 Educational Leadership

Introduction & Definition

 Leadership Styles in Education
Hierarchical, Transformational and
Facilitative
 Developing effective School
Leaders
Teacher’s role as Leaders
 21st Century Leadership in
Education
Innovation Leadership and
21st Century Teaching & Learning
Explores organizational theories,
models of theories, models of
leadership & management, and
personal & organizational change.

Bridges the theories to practical

applications in education settings.
To provide participants with an insight of Educational
Leadership styles and opportunity to explore role of
Teacher as leaders in school change management and
restructuring in the 21st Century teaching and learning.

To assist participants to
choose and situate best
leadership styles within
organization function, and
to develop a vision of their
leadership practice within a
perspective of how school
organization works.
Education & Leadership
Introduction & Definition
EDUCATION
Education in general sense is a form of learning in which
the knowledge, skills, and habits of a group of people
are transferred from one generation to the next through
teaching, training, or research.
• A process of acquiring knowledge and
delivering to others
• Knowledge is an awareness of self and
surroundings
• Self awareness is a process of knowing about
personal potentials, faculties, dreams and
desires.
• knowing surroundings with its realities,
structures, requirements, usages and its
relationship to self is knowledge.
LEADERSHIP
Definition: described as “a process of social influence
which one person can enlist the aid and support
of others in the accomplishment of a common task’’.
For example, some understand
a leader simply as somebody whom people
follow, or as somebody who guides or
directs others, while others define
leadership as "organizing a group of people
to achieve a common goal’’.
’Studies of leadership have produced
theories involving traits, situational
interaction, function, behavior, power,
vision and values, charisma, and
intelligence, among others.
School leadership- a process of enlisting and guiding the
talents and energies of teachers, pupils, and Parents
toward achieving common educational aims.

School leadership-often used

synonymously in USA and has
replaced educational management in the
United Kingdom and school management
in Pakistan.

Several institutions through out the world

offer graduate degrees in educational
leadership.
Introduction: School Leadership
Came into currency in the late 20th century. Demands were
made on schools for higher levels of pupil achievement, and
schools were expected to improve and reform.
These expectations accompanied
by calls for accountability at the
school level.

Administration and management

are terms that suggest stability
through the exercise of control
and supervision.
The concept of leadership was favored because it conveys
dynamism and pro-activity.

The principal or school head

is commonly thought to be
the school leader;
however, school leadership
may include other persons,
such as members of a formal
leadership team and other
persons who contribute
toward the aims of the
school.
 Leaders, Born or made?
Good leaders are made not born.
Effective leader- desire and will power through a never ending
process of self-study, education, training, and experience.

To inspire your workers into higher

levels of teamwork, you must:-
be, know and, do.

These do not come naturally, but are

acquired through continual work and
study. Good leaders continually
improve their leadership skills; they
are NOT resting on their
achievements.
-a leader's way of providing direction, implementing
plans, and motivating people. Different situations
however, call for different leadership styles.
Autocratic leadership style- may be most
effective in an emergency, with little time
on an agreement & where designated
authority has more experience or
expertise:-
However, in a highly motivated and aligned
team with a homogeneous level of
expertise, a more democratic or laissez-
faire style may be more effective.
The style adopted should be the one most
effectively achieves the objectives
balancing the interests of its members.
When it comes
to Educational
Leadership,
which Style?
Types of Leadership Styles
in Education
Education is an important aspect of human life. How we
receive and translate it into our daily way of life is quite
largely dependent upon the way it gets passed on.

Educational leadership
has been studied over
years to address long-
standing concern of
students, educators,
and society as a whole.
Leadership styles were introduced to address the needs of
students from diverse backgrounds. Three different types
of styles commonly practiced are.

1.Hierarchical

2.Transformational

3.Facilitative
Types of Leadership Styles in Education

1.Hierarchical Style
Based on the traditional method of
education, emphasis in a top-down
approach with formal authority and
little scope for participatory analysis.

