SREENIVASA INSTITUTE of TECHNOLOGY and MANAGEMENT STUDIES

(autonomous)

(MICROWAVE ENGINEERING)

Question bank

IV - B.TECH / I - SEMESTER regulation: r16

Prepared by

FACULTY INCHARGE : Dr. Y. MURALI MOHAN BABU

DESIGNATION : PROFESSOR

DEPARTMENT : ECE
 SREENIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT STUDIES
(Autonomous)
DEPARTMENT of ECE
16ECE 413 MICROWAVE ENGINEERING

QUESTION BANK
Question PO
No. Questions Attainment
UNIT – 1: MICROWAVE TRANSMISSION LINES
PART-A (Two Marks Questions)
1 State the limitations of conventional tubes at microwave frequencies. PO1
2 Compare the differences between Waveguide and Co-axial cable. PO1
3 What is TM wave? PO1
4 Distinguish between O – type tubes and M – type tubes. PO1
5 What is TE wave? PO1
6 How can you say wave guide is High Pass filter? PO1
7 What is cavity resonator? PO1
8 What is TEM wave? PO1
9 Explain Microwave waveguide shapes? PO1
10 Define the quality factor of a resonator. PO1
11 Explain the microwave spectrum? PO1
12 List out the applications of microwaves. PO1
13 Define Voltage standing wave ratio and Reflection coefficient. PO1
14 What is dominant mode? PO1
15 What is degenerative mode? PO1
16 What is a and b values in a rectangular waveguide? PO1
17 Define cutoff frequency in a rectangular waveguide? PO1
18 Draw the frequency spectrum for various frequencies. PO1
19 What are the advantages of microwaves? PO1
20 What is the range of microwave spectrum? PO1
PART-B (Ten Marks Questions)
Derive the expressions for the field components due to TM waves in
1 PO1, PO2
rectangular waveguide.
PO1, PO2,
2 Show that a waveguide works like a high Pass Filter? PO3
a) What is the relation between λ0, λg & λc in a wave guide? Derive it.
3 PO1, PO2
b) Discuss the concept of attenuation in wave guides.
a) Discuss how the Microwave spectrum is categorized into different bands.
4 b) What is the need of Microwave frequency? Explain different applications of PO1, PO2
Microwaves?
5 Briefly explain the rectangular cavity resonator. PO1, PO2
What are the different power losses in rectangular waveguide? PO1, PO2,
6
Derive expressions for them. PO3
Derive the expressions for the field components due to TE waves in PO1, PO2,
7
rectangular waveguide. PO3
A rectangular waveguide has dimensions a=5cm, b=2cm.The signal applied
PO1, PO2,
8 to waveguide is 10GHz. Determine the modes that are propagating in the PO3, PO4
waveguide.
A rectangular waveguide has dimensions a=4cm, b=3cm, and d=10cm. PO1, PO2,
9
Determine the resonant frequency. PO4

2
 SREENIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT STUDIES
(Autonomous)
DEPARTMENT of ECE
16ECE 413 MICROWAVE ENGINEERING
a) Write short notes on “Cavity resonators”
10 b) Distinguish between TEM, TE and TM modes of the propagation in PO1, PO2
rectangular waveguides.
Explain about dominant and degenerate modes.
11 PO1, PO2
Draw the sketches of TE and TM mode analysis.
Show that the TEM, TM01 & TM10 modes does not exist in a rectangular
12 PO1, PO2
waveguide.

Question PO
Questions
No. Attainment
UNIT – 2: WAVEGUIDE COMPONENTS
PART-A (Two Marks Questions)
1 What is wave guide? PO1
2 What is the .Properties of s-matrix? PO1
3 Define s-matrix PO1
4 Why is s-matrix used in MW analysis? PO1
5 What are ferrites and give their properties? PO1
6 Explain about Tuning ports. PO1
7 Explain about bends. PO1
8 Explain about windows PO1
9 Explain about screws PO1
10 Explain about Directional coupler. PO1
11 Explain about Flap attenuator. PO1
12 Explain About Isolator. PO1
13 What is a Magic Tee? Why it is called as Magic Tee? PO1
14 Explain about circulator. PO1
15 Explain the principle of E Plane. PO1
Define
i.Coupling factor
16 PO1
ii.Directivity
iii.Isolation
17 Explain the principle of H Plane. PO1
18 What is Gyrator? PO1
19 What is the principle of Microwave phase shifter? PO1
20 What are junctions? Give some examples PO1
21 What is hybrid ring? PO1
22 What are the different types of Directional coupler? PO1
PART-B (10 Marks Questions)
What is discontinuity in a waveguide? Explain different types of windows and
1 PO1, PO2
their equivalent circuits.
a) Describe the working of Probe coupling and how the position of probe is
PO1, PO2,
2 dependent on coupling. PO3
b) Draw the diagram of H – Plane Tee and explain the working.
1 PO1, PO2,
3 Show that the scattering matrix for a magic Tee is given by [S] = 2
PO4

3
SREENIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT STUDIES
(Autonomous)
DEPARTMENT of ECE
16ECE 413 MICROWAVE ENGINEERING
0 0 1 1
0 0 1 −1
1 1 0 0
1 −1 0 0

What is the principle of phase shifter? Draw the diagram of dielectric phase
4 PO1, PO2
shifter and discuss the working mechanism.
Explain the properties of E – Plane tee and give reasons why it is called series
5 PO1, PO2
tee.
What are Ferrites? Prove that for a ferrite, the permeability matrix is given by:
µ −𝑗𝑘 0 PO1, PO2,
6
[µ] = −𝑗𝑘 µ 0 PO4
0 0 µ𝑜
7 Describe Bethe – hole coupler and explain working. Derive its S-matrix. PO1, PO2
Derive the S-matrix of a directional coupler in standard form. PO1, PO2,
8
PO3
What is Faraday rotation?
PO1, PO2,
9 Explain the working of a ferrite circulator with neat sketches. PO3
How can it be used as an isolator?
Write short notes on
10 (a) Properties of S matrix. PO1, PO2
(b) Gyrator and its applications.
Explain the construction, operation and applications of the following
microwave components.
11 PO1, PO2
(a) Circulator
(b) Gyrator.
What is magic Tee?
12 What is the magic? PO1, PO2
Describe the properties of magic Tee & give its S-Matrix.
Define and explain the significance of the following terms as applicable to a
directional coupler.
13 i. Coupling PO1, PO2
ii. Directivity
iii. Insertion loss
Write short notes on:
i. Tuning Screws
ii.Tuning Posts
14 PO1, PO2
iii.Bends
iv.Phase Shifters
v.Terminations

4
 SREENIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT STUDIES
(Autonomous)
DEPARTMENT of ECE
16ECE 413 MICROWAVE ENGINEERING

Question PO
Questions
No. Attainment
UNIT – 3: KLYSTRON TUBES
PART-A (2 Marks Questions)
1 What is two cavity klystron? PO1
2 Draw the two cavity klystron. PO1
3 What is the operation of reflex klystron? PO1
4 Define velocity modulation. PO1
5 Give the formulae for efficiency in reflex klystron & two cavity klystron? PO1
6 What is the difference between velocity modulation and current modulation? PO1
7 Explain about the Bunching Process PO1
8 Explain about Applegate Diagram PO1
9 Explain about Applegate Diagram PO1
10 Explain about O Type Tubes PO1
11 Explain about Reentrant Cavities PO1
12 Explain about M Type Tubes PO1
PART-B (10 Marks Questions)
With the help of Applegate diagram, explain the operation of a reflex klystron; PO1, PO2,
1
show that the theoretical efficiency of reflex klystron is 27.78%. PO3
a) Describe with the neat sketch the constructional details and principle of
operation of a reflex klystron tube. With the help of Applegate diagram PO1, PO2,
2
illustrate the phenomenon of bunching. PO3
b) Derive the expressions for bunched beam current and efficiency.
3 Write short notes on “helix Travelling Wave Tube” with neat sketches PO1, PO2
a) Distinguish between velocity modulation and current modulation.
4 PO1, PO2
b) Explain the construction and working of a multi cavity klystron.
Draw the equivalent circuit of reflex klystron & explain about the electronic PO1, PO2,
5
admittance of it and calculate the efficiency. PO3
Describe the mechanism of velocity modulation in a two cavity Klystron and PO1, PO2,
6
hence obtain an expression for the bunched beam current? PO3

5
 SREENIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT STUDIES
(Autonomous)
DEPARTMENT of ECE
16ECE 413 MICROWAVE ENGINEERING

