The Energy Management According to

ISO 50001:2011 Standard and AEMAS Scheme

Feasibly Implement in Viet Nam
Huy Anh QUYEN Tan Thanh Tung LE
Faculty of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Faculty of Electrical & Electronics Engineering
University of Technical Education Ho Chi Minh City University of Technical Education Ho Chi Minh City
Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
anhqh@hcmute.edu.vn letanthanhtung@ieee.org

Abstract — This paper presents the model of energy management II. ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM MODEL
standard ISO 50001:2011 and the upgraded version of its model –
AEMAS. The application of the sustainable energy management A. Abbreviations and Acronyms
model helps increasing the efficiency in energy management ACE ASEAN Center for Energy
aimed at reducing production energy costs and improves a
competitiveness of products. The paper also analyzes the current AEMAS ASEAN Energy Management Scheme
status of implementation of energy management, the advantage
and disadvantage to implementing ISO 50001 and AEMAS model EAC Energy Accounting Center
in the Viet Nam present economics context. Research results EMC Energy Management Committee
show the suitability that the model can be deployed immediately
and proposed the roadmap of 10 years to deploy the ISO 50001 EMGS Energy Management Gold Standard
standards and the AEMAS as mass.
EnMS Energy Management System
Energy management; energy policy; energy planning; energy EEI Energy Performance Indicator
center, energy target.
PDCA Plan-Do-Check-Act continual improvement
I. INTRODUCTION
EUREM European Energy Manager
At present, energy is the global issue and each country must
be proactive on the energy demand of their own country. VNEEP National Energy Efficiency Programme
Beside of developing the new energy resource, need to review
the status of energy use in each unit thus to make the logical B. Energy Management System Model
and efficient energy policies. The energy management system – EnMS is a continuous
In 2011, The International Standard Organization published improvement process by PDCA circle. The energy
the ISO 50001:2011 to give a common standard for energy management model requires to build up the energy policy and
management issues. The European Commission also developed energy planning in clearly and specifically. The energy
an upgraded version of the ISO 50001 standard called Energy planning must be drawn up inputs, outputs and define energy
Management Gold Standard (EMGS). This standard is being conservation potentials to improve the efficiency of the system.
transferred to Asian countries through the ASEAN Center for The energy management system model also requires to make
Energy (ACE) with the name ASEAN Energy Management the internal audit of EnMS by monitoring, measurement and
Scheme (AEMAS). analysis.
With the trend of the world, the Government of Viet Nam Figure 1 shows the energy management model by ISO
urged companies, organizations to implementing of energy 50001:2011 standard. During the checking process, need to
conservation. Accordingly, they are obliged to implement the find out the nonconformities, correction, corrective and
Law on energy conservation and efficient use, the decrees and preventive actions in the sustainable energy management
other relevant requirements [1] to have the more energy system. All stages of the energy management process should be
effective solutions. The government issued the list of major reviewed, inspected and made the timely necessary
energy units. Simultaneously, they are also encouraged to improvements.
apply the energy management policies based on the ISO 50001
standard and the AEMAS scheme.

978-1-4673-4584-2/12/$31.00 ©2012 IEEE 289 IPEC 2012

 Continual Figure 2 shows costs in the sustainable energy
Energy policy management, the waste energy is shifted completely from the
improvement positive region to the negative region. After successful
implementation of the energy management system, it will
decrease costs and the reduction will be improved as more
Energy planning when new technologies are applied to the energy system.
Developing the sustainable energy management system
Management goes through four steps:
review
Implementation and Step 1: Preliminary evaluation of current energy use by the
operation energy management matrix.
Step 2: Preparing for the organization includes issuing the
energy policy, forming the Energy Management Committee,
setting up energy management components and training of
awareness for all people at the units.
Checking
Internal audit of the Step 3: Implementing energy saving solutions. To do this
work need auditing energy, planning and issuing the energy
EnMS
target, forming the sustainable improvement team and
conducting the technical training.
Step 4: By the mechanism of certification, integrated the
sustainable energy management system to other management
Nonconformities, Monitoring, systems such as ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 for implementation
correction, corrective measurement and of sustainable management.
and preventive action analysis A. Preliminary evaluation of current energy use
The proposed tool for evaluation is energy management
Figure 1. Energy management system model follows ISO 50001:2011 standard matrix including six criteria: policy and systems, organization,
motivation, information systems, training and awareness,
III. SUSTAINABLE ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM investment. Corresponding to each criterion will have five
The main objective of the ISO 50001 and AEMAS scheme levels to assess. After reviewing the energy management
is towards build up the sustainable energy management system matrix, the form that reflects actual energy management at the
and this is reflected in the property of the continuous units will be chosen. The prevalent form consists of low
improvement. balance, high balance, U-shaped, N-shaped, trough, peak,
unbalanced. Depending on the difference of these forms, it will
For an unsustainable energy management system, the waste
indicate strengths and weaknesses of energy management at the
energy swing to a period. Since the companies have not applied
units.
any energy policy, the waste energy is located in the positive
region. When applying one or more energy policies, this waste B. Method of build-up the energy management system
is shifted to the negative region. However, over time that isn’t This is the most important part of implementing of the
maintained or the maintenance no longer provide effective, the sustainable energy management system. The first work to be
waste energy return back to the positive region and it continues done is published the energy policy and established the Energy
in cycle. Management Committee. The establishment of energy policy
requires the commitment and support of the unit’s leadership.
The Energy Management Committee (EMC), after being
appointed, will be the center point of the entire implementation
plan of energy management at the units.
EMC should have sufficient professional ability to be able
to evaluate the efficiency of the energy management at the
units, analyze the strengths or weaknesses, prepare the plan,
orient, prepare the organization, and organize the
implementation, monitoring and reviewing of energy policy.
Depending on the size, properties and conditions of each
Figure 2. The costing graph of the sustainable energy management system section, EMC need to determine the size of its units and
distribute the Energy Accounting Center (EAC). Each EAC

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will audit the Energy Efficiency Index (EEI) which EACs
under their responsibility.
EEI is the basic for setting out the target plan of energy
management. EEI is determined by the following formula
ா௡௘௥௚௬௜௡௣௨௧
‫ ܫܧܧ‬ൌ 
ா௟௘௠௘௡௧௦௥௘௟௔௧௘ௗ௧௢௘௡௘௥௚௬௖௢௠௣௢௡௘௡௧
Depending on properties of each EAC that selects the
proper unit for each EEI. For example, in hospitals, often
choose the unit as kW/bed, while in office building can be
selected as kW/݉ଶ .
trend makes the subjective of achieving very easy or
extremely difficult.
x Based on the external information such as the nearest
EEI target of the same business that is being
implemented. This method is called benchmarking.
Currently, the United Nations Industrial Development
 (1)
Organization (UNIDO) has established EEI
benchmarking for global industries. Vietnam may refer
to this data to set a target for own units.

TABLE 1. THE CONVERSION FACTOR BY FUELS

Conversion Factor
Fuel
MJ TOE
Natural gas (SFC) 1.04 0.0000248400

LPG (lit) 26.62 0.0006358078

Kerosene (lit) 34.53 0.0008247349

Figure 3. How to select a energy target by BENCHMARKING
Diesel (lit) 36.42 0.0008698768
Figure 3 shows that the current EEI of units is 425, while
Petrol (lit) 39.77 0.0009498901 the EEI range between the lowest and highest is 350 and 450
Electricity (kWh) 3.60 0.0000859845 respectively. The average EEI, 400, is the closest target to the
current EEI of units thus the target should be set out to 400
Peat (kg) 10.88 0.0002598643 from current EEI 425.
Fossil coal (kg) 28.88 0.0006897869
TABLE 2. OVERVIEW OF RANGES FOR AVERAGE ENERGY USE AND
Source: AEMAS 2011 ENERGY BENCHMARK DATA IN SOME TYPICAL FIELDS
When the energy input of many kinds, it is homogenized in
Energy Efficiency Indicator
the same unit as MJ or TOE. Especially for electricity,
EEI
depending on the location that the conversion factor is different Sectors EEI Units Group Group
AVG Bench
based on the performance of the local power plant that is A B
mark
different. Table 1 shows conversion factors for energy into the Petroleum
same unit as MJ or TOE [3].
Chemical and
By establishing, the EEI of each EAC allows to determine petrochemical 12.6- 17.1-
‫ܬܩ‬Ȁ‫ܥܸܪݐ‬ 16.9 12.5
the EEI over time (seasonal), the relationship between the EEI (High value 18.3 18.3
chemical)
and the production output, the lowest EEI, average EEI, and the
best EEI to make predictions for the future energy Non-metallic minerals
management. 109- 92-
Cement ܹ݄݇Ȁ‫ݐ݊݁݉݁ܿݐ‬ 109 88
134 121
EMC also sets up the guidance and tool-kit system for Brick making
‫ܬܯ‬
1.5- 3
0.75-
- 1.5
energy management, including processing mappings, work Ȁ݂݇݃݅‫݇ܿ݅ݎܾ݀݁ݎ‬ 11
instructions, log sheets, calculation sheets and operation ‫ܬܩ‬ 4.2- 4.4-
Sanitaryware - 4.2
guideline. In the processing mapping must be identified sources Ȁ‫݁ݎܽݓݕݎܽݐ݅݊ܽݏݐ‬ 11.3 20
that consume the energy. EMC ability to preliminary Food and beverages
appraising of investment projects which are proposed by EACs. Brewery ‫ܬܯ‬Ȁ݄݈ - - 229 156
Training and developing the human resource or systematizing
ܹ݄݇ 3.1-
of documents is also required for EMC. Fluid milk
Ȁ‫ݐ‬ኸ݊‫ݐ‬Ǥ ‫݄݌‬ኺ݉ 6.5
- - 0.3

