HOW TO USE MICROSCOPE

Khairul Mahdi

FMIPA, Universitas Negeri Makassar

Abstract
The microscope (Greek: micros= small and scopein=see) is a device for viewing objects that are too
small to be seen under the eye . the microscope is an aid that can be found almost in the laboratory for
observation of microscopic (microscopic) organisms. The science that studies small up through this
instrument is called a microscope, and microscopic words mean very small, difficult to see. The
microscope was first discovered by a dutch scientist named antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723)
designed a single small circular microscope. Leewenhoek uses its very simple microscopic view of
the river’s water. Rainwater. Spit , feses, et cetera. It is interested in how many small moving objects
are invisible to the moving objects “animalcule” which he viewed as very small animals. His
discoveries made him more enthusiastic about observing the objects by increasing his microscope.
This is done by accumulate more lenses and place them on a silver plate. Curiosity then arises in the
authors, about how scientists are thinking and how they’re going to solve a biological problem. It is
with curiosity that impels writers to recognize the parts of the microscope and their function and the
way of observing objects. Thus, implement this practice in order to give students the opportunity to
recognize the parts of the microscope and their function and how observe objects to be studied.
Practical Purpose:The aim of these microscopes and microscopes and microscopes is students skilled
in the quick and safe use of biological microscopes. The shadowy nature of the microscopes was
determined on the two lenses: the object and the ocular lens. An objective lens is shadowy, inverted
and minimized. The ocular lens, on the other hand, has a pallorof vivid shapes, vertical and enlarged.
The method of its use was that the object was observed laid as closely as possible to the typhus tocush
lenses object . whereas your eye is directly on the ocular lens, in other words close to the lens. The
observer’s eye was behind the objective lens with the image of okuler right at the focal point lens.
1. INTRODUCTION development of the history of microbiology
A. Background (Pramesti Hening, 2000). of the discoveries of
the history of microbiology about the
microscope is Antoni Van Leeuwenhock (1632-
The human senses have a limited ability to 1723). In 1675 Antonie made a microscope with
separate. Therefore, many problems regarding a fairly good lens quality by stacking more
objects or organisms to be observed can only lenses so that Antonie could observe the
be examined using tools. One of the tools that microorganisms found in stagnant rainwater
are often used in observation, especially in the and flower pot water as well as from sea water
field of biology is a microscope and tooth frying materials.
(Winatasasmita,1989).
B. Practical Purpose
The microscope comes from the Greek micos
The aim of these microscopes
small and scopein means to see is an
instrument to see objects that are too small to and microscopes and microscopes is
see with big eyes. The science that studies students skilled in the quick and safe
small objects using this tool is called
microscopy, and the word microscopy means use of biological microscopes. C.
very small, not easily visible to the eye. In its Practical Stead The value of the
development, the microscope was able to study
practice is that students can use the
very small living organisms that could not be
seen with the naked eye. So that the microscope of biology carefully and
microscope makes an important contribution in
the discovery of microorganisms and the
 safely to look at the sediment to be
observed.
C. Practical Stead
The value of the practice is
that students can use the microscope of
biology carefully and safely to look at
the sediment to be observed. The
purpose of the introduction of
Microscope practicum and To
recognize know the function of each
part of the microscope as well as
Skilled in using a microscop.
2. BASIS FOR THEORY
Microscope (Greek: micros= small and
scopein= see) is a tool for see objects
too small to see with the naked eye.
The science that studies small up
through this instrument is called
microscopic, and the word
microscopic, means very small
invisible to the eye ( Roy, 2012)
The microscope first used by
renaissance scientists. And the
microscopes we might use are light
microscopes. In the light microscope,
light appears to be passed on through
the specimen and then through a glass
lens (Campbell,2010). The microscope
is one of the tools needed in the
science lab. These are usually used for
observation about microscopic objects,
both stationary and movable
microorganisms (Sadina, 2014).