Question PO
Questions
No. Attainment
UNIT – 4: TRAVELLING WAVE TUBES AND MAGNETRONS
PART-A (2 Marks Questions)
1 Differentiate between klystrons and TWT. PO1
2 What is the difference between travelling wave tube and magnetron? PO1
3 Discuss various operating mode of Gunn diodes. PO1
4 Explain about Modes Of Resonance in magnetron PO1
5 What are the characteristics of TWT? PO1
What is strapping in magnetron? How is the same effect obtained without
6 PO1
strapping?
7 Write short notes on “LSA mode in GUNN diode”. PO1
8 Explain about cross fields PO1
9 How are oscillations avoided in travelling wave tube? PO1
10 Differentiate between transferred electron devices and transistors. PO1
11 What are the Types of slow wave structures? PO1
12 Explain about PI-Mode PO1
13 Explain about Cylindrical Travelling Wave Magnetron PO1
Estimate the fr of an IMPATT diode whose drift velocity is 105 m/sec and
14 PO1, PO2
Drift space is 22 µm.
15 Explain about Hartree Conditions PO1
PART-B (10 Marks Questions)
a) Explain how the oscillations are sustained in cavity magnetron with suitable
1 sketches assuming that π – mode oscillations already exist. PO1, PO2
b) Explain how the same effect is obtained without strapping.
Explain how magnetron allows electron bunching to take place and prevents
2 PO1, PO2
favored electrons from slipping away from their relative position.
3 What is need of Helix in TWT? Describe the Amplification process for TWT. PO1, PO2
4 Write short notes on “Magnetron Oscillator”, and its applications. PO1, PO2
Draw the band diagram of GaAs and explain the Gunn effect, where by
5 negative resistances and therefore oscillations are obtained under certain PO1, PO2
conditions from bulk gallium arsenide
What is transferred electron effect? In which type of material it is present.
6 How the domain formation is taking place in Gunn devices and what are its PO1, PO2
various modes of operation?
7 Define mode jumping? Explain the techniques to eliminate mode jumping? PO1, PO2
What are the Re-entrant Cavities? Why these are different from Resonant
8 PO1, PO2
cavities? Explain?
With the support of a diagram, explain the operation of Eight Cavity
9 PO1, PO2
Magnetron.
An X-band pulsed Cylindrical Magnetron has Vo=30 kV, Io=80 A, Bo=0.01
PO1, PO2,
10 Wb/m2 , a=4 cm, b=8 cm. Calculate i) Cyclotron angular frequency ii) Cutoff PO4
voltage iii) Cutoff magnetic flux density

6
 SREENIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT STUDIES
(Autonomous)
DEPARTMENT of ECE
16ECE 413 MICROWAVE ENGINEERING

Question PO
Questions
No. Attainment
UNIT – 5: MICROWAVE SOLID STATE DEVICES & MICROWAVE MEASUREMENTS
PART-A (2 Marks Questions)
1 How do you measure microwave power? PO1
2 How do you measure microwave frequency? PO1
3 Draw the microwave bench setup. PO1
4 State the various methods for measuring attenuation? PO1
5 Under what conditions double minimum method of VSWR is preferred? PO1
6 Explain in brief about errors in microwave power measurement? PO1
7 How do you measure microwave VSWR? PO1
8 Compare IMPATT and TRAPATT diodes. PO1
9 How do you measure microwave attenuation? PO1
10 Draw the microwave setup using slotted line to measure VSWR. PO1
11 How do you measure microwave impedance? PO1
12 List out the precautions in microwave experiments to be followed. PO1
13 What is IMPATT? PO1
14 What is TRAPATT? PO1
15 Define VSWR? PO1
PART-B (10 Marks Questions)
Derive the expressions for power output and efficiency of TRAPATT diode.
1 PO1, PO2
Mention its applications and performance characteristics.
2 Discuss about the various Gunn oscillation modes in detail. PO1, PO2
Explain how Manley –Rowe power relations are useful in the prediction of
3 PO1, PO2
power gain possibility in a parametric amplifier.
4 Discuss in detail the power measurement using microwave devices PO1, PO2
a) Distinguish between low frequency measurement and microwave
measurements.
5 PO1, PO2
b) What are the precautions to be taken while setting up microwave bench for
measurement of various parameters? Explain
a) Explain the method to measure VSWR and reflection co-efficient.
6 PO1, PO2
b) Describe the measurement of impedance using slotted line and Smith chart.
Discuss about the important considerations when making attenuation
7 PO1, PO2
measurements.
8 What is a TRAPATT diode? How is it better than IMPATT diode? PO1, PO2
9 Explain the Attenuation measurement techniques. PO1, PO2
10 How do you measure microwave power using different techniques PO1, PO2
a) Write short notes on “LSA mode in GUNN diode”.
11 b) How is it possible to exhibit negative resistance characteristics in an PO1, PO2
IMPATT diode?
a) Explain VSWR measurement in detail.
PO1, PO2,
12 b) Calculate VSWR of a rectangular guide of 2.3cmx1.0cm operating at PO4
8GHz. The distance between twice minimum power points is 0.09cm.

***ALL THE BEST***