Nervous System Dysfunction

Anatomy and Physiology Laboratory

Name: Mallare, Jose Luisito P. Section: NAK

Objective of the task: This activity aims the learner to be familiar with the common nervous
system disorders. Also, for the learners to recognize the pathophysiology of the disease,
identifying what leads to the disorder and which part of the nervous system is affected.

Instructions: The table below enumerates some nervous system disorders. Research on the
definition and pathophysiology of each disorder. Based on your research, complete the table.
Make your answers brief but concise.

Nervous System Disorder Definition Pathophysiology

(make sure that you are able to identify
which part of the nervous system is
affected and to how is it affected)

1. Multiple Sclerosis
It’s a lifelong It can affect the spinal cord and the
condition that can brain (central nervous system). In MS,
sometimes cause the immune system attacks the
serious disability, protective sheath (myelin) that covers
although it can nerve fibers and causes
occasionally be mild. communication problems between
your brain and the rest of your body.

2. Parkinson’s Disease Parkinson’s disease Parkinson’s disease is a disorder of

affects the nerve cells the central nervous system, which
in the brain that includes the brain and the spinal cord,
produce dopamine. and control everything you do,
Parkinson’s disease including moving. A person with
symptoms include Parkinson’s disease gradually loses
muscle rigidity, the ability to totally control all body
tremors, and changes movements
in speech and gait.
After diagnosis,
treatments can help
relieve symptoms, but
there is no cure.
3. Myasthenia Gravis It’s a chronic Affects the voluntary muscles of the
autoimmune disorder body especially those that controls the
in which antibodies eyes, mouth, throat, and limbs.
destroys the Basically, it affects the Peripheral
communication Nervous System.
between nerves and
muscle, resulting in
weakness of the
skeletal muscle.

4. Amyotrophic Lateral It is
Sclerosis a neurodegenerative 
neuromuscular
disease that results in
the progressive loss
of motor neurons that
control voluntary
muscles.

5. Alzheimer’s Disease It is a progressive

neurologic disorder
that causes the brain
to shrink (atrophy)
and brain cells to die.
This type of brain
disorder causes
problems with
memory, thinking and
behavior. This is a
gradually progressive
condition.

6. Bell’s Palsy A condition that

causes temporary
weakness or paralysis
of the muscles in the
face. It causes
paralysis on one side
of the face, drooping
face, headache, loss
of taste, increased
sensitivity to sound,
dry eye and dry mouth

7. Guillain Barre It is a rapid-

Syndrome onset muscle
weakness caused by
 the immune
system damaging
the peripheral nervous
system. Typically,
both sides of the body
are involved, and the
initial symptoms are
changes in sensation
or pain often in the
back along with
muscle weakness,
beginning in the feet
and hands, often
spreading to the arms
and upper body.

8. Encephalitis An inflammation of
the brain usually
caused due to viral
infection that causes
flu like symptoms like
headache or fever.

9. Meningitis It is an inflammation

of the fluid and
membranes
(meninges)
surrounding your
brain and spinal
cord. The swelling
from meningitis
typically triggers
signs and symptoms
such as headache,
fever and a stiff neck.

10. Huntington’s Disease It is a rare, inherited

disease that causes
the progressive
breakdown
(degeneration) of
nerve cells in the
brain. Huntington's
disease has a broad
impact on a person's
functional abilities
and usually results in
movement, thinking
(cognitive) and
psychiatric disorders