Administrative head, the principal,

carries out all duties of a:-
planner, supervisor, analyst,
resource allocator, etc.
A very straightforward, with major
emphasis on efficiency, control and
routines.
 Types of Leadership Styles in Education
2. Transformational style
Based on working together to put in
place a mechanism that will win
immediate benefits and future ones.
This leadership style opens the door wide
for intellectual excitement, motivation
through values and a shared vision by
participation in leadership activities.
(Although, most decisions are taken
individually or by a small group of people)
Transformational leadership fosters a sense of purpose and meaning
to unite people for a better cause.
Types of Leadership Styles in Education
3. Facilitative style
Similar strategies used in
transformational styles, but more
democratic as well as interactive in
practice.
Works with the entire management,
offering partnership in preparing for
the future, promoting collective ideas
by being a part of the crowd, rather
than being at the center.

Empowering the entire education system is the primary goal.

What works best?
What works best for which institution and how it needs
to be, is based on careful strategic planning and
consideration of its vision.
Ideally, a leader should use
strategies and options flexibly to
balance both; short-term and long-
term goals, and must serve the
institutional values.

State-of-the art programs for

leadership courses are now available
and provided by policy makers and
educational leaders for best delivery
designed for teachers to students.
 Developing Effective School Leaders.
Role of school leader has grown beyond that of administrator
as more countries require better achievement and grant
greater autonomy to schools in designing curricula and
managing resources.
Responsibilities need to be clearly
defined, providing access to
appropriate professional
development, and acknowledging
their pivotal role in improving
school and student performance.
Knowledge of the different roles and responsibilities of 21st Century
school leaders and how countries succeeded in developing effective
school leaders at scale is now a necessity.
Teacher’s role as Leaders
Ten Teacher’s Role
The ways teachers can lead are as
varied as teachers themselves.
Teacher leaders assume a wide range of
roles to support school and student
success. Whether these roles are
assigned formally or shared informally,
they build the entire school's capacity to
improve. Because teachers can lead in a
variety of ways, many teachers can
serve as leaders among their peers. So
what are some of the leadership options
available to teachers?
The following 10 roles are a sampling of the many ways teachers
can contribute to their schools' success.
1. Resource Provider
Teachers help their colleagues by sharing instructional
resources.
These might include Web
sites, instructional materials,
readings, or other resources
to use with students. They
might also share such
professional resources as
articles, books, lesson or unit
plans, and assessment tools.
2. Instructional Specialist
An instructional specialist helps colleagues implement
effective teaching strategies. This help might include ideas
for differentiating instruction or planning lessons in
partnership with fellow teachers.

Instructional specialists study and

explore instructional methodologies
that are appropriate for the school;
and share findings with colleagues.
 3. Curriculum Specialist
Understanding content standards, how various components
of the curriculum link together, and how to use the curriculum
in planning instruction and assessment is essential to
ensuring consistent curriculum implementation throughout a
school.

Curriculum specialists lead teachers

to agree on standards, follow the
adopted curriculum, use common
pacing charts, and develop shared
assessments.
4. Classroom Supporter
Classroom supporters work inside classrooms to help
teachers implement new ideas, often by demonstrating a
lesson, co teaching, or observing and giving feedback.
Consultation with peers enhanced
teachers' self-efficacy (teachers'
belief in their own abilities and
capacity to successfully solve
teaching and learning problems) as
they reflected on practice and grew
together, and it also encouraged a
bias for action (improvement through
collaboration) on the part of
teachers.
 5. Learning Facilitator
Facilitating professional learning opportunities among staff
members is another role for teacher leaders.
When teachers learn with and from
one another, they can focus on what
most directly improves student
learning. Their professional learning
becomes more relevant, focused on
teachers' classroom work, and aligned
to fill gaps in student learning.