C. Planning for energy target Foundries

Planning for energy target requires an understanding of the ܹ݄݇ 525-
Cast steel 735 - -
units’ system. The plan for energy targets can be determined Ȁ‫ݐ݈݈݁݉݁݁ݐݏݐ‬ 715
440-
through three common trends: Cast aluminium ܹ݄݇Ȁ‫ݐ݈݈݁݉ܣݐ‬
590
590 - -
x Determine an energy target without criteria, the Source: UNIDO 2010
objective does simply satisfy to improve the EEI. This

291
 Table 2 shows the EEIs in some typical fields at the
industrialized countries (group A) and the developing countries
(group B) [4]. This table also gives out the EEI benchmark for
implementation. For the modern existing technologies, the EEI
is much lower. Therefore, it is possible to change the old
obsolete technology by current technology to achieve this EEI
benchmark.
x Determine the energy target based on the internal
historical datum. The relationship between the energy
input and output is presented by the following formula:
‫ ܧ‬ൌ݉ൈܲ൅‫ܥ‬
Where: E is actual energy consumption; P is output; m is
energy performance; C is fixed energy of the system.
The relation to energy by output is based on the
interpolation of history energy datum and its output. The
energy target is set out by two ways: based on the reduction of
the energy performance m and/or the reduction of the fixed
energy of the system C.
After implementing the energy management, it is necessary
to measure and validate that development activities are proper
and appropriate or not. The measurement and certification in
order to clarify the energy data that was reduced after
deployment of sustainable energy management. The units
should prove to be the total energy was reduced by the
following formula:
ο ൌ  ଵ െ  ଶ  േ ɂ (3)
Where: ο is the reduction energy after implementing of
sustainable energy management; ଵ is the energy consumption
at the base year; ଶ is the energy consumption at the year of
implementation of sustainable energy management; ɂ is the
modification to help parameters go back to the same
conditions.
The measurement is done by one of the following ways:
x Local measurement and certification: This requires the
measurement must be divided into many small areas
and too detailed.
x Area measurement and certification: This helps
minimize the number of measurements. However, it
has not evaluated the interaction of energy saving
solution.
x Overall measurement and certification: This requires
the scale of the measurement performed on all units to
help evaluate the correlation between energy
management solutions.
x Modeling measurement and certification: This is the
most complex method, required that the system must
have high automation and expensive cost. However, it
gives the exactly energy that is saved.
D. System intergrated
ISO 50001:2011 system is fully compatible with existing
management systems like ISO 9000:2005, ISO 9001:2008, ISO
14001:2004, and ISO 22000:2005. The final step of the
implementation of energy management is completely
integrated into the business operation of the units. The
integration should not affect to the normal operation. The
working procedure of EAC must be integrated with procedures,
so that the implement of energy management will be success
and sustainable.
(2) IV. FEASIBILITY OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ENERGY
MANAGEMENT IN VIETNAM
AEMAS scheme is inherited from EUREM program and
ISO 50001 standard is composed based on this framework.
Therefore, when making the feasibility study of implementing
ISO 50001 and AEMAS scheme, it is necessary to find out the
legal framework and current status of the pilot in Vietnam.
Besides, the need of considering advantages and disadvantages
on implementation of ISO 50001 and AEMAS model in the
Vietnam present economy context, propose the roadmap for
implementation on this system.
A. An overview on inplementation of energy management in
Vietnam
After the building code on energy efficiency use in building
QCXDVN 09:2005, law on energy conservation and efficient
use was issued in 2011, the issue of energy efficiency and
management are interested in the industrialized stage of
economy. In the tasks of the National Energy Efficiency
Programme, the implementation of energy efficiency
management is one of the key tasks [9].
The preparation for implementation of energy management
in Vietnam according to ISO 50001 is being raised by finance
project of organizations under United Nations. In preparation
for the competence of personnel, in the project “promoting
industrial energy efficiency through system optimization and
energy management standards” by Ministry of Industry and
Commerce cooperation with the Global Environment Fund
(GEF) and the United Nations Industrial Development
Organization (UNIDO) which is expected to train 10 local
specialists to transfer the ability of energy management for
businesses. At the same time, this pilot project also trains 40
engineers and 150 managers on the system optimization and
preparation on feasibility study for loan to improve the existing
system [5]. The European Commission sponsors to transfer the
AEMAS scheme for 10 ASEAN countries through the Asian
Centre of Energy (ACE). ACE is trying to promote the
Government of Vietnam to approve and recognize the energy
management ISO 50001 standard in the Vietnamese standard
system.
In 2011, the Government approved the list of major
industrial energy units with nearly 1,200 units including
cement, construction material production, engineering,
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buildings and transportation companies…. [1]. Accordingly,
these units must take the lead in implementing actions under
the law on energy conservation and efficient use.
According to the statistics of VNEEP, the energy efficiency
from exploitation to final use in Vietnam is only 32%.
According to these survey results, the cement industry and
agriculture have the highest potential saving with 50%, the
ceramic industry is 35%, the textile industry is 35%,
commercial buildings and coal-fired power plant is 25% [7].
With these data, the application of sustainable energy
management scheme is the basic step to implement before
other actions to decrease energy consumption at the units.
B. The disadvantages
Currently, the energy management tool-kits in the units are
still incoherent and unclearly organized, unspecific and
unmethodical. When applying the energy management scheme,
what makes the units confused that they do not know where to
start for energy management. The new unit is very easy to
implement of energy management while the older existing
units have the strength on energy efficiency solutions.
In addition, the application of ISO 50001 and AEMAS
scheme are really implementary when having the supports by
both the leader and users at the unit. Some units are reluctant to
implement the energy management because they are afraid to
pay for a large initial investment to change in technology or the
implementation will affect to the normal business operation at
unit. In fact that, with the internal solution as awareness and
habit changes that can save energy.
The difficulties in the early implementation in Vietnam are
the number as well as the ability of energy manager and
auditor. The major units need employ the energy manager at
their units and the number of auditors are also large,
respectively. The energy managers and auditors should be
trained methodically of management skills and energy
technologies.
As well as the implementation of the ISO 9001:2008 and
ISO 14001:2004 in Vietnam, it is focused in the beginning and
seems to be the target on constructing their trademark. The
successful implementation of energy management is not a
destination, the unit must continually improve follow PDCA
framework and this requires the manager to maintain the
supporting or monitoring.
C. The Advantages
The ISO 50001 and AEMAS scheme brings many
opportunities for developing countries like Vietnam. The
energy management scheme shows out that can reduce the
energy consumption by the internal actions, which may not
need the initial investment to change the current technologies.
The application of energy management helps improve the
direct cost of units thus enhance the competitiveness of product
in the times of fuel price increment. This is also the opportunity
293
for units to change the current backward technology and take
advantage of investment through CDM or VESCO mechanism.
Besides the direct benefits from the reduction of fuel costs, the
unit can also earn profits by selling their CDM certificates.
With the experience from EUREM programme and
AEMAS programme on implementation in neighbour
countries, along with the support from the European
Commission and other international organizations, joint
venture companies or foreign companies are proactive to
receive the transmission from the mother abroad company.
The ISO 9001 standard has achieved the success with more
than 6,000 units is certified in Vietnam [10], the next is ISO
14001. Due to its compatibility with the ISO system so ISO
50001 should be integrated at the units which has successfully
implemented the ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 in Vietnam.
D. The roadmap to implement the energy management
At present, the ISO 50001 standard has been piloted
