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    Hci Quantum

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    Deepanshu Gupta

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    + Topic-wise coverage of entire syllabus in Question-Answer form. + Short Questions (2 Marks) Scanned with CamScanner UNIT-1 : INTRODUCTION (1-1G to 1-186) nition, importance of yood design. { history of Screen design. The opularity of graphics, the concept of direct manipulation, graphical system, tics, Web user Interface popularity, characteristics- Principles of user interface. Importance of user Benefits of good dl UNIT-2 : DESIGN PROCESS (2-1 G to 2-246) Human interaction with computers, importance of human characteristics, human consideration, Human interaction spee understanding business junctions. III Screen Designing : Di goals Screen. . UNIT-3 : SCREEN DESIGNING (3-1 G to 3-33 G) Design goals ~ Screen planning and purpose, organizing screen elements, ordering of screen data and content - screen navigation nd flow - Visually pleasing composition —amount of information « "focus and emphasis - presentation information simply and meaningfully ~ information retrieval on web ~ statistical graphics Technological consideration in interface design. UNIT-4 : WINDOWS (4-16 to 4-346) New and Navigation schemes selection of window, selection of devices based and screen based controls. Components ~ text and Multimedia, colors, uses problems, messages, Icons and increas choosing colors. UNIT.5 ; SOFTWARE TOOLS (5-1 G to 5-146) Specification methods, interface ~ Building Tools. Interaction Devices - Keyboard and function keys ~ pointing devices speech recognition digitization and generation ~image and video displays ~ drivers, SHORT QUESTIONS (SQ-1 G to SQ-18 G) SOLVED PAPERS (2019-20) (SP-1 G to SP-12 G) Scanned with CamScanner [Parte Inroducion : Importance of ther Interfce, Detition Partt + Importance of Good Design, ~~ epee of Good Desi, {Baie His of Screen Dest The Graphieal Vee Inertice* Popularity sl Graphic, The Concent ‘st Direct Manipulation Graphical 805 Chorcterities Web Uaee Interfase Popolaty, Charteris, Priel of Ur aterfe Introduction 1:26 (cST-Sem-D Introduction Tm argent i PART) ps Inirodction: Importance wer Interfie Dfition. Questions-Answers ‘Long Answer Type and Medium Answer Type Questions CONTENTS 26 00 1-26 126 Wo 146 1G to 1-86 oe H8G 10 I-HI 116 to L186 Gack: | What do you mean by wrer interface ? Define user interface design. Why user Interface is important ? Taawer 1. Towser interfaces the prt oa computer andit software that people can ar, hear, touch talk t,o otherwise understand or direct, 2. Unerinterace derignisasutoe fa feldof ty called human-computer Human-computer interaction is the tod planning, nd design of how opie andenmpsters worktogetber so that aperoas needs are satisfied Pathe most effective way. 4 Ther interne an etal tna component put: Toput is rea person communicates hisher needs tothe computer. Some common input components are the Keyboard, ‘mouse, trackball HL Output Output is tow the computer conveys the results of its ‘computations and requirements tothe user. The moat common ‘iputer watyet mechanic 1s the diplay reon, Solid by ‘mechanisms that tke advantage ofa paras audiaryeapabien sich an vice and sound, '5. Proper interface denign il provide a mix of welldesigned input and output mechaniams that salisty the wer eed, capabilities, and Timltations inthe most fective way pour 6 Unerintericeimortant menane ft makes easier for target audience tocearly se the information about particular product. ([Parrz Importance of Goud Design, Wena of Gad Des A Br History of Sereen Design. of Long Answer Type and Medium Answer Type Questions a Scanned with CamScanner aman Computer Interface 1-3G(CSITSem-7) GoeTae| Describe the importance of good design. newer Important of good design: 1 Awelllesigned interface and screen's terribly important tour wers, It istheir window to view the capabilities ofthe system. 2 Iisalao the while rough whieh many erica task are presented 5. These tasks often have a direct impact onan onganzations relations with tertomers, adits profil. 4 Atercen'slyout and appearance affect person in variety of ways fa Ie hey aro eonfsing and inefcent, people will have greater Altcty i doing et jabs and will make mare stakes, 1b Poor design may even chase rome people aay fom a ystew, permanent. Teams leat aggravation festration, nd inreased tess hemes of good design? Gawd] What are th “Anawer “The benefits of good design 1. Serena vers ofthe mated scrocns completed transactions in ese fioand with ewer errors than thowe wh used the orignal ereens. 2 Reformattnginuiry sereensfllowing good Secson nakingtine. 4 Redesgns eventually improved the suecs rate, sverage completion ine 4 The more sucessful andere wale site taskeompletia rates about (Gopereent higher than thatthe lees sucessful ste. Training costs are homered because training time is reduced 1 Sopportlinecoste are lowered because fewer assist calls are nocessry 1. Fimlape salisfcton ie nereated because agsravation and frustration sreredacd WeeTAT ] Write a short note on history of sercen design. lesign principles reduced yd reed the Taewer |. The widespread interest inthe application of god design principles seccens didnot tegin to emerge until the early 1970s, when TBM ‘ntrdced it 0270 cathode rap tbe text-based terminal 14G (CST Sem-7) Introduction “1870s screw usually consisted of many lds with very eyptc ar sem unatliible ceptions Te wa visually cluttered, and often possessed a command Geld that ‘Ghallenged the user to remember what had tbe keyed inti “4 In960-1981 (alt athe tarnefthe decade guidelines for text-based item design were Gnally made widely avalale and many screens ‘gam to take ons much leer lttered look through concepts such as sreuping aod alignment of element. 15. User memory was supported by providing clear and meaningful fed ‘options amt listing omnandon the sereen and enabling them to ‘eaplied thevogh action keys. 6 Messages also became clearer. These sereens wore not fees however lstrctions apd reminders tothe wert the secon the form of prompt or completion aids 1. tthe 1980, 1704p sreens were tl beng designed, and many ill sie im aysters today |The entry fick! was eupplemented by a multitude of other kinds of ‘onitas neladig list bones, deep-dwn combination boxes xpi boxe sn 0 Forth 2. lathe 128, knowledge concerning what makes effective sereen desis ‘ontnved expand Croplal wither improving techno, the result Shrewn greater improvementsin the urer computer sere interac, ‘The Graphical User Interface Popularity of Graphies, The Conerpl ‘of Direct Manipulation. 2 ly etter. meio ‘estos Answers Long Answer Type and Medium Answer Type Questions Geers terface? = eee “with something. ee 2 ees ceeding S aceemneee! ere eee Scene astro What do you mean by graphical use Scanned with CamScanner 1-56 (CST Sem.) used to perform tasks, Human Computer faterface Objet ae alway ve othe ser ‘hey are intracted witha ents independent ofl eer oct Tropl perform eperton eed ations nlite The operations ico acening and odie obits by on selecting, and manipulating, "a ‘Aiea have tnd emit tears QeeLE | What ie popularity of graphics? 1 Argrapical screen bore scant resemblance to its earlier text-based colleagues ‘2 Whereas the older text bse sera pesessed a one dimensional graphic ‘Screens astm a thee-dnenana ok 8 Controls appeared trie abv te xreen and move when setivated, 44 Information ould appear and disappear es needed 15 Text could be replaced by graphical images called ions, Tse ions ould repesent bjt oSetins {6 Selection field suchas rod tons, check bxes, it boxes, and pletion oensted with the relia ld teat entry eld. 1. Objects and actions were selected though ue of printing mechani Increased computer por enables th users ations to be reacted to ‘piel dynamical. and meaning. 9. Thisinterfacessometinesreferred as WIM Inomus and pointers 10. Graphic presentation is much mor effective than other presentation spethods 11, Properly use, it reduces the requtement for perceptual and metal Information recoding and reorganization, and also reduces the memory eds, 12, Graphs also can add appeal or charm to the interface ned permit rector customization a eeatea unique corporate or organization se ‘Gear ] Describe the concept of direst manipulation, Taewer] ‘The ile ofinteractin for graphical systems called as dret manipulation ‘otcms that pores the following eharoctersics 1. Theaystem is portrayed as an extension of the real world: 4. Ieisassumed that person isalready familar with the objets and tition ins orherenvizonment of interest. interface: wind, ons, Introduction 1-0 osTsem.7) “The sytem simply rps tema portrays themona diferent fi, Aperson asthe per tagcat and mas there objects, man ‘which are windows. - ive A person allowed to work a familiar environment and in ® RETEST oesing on tho dato ot he aplienton ant ‘The physical organization ofthe syste, which moat often Is ‘Tuan thidden fem view ands ota istration. 2 Continuous visibility of objects and action Like nes desktp, jet are continuous ible Reminiers of action to be permed are alsa obvious, abcd Fitna replacing eomplxeynta and command names fi Canara and mtn crn only ebviwsand ater Acton are rapid anneemetal with visible apa “te ute facts remedial igayed vival the Picante nd oe so ny se vied HTeimpofarevous atone qui scm eisP ea nce 4. Incremental actions are easily reversible: i Finally, actions isovered to be incorrect o not desired can be bpm Graphical System, Characteristics. and the evolution of ‘Questions Answers Tar Anew 9ps aad Medium Anowpe Tp Guonions, ‘GaeTR | What is graphical system 7 Write down its advantages and disadvantages. a= Graphical system design isan approach to designing an entire sytem, using ‘more intuitive graphical software and oF theabelThardware device to refine the design, create intial prototypes and even use forthe few run af eployments. Scanned with CamScanner 1-70 (CST Sem7) Haman Computer Interface Advantages graphical syxtems 1. Symbols recognized faster 2 than text + Research has found that Smeal Evbetrcopiged foster and more accurately than text, and ‘Tenthegeaphcot struts fons such as shape and color, are very eh uik lasing ejet, clement, otextbysnme commen, property. phil, pctoral Frater learning : Research has also found that a 0 Fepresotaton as learing aod symbos ca lo be easily learned, Faster une and problem solving: Visual or spi representation of ‘Monet na foc found tobe easier to eta and manipalate and itera snore suceeva problem sling Symbols have aso eon found effective in conveying simple instratins. Easier remembering: Becusc of geater simplicity, it is csir for ‘onal user to retain operational ones Provides context: Displayed objects are visible, providing a picture of thecurtent conte. ‘More concrete thiking alfrds fewer opportunities for fy ofactions redyeseror rates enase tis alnays ror menage ae lee quently needed Fewer errors: rrr Reversi posnleto undo slat tp. Tnereased feeling of control: The we ietlates actions and els in reer iis ncretscs use condone and hastens water maser Tinmediate feedback: The resltsof ston: arthering se goal can Simmel. Learning x qsickened the response isnot inthe Undine dreson. the rection ean bo changed quik. Disadvantages of graphical systems “4 nconsiatencies in technique and terminology: Mans differaccs logy ak and fel ext among various graphial ‘futon providers, and even among successive version of the same BESR MTnene imvnsstoncies acu Because of copyright and lgal ‘Bonny, rede! diferestistoncoriderations, andour expanding Komedi abt the interface Working domain ithe present: While direct-manipulation ystems avid tontext, they als require te user to workin the “present.” [Not always familiar: Syme representations may not be friar AAUSui os aumbers We hove been exposed to words and numbers or Tong tine, Window manipulation requirements : Window handling and ‘Bunipultian tines are stilleceesve and repetitive. This wastes tine nd interropts the decision making needed to perform tasks and jobs Production limitations: Ths number ef symbols that canbe cleasly fpodueed sng today tehnlogy eet ated Abd of reenable Efmbols muct be produced that sre equally legible and equally ewgizable wing dering techralepes This extremel ical toy Introdetion| Gaei ar ] Describe the characteristics of graphical s7=te=- Taswer | Characteristics of graphical system + 1 Sophisticated virual presentation : Vinat preeentaion athe vival ape othe interfoce fea wat role seen the sree. ‘The sophistiation ofa graph incting Growing and cons Iolo yormitathe plying ofavasity of charactor fonts neti Aieyentioorand styles. ‘Teadlay of 16 millon or mre colors is posible on sme sree ‘Gephite alo pemitanimaton andthe presentation of photoerayh Sind matin eo. sree meaningful interfiee elements visually presented tothe User Ina geopiel apse nll "Windows rinary, secondary dsl xe) Menu men ba, plow, popu, eee) tonto represent eects uch a programs oF files ‘Auted seqoenbnsed controle (eat boxes, lst box siblsStiontone stings srl bar and buttons) Mowse pointe and cursor: si Th cbjctive into refletvrsally on eersen the real world ofthe Seth, meaning imply, and clearly possible, 12 Restricted set interface option parry oaltrntives esl tothe wsris whats presented Rem rckabe maybe rtsored throogh what is prevented on {esreen nothing ess, nothing mor 4 Plekeandlik interaction: lements of a rapa screen upon which some action is to be erformed sit ested Fim etre iether 2 proposed ation ie commonly refered 9 pick, the signal to perform an action as cue. a ‘i Theprimary mechanism fo performing this pick andl is most Biiccsocadnieien Ngee fk, The user moves the moute pointer othe relevant lemeat (i Rocstesage Re + Poitng allows rapid selection and feedback. The hand and mind seem to wrk mothly and eientlyvogetber ical system permite dsplaing ines, b a Scanned with CamScanner 1-96.65, a ” Pe echanim for peefrming thew sole “Te econary me cart Hetaytemareroit ick lek oe pray at ‘dite Kees a well: an Compater I iation: rain coitve proces that alos pt tau sition is sn sail perceive raph raya clit visual, 4 vin i Via infrmation Prensa iia inn mtd for a att depends om yy, Fen fe the dat itorepeadocea realistic graphical img regu mon elvan Saformatog fT tat it rate are i feo Thoin ce Tato proce ta et vision ea fl i anne ncrae oan, Objet orientation per aca nate consis objets ad ations aetna what peptone an eren. Ty are manipulated yg ne nit va beconyrocd fuboets. Forexample, anche may vont document ub object may ben partraph, Objet hen docu Sotenc, weed and eter 6 Use af recognition memory + 1 Contino visit of objets an actions nas more perl rection memory. i Theroutf igh out of mio” problem in 1. Concurrent peeformance of funetions ‘Grphiesytems may do tw a more things atone ine, Muligl eran yeu sinltancnely. When ante isnot bay Friary task, It may process back scone lta ‘When applications are runningas rly separate tasks, the nse nny did the prcesing pertain ais ad allocate porte neoueagen teo trench pieation Data may aio be transferred between programs It may be teraperarlyatoed on a“sliphoard for later transferor be satay vappe between program ‘QueTAR"] Describe the characteristics of intranet versus the internet, eer] (Characteristics of an intranet versus the internet: “The uses of ntanet, being organization employee, kro 1 To venenatis tn ateutare tx prhats, aa its COREE rete are wd year and ators wh ow mc patina and ten are at tien ad eds ean bo much 00 he the genera aternrt. oer. ik te ler at fi, ‘The intranet wen characte teil dete then xn ‘Tank 1 Am intranet fe werd foe an ortaniatl iaingeompleeteannaeions, queries, i The internet ix monly used to find information, with & tiyplementary rl trannactions ‘Type of information Am intranet will cont neanizationl Tanctining Information wiles add or moi {nner irmation, report fon's everyday aetivition, ‘communications detuited information meer fic ‘Te interet wil usualy prem Inorketing anaes een i Amount of faformation : “Typically an intranet ite wl mel ager tan an organi Internet ite amounts of information and procesen neem to be needed ti Whatbenestnated hat an itranet ie canbe ten Lone hundred times ager than correnpnding publi Hardware and software Thomsen platlorm compotiityiaminimied or imine, rong re predialedaign i. Upgrd communications san era ttreont tron froma [Rind les thoumnad nes Fer an typical iternet nec ie. Tiallows thn ofc graphs ani multimedia sercen leet that eotebte to very sw denial tines fort ntereet urs Design philosophy: 1 Implementation on te net of uot tex ed and GUL applications wl present er model smart those that have ‘existed nother domain ae Scanned with CamScanner Atoman Computer Interface 1-11 GICSTESem.7) ‘Thswil ease swing bok tomere tational GUL designs tha Thats Socorprate the isl appeal ofthe Wey bat linings ‘han fits uastese, prometional and distracting features. i Therevsling GUDg brie willbe rcher and much more effective RETA] What are the usability problems in graphical system? ‘Answer Usability problems 1. Ambiguous mens ad ieons 2 Languages that permit only singe spstem {8 Inpstand diet manipulation init, 44 Highlighting apd selection imitations Unclear step sequences 6 sraphical system: Aiection movement through 3 More step to manage the fterfice than to pete tks CComples linkage between and within aplistions. & Inadequate feedback ant confirmation. 8 Lackofeystem anticipation and intelligence 10. Inadequate eror messages hol tutorials and documentation ‘Web User Interface, Popularity, Characteristics, Principles of User Interfoe. Anertetion 1-12G(CSTTSem-7) “The webiea navigation environment where people more Between PAS obetion nat an appeatonensieonment. ‘5 saloon graphically rch enviwament, FeETAE ] Discuss the popularity of web interface: Tower | 1 While the itedtion of he aseriterte the we 12 alone mons of po seatered Are aerate, pls ma be ear Trans uetocont eof the dapay anti pees 4 pects suche tsperaphy ancl Gita devicons made wheter oF 0 haneshaneds or whether to aeept of ese cokes Ione the history of computing has the ser been ive he graphical wee interface revo ha revluunnied compat rect ga to communica sderingat Web pics turned Ste hang sintramenit crt dats {6 Welrusae ha flestd this popularity. The mmber off Isreal eroet hosts 1989, 10,000, 1. tats, hostonine exceed 1,0: a 187, 10000 than, 30,00, To ostzexcedet one milo. nation af the Internet saw even greater expansion ofthe seth 9, ta 1998, lternet trae somite In 1906, ther Deallon connected people wow expanding at @ 341,694 percent annua es nearly 10 lion bests online and ‘Questions-Answers ‘Long Answer Type and Medium Answer Tyjpe Questions ee Gee TAB] Explain web user interface ied 1 biter design sted ofnvzaton sal he prettonst ‘van sit cen ta 2 Prope nea dsig largely inte of propel tla he rts and lmtp sf en, conten and eer Hake Soeur nes Theda gol terry of menu ad pages that el ‘rl claratued con toute eis al are the characteristies of web user interface ? Taewer Characteristics of a web interface: [Ave interface possesses a numberof characteristics, some of which are ilar tom GUI nterfoce and tome ar diferent. 1. GUI versus web page design :GUTand web interface design dohave |. Bachare software designs, they are usd by people, they are interactive, they are heal visual experiences presented through screens, and {hey ar composed of many similar components 1 Thefillowing paragraphs highlight the other most significant diflerences. i Devices: Scanned with CamScanner a Human Computer Interface 2 Printed pages versus web pages 1413G(CSTT-Sem.7, ‘2 Tn GUI design, the characterise of interface devices such ag ‘otitrs and modems are well defined and design variations end tote restricted 1b Monitor display capablties, suchas installed font and seren size, anv established and easly considered thedergn process. & lnveb design, no asromptions about the user's interface devies| canbe made 4 User devices may range from handheld mechanisms to high-end workstations fi User focus: |& GUT systems arw aboot well-defined apliatons and data, about trancactions and processes, 1b Thorough attention mur usually te addresed to tasks ned of completion & Thewebisaboutinfmation and navigation, anenvronnent where people move back and forth in an unstructured way ameng mary posesof information. Web useis most often characterized browsing and visual sanning cf information fad what information is neded iL Data/Taformation: ‘a GUI dataietypiclly reated and used by known and trusted 1b Sources popleinthe wers ganization or epatale and eile companies andorganizations ‘The properties ofthe system data are generally knoe, tnd the information ie typically organized in an understandable and treaningfl fashion. 4. Thewebis fllof unknown content typically placed thereby others lunknowa to the user fe Typicalusers dont ptiaformationen the web ese for pubis theirown pases {Thoreiablity and trthfues of found information canna wars beawertained and trusted. Web content is usally highly variable in organization, and the privacy of the aformation salen suspect tk Research and experince with printed pages theousth these ‘Rinurieshaserented a fndamental and accepted set of idles for cditoralstyle, element presentation, and text organization Many ofthese guidlines, lar comprehensive and consistent, ‘anand are being applied t Web page design. : | | | | | 4 Te MG¢CSATSem-7) Inroducton Web pe design. design of Books, documents, rsteria (A. The eugordferencee between print and web page deem 8° rel dosrted as follows A Pagesize: a Priated pages are ceerally larger than their web counterpart 1h They are ale xen sie, ot variable ke webpages ‘e_The visual impact ofthe prited page is maintained in hard omy form, while onthe weball hat usual exists are snapebots of = ‘Thevisulimpuet ofa web pages ubstantially degraded and the rer may newer ae some parteof the page Because their existence [Soc kpown a eegireserofing to bring int view. Page layout : a. Withthe peated page, layouts precise with much attention given bb Withee lao ismore ofan appeusimaton. being neeatively fnflcnce by deficiencies in design elkits and the characteristics Ufthe wer’ browser and hardare particularly seen sizes fit, Page resolution: a. Today the eslation of iplape pnt characters tillexcreds that eorcen character andsreen reading esti slower than reading from document. 1h Thettimate oa: assreen elation sharp enough to render type Cray enough so that sereen reading tpeed reaches that of newspaper eading ‘Ga ] Describe the principles of user interface. rorever, is different in many aspect from the newspapers, and other silat nae Principles of wer interface design 1. An nterfce mus relly be jst an extension ofa person. 2 This means that the system and its software must reflect a persons ‘apmiitice and respond tohis or ber specific needs 4 Ieshoul busi accomplishing some business cbjetives faster and towel thane previ aed etd er mut be cny and fan owe evoking onsen ‘and accomplishment not tedium and frustration, : 5. Thointerfce itself shouldserve a oth aconnectr anda separator: connector in that ities the wee tothe power othe computer nda Scanned with CamScanner computer Interface 1-186 (CS1T-Sem.7 yma Computer 186.6918 Cette nore pestoloial (a threa toon sl-stcem), GEETAE ] eerie te principle established the foundation fp newer | riacipes established the foundation for graphical interfaces 1 “The itlsion of manipulable objects ae played objets that are selectable and manipulable mast be crested earn enters ede in ne et spiation ele that these objctscanbe sleet, and how select «et {hens ieclerent «ane nos eay lille he reuenen Thane or 4 Sigur pain the border Visual order and viewer focus: ‘a Attention must be drawn, athe proper time tothe important and ‘eleven element ofthe display. 1b Effective visual ontrastbetween various components ofthe sree isvood toaetive the al ‘Animations alio used to craw attention, ass oud, {4 Feoitach must ls be provided to the usr. Since the pointer x eal the forusat viene attention, tis. uefa mechanism for providing ti edback hy ehansing shape. 8. Revealed structure: ‘a The distance between one's intetion and the effect must be nine bb Mostofien the distance between intention and eet is enetbened segs power increases, ‘¢Theeeatonship between intention and effect must be tightened tnd mae ae apparent as posible tothe user. Consistency : Consistency as learning. Consistency ie provided in suchatea arlene hetion, grammar font shapes, ses, and 3225 Selection indieatos and eontast and emphasis techniques. Appropriate effect or emotional impact : | RAR TT BT introduction ‘Tho nterface must provide the appropiatecmationa eet for the prod andite market, G(CSTSem-7) system? Shonld 1b Tsitsconporate profesional and secure busines Init acororate, professional. and ed Itreflet the fantacy, wizardry. and bd puns of omputer 6 Amateh with the medium : ‘a The interface must alo rect the capabilities of the devier om thick wil be dpe 1k Quality of screen images willbe greatly affected by a devier's ‘eoltion andcolrenerston capabilities, Gee TAT | Describe the design goa Answer | Design goal in creating user Interface are 1. Aesthetically pleasing: Provide meaningful contrast between sereen elena Greate groupings Align scree lements and groups. Provide throedimensional representation + Usecola and graphicseffetivelyand simpy. 2 Compatibility: 2 Provide compat wth the llowing ‘a, User compatibility : Design must be appropriate and ‘ompatitlowith the needs ofthe user or cient. Eifective design Stovts wth understanding the users needs and adopting the ‘ans pint of view a Tanke and job compatibility : The orgasization ofa system ‘howl match the tanks person mart doto perform theo. The ftrocure and flow of functions should pert easy transition fetween take «Product compattility:The intended user ofa new system it often the rr of eter systems or earlier versions of the new fystom Habits, expectations, and a level of knowledge have cen established and will be brought tobrar when learning the sew syetom, & Comprehensibility: LAnystom shouldbe understandable, owing in a comprehensible and meaning order, vn Strong clues tothe operation of objets shouldbe presented. ‘The steps to compete a tsk should be obvious, Reading digesting long explanations should never be necessary, ean shee Scanned with CamScanner ‘Hamman Computer Interface oniteney A eee | Cont Snr compunens soul the same action should alwags yield the same resul, The fonction af elements should not change, ii The position of standard elements should not change, Geet AR ] Why web user interface design dificult? ae T difficult bec he tc urice design i also or lel Beenie he main 1 cin information architecture and task How, nether of wyatt pion Iter i hecate ofthe ability fhe wari pep aire thedee tinny deserts (oe wmethng eet estan 4 nmore dea becuse wer aril deine, ad the erty fanatics. 4 Talay th bitin vin efit or onto, a Tlintieapne snaps roth 4 Ling red inerfc design ols lar, reseed se a eric ruabletond lf Seine of erode ede Then, thelial toa Web rabvenytoue il ech tution ‘WeTAO]] Explain the five commandments for designing user Interface. ening user interface: 1 Gain a complete understanding of user and thee tas 1 Thewrare th csntomere, 4 Ta, pone expec eel of desi sophistication fom inven Web te i The proc system oe Website must be geared to people's == tol hn fie repre 2 Soli early and ongoing user involvement = a 4. Involving the usersin design from the beginning provides 8 «ort othe koe they poses at jbo task 28 ‘& Involvement aso allows the developer to confront & PE") reste techongeconton ma ea Miia i 1 Protetyping and testing pred wil qk dent prelems tnd allow srt deveep atin 4 The design proces iscomple and human behavior stil ni well anderson ‘Mody and iterate the design as much ax necessary: Whledesien| will pecced trough series of tages, problems detected none sae ‘may force the developer to revista previo sage Integrate the design of ll the system components The saltvare, the eumeatation tbe lp anton an ts eds areal pant sleeve enor ehate a alrlabedercpe 600 Scanned with CamScanner Design Process Desig Process: Human Interaction with Computers Quertions-Answers ‘Long Answer Type and Medium Answer Type Questions —— "CONTENTS Partt_ + Design Process: Human. 2.26 102-60, Intersetion with Computers Partz. + Importance of Human 2-06 o 2186 Characteristics, Human Consideration Part: Homan Ioteraction Speeds 219 19 2240, Understanding Business Fonsi 21G(C8IT-Sem-7) ‘Guede ] Discuss human computer interaction. Taewer 1 man computer iteration (HCD isthe sty nd Inman ad computer acts 2 HeTaes petty. ety and en Fiman-empuor artes nd si fhsteme ing i rae conte ‘Snnater gaming 4 HClayteme are cays ffetv aera 4h gals of HCL ae to pode sable nd sae eters well ag ‘tonal aston lo oneroprodace computer eptens with eve Sp, developers ean attempt to Pe Dadermand the ators that termine bw role se ecole Develop ts and teeiqusto enable bling autable estes Ache fen fctive, nsf tration in, Patpeopl fiat Geeda | How a person interact with computer. Tawwer When interacting with a computer, a perso 1 Identifies a task tobe performed or need tobe fulfilled: Thetaskmay be very structured, including activites euch as enter ‘tks data fom this form nto the system, answer aspecife question regarding the statasof mn order, or eae the necessary information ‘oma customer to make a reservation. 2 Decides how the task willbe completed or the need fulfilled: 4. Pornstreturedorsemitractred task set of transaction sreens vlteaeiabe. planned desizn of lrtainment to support and fil ied tovarious espe of computer neler processing, fees and Scanned with CamScanner EPL VE PP DM TID Human Computer Interface 2.36 (C81T Sem 9 {i ‘The propertransostonisidentifed andthe relevant screen ven, retrieve. is 4H, Toaatiafya general or vague need wllreuire browsing or search through sereens that might posibly have relevance. ms A Manipulates the computers controls: 4. Toperform the taskor satisfy the need, the keyboard. mouse, ng other similar devies are used to eletehoiees fom lists, chon ‘commands tobe performed, key datainta txt boxes ands forth A. Gathers the necessary data. i. Using structured and semi-structured transaction screens information icllected fom it source form, a coworker, ora customer. 44 Thisinfrmationisidentiedon the seroen, orplcedn the ereen, through contra manipulation, 5 Forms judgments resulting in decisions relevant tothe task or need: 4 Structure transactions will require minimal decision-making. ‘i Has all tho data teen collected and isthe data valid? Has the transaction been successfully accopted by the rystem? If not accepted, why nol? ti. Semistructured trnsactions may rosie decisions suchas: Which set of screens should be use to complete this process? QaeZT] What are the factors that make system dificult to use ? ‘Answer Factors that make system dificult to 1. Use ofjargon: i. Systeme often speak in a strange language. Words that completely alien tothe office or homie environment used in Afferent contexts, such as Blespee abend, segment, and boot, prokferte ii Learning tose aaystem often requires earing a new language + 2 Nonabvious design Complex or novel design elements arent ebvious or intuitive, but they must nevertheless be mastered. 4 Operationsmay have prerequisite conditions that mst be satisfied before they canbe accompliahed, or outemes may not alvays be immediate cinious. or inble i The overall framework of the system may be invisible, withthe fect that results eannot always be related tothe ations that secomplish ther 24G(CSIT Sem) Design Process Fine distinctions: Dillernt ations may accomplish the same hig, depending upon ‘when they are performed, o diferent things maj result frm the (en these dstinetins are minute and dfcalt to heep tock of Critial distinctions are not made atthe appropriate time, oF Aistnctions having no real consequence are made | Design inconsistency: ‘The same action may have diferent names for example, ave" inde," and “Lat” ‘The same command may cause dierent things to happen, The ne result may be dosed diferent: for example, “nt legal” Snot valid” Ortho sae information ay bordered diferetly tndilferent screens. “The result i that system learning becomes an exercise in ote ‘memorization. Meaningful or coneeptual learning becomes very dieu “GaeBA | What are the paychologieal responses to poor design 7 Tnewer Peychologicalrespontes to poor design + 1. Confusion + {Detail overwhelms the perceived structure Meaninafil patterns are diffi to assets, and the conceptual ‘model or underlying framework cannot be understood or talib. 2 Annoyance : {Roadblocks that prevent task being completed, of a need from bring satisfied, prompuly and efficiently leadto annoyance. 4% Inconsictencios indesign, slow emputerresetiontimes,diicuties inquckly finding information, outdated formation, and visual serven distractions area few of the many things that may annoy 8 Frustration : An overabundance of annoyances, an inability to easly convey one's intentions tothe eomputer, of an inability to Finish tank oF tea noed ean eause frustration Frustration is heightoned if an unexpected computer response ‘annot be indore orf what realy took place cannot be determined, {i Inflexte and unforgiving systems are amor source frustration, Scanned with CamScanner EE suman compte nee sinned riers Stra, Pr eg inner te er ico a cra ystems 4 Suevypsemsesa Sm Sector tno Ticate = kl ios bie neil oa tad inesor overyslmptnceeat oe ‘Repune meso 108 GEE at are the phyieal reactions to poor design Toor | paychologial responses freq rently lead to, OF S70 acompanied by, hy fang sia ecetions: “abandonment ofthe xystem aorta i rejected and ther isformatin Sure are eg pon, i. Thestoares mus, foure br availabe andthe ser at Ube dlcrelint perform the rection, : Iieburinesseytems tis common reaction of managerial ang rfesinal personnel ‘ih the web almost all see can exercise this option, je ofthe system 1 only apoction ofthe system capabilities are used, wally tne eens that ae easiest to perform of that provide the mat tenet {i Historically thishas bon the most common user reaction to mat Contr yotems, Many aspects of many systems fen go une, Indirect use ofthe system : 1 Anintermediary placed bettcen the user and the compute. 4. Agno since this requires high status ond discretion, it isapatbet {pple eespones of managers ar others with authority | Modification of the ask: i. Thetarkischanged tomatch the capabilities ofthe system. iL Tisisaprevalnt vation when the tools arerigid andthe pote ‘untried au in scientific problem solving. idence {Asean cramp isthe manual reformatting of afore ‘ache rte eared the comptes | I 2s Misuse ofthe system: 1 Dircet programming Importance of Human Characteristics, Human eeTA | Foplain the important human characterit (cour sem) Long Answer Type and Design Proves “Ticioa reaction common to workers whose discretion is imitedy ‘Nehoseerical personel, “The rule ate beat to shortut operational inti ‘Tis rogires significant knoiledge of the sytem system integrity. dno afect “The spstm ix eprogrammed by its user tomeetepesife needs. ‘hiss types] respune ofthe sophisticated worker Consideration Questions-Anewers Medium Ansorer Type Questions meal Important human charaeteristien are + 1. Perception: Trocetion is our awareness and understanding of the clements rejects ofourenviraamentthroagh the physical sensation of aoe enon nenaes eluding sight sound, sell, also forth. Other perceptual characersticxinclude the following: a. Prosimity : Or eyes and mind see objects as belonging Aogether i hey are ear ach other in spac. bh. Similarity : Our eyes and mind see objects as belonging ether they chare aceon visual property, sachs clo, ‘Sts shape, brightness, or orientation. {& Matching patterns: We re=pond similarly tothe sameshape in diferent sizes. The letters of the alphabet, for example, ostess the same mesning regardless of hysial sz. 1 Soecinetness: We see an ebject ax having some porfect oF Ste tape tect perfection or simpy ner to Scanned with CamScanner “rr Hazan Commuter Interface om ‘Human Compoter Wier “e_ Closure: Our perception i sythet cua Gerstner nue cine ™ Tarra orwoi nese ase he flys Ott fom ed saps no gop reg Continuity: Soren int may be aemat 2 Memory: | a a Visual acuity ory ew oe lata Ne ied te ne ey, | ee eee sh See ‘errr or woring) memry etm | ee ee encod ‘the senses or long term memory, but usually cannot reeeine ‘once, the senses being processed separately. at processing takes place. tin periplasm art catia lea nn i Teeny ents ice pa ee bee etn er ee ee ——— ieee ee eee eee Sensory storage Sensory storage isthe blr where the automatic pacesiog ot infraton alee from ur senses takes pace. Ihsan nosis rece ag tent tthe enc Auick to detect changes, nd constantly being replarl ys sthered things viens Ina ens it acta lke ada, constantly scanning the cries forthing that are important to pason to bigher meor ‘Toe capacity ofthe eye to resale detail called visual eit saaicrtsven oo Soh pone mamma eit aes ea decent atttan foe a neem ce ‘peat tt oa Pec pemnsnun 3 Se iy mene pie i ttre Sarcrertitets anata nda rhage ict omer cme papel anger secretes ce 7 ammeter ste cere nner pnt slo for stention ‘GeTT | Describe the following term with respect to human 1 Information processing: 1 Thelnformation tat our senses collet thts deemed important enough todo something about then has tobe processed in some meaningfl my. 2 ‘Roce hining that here ate tmo level isfomaton rcesing ‘8. Onolevelshehighest evel, is entifed with consciousness and working memory 4 Is limited, slow, and sequential, and is used for reading and understanding Scanned with CamScanner Homan Computer Interface — eat image 2ivOLENIT Sem Design Process tonto this higher level eve Fee andthe limitofits capacity is enters

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