IMAGE PROCESSING

Image Processing (IP) is a computer technology applied to images

that help us process, analyse and extract useful information from
them.

METHODS:
Primarily, there are two methods for image processing:

1. Analogue:

The analogue IP method is applied to hard copies like scanned photos

and printouts, and the outputs here are usually images.

2. Digital image processing:

The Digital IP is used in manipulating digital images by using

computers; the outputs here are usually information connected with
that image, such as data on features, characteristics, bounding boxes,
or masks.

Working of Machine Learning Image

Processing:
ML algorithms need a considerable amount of high-quality data to learn and
predict highly accurate results. Hence, we'll have to make sure the images
are well processed, annotated, and generic for ML image processing. This is
where Computer Vision (CV) comes into the picture. Using CV, we can
process, load, transform and manipulate images for building an ideal
dataset for the machine learning algorithm.

For example, say we want to build an algorithm that will predict if a given
image has a dog or a cat. For this, we'll need to collect images of dogs and
cats and pre-process them using CV. The pre-processing steps include:
  Converting all the images into the same format.
 Cropping the unnecessary regions on images.
 Transforming them into numbers for algorithms to learn from them
(array of numbers).

Computers see an input image as an array of pixels, and it depends on the

image resolution. Based on the image resolution, it will see height * width *
dimension. E.g., An image of a 6 x 6 x 3 array of a matrix of RGB (3 refers to
RGB values) and an image of a 4 x 4 x 1 array of a matrix of the grayscale
image.

These features (data that's processed) are then used in the next phase: to
choose and build a machine-learning algorithm to classify unknown feature
vectors given an extensive database of feature vectors whose classifications
are known. 

Programming Language use for ML:

Python is one of the most popular programming languages that's heavily
used by developers/practitioners for Machine Learning.

Applications:
 Medical Imaging / Visualization
 Law Enforcement & Security
 Self-Driving Technology
 Gaming
 Image Restoration & Sharpening
 Pattern Recognition
 Image Retrieval