Such communities of learning can break the norms of isolation

present in many schools.
6. Mentor
Serving as a mentor for novice teachers is a common role for
teacher leaders. Mentors serve as role models; acclimate new
teachers to a new school; and advise new teachers about
instruction, curriculum, procedure, practices, and politics.

Being a mentor takes a

great deal of time and
expertise and makes a
significant contribution to
the development of a new
professional.
 7. School Leader
Being a school leader means serving on a committee, such as a
school improvement team; acting as a grade-level or department
chair; supporting school initiatives; or representing the school
on community or district task forces or committees

A school leader shares the vision of the school, aligns his

or her professional goals with those of the school and
district, and shares responsibility for the success of the
school as a whole.
8. Data Coach
Although teachers have access to a great deal of data, they
do not often use that data to drive classroom instruction.

Teacher leaders can lead

conversations that engage
their peers in analyzing and
using this information to
strengthen instruction.
9. Catalyst for Change
Teacher leaders can also be catalysts for change, visionaries
who are “never content with the status quo but rather always
looking for a better way” (Larner, 2004, p. 32).

Teachers who take on the

catalyst role feel secure in their
own work and have a strong
commitment to continual
improvement. They pose
questions to generate analysis
of student learning.
10. Learner
Among the most important roles teacher leaders assume
is that of learner.

Learners model
continual
improvement,
demonstrate lifelong
learning, and use what
they learn to help all
students achieve.
 Roles for All
Teachers exhibit leadership in multiple, sometimes overlapping,
ways. Some leadership roles are formal with designated
responsibilities. Other more informal roles emerge as teachers
interact with their peers.
The variety of roles ensures
that teachers can find ways to
lead that fit their talents and
interests. Regardless of the
roles they assume, teacher
leaders shape the culture of
their schools, improve student
learning, and influence practice
among their peers.
Preparing Teachers: Delivery of 21st Century Skills.
Nations around the world have undertaken wide-ranging
reforms of curriculum, instruction, and assessments with the
intention of better preparing all children for the higher
educational demands of life and work in the 21st century.
These are skills that young people
need to know to be successful in this
rapidly changing world.
Q: Are teachers competent to
effectively teach those skills?
This leads to, what teacher preparation
programs are needed to prepare
graduates who are ready to teach well
in a 21st century classroom.
 Innovation Leadership

As an approach to
organization development,
innovation leadership can
be used to support the
achievement of the mission
or vision of an organization
or school.
In an ever changing world with new technologies and
processes, it is becoming necessary to think innovatively in
order to ensure their continued success and stay competitive.
The 21st century shift, Innovative Thinking
This new call for innovation, a
shift from 20th century traditional
view of organizational practices,
which discouraged innovative
behaviors, to the 21st century
view of valuing innovative
thinking as a “potentially
powerful influence on
organizational performance”.
 Innovation Leadership

As an approach to
organization development,
innovation leadership can
be used to support the
achievement of the mission
or vision of an organization
or school.
In an ever changing world with new technologies and
processes, it is becoming necessary to think innovatively in
order to ensure their continued success and stay competitive.
Innovation Leadership is……….
synthesizing different leadership styles in
organizations to influence to produce creative
ideas, products, services and solutions.

The key role in the

practice of innovation
leadership is the…
Innovation Leader.
Adapting to new changes in Leadership

“the need for innovation in

organizations has resulted in
a new focus on the role of
leaders in shaping the nature
and success of creative
efforts” in order to adapt to
new changes.
Without innovation leadership,
organizations are likely to
struggle.
21st Century Teaching & Learning
•21st Century Careers

•The new “3 C’s” of Education

•21st Century Skills

•21st Century Skills & Literacy

•Upgrade your Lessons

21st Century Teaching & Learning
Our students are waiting for 21st century learning,
and our world is awaiting graduates who can
succeed and flourish in fast-changing times.

