GRADE 10 LESSON PLAN (Prepared by: Mrs.

Simpson)
TOPIC: Statistics
TEACHERS: J. Hayle, G. East, P. Dehaney, G. Watson, A. Simpson
DATE: October 5-16
SUB TOPICS
1. What is Statistics and how it is used in Everyday Life
2. Collecting Data
3. Representing and Organizing Data
4. Analyzing Visualization Charts
5. Performing Statistical Calculations

SUBTOPIC 1: What is Statistics and how it is used in Everyday Life

Objectives:
(a) Define the term Statistics.
(b) Explain why Statistics is important
Definition: Statistics is the practice or science of collecting and analyzing numerical data in large quantities,
especially for the purpose of inferring proportions in a whole from those in a representative sample.
Why is statistics important?
Statistical knowledge helps us to:
 Use the proper methods to collect the data,
 Effectively present the results. 
 Employ the correct analyses.
 Make predictions/decisions
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Preamble:
You will need statistics to do your Math SBA project a requirement for CSEC Mathematics. There are different
types of research design/method. The two main ones are:
i. Quantitative non-experimental (QN-E): you gather data from records already established or surveys
ii. Quantitative experimental (QE): you collect data through your own experiment
Activity:
1. Consider the following research topics and determine if they are
a) QN-E b) QE c) neither
2. Does the area of paper plane wings determine the distance of flight?
3. Is egg farming profitable?
4. Do students who are never late for school perform better academically than those who serve late detention?
5. Which social media platform is the most popular among students at school?
SUBTOPIC 2: Collecting data
Objectives:
(a) Explain how data is collected and the instruments used.
(b) Classify data
The sample size must be large enough to effectively do a study. Sample size between 30-50 respondents is
adequate for most SBA. The information collected must be confidential or anonymous when doing a survey.
Choosing the respondents must be random so as to minimize bias. This is best done by employing systematic
sampling technique or using simple random sampling (SRS) technique (drawing names out of a bag or using a
random number generator)
List of some instruments used to collect data include:
 Survey
 Questionnaire
 Interview
 Records from archives
 Experiment
 Observation
 Report / bills
 Labels/receipts
 Research/internet
 Charts/maps
CLASSIFY DATA
Data can be classified as two types:
i. Discrete
ii. Continuous
Discrete Data is information we collect that can only take definite value. For example: Shoe sizes, number of
people in a class etc.
Continuous Data is data that can take any value (within a range). For example heights weights time etc.
SUBTOPIC 3: Representing/Organizing Ungrouped Data
Objectives:
(a) Draw visualization charts and tables for ungrouped data.
(b) Analyze information displayed in visualization chart
There are several data visualization graphs and tables. Not all data can be presented using all these charts. The
list below is a set of some of the popular charts used to present data.
1. Frequency tables (grouped frequency table): they show the number of times an event occurs
2. Pictographs: they use symbols to represent the frequency of an event
3. Pie charts: they show how a whole is divided into different proportion or percentage
4. Bar charts and double bar graphs: they compare quantities that are independent of each other
5. Histograms: they compare quantities that are continuous or inter-connected to each other.
6. Line graphs: they show how numbers change over time
7. Frequency Polygons: they are closed line graphs showing trends but not over time
8. Scatter plot: they use dots to show how two variables are related to each other on the Cartesian plane.
Activity: Identify the type of charts below:
SUBTOPIC 4: Analyzing Visualization Charts
Teachers will give activities related to:
(a) Drawing the charts
(b) Analyzing information given on the charts.
Chart 1: Bar Charts

14
12
Profit (in millions of $)

10
8
6
4
2
0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Year

Activity: Using the chart above, answer the following questions:

1. What is the graph showing?
2. What is the total profit?
3. What is the mean profit
4. What is the range of profit?
5. Which year had the greatest increase?
Chart 2: Pie Charts

Activity: The pie chart above shows the responses of 216 students when asked what their favourite game is.
Use the data to answer the following questions:
1. What angle represents cricket?
2. How many students play chess?
3. How many students do not play tennis?
SUBTOPIC 5: Performing Statistical Calculations
Objectives
(a) Perform statistical calculations for ungrouped data (measures of central tendency and measures of
dispersion)
There are two main types of calculations in statistics:
i. Calculations of central tendency: mean, mode and median
ii. Calculations of spread or dispersion: range , interquartile range and standard deviation

The Mean
The arithmetic mean is simply the sum of data divided by the number of values.

Mean=
∑ of data
number of values

Mean ( x́ )=
∑x
n
∑ (sigma) symbol means “add up”. So the above formula means add up all the x values and divide by the
number of these values (n)
Activity 1a: Finding Mean from Raw Data
In a diving competition the score a diver produced after seven attempts were:
7 3 5 9 2 6 6
Find the mean.
Activity 1b: Finding Mean from a Frequency Table

Formula:

Mean=
∑ fx (x are the values of the variable)
f
(2 ×1)+(3 ×2)+( 4 × 4)+(5× 10)+(6 ×7)+(7 ×4 )+(6 × 8)+(9 ×1) 201
= =5.74
35 35
The Median
The median is the middle observation after the data is ranked. In the event the number of observations is even,
the average of the two central observations is computed.
Activity 2a: Finding Median with Odd Number Raw Data Value
The hourly rate of five people in a variety of occupations is given below. Find the median hourly rate.
$32 $24 $12 $15 $18

Activity 2b: Finding Median with Even Number Raw Data Value
Twelve students will give the scores they made on a multiple choice test and find the median.

Activity 2c: Finding Median from Ungrouped Frequency Table

Find the median of the data set shown in the table above.

The Mode
The mode of a set of observations is that observation that occurs most frequently. The data may not have any
mode or it may have 2 or several modes.
Activity 3: Compute the mode for the three data sets.
(a) 2, 5, 2, 7, 9, 4, 8
(b) 5, 2, 7, 4, 8, 3
(c) 19, 2, 17, 4, -2, 17, 3, 4, 5

Advantages and Disadvantages of each Measure of Central Tendency

Types Advantage Disadvantage
Mean Simple to compute Easily distorted by extreme values( outliers)
Makes use of all the data
Median Not sensitive to extreme values. Tedious to find in large data set as ordering
Its value is usually in the data set of the data is time consuming without a
computer.
Mode Easiest to understand May not exist in a data set
The Range
This is the difference between the largest and the smallest value
Activity 4: Find the range of the data set
4 2 7 1 2 15 2 11 4

Inter-quartile Range (IQR)

This is the difference between the median of the upper half of the data set and the lower half of the data set
Steps
1. Rank the data and divide it into two halves
2. Find the median of the upper half (Q3)
3. Find the median of the lower half (Q1)
4. The IQR = Q3- Q1
The Semi-IQR = ½(Q3- Q1)
Activity 5: Twelve students declared the scores they made on a multiple choice test
36 40 41 42 42 43 45 45 47 48 51 58
Find the inter-quartile range
Standard Deviation
The standard deviation is an advance way of calculation spread or dispersion within a data set. The larger the
standard deviation the less homogenous it is
Formula:

∑ (x −x́)2
s=
√ n
Example:
Evaluation: