+ Topic-wise coverage of entire syllabus
in Question-Answer form.
+ Short Questions (2 Marks)
Scanned with CamScannerUNIT-1 : INTRODUCTION (1-1G to 1-186)
nition, importance of yood design.
{ history of Screen design. The
opularity of graphics, the concept of
direct manipulation, graphical system, tics, Web user
Interface popularity, characteristics- Principles of user interface.
Importance of user
Benefits of good dl
UNIT-2 : DESIGN PROCESS (2-1 G to 2-246)
Human interaction with computers, importance of human
characteristics, human consideration, Human interaction spee
understanding business junctions. III Screen Designing : Di
goals Screen. .
UNIT-3 : SCREEN DESIGNING (3-1 G to 3-33 G)
Design goals ~ Screen planning and purpose, organizing screen
elements, ordering of screen data and content - screen navigation
nd flow - Visually pleasing composition —amount of information
« "focus and emphasis - presentation information simply and
meaningfully ~ information retrieval on web ~ statistical graphics
Technological consideration in interface design.
UNIT-4 : WINDOWS (4-16 to 4-346)
New and Navigation schemes selection of window, selection of
devices based and screen based controls. Components ~ text and
Multimedia, colors, uses problems,
messages, Icons and increas
choosing colors.
UNIT.5 ; SOFTWARE TOOLS (5-1 G to 5-146)
Specification methods, interface ~ Building Tools. Interaction
Devices - Keyboard and function keys ~ pointing devices speech
recognition digitization and generation ~image and video displays
~ drivers,
SHORT QUESTIONS (SQ-1 G to SQ-18 G)
SOLVED PAPERS (2019-20) (SP-1 G to SP-12 G)
Scanned with CamScanner[Parte Inroducion : Importance of
ther Interfce, Detition
Partt + Importance of Good Design, ~~
epee of Good Desi,
{Baie His of
Screen Dest
The Graphieal Vee
Inertice* Popularity
sl Graphic, The Concent
‘st Direct Manipulation
Graphical 805
Chorcterities
Web Uaee Interfase
Popolaty, Charteris,
Priel of Ur aterfe
Introduction
1:26 (cST-Sem-D Introduction
Tm argent
i PART) ps
Inirodction: Importance wer Interfie Dfition.
Questions-Answers
‘Long Answer Type and Medium Answer Type Questions
CONTENTS
26 00 1-26
126 Wo 146
1G to 1-86
oe H8G 10 I-HI
116 to L186
Gack: | What do you mean by wrer interface ? Define user
interface design. Why user Interface is important ?
Taawer
1. Towser interfaces the prt oa computer andit software that people
can ar, hear, touch talk t,o otherwise understand or direct,
2. Unerinterace derignisasutoe fa feldof ty called human-computer
Human-computer interaction is the tod planning, nd design of how
opie andenmpsters worktogetber so that aperoas needs are satisfied
Pathe most effective way.
4 Ther interne an etal tna component
put: Toput is rea person communicates hisher needs tothe
computer. Some common input components are the Keyboard,
‘mouse, trackball
HL Output Output is tow the computer conveys the results of its
‘computations and requirements tothe user. The moat common
‘iputer watyet mechanic 1s the diplay reon, Solid by
‘mechanisms that tke advantage ofa paras audiaryeapabien
sich an vice and sound,
'5. Proper interface denign il provide a mix of welldesigned input and
output mechaniams that salisty the wer eed, capabilities, and
Timltations inthe most fective way pour
6 Unerintericeimortant menane ft makes easier for target audience
tocearly se the information about particular product.
([Parrz
Importance of Goud Design, Wena of Gad Des A Br
History of Sereen Design. of
Long Answer Type and Medium Answer Type Questions
a
Scanned with CamScanneraman Computer Interface 1-3G(CSITSem-7)
GoeTae| Describe the importance of good design.
newer
Important of good design:
1 Awelllesigned interface and screen's terribly important tour wers,
It istheir window to view the capabilities ofthe system.
2 Iisalao the while rough whieh many erica task are presented
5. These tasks often have a direct impact onan onganzations relations
with tertomers, adits profil.
4 Atercen'slyout and appearance affect person in variety of ways
fa Ie hey aro eonfsing and inefcent, people will have greater
Altcty i doing et jabs and will make mare stakes,
1b Poor design may even chase rome people aay fom a ystew,
permanent.
Teams leat aggravation festration, nd inreased tess
hemes of good design?
Gawd] What are th
“Anawer
“The benefits of good design
1. Serena vers ofthe mated scrocns completed transactions in ese
fioand with ewer errors than thowe wh used the orignal ereens.
2 Reformattnginuiry sereensfllowing good
Secson nakingtine.
4 Redesgns eventually improved the suecs rate,
sverage completion ine
4 The more sucessful andere wale site taskeompletia rates about
(Gopereent higher than thatthe lees sucessful ste.
Training costs are homered because training time is reduced
1 Sopportlinecoste are lowered because fewer assist calls are nocessry
1. Fimlape salisfcton ie nereated because agsravation and frustration
sreredacd
WeeTAT ] Write a short note on history of sercen design.
lesign principles reduced
yd reed the
Taewer
|. The widespread interest inthe application of god design principles
seccens didnot tegin to emerge until the early 1970s, when TBM
‘ntrdced it 0270 cathode rap tbe text-based terminal
14G (CST Sem-7) Introduction
“1870s screw usually consisted of many lds with very eyptc ar
sem unatliible ceptions
Te wa visually cluttered, and often possessed a command Geld that
‘Ghallenged the user to remember what had tbe keyed inti
“4 In960-1981 (alt athe tarnefthe decade guidelines for text-based
item design were Gnally made widely avalale and many screens
‘gam to take ons much leer lttered look through concepts such as
sreuping aod alignment of element.
15. User memory was supported by providing clear and meaningful fed
‘options amt listing omnandon the sereen and enabling them to
‘eaplied thevogh action keys.
6 Messages also became clearer. These sereens wore not
fees however lstrctions apd reminders tothe wert
the secon the form of prompt or completion aids
1. tthe 1980, 1704p sreens were tl beng designed, and many
ill sie im aysters today
|The entry fick! was eupplemented by a multitude of other kinds of
‘onitas neladig list bones, deep-dwn combination boxes xpi boxe
sn 0 Forth
2. lathe 128, knowledge concerning what makes effective sereen desis
‘ontnved expand Croplal wither improving techno, the result
Shrewn greater improvementsin the urer computer sere interac,
‘The Graphical User Interface Popularity of Graphies, The Conerpl
‘of Direct Manipulation.
2
ly etter.
meio
‘estos Answers
Long Answer Type and Medium Answer Type Questions
Geers terface?
=
eee
“with something. ee
2 ees ceeding
S aceemneee!
ere eee
Scene astro
What do you mean by graphical use
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used to perform tasks,
Human Computer faterface
Objet ae alway ve othe ser
‘hey are intracted witha ents independent ofl eer oct
Tropl perform eperton eed ations nlite
The operations ico acening and odie obits by on
selecting, and manipulating, "a
‘Aiea have tnd emit tears
QeeLE | What ie popularity of graphics?
1 Argrapical screen bore scant resemblance to its earlier text-based
colleagues
‘2 Whereas the older text bse sera pesessed a one dimensional graphic
‘Screens astm a thee-dnenana ok
8 Controls appeared trie abv te xreen and move when setivated,
44 Information ould appear and disappear es needed
15 Text could be replaced by graphical images called ions, Tse ions
ould repesent bjt oSetins
{6 Selection field suchas rod tons, check bxes, it boxes, and pletion
oensted with the relia ld teat entry eld.
1. Objects and actions were selected though ue of printing mechani
Increased computer por enables th users ations to be reacted to
‘piel dynamical. and meaning.
9. Thisinterfacessometinesreferred as WIM
Inomus and pointers
10. Graphic presentation is much mor effective than other presentation
spethods
11, Properly use, it reduces the requtement for perceptual and metal
Information recoding and reorganization, and also reduces the memory
eds,
12, Graphs also can add appeal or charm to the interface ned permit
rector customization a eeatea unique corporate or organization se
‘Gear ] Describe the concept of direst manipulation,
Taewer]
‘The ile ofinteractin for graphical systems called as dret manipulation
‘otcms that pores the following eharoctersics
1. Theaystem is portrayed as an extension of the real world:
4. Ieisassumed that person isalready familar with the objets and
tition ins orherenvizonment of interest.
interface: wind, ons,
Introduction
1-0 osTsem.7)
“The sytem simply rps tema portrays themona diferent
fi, Aperson asthe per tagcat and mas there objects, man
‘which are windows. -
ive A person allowed to work a familiar environment and in ®
RETEST oesing on tho dato ot he aplienton ant
‘The physical organization ofthe syste, which moat often Is
‘Tuan thidden fem view ands ota istration.
2 Continuous visibility of objects and action
Like nes desktp, jet are continuous ible
Reminiers of action to be permed are alsa obvious, abcd
Fitna replacing eomplxeynta and command names
fi Canara and mtn crn only ebviwsand ater
Acton are rapid anneemetal with visible apa
“te ute facts remedial igayed vival the
Picante nd oe
so ny se vied
HTeimpofarevous atone qui scm
eisP ea nce
4. Incremental actions are easily reversible:
i Finally, actions isovered to be incorrect o not desired can be
bpm
Graphical System, Characteristics.
and the evolution of
‘Questions Answers
Tar Anew 9ps aad Medium Anowpe Tp Guonions,
‘GaeTR | What is graphical system 7 Write down its advantages
and disadvantages.
a=
Graphical system design isan approach to designing an entire sytem, using
‘more intuitive graphical software and oF theabelThardware device to refine
the design, create intial prototypes and even use forthe few run af
eployments.
Scanned with CamScanner1-70 (CST Sem7)
Haman Computer Interface
Advantages graphical syxtems
1. Symbols recognized faster
2
than text + Research has found that
Smeal Evbetrcopiged foster and more accurately than text, and
‘Tenthegeaphcot struts fons such as shape and color, are very
eh uik lasing ejet, clement, otextbysnme commen,
property.
phil, pctoral
Frater learning : Research has also found that a 0
Fepresotaton as learing aod symbos ca lo be easily learned,
Faster une and problem solving: Visual or spi representation of
‘Monet na foc found tobe easier to eta and manipalate and
itera snore suceeva problem sling Symbols have aso
eon found effective in conveying simple instratins.
Easier remembering: Becusc of geater simplicity, it is csir for
‘onal user to retain operational ones
Provides context: Displayed objects are visible, providing a picture of
thecurtent conte.
‘More concrete thiking alfrds fewer opportunities for
fy ofactions redyeseror rates enase tis alnays
ror menage ae lee quently needed
Fewer errors:
rrr Reversi
posnleto undo slat tp.
Tnereased feeling of control: The we ietlates actions and els in
reer iis ncretscs use condone and hastens water maser
Tinmediate feedback: The resltsof ston: arthering se goal can
Simmel. Learning x qsickened the response isnot inthe
Undine dreson. the rection ean bo changed quik.
Disadvantages of graphical systems
“4
nconsiatencies in technique and terminology: Mans differaccs
logy ak and fel ext among various graphial
‘futon providers, and even among successive version of the same
BESR MTnene imvnsstoncies acu Because of copyright and lgal
‘Bonny, rede! diferestistoncoriderations, andour expanding
Komedi abt the interface
Working domain ithe present: While direct-manipulation ystems
avid tontext, they als require te user to workin the “present.”
