Begin Began begun
Blow Blew blown
Break Broke broken
Bring brought brought
Burst burst burst
Choose chose chosen
Cling clung clung
Come came come
Dive dived OR dived
dove
Do did done
Drag dragged dragged
Draw drew drawn
Drink drank drunk
 Drive drove driven
Drown drowned drowned
eat  ate eaten
Fall fell fallen
Fly flew flown
Get got got OR gotten
Give gave given
go  went gone
Grow grew grown
hang (things) hung hung
hang hanged hanged
(people)
Happen happened happened
Know knew known
Lay laid laid
Lead led led
Lie lay lain
Loosen loosened loosened
Lose lost lost
Pay paid paid
Ride rode ridden
Ring rang rung
Rise rose risen
Run ran run
See saw seen
Set set set
Shake shook shaken
Shrink shrank OR shrunk OR
shrunk shrunken
Sing sang sung
Sink sank OR sunk sunk
Sit sat sat
Speak spoke spoken
Spin spun spun

A verb phrase is defined as the main verb together with all its auxiliaries
(helping verbs).

Auxiliary verbs always precede the main verb.

 There are two types of auxiliary verbs:

1. Inflected auxiliary verbs: 

b have do
e

2. Modal auxiliaries (considered more fully under (auxiliary verbs)

Presen past no
t tense
Will would must
Shall should  
Can could  
May   might  

     Examples of verb phrases:

He has (auxiliary has  +  main
taken the test. verb  take.)
He is taking the (auxiliary is  +  main
test. verb  take)
He did take the (auxiliary do  +  main
test. verb take)
He has (auxiliaries has been
been taking the + main verb take)
test.

Verbs may be divided into three types:

A.     Action verbs - show an action -- either physical or mental

          

B.   Verbs of being (forms of be - is, are, was, were,

has/have/had been, will be) - show a state of existence: 
      

C.  Linking verbs - link a subject with its complement 

            (A subjective complement "completes" / "equals" the subject.)

            Linking verbs:  appear, taste, smell, feel, look, sound, grow, seem,

remain, become

   

        NOTE:  Most linking verbs can also be used as action verbs.

            

Action verbs may be either transitive or intransitive.

A.  A transitive verb is one that is followed by a direct object.

  Example: 

  

B.  An intransitive verb is one that is NOT followed by a direct object.

   Example: 

                  

Caution:  An intransitive verb may be followed by adjectives, adverbs,

and/or prepositional phrases.  As long as the verb is not followed by a
noun or pronoun functioning as the direct object, the verb is intransitive.

   Example:   

    

 NOTE:  Some action verbs may be either transitive or intransitive.

  Example:  (left) 
          

        

          Another example (read):                   

               

              

          

Verbs have three moods:  indicative, imperative, and subjunctive.

A. The indicative mood states a fact, asks a question, or exclaims. 

    B. The imperative mood gives a command.  The subject is always "you"

understood.
       

C. The subjunctive mood occurs in two instances:

1. The sentence indicates a situation contrary to fact.

     

2. The sentence
 shows a wish, desire, or demand 

 in a nominal  clause beginning with that  

 following verbs such as desire, demand, request,

suggest

         
IV. Evaluation

Exercise No.1
Directions: Copy the poem below. Write it on a 1 whole sheet of paper.
Encircle all the verbs that can be found in Psalm 23.

“A Psalm of David”
New International Version

The Lord is my shepherd, I lack nothing.

He makes me lie down in green pastures,
He leads me beside quiet waters,
He refreshes my soul.
He guides me along the right paths
For his name’s sake.
Even though I walk
Through the darkest valley,
I will fear no evil,
For you are with me;
Your rod and your staff,
They comfort me.

You prepare a table before me

In the presence of my enemies.
You anoint my head with oil;
My cup overflows.
Surely your goodness and love will follow me.

Exercise No.2
 Directions: Copy the table provided below. Fill in the corresponding tenses
of the verbs needed to complete the table. Use a 1 whole sheet
of paper.

PRESENT FORM PAST FORM PAST PARTICIPLE

Arise Arose
Strove striven 
Study Studied
Swear Sworn
Swam Swum
Swing Swung
Took Taken
Tear Torn
Threw
Freeze Frozen
Spit Spat
Spring Sprung
Steal Stole
Stung Stung
Stink Stunk
Forgive Forgiven
Weave Wove
Wring Wrung
Wrote Written

Exercise No.3

Directions: Supply the appropriate verb in the sentences that will agree to the
subject.
1. Either the physicians in this hospital or the chief administrator
___________ going to have to make a decision.
2. ___________ my boss or my sisters in the union going to win
this grievance?
3. Some of the votes ___________ to have been miscounted.
4. The tornadoes that tear through this country every spring
___________ more than just a nuisance.
5. Everyone selected to serve on this jury ___________ to be
willing to give up a lot of time.
Exercise No.4
 Directions: Copy the sentences below. Underline the correct verb on the
following sentences. Write it on a ½ sheet of paper.

1. The presence of so many older women (was, were)

disconcerting.
2. The cause of his many failures (was, were) easy to discover.
3. A flashlight and an old tin can (is, are) all that you will need.
4. Two officers and a private teacher (was, were) killed in the
mountain.
5. The secretary and treasurer (is, are) good.
6. Our friend and benefactor (has, have) arrived.
7. Neither the twins nor their nurse (is, are) ready.
8. My purse, together with my gloves and keys (was, were) taken
from my car.
9. Athletics (is, are) my interest.
10. There (was, were) students in the pool.

Exercise No.5

Directions: Copy the sentences below. Find and correct the errors. Make sure
that the verb and the pronoun correspond to each other. If found
none, write No error.

1. Both of the ladies seems interested in English.

2. There are many kinds of students who spends time on
computer games.
3. Each of the students wear school uniform.
4. Most of the teachers likes Jane, my classmate.
5. Someone have left his English book in the library.

Activity No.1
 Directions: In a group of 10 members, perform a 2-minute drama or
play showing the importance of knowing the correct use of verbs to an
effective communication.

To rate, criteria below is presented.

CRITERIA
Originality 10%
Creativity and Style 10%
Content 40%
Correctness 30%
Audience Impact 10%
Total 100%

Activity No.2

Directions: Write a 150-word essay about “How did you celebrate your
Christmas and New Year break?” using correct verb tenses.

To rate, criteria below is presented.

CRITERIA
Content 30%
Creativity in writing 10%
Organization 10%
Correctness 40%
Neatness 10%
Total 100%