successfully in many countries such as Canada, India, Ireland,
England, France, Italy, Germany, Greece, Korea, Japan,
Thailand, Hong Kong, Sri Lanka. For the successful
implementation of the ISO 50001 standard and AEMAS
scheme in breadth and depth in Vietnam, the article proposed 3
stages:
The first stage: This stage is for preparation on human
resource, expected to implement in the first 2 years include
implementing of training the human resource and
propagandizing on the benefits of adopting the ISO 50001
standard and AEMAS scheme. The human resource includes
trainers, energy managers and technology specialists. For
trainers, it need to master the knowledge of energy technology
and management thus to be the core personnel to train the
energy managers at the major units. The energy manager is an
active role in experimental application at the major units. The
energy manager will be the most practical experience on how
to implement this scheme in Vietnam. The technology
specialists should be trained methodically in energy and saving
skills. The technology specialist will assist the energy manager
to solve the specific problem at units.
Also during this stage, the AEMAS Vietnam Council needs
to build the AEMAS regional centers to specify the
development activities and qualified support or certified to
units in this region. Proposed to construct six AEMAS regional
centers, which is suitable with the planning of major units
across the country.
The second stage: The experiment stage is expected to
implement within 5 years including the experimental
implement at the major units in Vietnam. After 5 years, the
major units need be required from 50% to 80% of the list to the
one star EMGS. The requirement to achieve the one start
EMGS to create the engrossment and binding to strive for two
star EMGS in the next 2 years or three star EMGS within 4
years.
 The third stage: The large-scale implement stage is
expected in 3 years including to support the units complete
with the two stars EMGS and three stars EMGS, implement on
the large-scale at the units outside of the list. Proposed the
target with 50% major units under the list achieved three star
EMGS and 30% other major units reached two star EMGS.
Encourage all types of organizations involved in implementing
the ISO 50001 and AEMAS scheme, priority support the units
who achieved one star EMGS to create the engrossment and
binding to continue to pursue the goal of energy management.
V. CONCLUSION
The adoption of energy management accords ISO 50001
standard and AEMAS scheme that helps reduce the energy
consumption thereby improving the competitiveness of the
products.
Energy management in a sustainable manner is the first
solution to be implemented before the start of other solution to
increase the energy efficiency for manufacturing. The
implemental action will also help to identify the opportunities
in energy saving at units.
In Vietnam industrial context in the near future, the
implementation of AEMES scheme is feasible and necessary.
During initial stage, it will certainly have difficulties in
personnel ability, human resource and experience. However,
with the strong support of the Government on policies and
mechanisms, with international support from the present and
294
future, this is the best opportunity to help Vietnam to
implement the energy management at each unit.
To implement the energy management at each unit, there
should be 10 years roadmap with three specific stages: the
preparation and training stage, the pilot stage at the major
energy unit and the transfer stage on a large scale. Currently,
AEMAS scheme is being experimentalized in the cement
industry, textile and commercial service building.
REFERENCES
[1] Decision No.1294/QĐ-TTg, Decision to promulgate the list of the major
energy users 2011, 08/2011.
[2] ISO, ISO 50001 – Energy management systems – Requirements with
guidance for use, 06/2011.
[3] AEMAS, Training materials for energy management programme,
12/2011.
[4] UNIDO, Global Industrial Energy Efficiency Benchmarking – An
Energy Policy Tool Working Paper, 11/2010.
[5] To Minh, Adding Vietnam’s efforts on promoting energy efficiency in
industry, Industrial Magazine, 06/2011.
[6] Energy Conservation Center of HCMC, Training materials for power
saving in manufacturing, 2011.
[7] RCEE-NIRAS, Workshop materials for energy saving solutions for
textile companies, 09/2011.
[8] CIBSE, guide F: Energy Efficiency in Building, 2004.
[9] Decision No.79/2006/QĐ-TTg, Approval decision for the national
energy efficiency programme in stage 2006-2015, 04/2006.
[10] Tra My, More than 6.000 enterprises have adopted the ISO 90001, New
Hanoi Newspaper, 01/2010.