According to the source of the
light, the microscope is divided into
two, that is, the light microscope. The
light microscopes themselves are
further divided into two large groups
based on observation activities and the
complexity of surveillance activities.
Based on its observation activities, light
microscopes are developed into
microscopes and monocular and
binocular areas to observe the interior
of the cell (Ari Bawono, 2014).
The shadowy nature of the
microscopes was determined on the two
lenses: the object and the ocular lens.
An objective lens is shadowy, inverted
and minimized. The ocular lens, on the
other hand, has a pallorof vivid shapes,
vertical and enlarged. The method of its
use was that the object was observed
laid as closely as possible to the typhus
tocush lenses object . whereas your eye
is directly on the ocular lens, in other
words close to the lens. The observer’s
eye was behind the objective lens with
the image of okuler right at the focal
point lens (Elli Arianti, 2014)
3. practical method
A. Time and place
The time and place for the
implementation of the Microscope Introduction
Practicum and Making Wet Preparations and
Seeing the Location of Shadows are:
Day/Date : Wednesday, 6 october 2021
Time: 9.10-12:30 WITA
Place : Integrated Laboratory of FMIPA
Makassar University
B.Tools and ingredients
A. tools
The tools and materials used in the
Microscope Introduction Practicum are:
1.Mikroscope
2. Glass objects
3. Petri dish
4. Tweezers
5. New razor blade
6. Flannel
7. Wipe cotton
8. Toothpick
B. ingtidients
1. Distilled water
2. Filter paper
3. Cotton and cotton
4. Shallots
C. Method
The work procedures carried out in the
Microscope Introduction Practicum:
1. Setting up the microscope
a. Place the microscope on the workbench right
in front of you
b. Clean the microscope body with a flannel
cloth. Do not rub the lens with a cloth other
than flannel.
c. open the toolbox, take out the stained glass
containing the slide and cover slip. Clean the
glass with a cotton cloth or filter paper.
2. regulate the entry of light into the tubus
a. Pay attention to where the bright light is
coming from. Point the mirror towards the
light and open the diaphragm or turn the plate
in a moderate position.
b. position the revolver so that the shortest
objective is facing the preparation table until it
clicks.
c. lower the tubus until the objective end of the
table is 5-10 mm
d. look through the eyepiece with the left eye
without squinting, you will see a white round
field
3. How to adjust the distance between the lens
and the preparation
a. With your hand, turn the coarse control or
macrometer towards the thumb, the tubus goes
down, the objective distance from the
preparation table is reduced, do the opposite
b. Install the slide containing the preserved
preparation on the preparation table in such a
way that the material being observed is in the
center of the hole in the object glass clamp so
that it does not shake.
4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
A. Results
Information:
1. Microscopic pawsn = (Propping up the
microscope to keep it steady)
2. Microscope hold = (As a handle and control
the slide of the microscope)
3. Table of objects = (To lay out the research) 4.
Grip ready/clip = ( To power through and press
the glass objects/preparat)
5. Mirror = (To reflect the light into the
diaphgram)
6. Condensers = (Gthering the light that comrs
in and focuses the light
7. Diaphgram = (To control the amount of light
that’s coming in)
8. Microscope tube = (Adjusting the focus and
providing a link between and objective lens)
9. Revolver = (Ajusting the scope of the
objective lens)
10. Objective lenses = (Amplifying the shadow
of an object or object of observation) 11. Ocular
lens = ( Enlarges the image produced by an
objective lens)
12. Rough director screws = (To lower the
objective tube quikcly)
13. Screws the fine director = (set the focus on
a small scale so it’s got a more specimen focus).
B. Discussions Based on these observations,
then we can see that gyroscopes are a device for
viewing objects that are too small to be seen
with naked eye. From what it does, it is known
that the ocular lenses of light serve to magnify
objects shaped by an objective lens. The
control button is roughly focused to look for
the image of the so quickly that the microscope
tube drops or goes up quickly. A
B. Discussions
Based on these observations, then we
can see that gyroscopes are a device for
viewing objects that are too small to be seen
with naked eye. From what it does, it is known
that the ocular lenses of light serve to magnify
objects shaped by an objective lens. The
control button is roughly focused to look for
the image of the so quickly that the microscope
tube drops or goes up quickly. A smooth focus
control button to focus the shadow of the
