SHS ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL PURPOSES (EAPP), SEM 2 Q3

Name: __________________________________________________________ Score: ______________

Grade and Section: _____________________________________________ Date: _______________

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET NO. 1

I. Introduction

The academic text or also known as the academic language embodies the language
that is used for academic discipline. It includes textbooks, tests and in classrooms. The
academic text has different forms namely; a paragraph or the sentence structure,
purpose, genre, audience, overall organization, and level of text difficulty, these are the
factors that affect how the person write or read in the discipline.
Academic language includes language used in textbooks, in classrooms, on tests,
and in each discipline. It is different in vocabulary and structure from the everyday
spoken English of social interactions. Each type of communication (both academic and
social) has its purpose, and neither is superior to the other.

II. Learning Competency

Differentiates language used in academic texts from various disciplines

CS_EN11/12A-EAPP-Ia-c-2

III. Objectives

At the end of this learning activity sheet, you are expected to:
1. Differentiate academic texts from non-academic texts;
2. Recognize the characteristics of language used in academic
texts; 3. Analyze academic texts according to its language use; and
4. Evaluate academic texts based on its use of language.

IV. Discussion

Nature and Characteristics of an Academic Text/Articles

An Academic Text/Article is a reading material that provides information which include

concepts and theories that are related to the specific discipline.

Academic texts/articles are written by professionals in a given field. They are edited by
the authors' peers and often take years to publish. Their language is formal and will
contain words and terms typical to the field. The authors name will be present, as will
their credentials. There will be a list of references that indicate where the author obtained
the information s/he is using in the article.

The following are considered as academic texts: Research Paper, Conference Paper,
Feasibility Study, Thesis/Dissertation, Reviews, Essay, Academic Journals,
Reports.
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Structure
Unlike fiction or journalistic writing, the overall structure of an academic text is formal
and logical (Introduction, Body, Conclusion). It must be cohesive and possess a logically
organized flow of ideas; this means that various parts are connected to form a unified
whole.

Tone
The overall tone refers to the attitude conveyed in a piece of writing. The arguments of
others are fairly presented and with an appropriate narrative tone. When presenting a
position or argument that disagrees with one’s perspectives, describe the argument
accurately without loaded or biased language.

Language
It is important to use unambiguous language. Clear topic sentences enable a reader to
follow your line of thinking without difficulty. Formal language and the third person point
of view should be used. Technical language appropriate to the area of study may also be
used, however it does not mean using “big words” just for the sake of doing so.

Citation
Citing sources in the body of the paper and providing a list of references as either
footnotes or endnotes is a very important aspect of an academic text. It is essential to
always acknowledge the source of any ideas, research findings, data, or quoted text that
have been used in a paper as a defense against allegations of plagiarism.

Complexity
An academic text addresses complex issues that require higher-order thinking skills to
comprehend.

Evidence-based Arguments
What is valued in an academic text is that opinions are based on a sound understanding
of the pertinent body of knowledge and academic debates that exist within, and often
external to a specific discipline.

Thesis-driven
The starting point of an academic text is a particular perspective, idea or position applied
to the chosen research problem, such as establishing, proving, or disproving solutions to
the questions posed for the topic.
Characteristics Academic Text Non-academic

Audience Academia Mass Public

Purpose Inform the audience with Inform, entertain or persuade the

solid evidence readers

Style Formal and impersonal Personal, impressionistic,

emotional or subjective

Structure Standard Structure No rigid structure

Language Formal language avoids Informal and casual language,

colloquialisms may contain
 Subject/Content Shared historical events Personal life and everyday events
or literature or other
forms of knowledge

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Academic Language
Academic Language refers to the oral, written, auditory, and visual language proficiency
required to learn effectively in schools and academic programs. It is also the language
used in classroom lessons, books, tests, and assignments. It is the language that
students are expected to learn and achieve fluency in.

Why is academic language so important?

Students who master academic language are more likely to be successful in academic
and professional settings

What is difference between academic language and social language? Social language
is the simple, informal language we use when talking face to face with family members
and friends. It allows us to use contemporary or slang terms like “cool,” “awesome,” or
“dude.” We can also communicate feelings, needs, and wants using symbolic hand
gestures for drink, eat, hot, cold, hurt, or tired. Social language also includes writing
emails, friendly letters, and texts or retelling stories. Academic language is different
from everyday social language. It is the vocabulary students or adults must learn to
succeed in the classroom or in the workplace. We use academic language to describe
and comprehend complex ideas, process higher-order thinking, and understand abstract
concepts. Academic language is what students read in textbooks and on tests and what
they hear during instruction in the classroom. Students with limited or low academic
language skills are more than likely to have low academic performance in classroom
settings.

