Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • Kaplan Turbine.

    Uploaded by

    Shravani Gogawale
    8 views13 pages
    The Kaplan turbine is an axial-flow reaction turbine invented in the early 20th century. It can achieve high efficiencies of 90-93% for low heads below 100m and is used for large flow rates. Key components include adjustable runner vanes and it has a higher specific speed than other hydraulic turbines. Characteristic curves show relationships between efficiency and head/specific speed and how output parameters like speed and specific speed degrade with constant head as shaft power increases while discharge increases directly with shaft power. The Kaplan turbine is well-suited for applications requiring high efficiencies and flow rates at low heads.

    Original Description:

    Original Title

    Kaplan Turbine. (2)

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Report this Document
    The Kaplan turbine is an axial-flow reaction turbine invented in the early 20th century. It can achieve high efficiencies of 90-93% for low heads below 100m and is used for large flow rates. Key components include adjustable runner vanes and it has a higher specific speed than other hydraulic turbines. Characteristic curves show relationships between efficiency and head/specific speed and how output parameters like speed and specific speed degrade with constant head as shaft power increases while discharge increases directly with shaft power. The Kaplan turbine is well-suited for applications requiring high efficiencies and flow rates at low heads.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf or txt
    8 views13 pages

    Kaplan Turbine.

    Uploaded by

    Shravani Gogawale
    The Kaplan turbine is an axial-flow reaction turbine invented in the early 20th century. It can achieve high efficiencies of 90-93% for low heads below 100m and is used for large flow rates. Key components include adjustable runner vanes and it has a higher specific speed than other hydraulic turbines. Characteristic curves show relationships between efficiency and head/specific speed and how output parameters like speed and specific speed degrade with constant head as shaft power increases while discharge increases directly with shaft power. The Kaplan turbine is well-suited for applications requiring high efficiencies and flow rates at low heads.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 13

    Government Polytechnic Pune.

    Mechanical Department.
    Course name: Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Machinery (ME3101)
    Course teacher: A.A. Gadhikar
    Semester: 4th Semester
    Student names: 1. Shravani Gogawale 1904042
    2. Purva Chalindrawar 1904019
    Division: D2
    Hydraulic Turbine
    Kaplan turbine.
    The Kaplan turbine is a great development of early 20 th
    century. Invented by Prof. Viktor Kaplan of Austria during
    1913 – 1922. This is a pure axial flow turbine uses basic
    aerofoil theory. These have 90% or better efficiency. These
    are applicable for low head.

    The figure shows basic components of turbine.

    • Basic parameters
    Parameters Kaplan turbine
    Turbine type Purely reaction turbine
    Flow type Axial flow type
    Number of vanes and buckets Impeller with 4 to 8 vanes
    Head required Low head (below 100m)
    Flow rate Very large flow rate
    Specific speed High specific speed
    Adjustment of runner vanes Runner vanes are adjustable
    Overall efficiency Above 90 to 93%

    • Velocity diagram.
    The diagram shows velocity triangle of Kaplan turbine.
    The following table show the ratio of boss to outer diameter
    (generally termed as hub ratio) for given head of water.

    Head
    in 5 20 40 50 60 70
    meters
    D/Db 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.7

    • Numerical.
    By following solved numerical, examples of Kaplan turbine
    can be solved.

    • Characteristics Graph.
    1. Head Vs Efficiency
    2. Specific speed Vs Efficiency
    (Shaft power=24647.6 kW, Speed=420RPM,
    Discharge=71.58m^3/s. These values are constant)

    Head Efficiency Specific speed


    1. 38m 92% 698.88 RPM
    2. 42m 83% 616.70 RPM
    3. 46m 76% 550.41 RPM
    4. 50m 70% 495.93 RPM
    5. 55m 63% 440.23 RPM
    1.Head Vs Efficiency
    2.Specific speed Vs Efficiency.
    (For next 3 graphs these values are constant- Head H=25m,
    Overall Efficiency= 80%, hydraulic efficiency =82%, angle
    alpha a= 35 degrees, Outer diameter Do=3m, boss diameter
    Db=1.75m.)

    Shaft Power Discharge Speed Specific


    (kW) (m^3/s) (RPM) speed (RPM)
    1)16000 81.54 67.99 153.84
    2) 17025 86.77 63.84 140.00
    3) 18000 91.74 60.40 144.96
    4) 19000 96.83 57.42 141.58
    5) 20200 102.95 53.96 137.19

    3.Shaft power Vs Speed in RPM.


    4.Discharge Vs Speed in RPM
    5.Speed In RPM Vs Specific Speed.
    Conclusion:
    • From first 2 graphs we can conclude that there is inverse
    relation between Head H and Overall efficiency and
    specific speed. As head increases for same discharge
    efficiency and specific speed decrease.

    • From last 3graphs we can observe if there is change in


    shaft power; Speed and Specific speed show
    considerable degradation with constant Head. But
    discharge shows direct relation that more the shaft
    power more will be the Discharge.

    You might also like