[Not always familiar: Syme representations may not be friar
AAUSui os aumbers We hove been exposed to words and numbers or
Tong tine,
Window manipulation requirements : Window handling and
‘Bunipultian tines are stilleceesve and repetitive. This wastes tine
nd interropts the decision making needed to perform tasks and jobs
Production limitations: Ths number ef symbols that canbe cleasly
fpodueed sng today tehnlogy eet ated Abd of reenable
Efmbols muct be produced that sre equally legible and equally
ewgizable wing dering techralepes This extremel ical toy
Introdetion|
Gaei ar ] Describe the characteristics of graphical s7=te=-
Taswer |
Characteristics of graphical system +
1 Sophisticated virual presentation :
Vinat preeentaion athe vival ape othe interfoce fea wat
role seen the sree.
‘The sophistiation ofa graph
incting Growing and cons
Iolo yormitathe plying ofavasity of charactor fonts neti
Aieyentioorand styles.
‘Teadlay of 16 millon or mre colors is posible on sme sree
‘Gephite alo pemitanimaton andthe presentation of photoerayh
Sind matin eo.
sree meaningful interfiee elements visually presented tothe User
Ina geopiel apse nll
"Windows rinary, secondary dsl xe)
Menu men ba, plow, popu, eee)
tonto represent eects uch a programs oF files
‘Auted seqoenbnsed controle (eat boxes, lst box
siblsStiontone stings srl bar and buttons)
Mowse pointe and cursor:
si Th cbjctive into refletvrsally on eersen the real world ofthe
Seth, meaning imply, and clearly possible,
12 Restricted set interface option
parry oaltrntives esl tothe wsris whats presented
Rem rckabe maybe rtsored throogh what is prevented on
{esreen nothing ess, nothing mor
4 Plekeandlik interaction:
lements of a rapa screen upon which some action is to be
erformed sit ested
Fim etre iether
2 proposed ation ie commonly refered 9 pick, the signal to
perform an action as cue. a
‘i Theprimary mechanism fo performing this pick andl is most
Biiccsocadnieien Ngee
fk, The user moves the moute pointer othe relevant lemeat (i
Rocstesage Re
+ Poitng allows rapid selection and feedback. The hand and mind
seem to wrk mothly and eientlyvogetber
ical system permite dsplaing ines,
b
a
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a ”
Pe echanim for peefrming thew sole
“Te econary me
cart Hetaytemareroit ick lek oe pray
at
‘dite Kees a well:
an Compater I
iation:
rain coitve proces that alos pt tau
sition is sn
sail perceive
raph raya clit visual,
4 vin
i Via
infrmation
Prensa iia
inn mtd for a att depends om yy,
Fen fe the dat
itorepeadocea realistic graphical img
regu mon elvan Saformatog
fT tat it
rate are i
feo Thoin ce
Tato proce ta
et vision ea fl
i anne ncrae oan,
Objet orientation
per aca nate consis objets ad ations
aetna what peptone an eren. Ty are manipulated yg
ne nit
va beconyrocd fuboets. Forexample, anche may
vont document ub object may ben partraph,
Objet
hen docu
Sotenc, weed and eter
6 Use af recognition memory +
1 Contino visit of objets an actions
nas more perl rection memory.
i Theroutf igh out of mio” problem in
1. Concurrent peeformance of funetions
‘Grphiesytems may do tw a more things atone ine, Muligl
eran yeu sinltancnely. When ante isnot bay
Friary task, It may process back scone
lta
‘When applications are runningas rly separate tasks, the nse
nny did the prcesing pertain ais ad allocate porte
neoueagen teo
trench pieation
Data may aio be transferred between programs It may be
teraperarlyatoed on a“sliphoard for later transferor be
satay vappe between program
‘QueTAR"] Describe the characteristics of intranet versus the
internet,
eer]
(Characteristics of an intranet versus the internet:
“The uses of ntanet, being organization employee, kro 1
To venenatis tn ateutare tx prhats, aa its COREE
rete are wd year and ators wh ow mc
patina and ten are at
tien ad eds ean bo much 00
he the genera aternrt. oer.