None of this is to say

that everything must
change, hardly.
There are many, oh-so-
many thing we do that
should never change.
‘If a Child can’t learn the way we teach, maybe
we should ‘teach the way they learn’.
 21st Century Careers

21st century careers is all

about CHANGE in our
thinking, strategies and
behaviors to those that
work in the new ever-
changing and challenging
environment to meet the
challenges of the times.
A need to keep yourself current, resilient through continuous
learning, as well as connected to your values is the career of
the 21st century.
 The new “3 C’s” of Education
21st Century Teaching & Learning
Communicate Collaborate Create
To live and succeed in the
present world, students will
need for an increased focus
on communication,
collaboration, and
creativity and an emphasis
on teaching them to use
technology in order to
learn how to learn, solve
problems, and think
creatively.
 21st Century Skills
Students must be taught how to use technology efficiently and
effectively, ethically and appropriately, safely and respectfully to
learn how to learn, solve problems, and think creatively.
Successful schools have a clear sense of direction
through Vision Statement. – shared & derived through a
visioning process involving all members of the school.
Once affirmed, it needs to be able
to be articulated by all.
- when achieved, all can then align
their efforts behind the vision and
through self-reference and
development the school will reach.
Translated into reality by means of
a Teaching Framework or belief
system.
Example:
To be the center of excellence,
renown internationally for
Educational Leadership
exceeding expectation of 21st
Century National Standards put
forward By the Teacher
Training Agency
Widely used Instructional Leadership model
(Hallinger, 2003)

Instructional Leadership

Managing
Defining School Promoting
Instructional
Mission School Climate
Program
Framing Commu- Supervising Protecting Promoting
school nicating & evaluating instructional professional
goals school instruction time development
goals
Providing
Coordinating Maintaining
incentives for
curriculum high visibility
learning
Monitoring student Providing incentives
progress for teachers
What You Can Do to become
Stronger Innovation Leaders in
Your School, and…

...What are we doing

to do more of and
become better at…
Five Core Skills of Innovators Framework

Associating,
Questioning,
Observing,
Networking,
Experimenting.
Heidi Hayes Jacobs:
”If you’re not updating your curriculum,
you are saying that nothing is changing.”
“Nearly two-thirds (63 percent)
of school administrators who
responded to a recent survey
said 1:1 computing classrooms
where teachers act as a coach
for students are the future of
education.” (T.H.E Journal)
“Innovative teaching supports students’ development
of the skills that will help them thrive in future life and
work.” (IT Research)
What worked before doesn’t work today.

To make effective sense

of unfamiliar situations
and complex challenges,
we must have a grasp of
the whole situation, its
variables, unknowns and
mysterious forces.
This requires skills beyond everyday analysis.
It requires Innovation Leadership.
Innovative learning - inside or outside of school walls?

Sitting in a classroom
learning information is
rapidly disappearing.
Innovative ways to
become engaged in the
learning process and to
increase content
knowledge ,
- occurs in the community,
working on projects or to
sustain the school itself.
 Field-Based Learning
◦ Practice skills in a realistic setting, more likely to see the big
picture behind what they are learning. Field-based learning
provides that opportunity. An innovative program gives
student a chance to perform work in a real-life setting.
For example, students
who are learning
about ancient history
might spend time
working on an
archeological dig in
the area.
Mentoring
- an innovative practice being implemented in schools
across the nation. Often, mentoring consists of experienced
teachers assisting teachers who are new to the field.
◦ Mentoring programs train
students to mentor other
students are on the rise - helping
new students to integrate into
the school, assist in conflict
resolution and do peer tutoring.
Mentoring provides opportunity
to be leaders and can help unify
a student body.
Project-Based Learning
Projects can show students how disciplines as diverse as
English, science and math are interrelated - can be
developed to accommodate almost any curriculum.
For example,
A science teacher builds an
Electrolyzer with the students to
demonstrate Electrolysis of water with
soda to its gases form , who learned
all of the skills that accompany the
built and implementation and were
engaged in the process.
The students enjoyed the recognition
the project and gained confidence in
their abilities.