object slowly. So the microscope came down
or up slowly. The button on off works for put
the microscopes on or off. The condenser
screws are located on the bottom of the table of
objects that act to drive the condenser up and
down. The ojective lens, the lenses close to the
observable object, it forms a vivid, inverted
image, magnified. Where the lens is regulated
by revolver to determine an objective lens
zoom. There are generally three objective
lenses with 4x, 10x, and 40x augmentation. A
source of light where electron light emanates,
to brighten objects that are to be observed. The
arm of of the microscope for a handle while
carrying a microscope. The preparat table to
put an object (object) to hold the the preparat
table to keep it from drifting. The microscope
in order to stand firmly on the table. The
preparatory table serves for the holding of
objects to which they are prepared. Glass
object clamps to hold the preparations above
the preparat table to keep the microscope in
order to stand firmly on the table. The
preparatory table serves fo the holding of
objects to be observed, the general preparatory
table also does the advance, reverse, and
desired left side. The enlargement of
microscopic forces is built in such a way to
magnify the image of the image of the object.
The power of the microscope needs to be
modified proportionately with distance. If it
uses an enlargement of a higher power, the
lens needs a closer position with the object.
The lens adapts the distance very important to
focus precisely. About the zoom rate was that
the zoom rate was that the zoom was modified
on both eyepieces and a microscope. To
determine the zoom, it needs to check the casing
on extended lens to print. In simple terms the
magnification power of the microscope refers to
the degree to which instruments can magnify
objects placed in its image. Normally the most
common bulging force is 4x, 10x, and 40x. It’s
for a microscope lab but do you have a weak
and powerful microscope. If using a light
microscope, then generally zoom in light ranges
seen up to 1500x
5. CONCLUSION AND ADVICE
A. Conclusion
The results ofsuch a survey could
suggest that the microscope is made up of
several components, optical and mechanical
components and has differing functions, that
observing with the microscope we should know
its parts, thus facilitating their usage. A
microscope should also be shown how to clean
and store away any damage to the microscope.
B. Advice
a. To practice, it is expected that future
possession of matter and practical concepts
before entering the laboratory room, as well as
meticulous and thorough while doing the
works.
b. To the assistant, it is expected to
provide a good guide and when it has assessed
a practice report that it will make criticisms and
suggestions if there is error.
c. To laboratories, so that the facilities
and refurbished in order to facilitate the path
of practice.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Campbell, 2010. Biologi Umum Lanjutan I. -mirror
Universitas Terbuka: Jakarta 2. Write the name of the mechanical
Roy, 2012. Dasar-dasar Biologi. Universitas section of the microscope!
Hasanuddin: Jakarta
Answer:- condensers
Sadina, 2014. Mengubah Mikroskop
Cahaya Menjadi Mikroskop -mechanical drive
Digital Multimedia dengan
Menggunakan Sofwere IM -macrometer
Magician 4 TCEH.
-micrometer
Jurnal Kalitbangan, 2(2) 2014.
-revolver
Ari Bawono, 2014. Indentifikasi Fokus
Mikroskop Digital Menggunakan -diaphrag
Metode Otsu. Jurnal Berkala
Fisika, 17(4): 139-144. -column

Elli Arianti, 2014. Mikroskop sederhana dari -microscpe paws

Botol plastik Sebagai

Alat Pembelajaran pada -condenser

Pengamatan Sel. Jurnal EduBio -available table
Tropika, 2(2): 187- 250.
-availability table hole
ENCLOSURE
1. Write the name of the optical section -tubus condenser
of the microscope!
-sengkeling
Answer: -objective lens

-the ocular lens

3. If the shadow in the field of sight is to be
moved to the front left, where does the
glass go? Why is that so?
Answer: If shadows on the field are
aimed backward, makacaca
objects/slated should be moved backward
why so because what we see on the field
of view is a shadow produced by an
obitifical lens andan ocular lens opposite
to the object therefore, when it slides the
shadow over the opposite field of view
4. Write a negative impact on
microscope if the lens is rubbed with a
rag or plain paper?
Answer: Negative effect on the
microscopes if the lenses were polished
with a common cloth or paper in that they
would result in scratches in the lenses and
automatically they would be disruptive in
the observation process, so that the
observations made would result in less
accurately and cause the images to be
produced to mismatch and the
the
scope of the microscope would be worn out.