ik te
ler at
fi, ‘The intranet wen characte
teil dete then xn
‘Tank
1 Am intranet fe werd foe an ortaniatl
iaingeompleeteannaeions, queries,
i The internet ix monly used to find information, with &
tiyplementary rl trannactions
‘Type of information
Am intranet will cont
neanizationl Tanctining
Information wiles add or moi
{nner
irmation, report
fon's everyday aetivition,
‘communications
detuited information meer
fic ‘Te interet wil usualy prem
Inorketing anaes een i
Amount of faformation :
“Typically an intranet ite wl mel ager tan an organi
Internet ite
amounts of information and procesen neem to be needed
ti Whatbenestnated hat an itranet ie canbe ten Lone hundred
times ager than correnpnding publi
Hardware and software
Thomsen platlorm compotiityiaminimied or imine,
rong re predialedaign
i. Upgrd communications san era ttreont tron froma
[Rind les thoumnad nes Fer an typical iternet nec
ie. Tiallows thn ofc graphs ani multimedia sercen leet
that eotebte to very sw denial tines fort ntereet urs
Design philosophy:
1 Implementation on te net of uot tex ed and GUL
applications wl present er model smart those that have
‘existed nother domain ae
Scanned with CamScannerAtoman Computer Interface 1-11 GICSTESem.7)
‘Thswil ease swing bok tomere tational GUL designs tha
Thats Socorprate the isl appeal ofthe Wey bat linings
‘han fits uastese, prometional and distracting features.
i Therevsling GUDg brie willbe rcher and much more effective
RETA] What are the usability problems in graphical system?
‘Answer
Usability problems
1. Ambiguous mens ad ieons
2 Languages that permit only singe
spstem
{8 Inpstand diet manipulation init,
44 Highlighting apd selection imitations
Unclear step sequences
6
sraphical system:
Aiection movement through 3
More step to manage the fterfice than to pete tks
CComples linkage between and within aplistions.
& Inadequate feedback ant confirmation.
8 Lackofeystem anticipation and intelligence
10. Inadequate eror messages hol tutorials and documentation
‘Web User Interface, Popularity, Characteristics, Principles of User
Interfoe.
Anertetion
1-12G(CSTTSem-7)
“The webiea navigation environment where people more Between PAS
obetion nat an appeatonensieonment.
‘5 saloon graphically rch enviwament,
FeETAE ] Discuss the popularity of web interface:
Tower |
1 While the itedtion of
he aseriterte the we
12 alone mons of po seatered
Are aerate, pls ma be ear
Trans uetocont eof the dapay anti
pees
4 pects suche tsperaphy ancl
Gita devicons made wheter oF 0
haneshaneds or whether to aeept of ese cokes
Ione the history of computing has the ser been ive
he graphical wee interface revo
ha revluunnied compat
rect ga to communica
sderingat Web
pics turned
Ste hang
sintramenit crt dats
{6 Welrusae ha flestd this popularity. The mmber off
Isreal
eroet hosts
1989, 10,000,
1. tats, hostonine exceed 1,0: a 187, 10000
than, 30,00, To ostzexcedet one milo.
nation af the Internet saw even greater expansion ofthe
seth
9, ta 1998, lternet trae
somite In 1906, ther
Deallon connected people
wow expanding at @ 341,694 percent annua
es nearly 10 lion bests online and
‘Questions-Answers
‘Long Answer Type and Medium Answer Tyjpe Questions
ee
Gee TAB] Explain web user interface
ied
1 biter design sted ofnvzaton sal he prettonst
‘van sit cen ta
2 Prope nea dsig largely inte of propel tla he
rts and lmtp sf en, conten and eer Hake
Soeur nes
Theda gol terry of menu ad pages that el
‘rl claratued con toute eis al
are the characteristies of web user interface ?
Taewer
Characteristics of a web interface:
[Ave interface possesses a numberof characteristics, some of which are
ilar tom GUI nterfoce and tome ar diferent.
1. GUI versus web page design :GUTand web interface design dohave
|. Bachare software designs, they are usd by people, they are interactive,
they are heal visual experiences presented through screens, and
{hey ar composed of many similar components
1 Thefillowing paragraphs highlight the other most significant diflerences.
i Devices:
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