CE1 Exercises and Worksheets

AY 2020-2021 Second Semester

Research Group #_____________________

Department of Clinical Epidemiology

CE1: RGC 6 Exercises
Comparative analytic outcomes

Intended Learning Outcome

• At the end of the activity, you should be able to determine the most appropriate
descriptive and inferential statistics for your particular research.
I. A case-control study of 1700 participants looked at the association between Tamoxifen and uterine cancer.
The study included 689 cases. There were 139 cases and 58 controls taking Tamoxifen. Fill in the 2x2 table.
Uterine Cancer
Tamoxife Yes No
n
Yes
No
a. Calculate the odds ratio of the above study.
b. Interpret the measure of association.

II. An investigator conducts a study to determine whether there is an association between caffeine intake and
Parkinson’s disease. He assembles 230 incident cases of PD and samples 455 controls from the general
population. After interviewing all subjects, he finds that 64 of the cases had high daily intake of caffeine
(exposed) prior to diagnosis and 277 of the controls had low daily intake of caffeine (unexposed) prior to the
date of the matched case’s diagnosis.
a. Assemble the 2x2 table for this study using the information given.
Case Control
Exposed
Unexposed

b. Calculate the odds of being a case (or having the disease) among the exposed
c. Calculate the odds ratio for disease given exposure to high daily intake of caffeine (versus low
daily intake of caffeine).
d. What does the odds ratio indicate?

III. In a prospective cohort study examining the risk of wound infections when an incidental appendectomy
was done during a staging laparotomy for Hodgkin’s disease, the results found were as follows: Incidental
appendectomies were performed in a total of 131 patients, and seven of these developed post-operative
wound infections. In the 79 patients who did not have incidental appendectomy, 1 developed wound
infection.

a. Complete the 2x2 table and compute for cumulative incidence of wound infection.

Had Incidental No Cumulative

Wound Infection Total patients
Appendectomy? Wound Infection Incidence
Yes

No
b. Compute for the risk ratio (relative risk). Interpret the risk ratio.

IV. In 1982, the Physicians' Health Study (a randomized clinical trial) was begun in order to test whether low-
dose aspirin was beneficial in reducing heart attacks. The study population consisted 22,000 male physicians
who were randomly assigned to either low-dose aspirin or a placebo. They followed these physicians for
about five years. Results showed that out of 11,037 subjects assigned to the aspirin group, 139 developed a
heart attack. Out of the 11,034 subjects on placebo, 239 developed a heart attack.

a. Complete the 2x2 table below and compute for the cumulative incidence of heart attack per group.

No Cumulative
Treatment Heart attack Total
Heart attack Incidence

Aspirin

Placebo

b. Compute for the risk ratio (relative risk). Interpret the findings.

______________________________END__________________________________
NB: No need to submit any worksheet for this exercise. No plenary session for this. Just meet and
discuss answers with your facilitators based on subgroup.