Some of the differences between social and academic language that students should look
for include:
Social Language Academic Language

repetition of words variety of words, more sophisticated vocabulary

sentences start with “and” and sentences start with transition words, such as
“but” “however,” “moreover,” and “in addition”

use of slang: “guy,” “cool,” and No slang

“awesome”

CHARACTERISTICS OF ACADEMIC LANGUAGE

FORMAL It should not be conversational and casual. Avoid colloquial and idiomatic
expressions, slang, and contractions.
X dig in
X cup of tea
X dude
X don’t
 IMPERSONAL Do not refer to yourself as the performer of actions. Do not use
personal pronouns.
For example:
“It is commonly said that” … instead of “Many of my friends and colleagues say
that…” “Research revealed that…” instead of “I discovered that”

PRECISE The facts are presented accurately. The choice of words is appropriate. The
use of technical terms to achieve precision is applied.
For example:
“85% of the population”, “The results are okay (satisfactory).”, asphyxiation (medical
term

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OBJECTIVE It is unbiased, based on facts and is not influenced by personal feelings.
For example:
“The essay on… is distressing.” instead of “I do not like the essay”

Non-Academic Articles
are written for the mass public. They are published quickly and can be written by anyone.

Characteristics of Non-Academic Articles

1. Non-academic articles are based on any general conversation or topic. 2. Its main
purpose is to inform, entertain or persuade the readers. 3. It’s thought is based on
conversational. Their language is informal, casual and may contain slang.
4. Often rely heavily on emotional appeal or the opinions of the author. 5. The author
may not be provided and will not have any credentials listed. It is often do not contain
citations and references.
6. These types of articles are mostly personal, impressionistic, emotional, or
subjective in nature.

Examples: It includes magazine and newspaper articles, personal or business letters,

novels, websites, text messages, fiction or non-fiction writings.

V. Activities

A. Fill Me Up!
Directions. Using the Venn diagram, compare and contrast the characteristics of
academic texts from non-academic texts. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
 ACADEMIC TEXT NON-ACADEMIC TEXT

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B. What Discipline Am I?
Directions. Using the criteria, evaluate the language of the following sample of academic
texts from various disciplines.
A. This essay intends to investigate whether there is a causal relationship between music
listened to and the mood of individuals. Additionally, it will seek to explore whether
this relationship is used in advertising to encourage people to spend money.

B. This essay on how the lyrics of hip-hop developed as a form of protest against a society
segregating the working classes based on the premise of the music having a distinct
and energizing rhythm that really inspires people to move, thereby reaching out to
audiences who wouldn’t normally believe in protest, let alone speak out in public.
Thus, the music becomes a vehicle for words of protest that can and indeed have
changed the world.

C. The researcher found out that the male population has a higher chance of being hired
compared to the females. Eighty percent of the employers stated that since females
are privileged with maternity leave, they leave their work for some time resulting to a
decline on the overall production of the company. I think this is very judgmental on
 the part of the employers. It goes against the Women Empowerment Movement. I
strongly urged the employers to rethink their choices because women are great
workers

D. This essay is focused on investigating the photo tactic responses of three different
species of fish that occupy different areas of an aquarium: danios (Danio rerio),
which group near the surface of the water, black skirt tetra (Gymnocorymbus
ternetzi), which swim in the middle of the tank, and kuhli loach (Pangio kuhlii),
which swim near the bottom of tank. It is anticipated that they will respond
differently to light according to their niche with the tank.

E. As a student, I want to understand how Multiple Intelligences Theory affect students’

learning. For example, I learn better when I listen to music while my circle of friends
learns best when they discuss the lesson together. I believe that all of us are unique.
We have our own ways to excel in school. That’s why I want to conduct a study on
this particular matter.

Answer the following:

Characteristics of Academic Language
1. Does the first text use a formal language? (Yes/No)
2. Is the language impersonal? (Yes/No)
3. Is the choice of words appropriate for an academic text? (Yes/No) 4. Does the text use
technical terms? (If yes, write 1 term found in the text. (Yes/No) 5. Is the academic text
objective? (Yes/If No, write 2 phrases that indicate subjectivity.)

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C. Evaluate Me!
Directions. Read the academic texts from various disciplines and evaluate each text

A. Infection after consumption of fresh duck blood and undercooked poultry products
has been suspected in some cases of illness. Indeed, transmission to felids was
observed after experimental feeding of infected chickens to domestic cats, and
feeding tigers raw infected chicken led to outbreaks of illness in Thai zoos, in which
felid-to
felid transmissions were also implicated. Infected birds shed high concentrations of
virus in feces. Direct intranasal or conjunctival inoculation while swimming in
contaminated water or, perhaps, inhalation or ingestion of water could have been
potential modes of transmission to some H5N1– infected patients. As for human
influenza, hand contamination from fomites and self-inoculation into the eye or
upper respiratory tract remain possible modes.
B. The number of calories burned during an exercise depends on various factors
including body weight and the type of exercise. For example, an individual weighing
59 kilograms (130 pounds) would expend roughly 500 calories per hour swimming
or playing basketball. However, this same person would burn an estimated 200
walking or playing table tennis. In order to survive and maintain body weight, the
 average individual requires approximately 2000 to 2500 calories per day. Gaining or
losing weight is a simple process. Add and subtract 7,700 calories over the course
of time to gain or lose a kilogram. Nutrition has nothing to do with it. It is all about
calories.
C. Wrigley’s chewing gum was actually developed as a premium to be given away with
other product rather than as a primary product for sale. As a teenager, William
Wrigley Jr. was working for his father in Chicago selling soap that has been
manufactured in his father’s factory. The soap was not very popular with merchants
because it was priced at 5 cents, and this selling price did not leave a good profit
margin for the merchants. Wrigley convinced his father to raise the price to ten
cents and to give away cheap umbrellas as a premium for the merchants. This
worked successfully, confirming to Wrigley that the use of premium was an effective
sales tool.
D. As a learner-centered process to second language (L2) writing, peer response has
been widely adopted and studied since the 1990s (Hyland &Hyland, 2006). The
dialogic nature of peer response seems to foster multiple support systems (Hyland,
2000) and communicative behaviors (Villamil & de Guerrero, 1996). L2 research has
shown that peer response can increase chances for meaning negotiation and
language practice (Lockhart & Ng, 1995; Mendonca & Johnson, 1994), encourage
collaborative reading and writing (Tsui & Ng, 2000), and promote writing revisions
(Berg, 1999; Mendonca & Johnson, 1994;; Min, 2006, 2008; Stanley, 1992). These
interactive practices appear to draw upon and enhance interactional and writing
skills.
E. The results show that there is a lack of awareness in Singaporean Muslim towards
Islamic banking products and services in Singapore. However, Singaporean
Muslims, on average still accept the operation and believe that it is crucial to have
more Islamic banking in Singapore in the future. Factors of bank selection also are
as indicators to gauge which services needed to be improved so that local Muslims
are attracted to set up an Islamic banking account.

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On a separate sheet of paper, answer the following questions.

1. What discipline could this text belong to? _________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________
2. What type of language does the article use? _______________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3. Who are the target audience of the text? ___________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
4. Is the text objective or subjective? Explain your answer. ___________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________

VI. Assessment
Directions: Read each statement carefully and identify whether each statement is
true or false. Write T if it is true and F if it is false.

_____ 1. An academic text should clearly state its thesis, argument or proposition. _____
2. It is acceptable to include one’s judgment but should be supported by evidence. _____
3. Both academic and non-academic texts can be used to inform. _____ 4. Both academic
and non-academic texts employ the use of informal language. _____ 5. Academic texts can
use first person point-of-view and include one’s emotional attachment to the topic.
_____ 6. The language used in academic texts should be conversational. _____ 7.
Language used in academic texts employ technical terms specific for each field and/or
discipline.
_____ 8. Academic language should be objective, precise, impersonal and formal.
_____ 9. Slangs and colloquialisms are used in academic texts.
_____ 10. Students who master academic language are more likely to be successful in
academic and professional settings.

VII. Reflection

What I Have Learned

Directions: Reflect on what you have learned after taking up this lesson by answering
the questions below.

1. How can academic texts affect your life as a student?

2. Why is learning to appropriately use the academic language vital in uplifting

your socio-economic status in life?

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VIII: References

ENGLISH FOR PROFESSIONAL AND ACADEMIC PURPOSES, (M.F. Ruiz-Garrido, J.C.

Palmer-Silveira, I. Fortanet-Gomez, n.d.) www.handyhandouts.com

https://www.slideshare.net/MariechrisDavid1/eapp-first-lesson

https://www.midmich.edu/student-resources/lls/library/find-articles/academic
articles

Department of Education. English for Academic and Professional Purposes. (2016).

Teacher’s Guide. First Edition. http://bnvhsmodules.com/wp
content/uploads/2020/10/EAPP
Department of Education. English for Academic and Professional Purposes. (2016).
Reader. First Edition. http://bnvhsmodules.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/EAPP

https://www.coursehero.com/file/16491849/academic-text-and-non-academic-text/
 Prepared by:

CRISTELLE F. PANGILINAN
Teacher II, JRLMHS-SHS

Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times.

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IX. Key to Correction 3. T
2. T
1. T
Assessment:

Answer may vary

Activity 4

10.T Answer may vary

9. F Activity 3
8. T
7. T Answer may vary
6. F Activity 2
5. F
4. F Answer may vary
Activity 1
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